AMRC Creativity Workshop - Dr Dermot Breslin
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Transcript of AMRC Creativity Workshop - Dr Dermot Breslin
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Learning to be Creative
Dr Dermot Breslin
,Work, Organisation & Employment Relations Research Centre,
Sheffield University Management School
www.learningtoevolve.com
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Creativity and Unconscious ThoughtCreativity and Unconscious Thought
Unconscious thought during an ‘incubation’ period has a
positive influence on creativity
• Passive View: Forgetting ideas or putting them aside
reduces erroneous associations forming, and allows new
ones to take hold (Schooler & Melcher, 1995; Smith & ones to take hold (Schooler & Melcher, 1995; Smith &
Blankship, 1989)
• Active View: In active unconscious thought, the individual
continues to think about the problem in the absence of any
conscious attention (Dijksterhuis, 2004; Dijsterhuis &
Nordgren, 2006), with information being reorganized
through associations.
Dermot Breslin, Sheffield University Management School
Creativity Workshops
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Unconscious Thought and Unconscious Thought and MindwanderingMindwandering
Unconscious thought can be triggered when one engages in
low cognitive demand tasks during incubation (Smallwood
et al., 2009)
Performing a low demand task during
Dermot Breslin, Sheffield University Management School
Creativity Workshops
Performing a low demand task during
incubation increases creativity by
40%, compared resting during
incubation (no change) and no break
cases (20% decrease) (Baird et al.,
2012)
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Creativity in GroupsCreativity in Groups
• Brainstorming (Osborn, 1953)
• Quantity not quality – the more ideas the better chance of
finding a good one
• Groups are less productive idea generators (Diehl and
Dermot Breslin, Sheffield University Management School
Creativity Workshops
• Groups are less productive idea generators (Diehl and
Stroebe, 1987)
• Production blocking
• Free riding
• Evaluation Apprehension
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Experimental Studies at Sheffield University Experimental Studies at Sheffield University
Management SchoolManagement School
• 225 students divided into 45 groups of 5 students
• Groups completed two Unusual Uses Tasks (UUT) – in each
task groups asked to generate as many unusual uses as possible
for a common object within a set amount of time (Baird et al.,
2012).
Dermot Breslin, Sheffield University Management School
Creativity Workshops
2012).
• Between tasks groups
experienced three different 5
minute incubation interventions
– high cognitive demand, low
cognitive and rest case
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The Effect of MindThe Effect of Mind--wandering on Group wandering on Group
CreativityCreativity
High Effort
Low Effort
Case +46%Rest Case Case +34%
Dermot Breslin, Sheffield University Management School
Creativity Workshops
Rest Case
+23%
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The Effect of Time of Day on Group CreativityThe Effect of Time of Day on Group Creativity
Dermot Breslin, Sheffield University Management School
Creativity Workshops
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Creativity and Our Daily RoutinesCreativity and Our Daily Routines
Dermot Breslin, Sheffield University Management School
Creativity Workshops
Source: “Daily rituals” by Mason Currey
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Creativity and Our Daily RoutinesCreativity and Our Daily Routines
Dermot Breslin, Sheffield University Management School
Creativity Workshops
Source: “Daily rituals” by Mason Currey
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Learning to be CreativeLearning to be Creative
• Nature of Incubation Task
• Timing of Incubation
• Duration of Incubation Period
• Incubation Frequency
Dermot Breslin, Sheffield University Management School
Creativity Workshops