Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st....

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Ancient Greek Architecture

Transcript of Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st....

Page 1: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Ancient Greek Architecture

Page 2: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Early Greek Civilizations -Mycenaeans

Lions Gate

Cyclopean structure

Gates around all their cities

Page 3: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Basis of Greek ArchitectureThe Temple

Page 4: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

A closer look at the parts of a temple

PedimentFriezeCapitalColumnShaftBase

Page 5: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

The bottom of the Temple

CapitalConnecting piece between shaft and “cross beam”

Column/Greek orderOf which there are three kinds…doric, ionic and corinthian

BaseConsists of a foundation and steps on the outside

Page 6: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

The top of the temple

Pediment – the middle of the triangle – usually decorated

Frieze – can be of a plain or ornate design –it is the top horizontal supporting beam

Page 7: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Doric Columns

The plainest of all columnsIt tapers slightly as it gets higher

Page 8: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Ionic Columns

The “mediumornate” columns

Looks like an elaborate “I” or a ram’s horn

Page 9: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

TEMPLE OF ATHENA NIKE

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Corinthian Columns

The MOST elaborate of all the columnsTends to look like a firework going off, producing lots of leaves and flowers

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TEMPLE TO OLYMPIAN ZEUS

Page 12: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both
Page 13: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

ERECTHEUM

Page 14: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

PORCH OF THE MAIDENS

Page 15: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Important Ideas of Temples

It’s allliiiivvvvveeeeee!Similarity to human bodyIt flows It’s perfect!!!..the model for all of western architecture

Measured units – the bottom radius of the column…uses the golden rectangleAll other work was based off that number

Greeks ♥ Being outside – it’s all OPEN

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Golden Mean

Page 17: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Important Greek Structures you should be able to identify

Page 18: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

The Parthenon (at the Acropolis)

Page 19: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Acropolis Plan

Page 20: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

The Acropolis as a whole – a fortified agora on a hilltop

Page 21: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

AMPHITHEATERS…

Theater of Dionysus, Athens

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The Theater at Epidaurus

perfect acoustics

Page 23: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Modern Day Connections:Buildings that use the Greek model for architecture

Page 24: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

The NY Stock Exchange

Page 25: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

The New York City Hall Building

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The US Supreme Court Building

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QUINCY MARKET (Boston, MA)– Uses the agora style

Page 28: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Greek Architecture Conclusion

Architecture thus is part of the Western heritage of ideas that the Greeks began and which we still use today

Page 29: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

GREEK SCULPTURE

Archaic Period: 900-500 B.C.

Classical Period: 500-350 B.C.

Hellenistic Period: 350-100 B.C.

Page 30: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

TWO TYPES OF SCULPTURE…

in the round

in relief

Page 31: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Archaic Sculpture:• Stiff• Blocky• Arms at sides (males)• Stylized• Weight evenly balanced• Left foot forward• Archaic smile• Male/kouros; female/kore• Males usually nude,

females clothed

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archaic

• Kouros• 525 B.C.

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KORE

• females usually clothed• one outstretched

arm to offer somethingto the gods

Page 34: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

THE TRANSITION…Classical.

• The Charioteer of Delphi

• 470 B.C.• bronze

Page 35: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both
Page 36: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Transition: severe style..

Poseidon/Zeusc. 460 B.C.Found by fishermen in 1928

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Classical Sculpture

7 heads tallPerfectNatural, not realisticNo emotion on faceClassical profileBefore or after the action

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://library.thinkquest.org/23492/media/discob_fac.gif&imgrefurl=http://library.thinkquest.org/23492/&h=384&w=252&sz=14&tbnid=BmBVsAfPTq0J:&tbnh=119&tbnw=78&hl=en&start=2&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dclassical%2B%2Bgreek%2Bsculpture%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DG
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Classical

Spearbearer440 B.C.

Page 39: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

• “Diadoumenos”• 430 B. C.• Attributed to

Polykleitos

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Classical

..Hermes with theinfant Dionysus

..attributed to Praxiteles

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Hellenistic Sculpture• Often realistic, not

perfect• Emotion• In action

Page 42: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both
Page 43: Ancient Greek Architecture - WordPress.com · z. The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1. st. century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both

Hellenistic

• NIKE OF SAMOTHRACE

• “WINGED VICTORY”

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Hellenistic

• The Old Market Woman

• Metropolitan Museum of Art

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Conclusion:

The Romans conquered the Greeks in the 1st century B.C., and took many examples of Greek sculpture back to Rome to decorate both public and private spaces. The Greek ideals were copied by the Romans, who spread them all over the Mediterranean world.


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