AN INTRODUCTION TOAN INTRODUCTION TOFIDIC CONDITIONS OF CONTRACTFIDIC CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT

PART (I)PART (I)

FORFORE.P.C. / TURNKEYE.P.C. / TURNKEY

PROJECTSPROJECTS

INTRODUCTORYINTRODUCTORY

FIDIC’s Red and Yellow Books have been in widespread use for several decades, and have been recognised FIDIC’s Red and Yellow Books have been in widespread use for several decades, and have been recognised for their principles of balanced risk sharing between the Employer and the Contractor. The employer signing a for their principles of balanced risk sharing between the Employer and the Contractor. The employer signing a contract at a lower price and the Contractor avoiding pricing such risks which are not easy to evaluate.contract at a lower price and the Contractor avoiding pricing such risks which are not easy to evaluate.During recent years it has been noticed that much of the construction market required a form of contract During recent years it has been noticed that much of the construction market required a form of contract where certainty of final price, are of extreme importance. Employers on such turnkey projects are willing to where certainty of final price, are of extreme importance. Employers on such turnkey projects are willing to pay more. Among such projects can be found many projects financed by private funds.pay more. Among such projects can be found many projects financed by private funds.For such projects it is necessary for the Contractor to assume responsibility for a wider range of risks than For such projects it is necessary for the Contractor to assume responsibility for a wider range of risks than under the traditional Red and Yellow Books. If the Contractor is to carry such risks, the Employer must also under the traditional Red and Yellow Books. If the Contractor is to carry such risks, the Employer must also realize that asking responsible contractors to price such risks will increase the construction cost.realize that asking responsible contractors to price such risks will increase the construction cost.Even under such contracts the Employer does carry risks of war, terrorism and the other risks of Force Even under such contracts the Employer does carry risks of war, terrorism and the other risks of Force Majeure. In the case of BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) type projects, the allocation of risk provided for in the Majeure. In the case of BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) type projects, the allocation of risk provided for in the turnkey construction Contract may need to be adjusted in order to make into account the final allocation of all turnkey construction Contract may need to be adjusted in order to make into account the final allocation of all risks.risks.Apart from the privately financed projects demanding contract terms ensuring increased certainty of price, Apart from the privately financed projects demanding contract terms ensuring increased certainty of price, time and performance, the public sector, in a wide range of countries have demanded similar contract terms, time and performance, the public sector, in a wide range of countries have demanded similar contract terms, at least for turnkey contracts. By providing a standard FIDIC form for use in such contracts, the Employer’s at least for turnkey contracts. By providing a standard FIDIC form for use in such contracts, the Employer’s requirements for more risk to be taken by the Contractor are clearly stated. Clearly the Contractor will rightly requirements for more risk to be taken by the Contractor are clearly stated. Clearly the Contractor will rightly increase his tender price to account for such extra risks.increase his tender price to account for such extra risks.This form EPC/Turnkey Projects is thus intended to be suitable for EPC Contracts within a BOT or similar type This form EPC/Turnkey Projects is thus intended to be suitable for EPC Contracts within a BOT or similar type venture.venture.Employers using this must realise “Employer’s Requirements” should describe the principle and basic design Employers using this must realise “Employer’s Requirements” should describe the principle and basic design of the plant on a functional basis. The Tenderer shall also carry out any necessary design and detailing of the of the plant on a functional basis. The Tenderer shall also carry out any necessary design and detailing of the specific equipment and plant he is offering. Therefore the tendering procedure has to permit discussions specific equipment and plant he is offering. Therefore the tendering procedure has to permit discussions between the Tenderer and the Employer about technical matters and commercial conditions.between the Tenderer and the Employer about technical matters and commercial conditions.

FOREWORDFOREWORDThe Federation international des ingenieurs-Conseils (FIDIC) published, in 1999, First Editions of four new The Federation international des ingenieurs-Conseils (FIDIC) published, in 1999, First Editions of four new standard forms of Contract :-standard forms of Contract :-CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT FOR CONSTRUCTIONCONDITIONS OF CONTRACT FOR CONSTRUCTIONWhich are recommended for building or engineering works designed by the Employer or by his Which are recommended for building or engineering works designed by the Employer or by his representative, the Engineer. Under the usual arrangements for this type of contract, the Contractor representative, the Engineer. Under the usual arrangements for this type of contract, the Contractor constructs the works in accordance with a design provided by the Employer. However, the works may include constructs the works in accordance with a design provided by the Employer. However, the works may include some elements of Contractor – designed civil, mechanical, electrical and / or construction works.some elements of Contractor – designed civil, mechanical, electrical and / or construction works.CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT FOR PLANT AND DESIGN-BUILDCONDITIONS OF CONTRACT FOR PLANT AND DESIGN-BUILDWhich are recommended for the provision of electrical and / or mechanical plant, and for the design and Which are recommended for the provision of electrical and / or mechanical plant, and for the design and execution of building or engineering works. Under the usual arrangements for this type of contract, the execution of building or engineering works. Under the usual arrangements for this type of contract, the Contractor designs and provides, in accordance with the Employer’s requirements, plant and / or other works; Contractor designs and provides, in accordance with the Employer’s requirements, plant and / or other works; which may include any combination of Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and/or construction works.which may include any combination of Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and/or construction works.CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT FOR EPC / TURNKEY PROJECTSCONDITIONS OF CONTRACT FOR EPC / TURNKEY PROJECTSWhich may be suitable for the provision on a turnkey basis of process or power plant, of a factory or similar Which may be suitable for the provision on a turnkey basis of process or power plant, of a factory or similar facility, or of an infrastructure project or other type of development, where (I) a higher degree of certainty of facility, or of an infrastructure project or other type of development, where (I) a higher degree of certainty of final price and time is required, and (ii) the Contractor takes total responsibility for the design and execution of final price and time is required, and (ii) the Contractor takes total responsibility for the design and execution of the project, with little involvement of the Employer. Under the usual arrangements for turnkey projects, the the project, with little involvement of the Employer. Under the usual arrangements for turnkey projects, the Contractor carries out all the engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) : providing a fully equipped Contractor carries out all the engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) : providing a fully equipped facility, ready for operation (at the “turn of the key”).facility, ready for operation (at the “turn of the key”).SHORT FORM OF CONTRACTSHORT FORM OF CONTRACTWhich is recommended for building or engineering works of relatively small capital value.Which is recommended for building or engineering works of relatively small capital value.These forms are recommended for general use where tenders are invited on an international basis. These forms are recommended for general use where tenders are invited on an international basis. Modifications may be required in some jurisdictions, particularly if the Conditions are to be used on domestic Modifications may be required in some jurisdictions, particularly if the Conditions are to be used on domestic contracts. FIDIC considers the official and authentic texts to be the versions in the English language.contracts. FIDIC considers the official and authentic texts to be the versions in the English language.

Thereafter the Contractor should be given freedom to carry out the work in his chosen manner, Thereafter the Contractor should be given freedom to carry out the work in his chosen manner, provided the end result meets the performance criteria specified by the Employer. Consequently, provided the end result meets the performance criteria specified by the Employer. Consequently, the Employer should only exercise limited control and should in general not interfere with the the Employer should only exercise limited control and should in general not interfere with the Contractor’s work. A feature of this type of contract is that the Contractor has to prove the Contractor’s work. A feature of this type of contract is that the Contractor has to prove the reliability and performance of his plant and equipment.reliability and performance of his plant and equipment.FIDIC recognizes the privately-financed projects are usually subject to more negotiation than FIDIC recognizes the privately-financed projects are usually subject to more negotiation than publicly-financed ones and that therefore changes are likely to have to be made in any standard publicly-financed ones and that therefore changes are likely to have to be made in any standard form of contract proposed for projects within a BOT or similar type venture.form of contract proposed for projects within a BOT or similar type venture.These Conditions of Contract for EPC/Turnkey Projects are not suitable forThese Conditions of Contract for EPC/Turnkey Projects are not suitable forIf there is insufficient time or information for tenderers to scrutinize and If there is insufficient time or information for tenderers to scrutinize and check the Employer’s Requirements to carry out their designs and risk check the Employer’s Requirements to carry out their designs and risk assessment studies.assessment studies.If construction will involve substantial work underground or work tenderers If construction will involve substantial work underground or work tenderers cannot inspect.cannot inspect.If the Employer intends to supervise closely or control the Contractor’s If the Employer intends to supervise closely or control the Contractor’s work.work.If the amount of each interim payment is to be determined by an official or If the amount of each interim payment is to be determined by an official or other intemediary.other intemediary.FIDIC recommends that the Conditions of Contract for Plant and Design-Build be used in the above FIDIC recommends that the Conditions of Contract for Plant and Design-Build be used in the above circumstances for works designed by (or on behalf of) the Contractor.circumstances for works designed by (or on behalf of) the Contractor.

GENERAL CONDITIONGENERAL CONDITION1.0 General Provision1.0 General Provision

1.1.11.1.1 THE CONTRACTTHE CONTRACT““Employer’s Requirements” means the document entitled employer’s requirements, as included in the Employer’s Requirements” means the document entitled employer’s requirements, as included in the Contract.Contract.

1.1.21.1.2 PARTIES AND PERSONPARTIES AND PERSON““DAB” means the person or three persons so names in the Contract, under Sub-Clause 20.2 (Appointment DAB” means the person or three persons so names in the Contract, under Sub-Clause 20.2 (Appointment of the Dispute Adjudication Board)of the Dispute Adjudication Board)““FIDIC” means Federation international des ingenieurs-Conseils.FIDIC” means Federation international des ingenieurs-Conseils.

1.1.31.1.3 DATES, TESTS, PERIODS AND COMPLETIONSDATES, TESTS, PERIODS AND COMPLETIONS““BASE DATE” the date 28 days prior to the latest date for submission of the tenderBASE DATE” the date 28 days prior to the latest date for submission of the tender““COMMENCEMENT DATE” means (Commencement of Works) means the time for completing the works COMMENCEMENT DATE” means (Commencement of Works) means the time for completing the works (with any extension)(with any extension)““TESTS ON COMPLETION” means the tests which are specified in the ContractTESTS ON COMPLETION” means the tests which are specified in the Contract““TAKING-OVER CERTIFICATE” (Employer’s Taking Over)TAKING-OVER CERTIFICATE” (Employer’s Taking Over)““DEFECTS NOTIFICATION PERIOD” means the period for notifying defects in the Works calculated from DEFECTS NOTIFICATION PERIOD” means the period for notifying defects in the Works calculated from the date on which is works or section is completed as certified.the date on which is works or section is completed as certified.

1.1.41.1.4 MONEY AND PAYMENTSMONEY AND PAYMENTS““COST” means all expenditure reasonably incurred including overhead and similar charges but does not COST” means all expenditure reasonably incurred including overhead and similar charges but does not include profit.include profit.““STATEMENT” means an application for payment.STATEMENT” means an application for payment.

1.1.51.1.5 WORKS AND GOODSWORKS AND GOODSCONTRACTOR’S EQUIPMENT excludes Temporary WorksCONTRACTOR’S EQUIPMENT excludes Temporary Works““PLANT” means intended to form or forming part of the Permanent WorksPLANT” means intended to form or forming part of the Permanent Works““TEMPORARY WORKS” means all temporary works of every kind (other than Contractor’s Equipment)TEMPORARY WORKS” means all temporary works of every kind (other than Contractor’s Equipment)

1.1.61.1.6 OTHER DEFINITIONSOTHER DEFINITIONS““CONTRACTOR’S DOCUMENTS” means the calculations, computer programs and other CONTRACTOR’S DOCUMENTS” means the calculations, computer programs and other software, drawings, manuals, models and other documents supplied by the Contractorsoftware, drawings, manuals, models and other documents supplied by the Contractor

1.21.2 INTERPRETATIONINTERPRETATIONThe marginal words and other headings shall not be taken into consideration in the The marginal words and other headings shall not be taken into consideration in the interpretation of these Conditions.interpretation of these Conditions.

1.31.3 COMMUNICATIONSCOMMUNICATIONSCommunications shall beCommunications shall bea. In writing and delivered (against receipt)a. In writing and delivered (against receipt)b. Delivered, sent or transmitted to the addressb. Delivered, sent or transmitted to the address

1.41.4 LAW AND LANGUAGELAW AND LANGUAGEThe Contract shall be governed by the law of the country. The ruling language stated in the The Contract shall be governed by the law of the country. The ruling language stated in the Particular Conditions shall prevail.Particular Conditions shall prevail.

1.51.5 PRIORITY OF DOCUMENTSPRIORITY OF DOCUMENTS* the Contract Agreement* the Contract Agreement* the Particular Conditions* the Particular Conditions* these General Conditions* these General Conditions* the Employer’s Requirements* the Employer’s Requirements* the tender and any other documents forming part of the Contract.* the tender and any other documents forming part of the Contract.

1.61.6 CONTRACT ARRANGEMENTCONTRACT ARRANGEMENTThe Contract shall come into full force on the date stated in the Contract Agreement.The Contract shall come into full force on the date stated in the Contract Agreement.

1.71.7 ASSIGNMENTASSIGNMENTNeither party will assign without express consentNeither party will assign without express consent

1.81.8 CARE AND SUPPLY OF DOCUMENTSCARE AND SUPPLY OF DOCUMENTS* Employer will have access to all the Contract* Employer will have access to all the Contract* The Contractor shall keep, on the Site, a copy of the Contract and * The Contractor shall keep, on the Site, a copy of the Contract and other communications given under the Contract. The Employer’s other communications given under the Contract. The Employer’s Personnel shall have the right of access to documents at site on all Personnel shall have the right of access to documents at site on all reasonable timesreasonable times

1.91.9 CONFIDENTIALITYCONFIDENTIALITYBoth Parties shall treat the details of the Contract as private and confidentialBoth Parties shall treat the details of the Contract as private and confidential

1.101.10 EMPLOYER’S USE OF CONTRACTOR’S DOCUMENTSEMPLOYER’S USE OF CONTRACTOR’S DOCUMENTSContractor shall retain the copyright and other intellectual property rights Contractor shall retain the copyright and other intellectual property rights

1.111.11 CONTRACTOR’S USE OF EMPLOYER’S DOCUMENTSCONTRACTOR’S USE OF EMPLOYER’S DOCUMENTSEmployer shall retain the copyright and other intellectual property rights in the employer’s requirement Employer shall retain the copyright and other intellectual property rights in the employer’s requirement documentsdocuments

1.121.12 CONFIDENTIAL DETAILSCONFIDENTIAL DETAILSThe Contractor shall not be required to disclose any information which Contractor has described in the The Contractor shall not be required to disclose any information which Contractor has described in the Tender as being confidentialTender as being confidential

1.131.13 COMPLIANCE WITH LAWSCOMPLIANCE WITH LAWSThe Contractor shall, in performing the Contract, comply with applicable Laws.The Contractor shall, in performing the Contract, comply with applicable Laws.The Employer shall obtain permission for the Permanent Works.The Employer shall obtain permission for the Permanent Works.The Contractor shall give all notices, pay all taxes duties and obtain all permits and approvals.The Contractor shall give all notices, pay all taxes duties and obtain all permits and approvals.Contractor shall indemnify and hold the Employer harmless.Contractor shall indemnify and hold the Employer harmless.

1.141.14 JOINT AND SEVERAL LIABILITYJOINT AND SEVERAL LIABILITYIf the Contractor constitutes joint venture, consortium these person shall be deemed to be jointly and If the Contractor constitutes joint venture, consortium these person shall be deemed to be jointly and severally liable to the Employer for the performance of the Contract.severally liable to the Employer for the performance of the Contract.

2.02.0 The EmployerThe Employer2.12.1 RIGHT TO ACCESS TO THE SITERIGHT TO ACCESS TO THE SITE

The Employer shall give the Contractor right of access to and possession of all parts of the Site within the The Employer shall give the Contractor right of access to and possession of all parts of the Site within the time stated in the Particular Conditions. However, Employer may withhold any such right until the time stated in the Particular Conditions. However, Employer may withhold any such right until the Performance Security has been received.Performance Security has been received.Delay in handling over Site by Employer may result in claims by Contractor for time and cost.Delay in handling over Site by Employer may result in claims by Contractor for time and cost.

2.22.2 PERMITS, LICENCES OR APPROVALSPERMITS, LICENCES OR APPROVALSThe Employer shall provide reasonable assistance to the Contractor for clearance through customs, and The Employer shall provide reasonable assistance to the Contractor for clearance through customs, and for the export of Contractor’s Equipment at the end.for the export of Contractor’s Equipment at the end.

2.32.3 EMPLOYER’S PERSONNELEMPLOYER’S PERSONNELEmployer’s Personnel to co-operate with the Contractor’s efforts.Employer’s Personnel to co-operate with the Contractor’s efforts.

2.42.4 EMPLOYER’S FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENTSEMPLOYER’S FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENTSThe Employer shall submit, within 28 days after receiving request from the Contractor, reasonable The Employer shall submit, within 28 days after receiving request from the Contractor, reasonable evidence that financial arrangements have been made to pay the Contract Price. If the Employer intends evidence that financial arrangements have been made to pay the Contract Price. If the Employer intends to make any change to financial arrangements, the Employer shall give notice to the Contractor.to make any change to financial arrangements, the Employer shall give notice to the Contractor.

2.42.4 EMPLOYER’S CLAIMSEMPLOYER’S CLAIMSEmployer will give notice to Contractor, when any claims or extension to defects notification is sought by Employer will give notice to Contractor, when any claims or extension to defects notification is sought by him, except for payments under 4.19.him, except for payments under 4.19.The notice to specify the clauses or basis for claims and substantiation of amount and extent of The notice to specify the clauses or basis for claims and substantiation of amount and extent of extension.extension.

3.03.0 The Employer’s AdministrationThe Employer’s Administration3.13.1 THE EMPLOYER’S REPRESENTATIVETHE EMPLOYER’S REPRESENTATIVE

The Employer may appoint an Employer’s Representative. This Representative shall be deemed to have The Employer may appoint an Employer’s Representative. This Representative shall be deemed to have the full authority of the Employer under the Contract.the full authority of the Employer under the Contract.

3.23.2 OTHER EMPLOYER’S PERSONNELOTHER EMPLOYER’S PERSONNELThe Employer or the Employer’s Representative may assign duties and delegate authority to assistants.The Employer or the Employer’s Representative may assign duties and delegate authority to assistants.

3.33.3 DELEGATED PERSONSDELEGATED PERSONSAll these persons shall only be authorised to issue instructions to the Contractor to the extent defined.All these persons shall only be authorised to issue instructions to the Contractor to the extent defined.Any failure to disapprove any work, Plan or Materials shall not constitute approval.Any failure to disapprove any work, Plan or Materials shall not constitute approval.

3.43.4 INSTRUCTIONSINSTRUCTIONSThe Contractor shall take instructions from the Employer or from the Employer’s Representative.The Contractor shall take instructions from the Employer or from the Employer’s Representative.

3.53.5 DETERMINATIONSDETERMINATIONSThe Employer shall give notice to the Contractor of each agreement or determination. Either Party may The Employer shall give notice to the Contractor of each agreement or determination. Either Party may refer the dispute to the DAB in accordance with Sub Clause 20.4 (obtaining Dispute Adjudication Board’s refer the dispute to the DAB in accordance with Sub Clause 20.4 (obtaining Dispute Adjudication Board’s Decision).Decision).

4.04.0 The ContractorThe Contractor4.14.1 CONTRACTOR’S GENERAL OBLIGATIONSCONTRACTOR’S GENERAL OBLIGATIONS

The Contractor shall design, execute and complete the works in accordance with the Contract.The Contractor shall design, execute and complete the works in accordance with the Contract.The Contractor shall be responsible for the adequacy, stability and safety of all site operations.The Contractor shall be responsible for the adequacy, stability and safety of all site operations.The Contractor whenever required by Employer to prepare and get approved Methods Statement.The Contractor whenever required by Employer to prepare and get approved Methods Statement.

4.24.2 CONTRACTOR’S GENERAL OBLIGATIONSCONTRACTOR’S GENERAL OBLIGATIONSThe Contractor shall obtain a Performance Security for proper performance of Contract.The Contractor shall obtain a Performance Security for proper performance of Contract.The Contractor shall deliver the Performance Security to the Employer within 28 days after the Contract The Contractor shall deliver the Performance Security to the Employer within 28 days after the Contract Agreement. The Performance Security shall be issued by an entity / bank approved by the Employer.Agreement. The Performance Security shall be issued by an entity / bank approved by the Employer.Performance Security is to be extended if the Performance Certificate is not obtained by expiry date of Performance Security is to be extended if the Performance Certificate is not obtained by expiry date of the Contract.the Contract.* failure by the Contractor to extend the validity of the Performance * failure by the Contractor to extend the validity of the Performance Security as the Employer may claim the full amount;Security as the Employer may claim the full amount;* failure by the Contractor to remedy a default within 42 days after * failure by the Contractor to remedy a default within 42 days after receiving the Employer’s notice requiring the default to be remedied; receiving the Employer’s notice requiring the default to be remedied;

* Circumstances which entitle the Employer to termination under sub-* Circumstances which entitle the Employer to termination under sub- clause 15.2 (Termination by Employer).clause 15.2 (Termination by Employer).The Employer shall return the Performance Security to the Contractor within 21 days after the The Employer shall return the Performance Security to the Contractor within 21 days after the Contractor has become entitled to receive the Performance Certificate back.Contractor has become entitled to receive the Performance Certificate back.

4.34.3 CONTRACTOR’S REPRESENTATIVECONTRACTOR’S REPRESENTATIVEContractor shall submit to the Employer for consent, particulars of the person the Contractor proposes Contractor shall submit to the Employer for consent, particulars of the person the Contractor proposes to appoint as Contractor’s Representative.to appoint as Contractor’s Representative.

4.44.4 SUBCONTRACTORSSUBCONTRACTORSThe Contractor shall not subcontract the whole of the works.The Contractor shall not subcontract the whole of the works.Contractor shall give the Employer not less than 28 days’ notice of the intended appointment of the Contractor shall give the Employer not less than 28 days’ notice of the intended appointment of the Sub-Contractor with detailed particulars.Sub-Contractor with detailed particulars.

4.54.5 NOMINATED SUBCONTRACTORSNOMINATED SUBCONTRACTORSNominated Subcontractor means a Subcontractor whom the Employer under Clause 13 instructs the Nominated Subcontractor means a Subcontractor whom the Employer under Clause 13 instructs the Contractor to employ as a Subcontractor.Contractor to employ as a Subcontractor.Nominated Subcontractor can be opposed by Contractor with particulars supporting his contentions.Nominated Subcontractor can be opposed by Contractor with particulars supporting his contentions.

4.64.6 CO-OPERATIONCO-OPERATIONThe Contractor shall allow appropriate opportunities for carrying out work toThe Contractor shall allow appropriate opportunities for carrying out work to* the employer’s Personnel;* the employer’s Personnel;* any other Contractors employed by the Employer;* any other Contractors employed by the Employer;* the personnel of any legally constituted public authorities* the personnel of any legally constituted public authoritiesAbove request may constitute a variation to the extent it causes the Contractor to incur cost which was Above request may constitute a variation to the extent it causes the Contractor to incur cost which was not reasonably roreseeable at the time of Tendering.not reasonably roreseeable at the time of Tendering.

4.74.7 SETTING OUTSETTING OUTThe Contractor shall set out the works in relation to original points, lines and levels of reference The Contractor shall set out the works in relation to original points, lines and levels of reference specified in the Contract.specified in the Contract.

4.84.8 SAFETY PROCEDURESSAFETY PROCEDURESThe Contractor shall comply with Safety Regulations and create safety environment for workers and public.The Contractor shall comply with Safety Regulations and create safety environment for workers and public.

4.94.9 QUALITY ASSURANCEQUALITY ASSURANCEThe Contractor shall institute a quality assurance system to demonstrate compliance with the requirements The Contractor shall institute a quality assurance system to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of the Contract. The Employer shall be entitled to audit any aspect of the system.of the Contract. The Employer shall be entitled to audit any aspect of the system.

4.104.10 SITE DATASITE DATAThe Employer shall have made available to the Contractor prior to the Base Date, all relevant data on The Employer shall have made available to the Contractor prior to the Base Date, all relevant data on subsurface and hydrological conditions at the Site.subsurface and hydrological conditions at the Site.The Contractor shall be responsible for verifying and interpreting all such data. The Employer shall have no The Contractor shall be responsible for verifying and interpreting all such data. The Employer shall have no responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency or completeness of such data.responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency or completeness of such data.

4.114.11 SUFFICIENCY OF THE CONTRACT PRICESUFFICIENCY OF THE CONTRACT PRICEThe Contractor shall be deemed to have satisfied himself as to the correctness and sufficiency of the The Contractor shall be deemed to have satisfied himself as to the correctness and sufficiency of the Contract Price.Contract Price.

4.124.12 UNFORESEEABLE DIFFICULITESUNFORESEEABLE DIFFICULITESThe Contractor shall be deemed to have obtained all necessary information as to risks, contingencies and The Contractor shall be deemed to have obtained all necessary information as to risks, contingencies and other circumstances which may influence or affect the Works.other circumstances which may influence or affect the Works.

4.134.13 RIGHTS OF WAY AND FACILITIESRIGHTS OF WAY AND FACILITIESThe Contractor shall bear all costs for rights-of-way, including those for access to the site.The Contractor shall bear all costs for rights-of-way, including those for access to the site.

4.144.14 AVOIDANCE OF INTERFERENCEAVOIDANCE OF INTERFERENCEThe Contractor shall not interfere unnecessarily or improperly with the convenience of the public.The Contractor shall not interfere unnecessarily or improperly with the convenience of the public.

4.154.15 ACCESS ROUTEACCESS ROUTEThe Contractor shall be responsible for any maintenance which may be required for his use of access The Contractor shall be responsible for any maintenance which may be required for his use of access routes.routes.

4.164.16 TRANSORT OF GOODSTRANSORT OF GOODSContractor shall give the Employer not less than 21 days’ notice of the date on which any plant or a major item of other Contractor shall give the Employer not less than 21 days’ notice of the date on which any plant or a major item of other Goods will be delivered to the Site.Goods will be delivered to the Site.

4.174.17 CONTRACTOR’S EQUIPMENTCONTRACTOR’S EQUIPMENTWhen brought to the Site, Contractor’s Equipment shall be deemed to be exclusively intended for the execution of the When brought to the Site, Contractor’s Equipment shall be deemed to be exclusively intended for the execution of the Works.Works.

4.184.18 PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENTPROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENTThe Contractor shall take all reasonable steps to protect the environment.The Contractor shall take all reasonable steps to protect the environment.

4.194.19 ELECTRICITY, WATER AND GASELECTRICITY, WATER AND GASThe Contractor shall be responsible for the provision of all power, water and other services he may require.The Contractor shall be responsible for the provision of all power, water and other services he may require.The Contractor will pay for the same if provided by the Employer.The Contractor will pay for the same if provided by the Employer.

4.204.20 EMPLOYER’S EQUIPMENT AND FREE-ISSUE MATERIALEMPLOYER’S EQUIPMENT AND FREE-ISSUE MATERIALEmployer’s equipment can be used by Contractor and pay for it along with proper care and responsibility.Employer’s equipment can be used by Contractor and pay for it along with proper care and responsibility.The Employer shall, at his risk and cost, provide free issue materials at the time and place specified in the Contract.The Employer shall, at his risk and cost, provide free issue materials at the time and place specified in the Contract.After visual inspection, the free-issue materials shall come under the care, custody and control of the Contractor.After visual inspection, the free-issue materials shall come under the care, custody and control of the Contractor.

4.214.21 PROGRESS REPORTPROGRESS REPORTContractor to submit Monthly Progress Report.Contractor to submit Monthly Progress Report.* Each report shall include :* Each report shall include :* Charts and detailed descriptions of progress;* Charts and detailed descriptions of progress;* Photographs showing progress on the site;* Photographs showing progress on the site;* Report on major equipment and materials arrivals;* Report on major equipment and materials arrivals;* Records of Contractor’s Personnel and Equipment;* Records of Contractor’s Personnel and Equipment;* Copies of quality assurance documents;* Copies of quality assurance documents;* List of Variations;* List of Variations;* Safety Statistics;* Safety Statistics;* Comparisons of actual and planned progress and the measures * Comparisons of actual and planned progress and the measures being adopted to overcome delays.being adopted to overcome delays.

4.224.22 SECURITY OF THE SITESECURITY OF THE SITEThe Contractor shall be responsible for keeping unauthorised persons the site,The Contractor shall be responsible for keeping unauthorised persons the site,

4.234.23 CONTRACTOR’S OPERATIONS ON SITECONTRACTOR’S OPERATIONS ON SITEThe Contractor shall confine his operations to the Site, and to any additional areas agreed by the Employer as The Contractor shall confine his operations to the Site, and to any additional areas agreed by the Employer as working areas.working areas.Contractor shall keep the Site free from all unnecessary obstruction,Contractor shall keep the Site free from all unnecessary obstruction,Upon Taking-Over Certificate, the Contractor shall clear away and remove all Equipment, surplus material, Upon Taking-Over Certificate, the Contractor shall clear away and remove all Equipment, surplus material, rubbish and Temporary Works.rubbish and Temporary Works.

4.244.24 FOSSILSFOSSILSAll fossils, coins, articles of value or antiquity, found on the Site shall be placed under the care and authority of All fossils, coins, articles of value or antiquity, found on the Site shall be placed under the care and authority of the Employer.the Employer.Any delays and costs due to handling of above issues, as per Employer’s Instruction will be under contractor’s Any delays and costs due to handling of above issues, as per Employer’s Instruction will be under contractor’s Claims.Claims.

5.05.0 DesignDesign5.15.1 GENERAL DESIGN OBLIGATIONSGENERAL DESIGN OBLIGATIONS

The Contractor shall be deemed to have scrutinised, Employer’s Requirements.The Contractor shall be deemed to have scrutinised, Employer’s Requirements.Any data or information received by the Contractor, from the Employer shall not relieve the Contractor from his Any data or information received by the Contractor, from the Employer shall not relieve the Contractor from his responsibility for the design.responsibility for the design.However, the Employer shall be responsible for the correctness of the following.However, the Employer shall be responsible for the correctness of the following.a. Data and information stated in the Contractor as being immutable.a. Data and information stated in the Contractor as being immutable.b. Definitions of intended purposes of the Works.b. Definitions of intended purposes of the Works.c. Criteria for the testing and performance.c. Criteria for the testing and performance.d. Data and information which cannot be verified by the Contractor.d. Data and information which cannot be verified by the Contractor.

5.25.2 CONTRACTOR’S DOCUMENTSCONTRACTOR’S DOCUMENTSThe Contractor shall prepare all Contractor’s Documents for submission.The Contractor shall prepare all Contractor’s Documents for submission.The Contractor’s Documents which are to be submitted to the Employer for review shall be submitted The Contractor’s Documents which are to be submitted to the Employer for review shall be submitted accordingly. Each review period shall not exceed 21 days.accordingly. Each review period shall not exceed 21 days.

The Employer may, give notice to the Contractor that a Contractor’s Document fails (to the extent The Employer may, give notice to the Contractor that a Contractor’s Document fails (to the extent stated) to comply with the contract. It shall be rectified and submitted.stated) to comply with the contract. It shall be rectified and submitted.Any review shall not relieve the Contractor from any obligation or responsibility.Any review shall not relieve the Contractor from any obligation or responsibility.

5.35.3 CONTRACTOR’S UNDERTAKINGCONTRACTOR’S UNDERTAKINGThe Contractor undertakes that the design and the completed works will be in accordance withThe Contractor undertakes that the design and the completed works will be in accordance witha. Laws in the Countrya. Laws in the Countryb. The documents forming the Contractb. The documents forming the Contract

5.45.4 TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND REGULATIONSTECHNICAL STANDARDS AND REGULATIONSThe design shall comply with the Country’s technical standards, Building, Construction and The design shall comply with the Country’s technical standards, Building, Construction and Environmental Laws. References in the Contract for published standards shall be understood to be Environmental Laws. References in the Contract for published standards shall be understood to be references to edition applicable on the Base Date.references to edition applicable on the Base Date.If changed or applicable standards come in to force in the Country after the Base Date, then the If changed or applicable standards come in to force in the Country after the Base Date, then the Employer shall initiate a variation in accordance with Clause 13.Employer shall initiate a variation in accordance with Clause 13.

5.55.5 TRAININGTRAININGThe Contractor shall carry out the training of Employer’s Personnel in the operation and maintenance of The Contractor shall carry out the training of Employer’s Personnel in the operation and maintenance of the Works to the extent specified.the Works to the extent specified.

5.65.6 AS-BUILT DOCUMENTSAS-BUILT DOCUMENTSContractor shall supply to the Employer operation and maintenance manuals.Contractor shall supply to the Employer operation and maintenance manuals.

5.85.8 DESIGN ERRORDESIGN ERRORIf errors, omissions, or other defects are found in the Contractor’s Documents, they shall be corrected at If errors, omissions, or other defects are found in the Contractor’s Documents, they shall be corrected at the Contractor’s cost, notwithstanding any consent or approval under this Clause.the Contractor’s cost, notwithstanding any consent or approval under this Clause.

6.06.0 Staff and LabourStaff and Labour

6.16.1 ENGAGEMENT OF STAFF AND LABOURENGAGEMENT OF STAFF AND LABOURContractor shall make arrangements for the engagement or all staff and labour, for their salary, housing, feeding and Contractor shall make arrangements for the engagement or all staff and labour, for their salary, housing, feeding and transport.transport.

6.26.2 RATES OF WAGES AND CONDITIONS OF LABOURRATES OF WAGES AND CONDITIONS OF LABOURContractor shall pay rates of wages and observe conditions which are not lower than general level of wages and Contractor shall pay rates of wages and observe conditions which are not lower than general level of wages and conditions.conditions.

6.36.3 PERSONS IN THE SERVICE OF OTHERSPERSONS IN THE SERVICE OF OTHERSThe Contractor shall not recruit staff and Labour amongst the Employer’s Personnel.The Contractor shall not recruit staff and Labour amongst the Employer’s Personnel.

6.46.4 LABOUR LAWSLABOUR LAWSThe Contractor shall comply with all the relevant labour Laws of the country including health, safety, welfare and The Contractor shall comply with all the relevant labour Laws of the country including health, safety, welfare and immigration.immigration.

6.56.5 WORKING HOURSWORKING HOURSThe Contractor shall keep normal working hours, unlessThe Contractor shall keep normal working hours, unlessa. Otherwise stated in the Contract;a. Otherwise stated in the Contract;b. Employer gives consent;b. Employer gives consent;c. For the safety of the Works.c. For the safety of the Works.

6.66.6 FACILITIES FOR STAFF AND LABOURFACILITIES FOR STAFF AND LABOURContractor shall provide and maintain all necessary welfare facilities.Contractor shall provide and maintain all necessary welfare facilities.

6.76.7 HEALTH AND SAFETYHEALTH AND SAFETYThe Contractor shall maintain the health and safety of the Contractor’s personnel.The Contractor shall maintain the health and safety of the Contractor’s personnel.The Contractor shall appoint an accident prevention officer at the Site.The Contractor shall appoint an accident prevention officer at the Site.The Contractor shall send to the Employer, any accident reports and details concerning health, safety and welfare.The Contractor shall send to the Employer, any accident reports and details concerning health, safety and welfare.

6.86.8 CONTRACTOR’S SUPERINTENDENCECONTRACTOR’S SUPERINTENDENCEContractor shall provide all necessary superintendence to manage the work. Contractor shall provide all necessary superintendence to manage the work.

6.96.9 CONTRACTOR’S PERSONNELCONTRACTOR’S PERSONNELThe Contractor’s Personnel shall be appropriately qualified, skilled and experienced. The Employer may The Contractor’s Personnel shall be appropriately qualified, skilled and experienced. The Employer may require Contractor to remove any person employed on the Site or Works, including the Contractor’s require Contractor to remove any person employed on the Site or Works, including the Contractor’s Representative, if applicable, who is incompetent and fails to conform to contract and safety of works.Representative, if applicable, who is incompetent and fails to conform to contract and safety of works.

6.106.10 RECORDS OF CONTRACTOR’S PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENTRECORDS OF CONTRACTOR’S PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENTThe Contractor shall submit to the Employer, details of personnel and type of equipment on the Site.The Contractor shall submit to the Employer, details of personnel and type of equipment on the Site.

6.116.11 DISORDELY CONDUCTDISORDELY CONDUCTThe Contractor shall prevent any unlawful, riotous or disorderly conduct and preserve peace.The Contractor shall prevent any unlawful, riotous or disorderly conduct and preserve peace.

7.07.0 Plant, Materials and WorkmanshipPlant, Materials and Workmanship7.17.1 MANNER OF EXECUTION MANNER OF EXECUTION

The Contractor shall execute the work in proper workmanlike manner and as per contract.The Contractor shall execute the work in proper workmanlike manner and as per contract.7.27.2 SAMPLESSAMPLES

The Contractor shall submit samples to the Employer, for review in accordance with the procedures.The Contractor shall submit samples to the Employer, for review in accordance with the procedures.7.37.3 INSPECTIONINSPECTION

The Employer’s Personnel shall have full access to all parts of the Site during production, manufacture and The Employer’s Personnel shall have full access to all parts of the Site during production, manufacture and construction.construction.The Contractor shall give notice when ready for Inspection and Employer shall carry it out without The Contractor shall give notice when ready for Inspection and Employer shall carry it out without unreasonable delay.unreasonable delay.

7.47.4 TESTINGTESTINGThe Sub-Clause shall apply to all tests other than the tests after Completion (if any).The Sub-Clause shall apply to all tests other than the tests after Completion (if any).The Contractor shall provide all assistance to carry out the specified tests efficiently.The Contractor shall provide all assistance to carry out the specified tests efficiently.The Employer may instruct the Contractor carry out additional tests. If materials or workmanship is not in The Employer may instruct the Contractor carry out additional tests. If materials or workmanship is not in accordance with the Contract, cost of carrying out Variation shall be borne by the Contractor.accordance with the Contract, cost of carrying out Variation shall be borne by the Contractor. If the Employer does not attend the test at the time and placed agreed, Contractor may proceed with the If the Employer does not attend the test at the time and placed agreed, Contractor may proceed with the tests shall then be deemed to have been made in the Employer’s Presence.tests shall then be deemed to have been made in the Employer’s Presence.

If the Employer does not attend the test at the time and placed agreed, Contractor may proceed with If the Employer does not attend the test at the time and placed agreed, Contractor may proceed with the tests shall then be deemed to have been made in the Employer’s Presence.the tests shall then be deemed to have been made in the Employer’s Presence.If the Contractor suffers delay and / or incurs cost as a result of a delay for which the Employer is If the Contractor suffers delay and / or incurs cost as a result of a delay for which the Employer is responsible, the Contractor shall give notice to the Employer subject to Sub-Clause 20.1 (Contractor’s responsible, the Contractor shall give notice to the Employer subject to Sub-Clause 20.1 (Contractor’s Claims).Claims).

7.57.5 REJECTIONREJECTIONIf as a result of an examination of materials, design or workmanship if found to be defective the If as a result of an examination of materials, design or workmanship if found to be defective the Employer may reject the Plant. The Contractor shall then promptly make good the defects.Employer may reject the Plant. The Contractor shall then promptly make good the defects.If the Employer requires this Plant to be retested if the rejection and retesting cause the Employer to If the Employer requires this Plant to be retested if the rejection and retesting cause the Employer to incur additional costs the Contractor shall pay these costs to the Employer.incur additional costs the Contractor shall pay these costs to the Employer.

7.67.6 REMEDIAL WORKREMEDIAL WORKThe Employer may instruct the Contractor to :The Employer may instruct the Contractor to :Remove from the Site and replace any Plant or Materials which is not in accordance with the Contract.Remove from the Site and replace any Plant or Materials which is not in accordance with the Contract.If the Contractor fails to comply the Employer shall be entitled to employ and pay other persons to carry If the Contractor fails to comply the Employer shall be entitled to employ and pay other persons to carry out the work.out the work.

7.77.7 OWNERSHIP OF PLANT AND MATERIALSOWNERSHIP OF PLANT AND MATERIALSEach item of Plant and Materials shall become the property of the Employer when it is delivered to the Each item of Plant and Materials shall become the property of the Employer when it is delivered to the Site; subject to payment for plant and materials.Site; subject to payment for plant and materials.

7.87.8 ROYALTIESROYALTIESContractor shall pay all royalties, rents forContractor shall pay all royalties, rents fornatural Materials obtained from outside the Site.natural Materials obtained from outside the Site.

8.08.0 Commencement, Delays and SuspensionCommencement, Delays and Suspension8.18.1 COMMENCEMENT OF WORKSCOMMENCEMENT OF WORKS

a. The Employer shall give Contractor not less than 7 day’s notice of a. The Employer shall give Contractor not less than 7 day’s notice of the Commencement Date; andthe Commencement Date; andb. The Commencement Date shall be within 42 days after the date on b. The Commencement Date shall be within 42 days after the date on which the contract comes into full force.which the contract comes into full force.

8.28.2 TIME FOR COMPLETIONTIME FOR COMPLETIONThe Contractor shall complete the whole of the Works, and each Section within the Time for Completion for the The Contractor shall complete the whole of the Works, and each Section within the Time for Completion for the Works or Section including :Works or Section including :a. The passing of the Tests on Completion , anda. The passing of the Tests on Completion , andb. Completing all work which is stated in the Contract.b. Completing all work which is stated in the Contract.

8.38.3 PROGRAMMEPROGRAMMEThe Contractor shall submit a time program to the Employer within 28 days after the Commencement Date. The Contractor shall submit a time program to the Employer within 28 days after the Commencement Date. Including methods for major stages of work and details of equipment and type and nos. of personnel.Including methods for major stages of work and details of equipment and type and nos. of personnel.Employer to comment within 21 days or accept the programme as it is.Employer to comment within 21 days or accept the programme as it is.Contractor to advise employer about probable delays and to resubmit revised schedule to the employer.Contractor to advise employer about probable delays and to resubmit revised schedule to the employer.

8.48.4 EXTENTION OF TIME FOR COMPLETIONEXTENTION OF TIME FOR COMPLETIONThe Contractor shall be entitled to an extension of the Time for Completion if delayed by any of the following The Contractor shall be entitled to an extension of the Time for Completion if delayed by any of the following causes :causes :a. A variation under Sub-Clause 13.3 (Variation Procedure)a. A variation under Sub-Clause 13.3 (Variation Procedure)b. A cause of delay under a Sub-Clause of these Conditionsb. A cause of delay under a Sub-Clause of these Conditionsc. Any delay attributable to the Employerc. Any delay attributable to the Employer

8.58.5 DELAYS CAUSED BY AUTHORITIESDELAYS CAUSED BY AUTHORITIESIf Contractor follows conditions of public authorities, but authorities delay his work, then extension of time for If Contractor follows conditions of public authorities, but authorities delay his work, then extension of time for completion under sub-clause 9.4 is applicable.completion under sub-clause 9.4 is applicable.

8.68.6 RATE OF PROGRESSRATE OF PROGRESSActual progress is too show to complete within the Time for Completion.Actual progress is too show to complete within the Time for Completion.

Employer may instruct the Contractor to submit a revised program to expedite progress and complete Employer may instruct the Contractor to submit a revised program to expedite progress and complete within the Time for Completion.within the Time for Completion.The Contractor shall adopt these revised methods at the risk and cost of the Contractor.The Contractor shall adopt these revised methods at the risk and cost of the Contractor.

8.78.7 DELAY DAMAGESDELAY DAMAGESIf the Contractor fails to coply with time for completion, the Contractor shall pay delay damages to the If the Contractor fails to coply with time for completion, the Contractor shall pay delay damages to the Employer. These delay damages shall be the sum stated in the Particular Conditions per day. However, Employer. These delay damages shall be the sum stated in the Particular Conditions per day. However, the total amount due shall not exceed the maximum amount of delay damages.the total amount due shall not exceed the maximum amount of delay damages.These damages shall not relieve the Contractor from his obligation to complete the Works.These damages shall not relieve the Contractor from his obligation to complete the Works.

8.88.8 SUSPENSION OF WORKSUSPENSION OF WORKThe Employer may at any time instruct the Contractor to suspend progress of part or all of the Works. The Employer may at any time instruct the Contractor to suspend progress of part or all of the Works. During such suspension, the Contractor shall protect, store and secure the Works against any During such suspension, the Contractor shall protect, store and secure the Works against any deterioration, loss or damage.deterioration, loss or damage.

8.98.9 CONSEQUENCES OF SUSPENSIONCONSEQUENCES OF SUSPENSIONIf the Contractor suffers delay and/or incurs Cost, the Contractor shall give notice to the Employer for an If the Contractor suffers delay and/or incurs Cost, the Contractor shall give notice to the Employer for an extension of time for any such delay and payment of any such Cost.extension of time for any such delay and payment of any such Cost.

8.108.10 PAYMENT FOR PLANT AND MATERIALS IN EVENT OF SUSPENSIONPAYMENT FOR PLANT AND MATERIALS IN EVENT OF SUSPENSIONThe Contractor shall be entitled to payment of the value of Plant and/or Materials, if the work has been The Contractor shall be entitled to payment of the value of Plant and/or Materials, if the work has been suspended for more than 28 days; and the Contractor has marked the Plant and/or Materials as suspended for more than 28 days; and the Contractor has marked the Plant and/or Materials as Employer’s property.Employer’s property.

8.118.11 PROLONGED SUSPENSIONPROLONGED SUSPENSIONIf the suspension has continued for more than 84 days, Contractor may request the Employer’s If the suspension has continued for more than 84 days, Contractor may request the Employer’s permission to proceed. If the Employer does not give permission within 28 days, the Contractor may, by permission to proceed. If the Employer does not give permission within 28 days, the Contractor may, by giving notice to the Employer, treat the suspension as an omission.giving notice to the Employer, treat the suspension as an omission.If suspension affects whole of work, notice of termination under Sub-Clause 16.2 may be given.If suspension affects whole of work, notice of termination under Sub-Clause 16.2 may be given.

8.128.12 RESUMPTION OF WORKRESUMPTION OF WORKOn resumption, both sides to examine the work and the Contractor to make good any deterioration.On resumption, both sides to examine the work and the Contractor to make good any deterioration.

9.09.0 Tests on CompletionTests on Completion9.19.1 CONTRACTOR’S OBLIGATIONSCONTRACTOR’S OBLIGATIONS

The Contractor shall give to the Employer not less than 21 days’ notice to carry out each of the Tests on completion. The Contractor shall give to the Employer not less than 21 days’ notice to carry out each of the Tests on completion. Tests on Completion shall be carried out within 14 days after this date.Tests on Completion shall be carried out within 14 days after this date.Tests on Completion shall be carried out in the following sequence.Tests on Completion shall be carried out in the following sequence.a. Pre-commissioning tests to demonstrate that each item of Plant a. Pre-commissioning tests to demonstrate that each item of Plant can safely undertake the next stage;can safely undertake the next stage;b. Commissioning tests to demonstrate that the Works or Section canb. Commissioning tests to demonstrate that the Works or Section can be operated safely and as specified;be operated safely and as specified;c. Trial operation which shall demonstrate that the Works of Section c. Trial operation which shall demonstrate that the Works of Section perform reliably.perform reliably.During trial operation, the Contractor shall give notice to the Employer that the Works are ready for any other Tests During trial operation, the Contractor shall give notice to the Employer that the Works are ready for any other Tests on Completion, including performance tests to demonstrate Performance Guarantees.on Completion, including performance tests to demonstrate Performance Guarantees.

9.29.2 DELAYED TESTSDELAYED TESTSIf the Tests on Completion delayed by Contractor, Employer to give notice of 28 days to Contractor to conduct Test If the Tests on Completion delayed by Contractor, Employer to give notice of 28 days to Contractor to conduct Test otherwise Employer carry on with Testing at risk and cost to the Contractor.otherwise Employer carry on with Testing at risk and cost to the Contractor.

9.39.3 RETESTINGRETESTINGIf the Works or a Section fail to pass the Tests on Completion, Tests to be repeated under the same terms and If the Works or a Section fail to pass the Tests on Completion, Tests to be repeated under the same terms and conditions.conditions.

9.49.4 FAILURE TO PASS TESTS ON COMPLETIONFAILURE TO PASS TESTS ON COMPLETIONIf the Works or a Section fail to pass Tests on Completion,If the Works or a Section fail to pass Tests on Completion,a. Order further repetition of Tests;a. Order further repetition of Tests;b. Reject the Works or Section;b. Reject the Works or Section;c. Issue a Taking-Over Certificate subject to reduced value of c. Issue a Taking-Over Certificate subject to reduced value of Contract based on agreement with contractor about reduced Contract based on agreement with contractor about reduced lowered specificationlowered specification

10.010.0 Employer’s Taking OverEmployer’s Taking Over

10.110.1 TAKING OVER OF THE WORKS AND SECTIONSTAKING OVER OF THE WORKS AND SECTIONSThe Works shall be taken over by the Employer when the Works have been completed in accordance with the The Works shall be taken over by the Employer when the Works have been completed in accordance with the Contract.Contract.The Contractor may apply by notice to the Employer for a Taking-Over Certificate within 14 days.The Contractor may apply by notice to the Employer for a Taking-Over Certificate within 14 days.The Employer shall, within 28 days after receiving the Contractor’s application –The Employer shall, within 28 days after receiving the Contractor’s application –a. Issue the Taking-Over Certificate to the Contractor;a. Issue the Taking-Over Certificate to the Contractor;b. Reject the application, giving reasons and specifying the work b. Reject the application, giving reasons and specifying the work required to be done by the Contractor.required to be done by the Contractor.If Employer fails to take-over within 28 days of properly completed works, it is deemed to have been taken If Employer fails to take-over within 28 days of properly completed works, it is deemed to have been taken over.over.

10.210.2 TAKING OVER OF PARTS OF THE WORKSTAKING OVER OF PARTS OF THE WORKSNo taking-over of part of the Works unless stated in Contract or agreed by both the parties. No taking-over of part of the Works unless stated in Contract or agreed by both the parties.

10.310.3 INTERFERENCE WITH TESTS ON COMPLETIONINTERFERENCE WITH TESTS ON COMPLETIONIf the Contractor is prevented, for more than 14 days, from carrying out the Tests for which the Employer is If the Contractor is prevented, for more than 14 days, from carrying out the Tests for which the Employer is responsible, the Contractor shall carry out the Tests.responsible, the Contractor shall carry out the Tests.If Contractor suffers delay and incurs cost due to delay extension of time and contractor’s claim will be If Contractor suffers delay and incurs cost due to delay extension of time and contractor’s claim will be applicable.applicable.

11.011.0 Defects LiabilityDefects Liability

11.111.1 COMPLETION OF OUTSTANDING WORKS AND REMEDYING DEFECTSCOMPLETION OF OUTSTANDING WORKS AND REMEDYING DEFECTSa. Contractor shall complete any work which is outstanding within a. Contractor shall complete any work which is outstanding within reasonable time as is instructed by the Employer;reasonable time as is instructed by the Employer;b. And execute all work required to remedy defects on or before the b. And execute all work required to remedy defects on or before the expiry date of the Defects Notification period.expiry date of the Defects Notification period.

11.211.2 COST OF REMEDYING DEFECTSCOST OF REMEDYING DEFECTSAll work referred to in Sub-Clause 11.1 shall be executed at the risk and cost of the Contractor.All work referred to in Sub-Clause 11.1 shall be executed at the risk and cost of the Contractor.

11.311.3 EXTENSION OF DEFECTS NOTIFICATION PERIOEXTENSION OF DEFECTS NOTIFICATION PERIOThe Employer shall be entitled to an extension of the Defects Notification period for the Works or a Section if it The Employer shall be entitled to an extension of the Defects Notification period for the Works or a Section if it cannot be used for the purposes for which they are intended however, a Defects Notification period shall not be cannot be used for the purposes for which they are intended however, a Defects Notification period shall not be extended by more than two years after excluding any delays due to suspension of Work by the Employer.extended by more than two years after excluding any delays due to suspension of Work by the Employer.

11.411.4 FAILURE TO REMEDY DEFECTSFAILURE TO REMEDY DEFECTSIf the Contractor fails to remedy any defect or damage within a reasonable time, the Employer,If the Contractor fails to remedy any defect or damage within a reasonable time, the Employer,a. Carry out the work himself or by other at the Contractor’s cost;a. Carry out the work himself or by other at the Contractor’s cost;b. Agree or determine a reasonable reduction in the Contract Price;b. Agree or determine a reasonable reduction in the Contract Price;c. Terminate the Contract as a whole to recover all sums paid for the c. Terminate the Contract as a whole to recover all sums paid for the Works plus financing costs and the cost of dismantling the same, Works plus financing costs and the cost of dismantling the same, clearing the Site and returning Plant and Materials to the clearing the Site and returning Plant and Materials to the Contractor.Contractor.

11.511.5 REMOVAL OF DEFECTIVE WORKREMOVAL OF DEFECTIVE WORKContractor may remove Plant for repairs with Employer’s consent.Contractor may remove Plant for repairs with Employer’s consent.

11.611.6 FURTHER TESTSFURTHER TESTSRemedied work may require further retests at the risk and cost of the Party liable, under Sub-Clause 11.2 (Cost Remedied work may require further retests at the risk and cost of the Party liable, under Sub-Clause 11.2 (Cost of Remedying Defects).of Remedying Defects).

11.711.7 RIGHT OF ACCESSRIGHT OF ACCESSUntil the Performance Certificate has been issued, the Contractor shall have the right of access to all parts of Until the Performance Certificate has been issued, the Contractor shall have the right of access to all parts of the works.the works.

11.811.8 CONTRACTOR TO SEARCHCONTRACTOR TO SEARCHThe Contractor shall search for the cause of any defect and cost of search may have to be borne by the The Contractor shall search for the cause of any defect and cost of search may have to be borne by the Employer unless it relates to Defect in Contractor’s work. Employer unless it relates to Defect in Contractor’s work.

11.911.9 PERFORMANCE CERTIFICATEPERFORMANCE CERTIFICATEThe Employer shall issue the Performance Certificate within 28 days or as soon thereafter as the Contractor The Employer shall issue the Performance Certificate within 28 days or as soon thereafter as the Contractor has supplied Contractor’s documents and completed and tested all the Works, if the Employer fails to issue the has supplied Contractor’s documents and completed and tested all the Works, if the Employer fails to issue the Performance Certificate, the Performance Certificate shall be deemed to have been issued.Performance Certificate, the Performance Certificate shall be deemed to have been issued.

11.1011.10 UNFULFILLED OBLIGATIONSUNFULFILLED OBLIGATIONSEven after Performance Certificate, any obligation if unperformed, Contract shall be deemed to be in force.Even after Performance Certificate, any obligation if unperformed, Contract shall be deemed to be in force.

11.1111.11 CLEARANCE OF THE SITECLEARANCE OF THE SITEContractor to clear site on receiving Performance Certificate. If not cleared within 28 days, Employer will Contractor to clear site on receiving Performance Certificate. If not cleared within 28 days, Employer will be free to dispose at cost, determined after sale proceeds if any being adjusted in favour of the Contractor.be free to dispose at cost, determined after sale proceeds if any being adjusted in favour of the Contractor.

12.012.0 Tests after CompletionTests after Completion

12.112.1 PROCEDURE FOR TESTS AFTER COMPLETIONPROCEDURE FOR TESTS AFTER COMPLETIONIf tests after completion are specified,If tests after completion are specified,a. The Employer shall provide all electricity, fuel and materials;a. The Employer shall provide all electricity, fuel and materials;b. The Contractor shall provide other plant, equipment and suitably b. The Contractor shall provide other plant, equipment and suitably qualified staff;qualified staff;c. The Contractor shall carry out the Tests in the presence of c. The Contractor shall carry out the Tests in the presence of Employer’s and/or Contractor’s personnelEmployer’s and/or Contractor’s personnel

12.212.2 DELAYED TESTSDELAYED TESTSIf the Contractor incurs Cost as a result of any unreasonable delay by the Employer to the Tests after If the Contractor incurs Cost as a result of any unreasonable delay by the Employer to the Tests after Completion, Contractor’s claim as per Sub-Clause 20.1 will apply.Completion, Contractor’s claim as per Sub-Clause 20.1 will apply.If this Test is not conducted within Defects Liability Period, Works will be deemed to have passed.If this Test is not conducted within Defects Liability Period, Works will be deemed to have passed.

12.312.3 RETESTINGRETESTINGIf Re-Testing is necessary due to failed Tests, same to be repeated, under identical terms and conditions.If Re-Testing is necessary due to failed Tests, same to be repeated, under identical terms and conditions.

12.412.4 FAILURE TO PASS TESTS AFTER COMPLETIONFAILURE TO PASS TESTS AFTER COMPLETIONIf the Works fail to pass a Test after Completion and the Contractor proposes to make adjustments, If the Works fail to pass a Test after Completion and the Contractor proposes to make adjustments, modifications, the Contractor shall then remain liable to carry out the adjustments or modifications and to modifications, the Contractor shall then remain liable to carry out the adjustments or modifications and to satisfy this test, within a reasonable period of receiving notice by the Employer.satisfy this test, within a reasonable period of receiving notice by the Employer.

13.013.0 Variations and AdjustmentsVariations and Adjustments13.113.1 RIGHT TO VARYRIGHT TO VARY

Variations may be initiated by the Employer at any time prior to issuing the Taking-Over Certificate for Variations may be initiated by the Employer at any time prior to issuing the Taking-Over Certificate for the Works.the Works.The Contractor shall execute and be bound by each variation, unless the Contractor has reasons, of The Contractor shall execute and be bound by each variation, unless the Contractor has reasons, of capability safety or performance concern.capability safety or performance concern.

13.213.2 VALUE ENGINEERINGVALUE ENGINEERINGContractor may propose ideas to accelerate completion or reduce cost of works and operation (under Contractor may propose ideas to accelerate completion or reduce cost of works and operation (under S.L. 13.3) Employer shall respond at the request of Contractor.S.L. 13.3) Employer shall respond at the request of Contractor.

13.313.3 VARIATION PROCEDUREVARIATION PROCEDUREContractor to propose value engineering based changes and indicate changes likely in design, program Contractor to propose value engineering based changes and indicate changes likely in design, program and price. Employer to respond with approval or otherwise if approved time and cost impact to be and price. Employer to respond with approval or otherwise if approved time and cost impact to be determined.determined.

13.413.4 PAYMENT IN APPLICABLE CURRENCIESPAYMENT IN APPLICABLE CURRENCIESAny effect of above changes in Currency Component to be identified and agreed.Any effect of above changes in Currency Component to be identified and agreed.

13.513.5 PROVISION SUMSPROVISION SUMSEach Provision Sum shall only be used in accordance with the Employer’s instructions for each Each Provision Sum shall only be used in accordance with the Employer’s instructions for each Provision Sum, the Employer may instruct.Provision Sum, the Employer may instruct.a. Work to be executeda. Work to be executedb. Plant and Materials to be procured by the Contractor including b. Plant and Materials to be procured by the Contractor including overheads and profits at agreed rates.overheads and profits at agreed rates.

13.613.6 DAYWORKDAYWORKFor minor works variation shall be executed on day work basis as per price schedule in the Contract.For minor works variation shall be executed on day work basis as per price schedule in the Contract.The contractor shall then submit priced statement of these resources to the Employer, prior to their The contractor shall then submit priced statement of these resources to the Employer, prior to their inclusion in the next Statement under Sub-Clause 14.3 (Application for Interim Payments)inclusion in the next Statement under Sub-Clause 14.3 (Application for Interim Payments)

13.713.7 ADJUSTMENTS FOR CHANGES IN LEGISLATIONADJUSTMENTS FOR CHANGES IN LEGISLATIONThe Contractor Price shall be adjusted to take account of any increase or decrease in Cost resulting The Contractor Price shall be adjusted to take account of any increase or decrease in Cost resulting from a change in the Laws of the Country.from a change in the Laws of the Country.Any such changes or interpretations after Base Date may result in extension of the time & cost.Any such changes or interpretations after Base Date may result in extension of the time & cost.

13.813.8 ADJUSTMENTS FOR CHANGES IN COSTSADJUSTMENTS FOR CHANGES IN COSTSIf the Contract Price is to be adjusted for rises or falls in the cost of labour, Goods and other inputs to If the Contract Price is to be adjusted for rises or falls in the cost of labour, Goods and other inputs to the Works, adjustments shall calculated in accordance with the provisions in the Particular Conditions.the Works, adjustments shall calculated in accordance with the provisions in the Particular Conditions.

14.014.0 Contract Price and PaymentContract Price and Payment14.114.1 THE CONTRACT PRICETHE CONTRACT PRICE

The payment for works shall be a lump sum as per Contract including all Taxes and Duties except for The payment for works shall be a lump sum as per Contract including all Taxes and Duties except for adjustments due to changes in legislation.adjustments due to changes in legislation.

14.214.2 ADVANCED PAYMENTADVANCED PAYMENTThe Employer shall make an advance payment, as an interest-free loan for mobilization and design, The Employer shall make an advance payment, as an interest-free loan for mobilization and design, when the Contractor submits a guarantee in accordance with this Sub-Clause and as per Particular when the Contractor submits a guarantee in accordance with this Sub-Clause and as per Particular Condition about the details such as installments and rate of amortisation, etc. Advance bond guarantee Condition about the details such as installments and rate of amortisation, etc. Advance bond guarantee to be valid till the loan repaid. The Guarantee to be extended if necessary till adv. Payment is repaid. to be valid till the loan repaid. The Guarantee to be extended if necessary till adv. Payment is repaid. The advance payment shall be repaid through proportional deductions in interim payments.The advance payment shall be repaid through proportional deductions in interim payments.

14.314.3 APPLICATION FOR INTERIM PAYMENTSAPPLICATION FOR INTERIM PAYMENTSThe Contractor shall submit a Statement in six copies to the Employer after the end of the period of The Contractor shall submit a Statement in six copies to the Employer after the end of the period of payment stated in the Contract. The Statement shall includepayment stated in the Contract. The Statement shall include* the estimated contract value of the works executed, any amounts to be added and deducted for * the estimated contract value of the works executed, any amounts to be added and deducted for changes in legislation and changes in cost,changes in legislation and changes in cost,* any amount to be deducted for retention;* any amount to be deducted for retention;* any amounts to be added and deducted for the advance payment;* any amounts to be added and deducted for the advance payment;

* any other additions or deductions; * any other additions or deductions; * the deduction of amounts included in previous statements.* the deduction of amounts included in previous statements.

14.414.4 SCHEDULE OF PAYMENTSSCHEDULE OF PAYMENTSIf the Contractor includes a Schedule of Payments specifying the installments in which the Contract Price will be If the Contractor includes a Schedule of Payments specifying the installments in which the Contract Price will be paidpaida. The installments shall be the estimated contract values;a. The installments shall be the estimated contract values;b. If based on actual progress, installments may be revised;b. If based on actual progress, installments may be revised;

14.514.5 PLANT AND MATERIALS INTENDED FOR THE WORKSPLANT AND MATERIALS INTENDED FOR THE WORKSIf no schedule of payments is specified, quarterly non binding estimates may be submitted for payments to If no schedule of payments is specified, quarterly non binding estimates may be submitted for payments to Employer.Employer.If the Contractor is entitled to an interim payment for Plant and Materials which are not yet on the Site, then only ifIf the Contractor is entitled to an interim payment for Plant and Materials which are not yet on the Site, then only ifa. The relevant Plant and Materials are in the Country and have been a. The relevant Plant and Materials are in the Country and have been marked as the Employer’s property.marked as the Employer’s property.b. Contractor has delivered, to the Employer, evidence of insurance b. Contractor has delivered, to the Employer, evidence of insurance and a bank guarantee valid until the Plant and Materials are and a bank guarantee valid until the Plant and Materials are properly stored on Site.properly stored on Site.

14.614.6 INTERIM PAYMENTSINTERIM PAYMENTSNo amount will be paid until the Employer has received the Performance Security.No amount will be paid until the Employer has received the Performance Security.Employer shall pay within 28 days of invoice statement unlessEmployer shall pay within 28 days of invoice statement unless* if any thing supplied or work done by the Contractor is not in * if any thing supplied or work done by the Contractor is not in accordance with the contract;accordance with the contract;* if the contractor was or is failing to perform any work obligation in * if the contractor was or is failing to perform any work obligation in accordance with the Contract.accordance with the Contract.Subject to these adjustments and any correction to Payments made earlier, the net amount be released.Subject to these adjustments and any correction to Payments made earlier, the net amount be released.

14.714.7 TIMING OF PAYMENTSTIMING OF PAYMENTSThe Employer shall pay to the ContractorThe Employer shall pay to the Contractora. The first installment of the advance payment within 42 days after the date on which the Contract came into full a. The first installment of the advance payment within 42 days after the date on which the Contract came into full force or within 21 days after the receipt of performance security.force or within 21 days after the receipt of performance security.

* the amount which is due within 56 days after receiving the * the amount which is due within 56 days after receiving the Statement of Interim Payment.Statement of Interim Payment.* the final amount due, within 42 days after receiving the final * the final amount due, within 42 days after receiving the final statement.statement.

14.814.8 DELAYED PAYMENTDELAYED PAYMENTIf the contractor does not receive payment in accordance with timing or Payment, the Contractor shall be If the contractor does not receive payment in accordance with timing or Payment, the Contractor shall be entitled to receive financing charges compounded monthly on the amount unpaid during the period of delay.entitled to receive financing charges compounded monthly on the amount unpaid during the period of delay.Such financing charges to be 3% more than discount Rate of the Central Bank of that country.Such financing charges to be 3% more than discount Rate of the Central Bank of that country.

14.914.9 PAYMENT OF RETENTION MONEYPAYMENT OF RETENTION MONEYWhen the Taking-Over Certificate has been issued for the Works the first half of the Retention Money shall be When the Taking-Over Certificate has been issued for the Works the first half of the Retention Money shall be paid to the Contractor.paid to the Contractor.Promptly after the latest of the expiry dates of the Defects Notification Periods, the outstanding balance of the Promptly after the latest of the expiry dates of the Defects Notification Periods, the outstanding balance of the Retention Money shall be paid to the Contractor.Retention Money shall be paid to the Contractor.In case of completion in sections retention will be proportionate to unfinished portion.In case of completion in sections retention will be proportionate to unfinished portion.

14.1014.10 STATEMENT AT COMPLETIONSTATEMENT AT COMPLETIONWithin 84 days after receiving the Taking-Over Certificate for the Works, the Contractor shall submit to the Within 84 days after receiving the Taking-Over Certificate for the Works, the Contractor shall submit to the Employer six copies of a Statement at completion showingEmployer six copies of a Statement at completion showinga. The value of all work done up to the date stated in the Taking-Over a. The value of all work done up to the date stated in the Taking-Over Certificate.Certificate.b. Any further sums which the Contractor considers to be due.b. Any further sums which the Contractor considers to be due.c. An estimate of any other amounts due to him under the Contract.c. An estimate of any other amounts due to him under the Contract.

14.1114.11 APPLICATION FOR FINAL PAYMENTAPPLICATION FOR FINAL PAYMENTWithin 56 days after receiving the Performance Certificate, the Contractor shall submit a draft final statement Within 56 days after receiving the Performance Certificate, the Contractor shall submit a draft final statement showing showing * the value of all work done in accordance with the Contract; and* the value of all work done in accordance with the Contract; and* any further sums which the Contractor considers to be due.* any further sums which the Contractor considers to be due.

However, if following discussion between the parties it becomes evident that a dispute exists. Employer However, if following discussion between the parties it becomes evident that a dispute exists. Employer shall pay the agreed parts of the draft final statement prepared by the Contractor.shall pay the agreed parts of the draft final statement prepared by the Contractor.

14.1214.12 DISCHARGEDISCHARGEWhen submitting the Final Statement Contractor shall submit a written discharge that the total of the final When submitting the Final Statement Contractor shall submit a written discharge that the total of the final Statement represents full and final-settlement. This discharge shall be effective on receipt of balance Statement represents full and final-settlement. This discharge shall be effective on receipt of balance payments.payments.

14.1314.13 FINAL PAYMENTFINAL PAYMENTEmployer shall pay to the Contractor the amount which is finally due, less all amounts previously paid by Employer shall pay to the Contractor the amount which is finally due, less all amounts previously paid by the Employer any deductions in accordance with Sub-Clause 2.5 (Employer’s Claims)the Employer any deductions in accordance with Sub-Clause 2.5 (Employer’s Claims)

14.1414.14 CESSATION OF EMPLOYER’S LIABILITYCESSATION OF EMPLOYER’S LIABILITYThe Employer shall not liable to the contractor for any matter or thing under or in connection with the The Employer shall not liable to the contractor for any matter or thing under or in connection with the Contract execution of the Works.Contract execution of the Works.

14.1514.15 CURRENCIES OF PAYMENTCURRENCIES OF PAYMENTThe Contractor price shall be paid in the currency or currencies named in the Contract.The Contractor price shall be paid in the currency or currencies named in the Contract.* if the contract price was expressed in local currency only the extent * if the contract price was expressed in local currency only the extent of foreign currencies will be paid at pre fixed rate in the contractof foreign currencies will be paid at pre fixed rate in the contract* payment of the damages shall be made in the currencies specified * payment of the damages shall be made in the currencies specified in the particular conditionsin the particular conditions* other payments to the employer by the contractor shall be made in * other payments to the employer by the contractor shall be made in the currency in which the sum was expendedthe currency in which the sum was expended* if any amount payable by the contractor exceeds the sub payable by * if any amount payable by the contractor exceeds the sub payable by the Employer to the Contractor in that currency, the Employer may the Employer to the Contractor in that currency, the Employer may recover in other currenciesrecover in other currencies* if no rates of exchange are stated in the Contract they shall be those * if no rates of exchange are stated in the Contract they shall be those prevailing on the Base Date.prevailing on the Base Date.

15.015.0 Termination by EmployerTermination by Employer15.115.1 NOTICE TO CORRECTNOTICE TO CORRECT

The Contractor fails to carry out any obligation, employer may ask him to correct within specified time.The Contractor fails to carry out any obligation, employer may ask him to correct within specified time.15.215.2 TERMINATION BY EMPLOYERTERMINATION BY EMPLOYER

The Employer shall be entitled to terminate the Contract if the Contractor :The Employer shall be entitled to terminate the Contract if the Contractor :a. Fails to comply with Performance Security.a. Fails to comply with Performance Security.b. Abandons the worksb. Abandons the worksc. Without reasonable excuse fails to proceed with the worksc. Without reasonable excuse fails to proceed with the worksd. Subcontracts the whole of the works assigns without agreementd. Subcontracts the whole of the works assigns without agreemente. Becomes bankrupt or insolvent, goes into liquidation,e. Becomes bankrupt or insolvent, goes into liquidation,f. Offers to give to give any bribe, gift, gratuity, commission for going f. Offers to give to give any bribe, gift, gratuity, commission for going any action related to contract by inducement.any action related to contract by inducement.In any of these events Employer may, upon giving 14 days notice to the contractor, terminate the Contract In any of these events Employer may, upon giving 14 days notice to the contractor, terminate the Contract and expel the Contractor from the site. The contractor to leave by returning all documents and designs. and expel the Contractor from the site. The contractor to leave by returning all documents and designs. After termination, the Employer may complete the work. Employer to release all Contractor’s equipment and After termination, the Employer may complete the work. Employer to release all Contractor’s equipment and temporary work.temporary work.Contractor to remove all equipment unless it is detained by employer to recover payments due for Contractor to remove all equipment unless it is detained by employer to recover payments due for contractor. contractor.

15.315.3 VALUATION AT DATE OF TERMINATIONVALUATION AT DATE OF TERMINATIONEmployer to proceed with valuation on the date of termination to ascertain money due to contractor for work Employer to proceed with valuation on the date of termination to ascertain money due to contractor for work done till then.done till then.

15.415.4 PAYMENT AFTER TERMINATIONPAYMENT AFTER TERMINATIONAfter a notice of terminationAfter a notice of terminationa. Proceed in accordance with employer’s claims, a. Proceed in accordance with employer’s claims, b. Withhold further payments to the contractor until all costs incurred by the Employer, have been b. Withhold further payments to the contractor until all costs incurred by the Employer, have been established;established;c. Recover from the Contractor any losses and damages and any extra costs incurred by the employer.c. Recover from the Contractor any losses and damages and any extra costs incurred by the employer.

15.515.5 EMPLOYER’S ENTITLEMENT TO TERMINATIONEMPLOYER’S ENTITLEMENT TO TERMINATIONThe Employer shall be entitled to terminate the contract, at any time for to employer’s convenience. The The Employer shall be entitled to terminate the contract, at any time for to employer’s convenience. The termination shall take effect 28 days after the Contractor receives this notice or the employer returns the termination shall take effect 28 days after the Contractor receives this notice or the employer returns the Performance Security. Employer shall not terminate the Contract to do the works himself or to get the Performance Security. Employer shall not terminate the Contract to do the works himself or to get the work done by another contractor.work done by another contractor.

16.016.0 Suspension and Termination by ContractorSuspension and Termination by Contractor

16.116.1 CONTRACTOR’S ENTITLEMENT TO SUSPEND WORKCONTRACTOR’S ENTITLEMENT TO SUSPEND WORKIf the Employer fails to comply with Sub-Clause 2.4 (Employer’s Financial Arrangements) or (Timing of If the Employer fails to comply with Sub-Clause 2.4 (Employer’s Financial Arrangements) or (Timing of Payments) Contractor may, after giving not less than 21 days notice to suspend work (or reduce the Payments) Contractor may, after giving not less than 21 days notice to suspend work (or reduce the rate of doing work) until the Contractor has received the reasonable evidence or payment.rate of doing work) until the Contractor has received the reasonable evidence or payment.If the Contractor subsequently receives such evidence or payment the contractor shall resume normal If the Contractor subsequently receives such evidence or payment the contractor shall resume normal working.working.If the Contractor suffers delay and/or incurs cost as a result of suspending work contractors shall be If the Contractor suffers delay and/or incurs cost as a result of suspending work contractors shall be entitled to (Contractor’s Claims) toentitled to (Contractor’s Claims) toa. Extension of timea. Extension of timeb. Payment of Cost plus reasonable profitb. Payment of Cost plus reasonable profit

16.216.2 TERMINATION BY CONTRACTORTERMINATION BY CONTRACTORThe Employer shall be entitled to terminate the Contract if :The Employer shall be entitled to terminate the Contract if :* the contractor does not receive the evidence within 42 days after giving notice in respect (Employer’s * the contractor does not receive the evidence within 42 days after giving notice in respect (Employer’s financial Arrangements)financial Arrangements)* the Employer fails to perform his obligations under the Contract* the Employer fails to perform his obligations under the Contract* the Employer fails to comply with Sub-Clause 1.7 (Assignment)* the Employer fails to comply with Sub-Clause 1.7 (Assignment)* a prolonged suspension affects the whole of the works* a prolonged suspension affects the whole of the works* the Employer becomes bankrupt or insolvent, goes into liquidation* the Employer becomes bankrupt or insolvent, goes into liquidation

16.316.3 CESSATION OF WORK AND REMOVAL OF CONTRACTOR’S EQUIPMENTCESSATION OF WORK AND REMOVAL OF CONTRACTOR’S EQUIPMENTAfter a notice of terminationAfter a notice of terminationa. Cease all further worka. Cease all further workb. Hand over Contractor’s Documents, Plant, Materials for which the Contractor has received payment, b. Hand over Contractor’s Documents, Plant, Materials for which the Contractor has received payment, andandc. Remove all other Goods from the Site, except as necessary for safety.c. Remove all other Goods from the Site, except as necessary for safety.

16.416.4 PAYMENT ON TERMINATIONPAYMENT ON TERMINATIONAfter a notice of termination Employer shall promptly :After a notice of termination Employer shall promptly :a. Return the Performance Security to the Contractor,a. Return the Performance Security to the Contractor,b. Pay the Contractor in accordance with Optional Termination, b. Pay the Contractor in accordance with Optional Termination, Payment and Release.Payment and Release.c. Pay to the Contractor the amount of any loss of profit or other loss c. Pay to the Contractor the amount of any loss of profit or other loss or damage sustained by the Contractor as a result of this or damage sustained by the Contractor as a result of this termination.termination.

17.17. RISK AND RESPONSIBILITYRISK AND RESPONSIBILITY17.117.1 INDEMNITIESINDEMNITIES

The contractor shall indemnify the employer, from The contractor shall indemnify the employer, from all claim, damages, losses in all claim, damages, losses in respect ofrespect ofa)a) bodily injury, diseases or death, of any person by reason of the design, bodily injury, diseases or death, of any person by reason of the design,

execution & completion of the works,execution & completion of the works,b)b) damage to loss property, arising out of design, execution and completion damage to loss property, arising out of design, execution and completion

of of works but not due to any in negligence or breach of contract works but not due to any in negligence or breach of contract by employer. by employer.

17.217.2 CONTRACTORS CARE OF THE WORKCONTRACTORS CARE OF THE WORKThe contractor shall take full responsibility for the The contractor shall take full responsibility for the care of the works from the care of the works from the commencement date until the taking over certificate is issued. After taking over, commencement date until the taking over certificate is issued. After taking over, responsibility or care shall pass on the responsibility or care shall pass on the employer. If any loss or damage employer. If any loss or damage

happens to happens to the works during the period the works during the period when the contractor is responsible he shall rectify when the contractor is responsible he shall rectify the the loss or damage at the contractor’s risk and cost. The contractor shall continue to loss or damage at the contractor’s risk and cost. The contractor shall continue to be be liable for “actions” taken by him before or after taking over certificate.liable for “actions” taken by him before or after taking over certificate.

17.317.3 EMPLOYER’S RISKSEMPLOYER’S RISKSThe risks referred to in sub-clause 17.4 below are:The risks referred to in sub-clause 17.4 below are:(a)(a) War, hostilitiesWar, hostilities(b)(b) rebellion, terrorism, military or usurped rebellion, terrorism, military or usurped power, civil war, within the power, civil war, within the

country,country,(c)(c) Riot, disorder within the country by persons other than the Riot, disorder within the country by persons other than the

contractor’s contractor’s personnel.personnel.

(d)(d) Munitions of war, explosive materials, ionizing Munitions of war, explosive materials, ionizing radiation, contamination by radiation, contamination by radio-radio- activity, within the country,activity, within the country,(e)(e) pressure waves caused by aircraft or other aerial pressure waves caused by aircraft or other aerial devices.devices.

17.417.4 CONSEQUENCES OF EMPLOYER’S RISKSCONSEQUENCES OF EMPLOYER’S RISKS

The contractor shall rectify above loss or damage to the extent required by the The contractor shall rectify above loss or damage to the extent required by the employer. If the contractor employer. If the contractor suffers delay and/or incurs cost from rectifying this loss suffers delay and/or incurs cost from rectifying this loss

or damage, contractor shall be entitled to an extension or damage, contractor shall be entitled to an extension of time and cost.of time and cost.

17.517.5 INTELLECTUAL AND INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.INTELLECTUAL AND INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.The employer shall indemnify the contractor from any claim alleging an The employer shall indemnify the contractor from any claim alleging an infringement which is due to compliance by contractor of employers’ infringement which is due to compliance by contractor of employers’

requirement or requirement or use of works for purpose stated in the contract.use of works for purpose stated in the contract.The contractor shall indemnify the employer against any claim which arises out The contractor shall indemnify the employer against any claim which arises out

of of contractor’s design, construction or execution.contractor’s design, construction or execution.

17.617.6 LIMITATION OF LIABILITYLIMITATION OF LIABILITYThe total liability of the contractor to the employer, under the contract shall not The total liability of the contractor to the employer, under the contract shall not exceed contract price except for services rendered by employer at cost. This exceed contract price except for services rendered by employer at cost. This limit to liability shall not apply in case of fraud, deliberate default or misconduct.limit to liability shall not apply in case of fraud, deliberate default or misconduct.

18.18. INSURANCEINSURANCE18.118.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INSURANCE GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INSURANCE Wherever the contractor is Wherever the contractor is

the insuring party, each insurance shall be effected in terms approved by the insuring party, each insurance shall be effected in terms approved by the employer. This agreement of terms shall take precedence over the employer. This agreement of terms shall take precedence over

provisions provisions of this clause. of this clause.

Wherever the employer is the insuring party, each insurance shall be Wherever the employer is the insuring party, each insurance shall be effected in effected in terms consistent with the details annexed to the particular conditions.terms consistent with the details annexed to the particular conditions.

Each insurance related to compensation received, shall be in currencies Each insurance related to compensation received, shall be in currencies required to rectify the damage and the payments received shall be used required to rectify the damage and the payments received shall be used

for for rectification onlyrectification only..

The relevant insuring party shall submit to the other party:The relevant insuring party shall submit to the other party:(a)(a) Evidence that the insurances have been effected.Evidence that the insurances have been effected.(b)(b) Copies of the policies for the insurance.Copies of the policies for the insurance.

Neither party shall make any material alteration to the terms of any Neither party shall make any material alteration to the terms of any insurance insurance without the prior without the prior approval of the other party.approval of the other party.

If the insuring party fails to effect and keep in force any of the insurance it If the insuring party fails to effect and keep in force any of the insurance it is is required to effect. The other party may effect insurance for the relevant required to effect. The other party may effect insurance for the relevant

coverage. The insuring party shall pay the amount of these premiums coverage. The insuring party shall pay the amount of these premiums to the to the other party, and the contract price shall be adjusted accordingly. other party, and the contract price shall be adjusted accordingly.

Nothing in this clause limits the obligations, liabilities or responsibilities of the contractor or Nothing in this clause limits the obligations, liabilities or responsibilities of the contractor or the employer. Any amounts not insured or not recovered shall be borne by the contractor the employer. Any amounts not insured or not recovered shall be borne by the contractor and / or the employer. In case insuring party fails to keep in force an insurance any monies and / or the employer. In case insuring party fails to keep in force an insurance any monies due under insurance claim, will be paid the insuring party.due under insurance claim, will be paid the insuring party.

18.218.2 INSURANCE FOR WORKS AND CONTRACTORS INSURANCE FOR WORKS AND CONTRACTORS EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT..The insuring party shall insure the works, plant, materials for not less than the full The insuring party shall insure the works, plant, materials for not less than the full

reinstatement cost. This insurance shall be until the date of issue of the taking-reinstatement cost. This insurance shall be until the date of issue of the taking- over over certificate for the work.certificate for the work.

The insuring party to maintain cover until the issue of performance certificate, for The insuring party to maintain cover until the issue of performance certificate, for reasons prior to taking over certificate.reasons prior to taking over certificate.

The insuring party shall insure the contractor’s equipment for not less than the full The insuring party shall insure the contractor’s equipment for not less than the full replacement value, the insurance shall be effective while it is being transported to the replacement value, the insurance shall be effective while it is being transported to the site site until it is no longer required as contractor’s equipment at until it is no longer required as contractor’s equipment at site.site.

Insurance under this sub-clause:Insurance under this sub-clause:(a)(a) Shall be effected and maintained by the contractorShall be effected and maintained by the contractor(b)(b) Shall be in the joint names of the parties.Shall be in the joint names of the parties.(c)(c) Shall cover all loss and damage from any cause not listed employer’s risks.Shall cover all loss and damage from any cause not listed employer’s risks.

Such insurance may however exclude loss or damages due to:Such insurance may however exclude loss or damages due to:i.i. Part of the works which is defective due to a defect in its design, materials or Part of the works which is defective due to a defect in its design, materials or

workmanship.workmanship.ii.ii. A part of the works which is damaged in order to reinstate any other part of the A part of the works which is damaged in order to reinstate any other part of the

works due to a defect in its design, materials or workmanship.works due to a defect in its design, materials or workmanship.iii.iii. A part of the works which has been taken over by the employer.A part of the works which has been taken over by the employer.Iv.Iv. Goods while they are not in the country.Goods while they are not in the country.

If after one year from base date of contract, the insurance cover is not available at If after one year from base date of contract, the insurance cover is not available at commercially reasonable rate, contractor can be asked to compensate for employer’s commercially reasonable rate, contractor can be asked to compensate for employer’s claim towards full insurance requirement.claim towards full insurance requirement.

18.318.3 INSURANCE AGAINST INJURY TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO PROPERTYINSURANCE AGAINST INJURY TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO PROPERTYInsurance against each party's liability to claims beyond sub clause 18.2 and 18.4 Insurance against each party's liability to claims beyond sub clause 18.2 and 18.4

Applicable to works, contractor’s equipment and personnel shall be effected and Applicable to works, contractor’s equipment and personnel shall be effected and maintained by the contractor in the joint name of both parties including loss of maintained by the contractor in the joint name of both parties including loss of employer’s employer’s property.property.

18.418.4 INSURANCE FOR CONTRACTOR’S PERSONNELINSURANCE FOR CONTRACTOR’S PERSONNELThe contractor shall effect and maintain insurance against liability for claims, The contractor shall effect and maintain insurance against liability for claims,

damages, losses and from injury, disease or death of any person employed by the damages, losses and from injury, disease or death of any person employed by the Contractor. The employer’s personnel shall also be Contractor. The employer’s personnel shall also be

indemnified under the policy of insurance. The insurance shall be maintained in full force during the whole time that these personnel are assisting in the execution of the works except to the extent of neglect by employer’s personnel. Contractor shall remain responsible for compliance by sub-contractor.

19. FORCE MAJEURE

19.1 DEFINITION OF FORCE MAJEURE

in this clause, “Force Majeure” means an exceptional event or circumstance beyond party’s control, unavoidable, and not provided for.

Force Majeure may include,i. War, hostilities.ii. Rebellion, terrorism, military or usurped power or civil war.iii. Riot, disorder, strike, lockout by persons other than the contractor’s

personnel.iv. Munitions of war, ionising radiation, contamination.v. Natural catastrophes.

19.2 NOTICE OF FORCE MAJEURE

If a party is prevented from performing its obligation, a Notice of Force Majeure is given within 14 days of effects. This shall not apply to making payment to the other party when it ceases to be affected by the force majeure.

19.3 DUTY TO MINIMISE DELAY

Each party shall minimize any delay in the performance of the contract. A party shall give notice to the other party when it ceases to be affected by the force majeure.

19.4 CONSEQUENCES OF FORCE MAJEURE

Contractor can claim due to Force Majeue conditions:

(a) An extension of time.(b) Payment of any such Cost.

19.5 FORCE MAJEURE AFFECTING SUBCONTRACTOR

Contractor cannot claim relief broader than specified here, due to F.M. claims of sub contractor. If delay in execution due to F.M. exceeds 84 days or 140 days for multiple reason, then either party may give to the other, notice of termination of 7 days.

20. CLAIMS, DISPUTES AND ARBITRATION

20.1 CONTRACTORS CLAIMS

If the contractors himself to be entitled to any extension of the time for completion and/or any additional payment, the contractor shall give notice to the employer,

describing the event or circumstance giving rise to the claim. The notice shall be given not later than 28 days after the contractor become aware.

If the contractor fails to give notice of a claim within such period of 28 days, then employer shall be discharged from any liability in this connection.

Within 42 days after the contractor become aware of the event giving rise to the claim the contractor shall send to the employer a fully detailed claim the employer shall

respond with approval, or with disapproval and detailed comments.

Each interim payment shall include such amounts for any claim as have been reasonably substantiated as due under the relevant provision of the contract.

20.2 APPOINTMENT OF THE DISPUTE ADJUDICATION BOARD

Disputes shall be adjudicated by a DAB in accordance with sub-clause 20.4 (Obtaining Dispute Adjudication Board’s Decision). The parties shall jointly appoint a DAB by the

Date 28 days after a party gives notice to the other party of its intention to refer a dispute of DAB.

The DAB shall comprise either one or three suitably qualified persons.

If the DAB is to comprise of three persons, each party shall nominate one member. The parties shall consult both these members and shall agree upon the third member, who shall be appointed to act as chairman.

The terms of the remuneration of either the sole member of each of three members shall be mutually agreed upon. The appointment of any member may be terminated by mutual agreement.

20.3 FAILURE TO AGREE DISPUTE ADJUDICATION BOARD

If parties fail to agree upon the appointment, then the appointing entity or official named in the particular conditions shall appoint this member of the DAB. This appointment shall be final and conclusive.

20.4 OBRAINING DISPUTE ADJUDICATION BOARD’S DECISION

If a dispute arise between the parties in connection with the contract either party may refer the dispute in writing to the DAB for its decision.

Both parties shall promptly make available to the DAB all information, access to the site, and appropriate facilities. The DAB shall be deemed to be not acting as

arbitrator's.

Within 84 days after receiving such reference alongwith advance payment for services DAB shall give its decision, which shall be reasoned and shall state that it is given under this sub-clause. The decision shall be binding on both parties, who shall promptly give effect to it unless and until it shall be revised in an amicable settlement or an arbitral award as described below.

If either party is dissatisfied with the DAB’s decision, then either party may, within 28 days after receiving the decision, give notice to the other party of its dissatisfaction.

Neither party shall be entitled to commence arbitration of a dispute unless a notice of dissatisfaction has been given in accordance with this sub-clause.

If the DAB has given its decision as to a matter in dispute to both parties, and no notice of dissatisfaction has been given by either party within 28 days after it received the DAB’s decision, then the decision shall become final and binding upon both parties.

20.5 AMICABLE SETTLEMENTParties shall attempt to settle the dispute amicably before the commencement of arbitration.

20.6 ARBITRATIONUnless settled amicably, any dispute in respect of which the DAB’s decision has not become final and binding shall be finally settled by international arbitration under the rules of arbitration of the International chamber of commerce.

20.7 FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH DISPUTE ADJUDICATION BOARD’S DECISIONIf Dab’s decision not contested by both parties but is not honored, then this issue can be taken arbitration for settlement.

If DAB appointment has expired, the dispute may be refereed directly to arbitration.

AN INTRODUCTION TO FIDIC AN INTRODUCTION TO FIDIC CONDITIONS OF CONTRACTCONDITIONS OF CONTRACT

PART – (TWO)PART – (TWO)

FORFOR

E.P.C./ TURNKETY PROJECTSE.P.C./ TURNKETY PROJECTS

Presented byPresented byProf. Ajit PatwardhanProf. Ajit Patwardhan

Guidance for the Preparation of Particular ConditionsGuidance for the Preparation of Particular Conditions NTRODUCTION FOR INTERNATIONAL BIDS OF EPC/TURNKEY NTRODUCTION FOR INTERNATIONAL BIDS OF EPC/TURNKEY PROJECTSPROJECTS

The terms of the Conditions of Contract for EPC/Turnkey Projects have been prepared by FIDIC and are recommended where one entity takes total responsibility for an engineering project, including design, manufacture, delivery and installation of plant and the design and execution of building or engineering works, tenders having been invited on an international basis. Modifications to the Conditions may be required if they are to be used on domestic contact.

Notes on the Preparation of Tender Documents.

The tender documents should be prepared by suitably qualified engineers and a review by suitably qualified lawyers may be advisable.

The Employer’s Requirements should specify the particular requirements for the completed works on a functional basis, including detailed requirements on quality and scope.

The Instructions to tenderers may need to specify the extent of other information which each tenderer is to include with his tender. The instructions may include matters referred to in some or all of the following sub-clauses.

4.34.3 Contractor’s Representative (name and curriculum vitae)Contractor’s Representative (name and curriculum vitae)4.94.9 Quality Assurance SystemQuality Assurance System9.19.1 Tests on CompletionTests on Completion12.112.1 Tests after CompletionTests after Completion1818 InsurancesInsurances2020 Resolution of disputesResolution of disputes

Turnkey contracts typically include design, construction, fixtures, fittings and equipment (f.f.e.), the scope of which should be defined in the employer’s requirements, such as the extent to which the works are to be fully equipped, ready for operation, with spare part and consumables provided for operation for a specified period. In addition, the Contractor may be required to operate the works, either for a few months’ trial operation period under sub-clause 9.1 © or for some year’s operation.

Consideration may be given to offering some remuneration to tenderers, if, in order to provide a responsive tender, they have to undertake studies of carry out design work of a conceptual nature.

CLAUSE 1 : GENERAL PROVISIONSThe Particular Conditions should specify the time for Completion for the Works and the Defects Notification Period.

Cost plus reasonable profit allowed for some items may be specified with particular percentage.

CLAUSE 2 : THE EMPLOYERThe employer to specify when the right of access to site will be available. Contractor may need early access for survey and sub-surface investigation.

CLAUSE 3:THE EMPLOYER’S ADMINISTRATIONAlthough the employer is not required to appoint a representative, such an appointment may assist the employer’s administration. If the employer wishes to appoint an independent consulting engineer as the employer’s representative, he may be named in the particular conditions.

CLAUSE 4 : THE CONTRACTORContractor’s representative may be named in tender with alternative names if delay is foreseen in the Award.

If the works included tunneling or other substantial sub-surface construction, it is usually preferable for the risk of unforessen ground conditions to be allocated to the employer.

CLAUSE 5 : DESIGNIf the employer’s requirements include an outline design, tenderers should be advised of the extent to which the outline design is a suggestion or a requirement. If this sub-clause is considered for plant and design-build may be preferred.

CLAUSE 6 : STAFF AND LABOURIf the ruling language is not the same as the language for day to day communications, contractor shall have a sufficient number of competent interpreters available on site during all working hours.

The contractor may import any personnel who are necessary. The contractor must ensure that these personnel are provided with the required residence visas and work permits. In the event of the death, contractor shall similarly be responsible for their return or burial.

CLAUSE 7: PLANT, MATERIALS & WORKMANSHIPIf the contract is being financed by an institution whose rules or policies require a restriction on the use of its funds regarding origin of goods..

CLAUSE 8 : COMMENCEMENT, DELAYS AND SUSPENSIONUnder many legal systems, the amount of these pre-defined damages must represent a reasonable pre-estimate of the employer’s probable loss in the event of delay. The particular conditions should specify the daily sum, for the works and for each section, expressed either as an amount or as a percentage.

The dates for bonus due may be fixed and will not apply to any extended dates if granted by employer for completion of works.

CLAUSE 9 : TEST ON COMPLETION

The wording in the sub-paragraphs includes the conditions which are typically applicable for a plant contract, but may required amendment to trial operation, during which any product produced by the works becomes the property of the employer for disposal or selling it.

In case of failure to pass test on completion, minimum performance criteria should also be specified by the employer.

CLAUSE 10: EMPLOYER’S TAKING OVERIf the Works are to be taken over in stages, which is unusual under a turnkey contract, these stages should be defined.

CLAUSE 11 : DEFECTS LIABILITY (Unfulfilled obligations)It may be necessary to review this sub clause in relation to the period of liability under the applicable law.

CLAUSE 12: TEST AFTER COMPLETIONIn an EPC turnkey project, the contractor is typically required to prove the reliability and performance of the plant during the test on completion.

Exceptionally, it may be considered necessary for tests after completion to be carried out, after the employer has taken over and operated the works, so that the guaranteed performance can be demonstrated under normal operating conditions.

CLAUSE 13: VARIATIONS AND ADJUSTMENTS The employer may instruct the variation under sub-clause 13.1;(a) The contractor may initiate his own proposals under sub-clause 13.2;

(b) The employer may request a proposal under sub-clause 13.3.

Although generally inappropriate for this type of contract, a Provisional Sum may be necessary to cover goods which the employer wants to select.

Provision for adjustments may be required if it would be unreasonable for the contractor to bear the risk of escalating costs due to inflation.

Wording for provisions for adjustment may be based on FIDIC book for plant and design-build.

CLAUSE 14: CONTRACT PRICE AND PAYMENT

Normally, this type of contract is based on a lump sum price. The contractor thus takes the risk of changes in cost arising from his design.

In order to value variations, tenders may be required to be accompanied by detailed price breakdowns, including quantities, unit rates and other pricing information. However, the information may not have been priced competitively. The employer must, therefore, decide whether he will accept being bound by the tenderer’s breakdown.

All goods imported by the contractor into the country shall be exempt from customs and other import duties.If exemption is not granted, the customs duties payable and paid shall be reimbursed by the employer.Expatriate (foreign) personnel shall not be liable for income tax levied in the country on subsistence, rentals and similar services.

The employer shall seek exemption for the purpose of this sub-clause. If it is not granted, the relevant taxes paid shall be reimbursed by the employer. If the contractor is to provide major items of plant, consideration should be given to the benefits of stage payments during manufacture. The employer may consider it advisable to have some form of security, since these payments would not relate to anything in his possession.The general conditions contain provision for interim payments to the contractor, which may be based on

a) An amount (or percentage of the estimated final contract price) could be entered for each hree-month (or other ) period or

b) The schedule could be based on actual progress achieved in executing the works, which necessitates careful definition of the payment milestones.

Financing ArrangementsFor major contracts there may be a need to secure finance from entities such as aid agencies, development banks, export credit agencies, other international financing institutions. Particular Conditions may need to incorporate its special requirements. This requirements may includea. Prohibition from discrimination;

b. Contract is subject to a widely-accepted neural law;

c. Provision for arbitration under recognized international rules and at a neutral location;

d. Giving the contractor the right suspend/terminate the event of default under the financing arrangements;

e. Restricting the fight to reject plant;

f. Specifying the payments due in the event of termination;

g. Specifying that the contract does not become effective;

h. Obliging the employer to make payments from his own resources if the funds under the financing arrangements are insufficient.

The above arrangements (involving financing institutions (s), employer, and Contractor) may be initiated by the Employer; or by the Contractor, before submitting the Tender.

Alternatively, the Contractor may be prepared to initiate financing arrangements and retain responsibility for them, such Financial Institutions might require the Employer to make interim payments although a large proportion of the Contract price might be withheld until the Works are complete.

CLAUSE 15: TERMINATION BY EMPLOYERBefore inviting tenders, the Employer should verify anticipated ground for termination, is consistent with the law governing the Contract.

CLAUSE 16: SUSPENSION AND TERMINATION BY CONTRACTORBefore submitting tenders, the Contractor should verify that each anticipated ground for termination is consistent with such law.

CLAUSE 17: RISK AND RESPONSIBILITYThe Contractor shall take full responsibility for the care of the items of use or occupation by the Contractor, upto the respective dates of hand-over or cessation of occupation.

If any loss or damage happens to any of the above items, the Contractor shall, at his won cost, rectify the loss or damage to the satisfaction of the Employer.

CLAUSE 18: INSURANCEInsurances provided by the Contractor are to be consistent with the general terms agreed with the Employer.

If the Employer is to arrange any of the insurances under this Clause, the tender documents should include details as an annex to the Particular Conditions, so that tenderers can estimate what other insurances they wish to have for their own protection.

CLAUSE 19: FORCE MAJEUREBefore inviting tenders, the Employers should verify that the wording of this Clause is compatible with the law governing the Contract.

CLAUSE 20 : CLAIMS, DISPUTES AND ARBITRATIONThe contract should include provisions which, whilst not discouraging the Parties from reaching agreement on disputes as the works proceed, allow them to refer contentious matters to an impartial dispute adjudication board (“DAB”). The appointment of the DAB may be facilitated by including an agreed list of potential members in the Contract.

The provisions of this Sub-Clause for Amicable Settlement are intended to encourage the parties to settle a dispute amicably, by direct negotiation,

Conciliation, mediation or other forms of alternative dispute resolution.

In international construction contracts, international commercial arbitration has numerous advantages over litigation in national courts, and may be more acceptable to the Parties.

If the UNCITRAL arbitration rules are preferred, it may be necessary to designate, in the Particular Condition, as institution to appoint the arbitrators.

For major projects tendered internationally, it is desirable that the place of arbitration be situated in a country other than that of the Employer or Contractor. This country should have a modern and liberal arbitration law and should have ratified a bilateral or multilateral convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards.