Android Beginner Lecture-1

7/29/2019 Android Beginner Lecture-1

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Android Course Introduction

CSDAN0101

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Ramakrishna Reddy KGraduate Student

ME Computer Science


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Why Mobile Application Development Course ??

Mobile computing is popular

Flexibility and portability

Smartphone --portable computing platform They have the potential to replace desktop

and laptops

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Motivation

Smart Phone Basics

Smart Phone Hardware

Mobile OS

Mobile Cloud Computing(future)

Pervasive/Ubiquitous Computing

Brief History of Android

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SmartPhone

Smart Phones are defined to be enhanced mobile phones

that perform functionalities other than the typical phone.

These enhanced features can be anything from email andinternet to a full keyboard.

The definition of smart keeps changing as more and more

new functions are introduced to mobile phones.

They have senses (sight, hearing, touch) that laptops never

had

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Societal Impact

Keeps you organized- functions as a personal diary, electronic organizer,has automatic reminders, and a contact list

Faster communication- you can stay connected to the internet moreoften, easier to send emails and chat with friends

Information at your fingertips via internet- faster connection to theinternet, you can get news coverage, weather conditions, and so muchmore

Innovative way of taking notes- with the qwerty keyboard, you can take

notes as fast as you normally type on a computer

Better way of sharing information- transfer files to friends while online, ortransfer files to friends via email

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Introduction to Mobile Computing

information at any time, any place, and in any form. Whether in the

office, at home or virtually any place on earth.

mobile computing is the use of computers in a non-static environment.

mobile computing is associated with mobility of hardware, data and

software in computer applications.

The combination of mobile computers and wireless communications is

promoting the evolution of information technologies to enable an

environment that is often called nomadic/ubiquitous computing.

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Ubiquity

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A3Anytime Anyplace Anyhow


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Mobile Computingan evolution

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Primitive

Simple

Limited Capacity

Cumbersome

Unattractive

Sophisticated

Powerful

Complex

Refined

Elegant
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://i.walmart.com/i/p/00/82/91/60/13/0082916013818_215X215.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.walmart.com/catalog/product.gsp%3Fproduct_id%3D2569135%26cat%3D120870%26type%3D19%26dept%3D3944%26path%3D0%253A3944%253A3951%253A41937%253A120870&h=215&w=215&sz=22&tbnid=8JlT-0LB3XQJ:&tbnh=101&tbnw=101&start=10&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddesktop%2Bpc%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.e-wireless.ca/catalog/images/P900.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.e-wireless.ca/catalog/popup_image.php%3FpID%3D46&h=642&w=642&sz=63&tbnid=E-RxDCOWdakJ:&tbnh=135&tbnw=135&start=12&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dericsson%2Bp900%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN


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Context/Location Sensitive Technology

computers are aware of their environment and

adapt (location awareness)

Technology Convergence small, cheap, portable, combined, replaceable -

no more separate devices


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Mobile Computing and Technology radicallychanges how we do things

The personal perspective (our private life)

The organisational perspective (our working life)

Mobile Computing and Technology is becoming an integrated and

expected part of our existence

Would you give up the freedom of owning a mobile phone?

A luxury or a necessity?


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Mobile Technology - Applications

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Location Based Systems

User Requests - Pull

Show me...

Where am I and whats near me?

Where is the nearest?

Where are my friends/resources?

Broadcasting - Push

Did you know that?

intelligent travel guide with up-to-datelocation dependent information


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Vehicle tracking


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Navigation assistance


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Entertainment

outdoor Internet access

ad-hoc networks for multi user games

MMS


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Emergencies early transmission of patient data to the hospital, current status, first

diagnosis

replacement of a fixed infrastructures in case of earthquakes, hurricanes,

fire etc.

crisis, war, ...


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Health Care


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Mobile Office

Direct access to customer files stored in a central location

consistent databases for all agents/clients


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Education Enhancing the educational value for students in terms

of provision, availability and access to campus

information through the use of mobile and wireless

computing. Adopting mobile and wireless technology as

educational technology for the delivery of learning

support material.


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Mobile Commerce The ability to purchase goods or services virtually anywhere

through a wireless Internet-enabled device.

An e-commerce shopping model in which the mobile phone / PDA

replaces the PC.


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What this course covers

Googles App Inventor

Core JAVA required for Android

Application Components

User Interface Layout

Multimedia Techniques

Hardware Interface

Networking

Data storage Methods

Location Based Services

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Course Plan

Lectures : 20-22 Hands-on LABS 1 Mid semester Test 1 Assignment

1 Project (mobile application)

Schedule : Saturday, Sunday

Time : Sat-5:30 PM to 7:00 PMSun- 10AM to 11:30AM

Venue : 5102[LTC]

Pr-requisites : Basic Programming


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Project Component

Form a team of maximum 4.

Submit the Idea.

Submit the Flow Chart.

Submit Design Document

Implementation

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Merit Based Special Offers

AMCG membership http://www.bits-pilani.ac.in:12360/AMCG/AndroidGroup/index.html

Summer Intern Opportunities

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More Exciting Event(Exclusively for Registered Students)

Android Mobile Application IdeaContest

5 prizes

1st

Prize( 2000)--Certificate 2nd Prize( 1000)-- Certificate

3rd Prize( 500)-- Certificate

4th Prize -- Certificate

5th Prize -- Certificate

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Criterion: Innovativeness and Originality as well as match tocurrent Trend.

Application Areas : Will be announced soon.


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Mobile Wireless Protocols Mobile wireless protocols are a set of rules which are used to get

Internet over mobile device. These wireless protocols allows a Mobile device to get internet with

out any need of HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) to WML(Wireless Markup Language) format conversion.

Wireless protocols are used over different technologies like GPRS,

WIFI, Bluetooth, 3G, and 4G in near future. Thus these protocols ensures the control of data transfer and usage

of data over different medium of connections as listed above.

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General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)

General Packet Radio Service is packet

oriented mobile data service on cellular

communication systems which is used on a 2G

or 3G communication system.

It is used for mobile internet, MMS and other

data communications.

Informally, GPRS is also called 2.5G

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Wireless Fidelity(WI-FI)

Wireless Technology is an alternative to Wired Technology, which iscommonly used, for connecting devices in wireless mode.

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a generic term that refers to the IEEE802.11 communications standard for Wireless Local Area Networks(WLANs).

Wi-Fi Network connect computers to each other, to the internetand to the wired network.

Wi-Fi Networks use Radio Technologies to transmit & receive dataat high speed: IEEE 802.11b

IEEE 802.11a

IEEE 802.11g

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Bluetooth

Bluetooth is a short-range wireless network

originally intended to replace the cable(s).

It uses radio waves to transmit & receive data.

It operates on 2.4GHZ ISM band.In the beginning of the Bluetooth wireless

technology era, Bluetooth was aimed at unifying

the telecom and computing industries.

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Global Positioning System(GPS)

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based global navigation

satellite system (GNSS) that provides reliable location and time

information in all weather and at all times and anywhere on or near the

Earth when and where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or

more GPS satellites.

It is maintained by the United States government and is freely accessible

by anyone with a GPS receiver

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3G

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The rapid development of mobile telecommunications was one ofthe most notable success stories of the 1990s.

The 2G networks began their operation at the beginning of thedecade (the first GSM network was opened in 1991 in Finland), andsince then they have been expanding and evolving continuously.

In the same year that GSM was commercially launched, ETSI hadalready started the standardization work for the next-generationmobile telecommunications network.


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3G

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The dream of 3G is to unify the world's mobile computing devices

through a single, worldwide radio transmission standard.

Higher bandwidth enables a range of new applications!!

For consumers, 3G quite simply means a more rewarding wireless

experiencehigh-quality, low-cost voice, and fun and useful data

services whenever they want them, whenever they need them and

wherever they have mobile phone service.


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4G

It is a successor to 3G and 2G families of standards

Speed requirements for 4G service set the peak download speed at

100 Mbit/s for high mobility communication (such as from trains

and cars) and 1 Gbit/s for low mobility communication (such aspedestrians and stationary users).

A 4G system is expected to provide a comprehensive and secure all-

IP based mobile broadband solution to smart phones, laptop

computer wireless modems and other mobile devices

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Mobile Application Areas

Location Based Services:

Android devices have an in-built GPS receiver. Using GPS receivernumber of applications can be developed. For example, anapplication can use this GPS receiver to find the current position ofthe user and list him the near by hotels, tourist places, shoppingmalls, theaters, cab services etc.

Banking:

Banking transactions and services can be made very easy bydeveloping a mobile application. Transactions like balance enquiry,ministatement, fundtransfer and the services like cheque bookrequest, stopping a cheque, finding the cheque status can be donevery easily anytime anywhere using mobile.

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Mobile Application Areas

Gaming:

Gaming is another emerging sector in the mobile domain. Apartfrom the single party games where a single user is intended to playthe game, developers can also concentrate on the multipartygames. Multiparty games can be developed using different mobilewireless technologies like bluetooth, GPRS, 3G.

MashUp:

Mashup is an application that uses and combines data, presentationor functionality from two or more sources to create new services.Mobiles with the GPRS or 3G connectivity can connect to internetto get the data from different sources. For example, a mobilemashup can be developed by getting the sport news from thecricinfo, international news from the CNNIBN, technology newsfrom newsX etc.

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Summary

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Mobile computing technology is becoming more pervasive

each day

Mobile computing applications are capable of delivering

real business goals and objectives

The rest of the module will focus on programming

paradigms and techniques for the implementation of

mobile computing applications


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What is Android?

Android is a software stack formobile devices that includes an

operating system, middleware andkey applications.

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OHA (Open Handset Alliance)

A business alliance consisting of84 companies to

develop open standards for mobile devices


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Architecture

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Android S/W Stack - Application

Android provides a set of core applications:

Email Client SMS Program

Calendar

Maps

Browser

Contacts

Etc

All applications are written using the Java language.


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Android S/W Stack App Framework

Enabling and simplifying the reuse of

components

Developers have full access to the same

framework APIs used by the core applications.Users are allowed to replace components.


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Android S/W Stack

App Framework (Cont)

FeaturesFeature Role

ViewSystem

Used to build an application, including lists, grids, textboxes, buttons, and embedded web browser

ContentProvider

Enabling applications to access data from otherapplications or to share their own data

ResourceManager

Providing access to non-code resources (localized string, graphics, and layout files)

NotificationManager

Enabling all applications to display customer alerts in thestatus bar

ActivityManager

Managing the lifecycle of applications and providinga common navigation backstack


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Android S/W Stack - Libraries

Including a set of C/C++ libraries used by

components of the Android system

Exposed to developers through the Androidapplication framework


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Android S/W Stack - Runtime

Core LibrariesProviding most of the functionality available in the core

libraries of the Java language

APIsData Structures

Utilities

File Access

Network Access

Graphics

Etc


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Android S/W Stack Runtime (Cont)

Dalvik Virtual Machine

Providing environment on which every Android

application runs

Each Android application runs in its own process, withits own instance of the Dalvik VM.

Dalvik has been written so that a device can run

multiple VMs efficiently.

Register-based virtual machine


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Android S/W Stack Runtime (Cont)

Dalvik Virtual Machine (Cont)

Executing the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format

.dex format is optimized for minimal memory footprint.

Compilation

Relying on the Linux Kernel for:Threading

Low-level memory management


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Android S/W Stack Linux Kernel

Relying on Linux Kernel 2.6 for core system services

Memory and Process Management

Network Stack

Driver Model

Security

Providing an abstraction layer between the H/W and the rest of the S/W sta

ck


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Android Future

Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich

Same O/S for phones and tablets

YE 2011


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Android Future

NFC Near Field Communications

Google Wallet

Replace credit cards


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Android Future

Soft buttons

Rotate with device

Required by Ice Cream Sandwich


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Android Future

Combination Devices

Phones dock into Tablets or Laptops


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References

Image courtesy : OHA site, Google images, Android site.

http://developer.android.com

Wikipedia for wireless Internet Technologies

Few slides are borrowed from Stafford University SDMCA course introslides !!

Q A
http://developer.android.com/http://developer.android.com/


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Any questions?

www.google.com :P

Q & A
http://www.google.com/http://www.google.com/

Android Beginner Lecture-1

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