An Introduction to Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) · undergroundthermalenergystorage +44 (0)...

undergroundthermalenergystorage www.iftech.co.uk +44 (0) 203 176 7850

An Introduction to Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage

(ATES)

Rehau Workshop– 31st May 2012


ATES is a system which utilises Inter-Seasonal Heat Storage. This involves the storage of excess energy from summer for use in winter heating applications, and the storage of cooling potential from winter for free cooling in summer.

- ‘Open loop’ – Water wells abstract water

directly from a suitable aquifer and

recharge the aquifer.

- Best value where suitable aquifer exists.

The Principle


ATES – Hydrogeological Information


ATES


Important Parameters

• Sustainable groundwater flow rate achievable: >40m3/hr deemed good

• Well locations – Preferably > 70m between Warm & Cold wells, >20m between cold & cold

and warm & warm.

• Flow velocity and direction very important to well orientation. Modelling best to be

undertaken as early as possible and preferably with site investigation data.


Important Parameters

• Remember hydraulic as well as thermal effects.

• Clustering vs cross placed.


Well Housings - Options

Above Ground Well Housing

Exposed Well housing


Well Housings - Options

Well Head works within the

housing

Below Ground Well Housing

Below Ground Well Housing


Mechanical Plant Room - Example

SKID mounted equipment

Typical Layout HP & HP SKID


ATES Characteristics

• Renewable energy source providing cooling & heating.

• Low energy, Low risk, proven technology.

• Cost effective.

• Carbon emissions reduction up to 60%.


When?


Applications

• 250 KW and upwards heating and cooling

• Best where both heating and cooling exist

• Suits residential, commercial, educational, and mixed use or community

systems


Large Scale Mixed Use:


Applications

• Advantageous for an Energy Service Company ( ESCO) application

• Can work in conjunction with CHP

• Opportunity to use new buildings with net cooling requirements to meet

heat demands of existing buildings with net heating requirements, in a low

carbon Urban Heat Sharing network.


Where?


Feasibility Map

• IFTech map Indicates general areas of

“High”, “Good” and “Poor” aquifer

suitability.

• Software designed in house.

• Gives transmissivity values from

existing borehole data.

• Grid reference search enables us to

assess exact locations.


Current ATES Installations


Major ATES applications in Europe

Country # of ATES projects (ca)

Aquifer type Major application

Belgium 10 Sand/Chalk Hospitals

Denmark 10 Sand/gravel, chalk

Industrial

Netherlands 700 Sand Large buildings

Sweden 70 Chalk, sand/gravel

Large buildings


Current ATES Developments

The Gelredome, Arnhem

• Home of Vitesse Arnhem Football Club • Pitch can be “removed” to external

position during events • Major concert and events venue • Pitch Heating • Heating & Cooling to offices and stadium



Passenger Terminal “Oostelijke Handelskade” Amsterdam

• Cold storage: 3,500 kW • Operational since: 2000



Eindhoven University

• Cooling capacity ATES: 20 MWt

• Max groundwater flow: 2000 m3/h

• No. of wells: 2 x 16


Current UK Developments

• 250 kW Heating & Cooling

Westway Beacons

• The project comprises construction of five buildings with a total of 130 dwellings.

• 25 m3/hr yield.



• Wandsworth Riverside Quarter – Phase 3:

• Mixed use residential and commercial scheme in Wandsworth

• 8 wells, 3.2 MW cooling capacity.

• 70m3/h yield per well



• Tideway Wharf: Large Residential Scheme in Battersea.

• 8 wells, 2.8 MW cooling capacity.

• 1 Test well complete - construction to commence in Q4 2012



National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London.

• 400kW Cooling new South West Wing.

• 2 wells plus greywater well.


Monitored Performance example


• New hospital, 400 beds

• ATES/HP system

• Cooling/pre-heating ventilation air

• Operational since August 2000

Klina Hospital-1

Slide: VITO, 2007

• One set of wells @ 100 m3/h

• Well depth = 65 m

• Borehole diameter = 800 mm

• Well separation distance = 100 m

http://www.klina.be/images/gebouw2.gif


Klina hospital-3

Slide: VITO, 2007

0,00

5,00

10,00

15,00

20,00

25,00

30,00

17

/01

/05

13

:30

26

/01

/05

12

:30

04

/02

/05

09

:30

13

/02

/05

06

:30

22

/02

/05

03

:30

03

/03

/05

01

:00

11

/03

/05

22

:30

20

/03

/05

19

:30

29

/03

/05

17

:30

07

/04

/05

14

:30

16

/04

/05

12

:30

25

/04

/05

09

:30

04

/05

/05

06

:30

13

/05

/05

04

:00

22

/05

/05

01

:00

30

/05

/05

22

:00

08

/06

/05

19

:00

17

/06

/05

17

:00

26

/06

/05

14

:00

05

/07

/05

11

:00

14

/07

/05

08

:00

23

/07

/05

05

:00

01

/08

/05

06

:00

10

/08

/05

03

:30

19

/08

/05

00

:30

27

/08

/05

21

:30

05

/09

/05

18

:30

14

/09

/05

15

:30

23

/09

/05

12

:30

02

/10

/05

09

:30

11

/10

/05

07

:00

20

/10

/05

04

:00

29

/10

/05

03

:30

07

/11

/05

00

:30

15

/11

/05

21

:30

24

/11

/05

19

:00

Te

mp

era

ture

[°C

]

Temperature cold well

Temperature warm well



Klina hospital-4

Evaluation 2003 – 2004 – 2005

• Total cooling demand = 1789 MWh

• ATES-cooling (direct) = 1394 MWh (78 %)

• HP-cooling = 395 MWh (22 %)

• Energy saving on cooling = 76 % (SPF = 14.8)

• total heat demand = 2841 MWh

• ATES-heating (direct) = 534 MWh (19%)

• HP-heating = 2307 MWh (81 %)

• Energy saving on heating = 39 % (SPF = 5.5)

• CO2 emission reduction against base case = 63 %

Slide: VITO, 2007



Why?


Advantages

• ATES is classed as a renewable technology.

• Ability to produce low energy “direct cooling” (no heat pump energy)

utilising lower cooling water temperatures from the “Cold Store”.

• Eliminates the requirement for conventional chiller plant.

• Higher system Co-efficient of performance (COP) on heating due to

increased “Warm store” temperatures compared with conventional ground

source heat pump application.

• Heating COP ~ 6

• Cooling COP ~ 10-40

• Therefore lower energy use and lower emissions.


Advantages

• “Architect friendly technology”

• Small plant room footprint.

• Can link in with standard building mechanical services heating and cooling

systems such as under floor heating, chilled beams, fan coil units etc.

• Client can become a ‘seller’ of heat or coolth.

• Low maintenance.

• In ATES systems, there is no net depletion of the aquifer.

• There is no change in temperature profiles for ATES for combined cold and low

temperature heat storage.


Thank you for your attention

Any Questions?

web: www.iftech.co.uk

email: [email protected]

tel: 0203 1767850

An Introduction to Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) · undergroundthermalenergystorage +44 (0)...

Documents

Transcript of An Introduction to Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) · undergroundthermalenergystorage +44 (0)...