AMPHIBIANS

BIRDS

SHRUBS

FISHES

INSECTS

INVERTEBRATES

MAMMALS

REPTILES

VERTEBRATES

DECIDUOUS FORESTS

EVERGREEN FORESTS

MANGROVE FORESTS

CONIFEROUS FORESTS

THRON FORESTS

GRASSLAND ECOSYTEM

GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM

•A wide range of landscapes, in which the vegetation is predominantly grasses and small annual plants •FLORA & FAUNA: Grasses, herbs and several species of insects, birds and mammals

TYPES OF INDIAN GRASSLANDS

• Himalayan pasture• Terai grassland• Semi-arid grassland• Shola grassland

HIMALAYAN PASTURE

TERAI GRASSLAND

SEMI-ARID GRASSLAND

SHOLA GRASSLANDS

Uses of Grasslands:• Grazing for cattle• Fodder for cattle in summer seasons• Grass for thatching houses and farm-sheds• Thorny bushes, tree branches as fuel wood• Insects pollinate crops• Predator Carnivores control insect pests &

help crops

DESERT ECOSYSTEM

DESERTS IN INDIA

• Located in western India and Deccan plateau• LADAKH (Cold desert located in Himalayas)• THAR Desert (Extremely dry Climate )• It has sand dunes• Too low rainfall-once every few years• Vegetation- Sparse grasses, few shrubs

thorny trees such kher & babul

RUNN OF KUTCH

• These are ARID Ecosystems• In summer they are similar to Desert

landscape• They get converted to salt marshes during the

monsoons

During monsoons attract no of birds such as GEESE, CRANES

STORKS

Animals in Desert Ecosystems

• Insects• Reptiles• Rare animals include