Reptiles and Amphibians ppt

7/27/2019 Reptiles and Amphibians ppt

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Reptiles and Amphibians

A Presentation From:


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Reptiles


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There are 6,800 reptile species on earth.The major reptile groups are:

Alligators and Crocodiles

Turtles and Tortoises

Snakes

Lizards


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Reptiles are Vertebrates

They have an internal skeleton with a backbone.


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Reptiles have tough, dry, scaly skin made of keratin (what fingernails are

made of) that protects them from drying out. The large scales of turtles,tortoises, and crocodilians are called scutes.

Reptiles Have

Dry, Scaly Skin


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Reptiles shed their skin to grow bigger.

Snakes shed their skin all in one piece, turning it inside out as

they shed. The skin is left in one piece and looks like a tube.An adult snake will shed two to five times a year. A young

snake will shed more often as it grows faster.

Most lizards shed their skin in pieces. That often begins with

the skin splitting down the lizards back. A rapidly growing

lizard might shed every two weeks. Legless lizards shed theirskins like a snake.

Corn Snake

shedding its skin

Leopard Gecko

shedding its skin

Green Anole

lizard eating its

shed skin


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Crocodiles and alligators have large scales (scutes), which

are shed individually .

A turtles skin is shed like a lizards. The hard shells ofmost turtles are not shed. Instead new layers are added to

the underside of their shells. The age of the turtle can be

determined by the number of rings on its shells scutes.

Scutes on a live Alligator

Alligator

Scute Fossils

Turtle Scutes


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Reptiles are EctothermicMost reptiles are ectothermic - they use their environment to warm and cool

their bodies. If they are cold, they must lay in the sun to raise their body

temperature. If they get too hot, they must find shade to cool off. Many

reptiles are active at night, so they can avoid becoming too hot and having

their skin dry out.


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Reptiles produce tough, leathery shelled eggs that keep moisture and

warmth in and predators out. Most reptiles lay their eggs in a place

where they will be kept warm and humid. Some reptiles keep their

eggs inside their bodies and then give birth to live young. Most reptileslay their eggs and then leave them.

Lizard in egg

Snake

Turtle

Reptiles Lay Eggs


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Reptile Babies Look Like Little Adults

Reptiles possess most of their adult characteristics at the timeof hatching. Unlike most amphibians, they do not undergo a

larval stage or experience metamorphosis.


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There are over 4,675 lizards species in six families:

Iguanas

ChameleonsMonitors

Skinks

Geckos

Gila Monsters

Lizards


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Amphibians


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There are about 4,000 species of amphibians.

The major amphibian groups are:

1. Frogs and Toads

2. Salamanders

3. Caecilians (she-SILL-yens)

(a legless, salamander-type animal)
http://yahooligans.yahoo.com/content/animals/species/4480.html


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Amphibians are Vertebrates

They have an internal skeleton and a backbone.

Bull Frog SkeletonToad Skeleton


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Amphibians are Ectothermic

Couchs Spadefoot Toad

Tiger SalamanderGreen Frog

Amphibians are ectothermic - they use their environment to warm and

cool their bodies. If they are cold, they must lay in the sun to raise their

body temperature. If they get too hot, they must find shade to cool off.

Many amphibians are active at night, so they can avoid becoming too hot

and having their skin dry out.


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Amphibians have thin, permeable skin. This means the skin lets water pass

into their bodies easily. Many amphibians dont need to drink water. Animalsthat dont live near the water absorb enough water from the moist soil they

live in. Their thin skin also allows them to absorb oxygen. This is helpful for

the animal because they have small lungs.

Amphibians Have Special Skin

Tiger SalamanderBull Frog


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Amphibians Shed their Skin

Frogs, toads, and salamanders have thin skins that

they shed regularly.

They shed their skin in one piece.

Once the skin is shed, they eat it!


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Amphibians Lay Their Eggs in Water

Amphibian eggs dont have shells. Instead they are protected by a clear,

jellylike substance and must be kept it water or in wet conditions.


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Amphibians Go Through Metamorphosis

Young amphibians do not look like they will when they are adults.

Amphibian means "double life" in Greek. Most amphibians start life in

the water and then, through metamorphosis, develop into adults that

live mostly on land.

During metamorphosis the animals bodies will have many changes.


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Metamorphosis of a Frog

The younger

tadpoles still have

their gills. The older

tadpoles have lost

their gills and are

breathing with

lungs.

Adult frogs with spawn (jellylike eggs) Embryos beginning to split in two

Tadpoles still in spawn


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The back legs are just

starting to develop.

The back legs have grown a little.

The back legs are developed.

The front legs are now present.

This froglet is now

8 weeks old. It still

has its tail, but it

looks almost like an

adult.


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Salamander Metamorphosis

Salamanders in eggs.

Salamander with gills.

Their heads are not as

large as a frog tadpole.

This adult salamander is

now able to live on the

land. Salamanders like to

stay under moist leaves and

rocks.

Salamander with gills.

The front legs develop first.


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Alligators?

Frogs?

Lizards?

Salamanders?

Snakes?

Turtles?

What were they?


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This alligator from Florida

grew to be about 20 ft. in length.

This alligator lived in

Colorado about

50 million years ago.

Today, the American Alligator

grows to be 8 to 13 ft. long andweighs just over 1,000 pounds.

Prehistoric

Today


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What was it?

Alligator?

Frog?

Lizard?

Salamander?

Snake?

Turtle?

Reptiles and Amphibians ppt

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