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Transcript of American Patriot 74
AMERICANPATRIOT VIEW IN
FULLSCREENCLICK ABOVE
APRIL 20, 2011
EARTH DAY 2011A BILLION ACTS OF GREEN
EASTER EGG ROLLBATTLE OF THE BULGE
AMERICANPATRIOT
EARTH DAY 2011A BILLION ACTS OF GREEN
46
NOAH WEBSTERTHE FATHER OFAMERICAN ENGLISH
8THE BATTLE OF THE BULGE
THIS WEEKIN AMERICANHISTORY
QUOTE OFTHE WEEK
14 15
MARFATEXAS MEETS MINIMALISM
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AMERICA’S FUN FOODSBUFFALO WINGS
4 AMERICAN PATRIOT
EARTH DAY 2011A BILLION ACTS OF GREEN
With the shadow of extreme climate change and nuclear risks hanging overthe world, this year’s Earth Day celebrations will be more ambitious andfar reaching than in past years. The theme of this year’s “day” – recognizethe power of individual action and corporate initiative.
Hoping to amass one billion individual and orga-
nizational “acts” for the environment in advance
of the Earth Summit in Rio in 2012, the Earth Day
Network is coordinating efforts of all sizes and
scope. The project website for “A Billion Acts of
Green,” is registering and quantifying the contri-
butions and commitments of people, corporations
and organizations to further the goal of reducing
carbon emissions and supporting sustainability.
The Earth Day Network has created several new
initiatives for this year, harnessing the power of
environmental experts, citizens and media figures:
ATHLETES FOR THE EARTH
Olympic and professional athletes are recruited
into the environmental movement in this outreach
program. By serving as spokespeople for the envi-
ronment, and by integrating related themes into
athletic events, the athletes have reached groups
generally not exposed to sustainability messages.
Participating athletes/celebs include Olympic Nordic
Combined Gold Medalist Billy Demong, Olympic
Alpine Skiing Bronze Medalist Andrew Weibrecht,
World Champion Freeskier and Save Our Snow
Foundation founder Alison Gannett, Boston Bruins
Defenseman Andrew Ference, Olympic Gold Medal
Swimmer Aaron Peirsol, and NFL Linebacker Dhani
Jones. www.earthday.org/campaign/athletes-earth
THE CANOPY PROJECT
Under 2010’s Avatar Home Tree Initiative, one
million trees have been planted in 16 countries.
South and Central America are the focus this year,
as Haiti, Brazil and Mexico are in urgent need of
reforestation; urban areas of the United States will
be a focus as well. Again looking to plant an addi-
tional million trees, the project will center on large-
scale, sponsor-supported projects in partnership
with non-profit organizations.
www.earthday.org/campaign/canopy-project
GREEN AMERICA’S SCHOOLS
In 2007, in conjunction with several prominent
environmental organizations, former President Clin-
ton and the Clinton Foundation have announced a
commitment to “Green America’s Schools” within
a generation. Green Schools, in addition to reduc-
ing operating costs and ushering in modernization,
are excellent tools to teach children the importance
of sustainability. The program reaches over 30,000
educators a year in all parts of the country.
www.earthday.org/campaign/green-schools
WOMEN AND THE GREEN ECONOMY
As innovation and investment migrate towards
environmentally sustainable technologies, there exists
tremendous opportunity for the advancement of
women worldwide. Prominent women in government,
business, and NGOs have been brought together
through this initiative to aggregate their influence to
promote sustainability, and to grow opportunities
for women in the emerging environmental economy.
www.earthday.org/campaign/women-and-green-
economy-wage
ARTS FOR THE EARTH
This is an innovative education program developed
to teach sustainability and environmental education
through museum and arts community networks.
FOLLOW IN REAL TIME HOW AVERAGE PEOPLE ARE ANSWERING THE CALL TO ACT
6 AMERICAN PATRIOT
NOAH WEBSTERTHE FATHER OFAMERICAN ENGLISH
AMERICAN PATRIOT 7
Born in 1758, Webster was the child of a well-
established Yankee family. He graduated from Yale
University in 1778 and served in the Connecticut
Militia while in school. Webster went on to become
a schoolteacher in Hartford. After a few years of
teaching, he realized that the American school
system desperately needed to be reformed. The
schools were overcrowded and the books were
outdated. Many schoolbooks were still being
shipped over from England.
In 1783, Webster took initiative and wrote his
own textbook entitled “A Grammatical Institute of
the English Language,” but affectionately referred
to by students and teachers alike as the “Blue-
Backed Speller.” So popular were these textbooks,
that they were still in use half a century after
their creation. Throughout his life, he continued
to edit and write textbooks.
Webster’s ultimate goal, however, was to create
a truly American dictionary. At 43 years old,
Webster began his work on this project. American
English was still inconsistent at the time with words,
phrases and spellings from British English mixed
in and mixed up. Webster sought unity; he defined
words like “color”— eschewing the British version
“colour” — so that American English would be
congruous across the country. He finished 47
years later with a dictionary that contained with
70,000 words. Although some Americans found
fault with some of the spellings in the dictionary
at the time, Webster ignored these dissenters,
and forged ahead with publication. The dictionary
became an influential best seller for homes,
schools and businesses.
Webster died in 1843, and the rights to the dic-
tionary were sold to the Merriam brothers. Charles
and George Merriam revised the dictionary several
times during their lifetimes. Modifications were
continued after the brothers died. Now, Webster’s
legacy is fondly remembered by every schoolchild
who owns a Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary.
Noah Webster loved the English language. A lexiconographer, author andpolitical writer, Webster spent his life seeking to reform education and bringcoherence to the language of America.
GIVE. ADVOCATE. VOLUNTEER.LIVE UNITED™
HOW TOLIVE UNITED:JOIN HANDS.OPEN YOUR HEART.LEND YOUR MUSCLE.FIND YOUR VOICE. GIVE 10%. GIVE 100%. GIVE 110%.GIVE AN HOUR.GIVE A SATURDAY.THINK OF WE BEFORE ME. REACH OUT A HAND TO ONE AND
INFLUENCETHE CONDITION OF ALL.
Want to make a difference? Help create opportunities for everyone in your community. United Way is creating real, lasting change where you live, by focusing on the building blocks of a better life–education, income and health. That’s what it means to Live United. For more, visit LIVEUNITED.ORG.
8 AMERICAN PATRIOT
The winter of 1944 was fiercely cold across Western Europe. Germany waslosing the war, and Allied spirits were rising. Earlier that year, the Allies hadsuccessfully stormed the beaches of Normandy and moved quickly acrossFrance. They had reached the Rhine, but before penetrating the Germanhomeland, they would face one last major offensive.
THE BATTLEOF THE BULGE
“This is undoubtedly the greatest American battle of the war…”– WINSTON CHURCHILL
AMERICAN PATRIOT 9
The Battle of the Bulge, as the fight becameknown, was the largest battle U.S. forces wereinvolved in during World War II. The battlefieldstretched over 80miles, all the way from Belgiumto Luxembourg. Hitler hoped to break the Alliedforces’ momentum by surprise: his strategy wasto break through the Allied troops and marchnorth to Antwerp, where German troops couldcut off the main supply base for the Alliedforces located on the Western Front.
On the night of December 15, 1944, Hitler sentGerman soldiers disguised as American troopswith proficient English skills to confuse theAmerican troops by giving them false directions,cutting communication wires, and changing roadsigns. The next day, under heavy fog, the GermanArmy began to advance, pushing the Americansall the way back to the Meuse River and creatinga huge “bulge” in the line.
It took more than a week for the Americans tobegin their first counterattack. Heavy snow-storms and severe weather made planning andmoving large groups very difficult. German troops
were cleverly dressed in white uniforms to blendinto the snow and fog, which made it even moredifficult for the Allied troops. Over 500,000American and 55,000 British troops fought inthe battle led by Generals Patton, Eisenhower,McAuliffe, Bradley, Hodges, and British GeneralMontgomery. After fierce fighting, the Germansfinally began to retreat in early January. By mid-January, the “bulge” was merely a slight curvein the line.
The Allied troops had been brave and relentless.Winston Churchill said of the battle: “This isundoubtedly the greatest American battle of thewar and will, I believe, be regarded as an ever-famous American victory.” German casualtieswere very high; historians estimate that approx-imately 100,000 German soldiers were killedor wounded during the battle. In addition, 800tanks and 1,000 aircraft were destroyed.
AN INTERACTIVE MAP OFTHE BATTLE OF THE BULGE
A COLLECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHSFROM THE BATTLE
10 AMERICAN PATRIOT
MARFATEXAS MEETS MINIMALISM
AMERICAN PATRIOT 11
Marfa was a small ranching community in the
middle of the desert approximately 200 miles
southeast of El Paso. At one time, it was known
only for its military base built in 1942. After
WWII had ended, the base was mothballed.
In 1977, Donald Judd, theminimalist American
artist, auctioned off twenty of his most famed
pieces and used the money to move his work
from New York City to Marfa. He turned the
space into a museum and workshop.
In 1986, the Chinati Foundation, a contempo-
rary art museum based on the Judd’s ideas,
was opened on the site of the airbase. The
goal was and is to preserve and present to the
public permanent large-scale installations by
a limited number of artists including Judd,
Donald Flavin and John Chamberlain. The
Chinati Foundation now occupies ten buildings.
Since Judd’s death in 1994, the Chinati Foun-
dation and the Judd Foundation, which preserves
his living quarters, ranch and workspaces, have
kept Judd’s vision alive.
Judd’s presence and influence turned the
small town into a magnet for artists; a place
for innovative artwork within a town that still
retains its traditional western feel. A new wave
of artists is moving to Marfa to live and work.
As a result, new gallery spaces are opening
in the downtown area. There is a writers-
in-residency program, a Marfa theater group,
and a multi-functional art space called Ball-
room Marfa has begun to show art films, host
musical performances, and exhibit other art
installations. Ballroom Marfa is a nice combi-
nation of old and new: the former western dance
hall is a space for the most modern of art but
is located near an old-fashion general store.
Outside of Donald Judd and modern art, Marfa
may be most famous for the mysterious Marfa
lights, visible every clear night between Marfa
and the Paisano Pass when one is facing
southwest toward the Chinati Mountains.
A TASTE OF THE MARFA ART SCENE
While driving along Route 90 through the barren west Texas desert,
drivers might be surprised to spot a Prada store along the side of the
road. Turns out it’s not actually a real store, but a pop art installation.
The scene is fitting for the area because Marfa TX has become the hip
new spot to view world-class minimalist art.
LEARN MORE ABOUT THECHINATI FOUNDATION
AMERICA’S FUN FOODS
BUFFALO WINGS
AMERICAN PATRIOT 13
America was forever changed on October 3, 1964. On that day, TeressaBelissimo, owner of the Anchor Bar in Buffalo NY, threw some chickenwings into the deep fryer as a late night snack for her college-aged son.As the legend goes, Teressa mixed the wings with cayenne hot sauce, andserved the newfound American delicacy over celery sticks and blue cheese.
Before Teressa made her legendary invention,
chicken wings were discarded as scrap meat.
They only cost five cents per pound at that time.
Her “discovery” dovetailed with a revolutionary
time for Buffalo; in the 1960s the rust-belt city
had been declared an international seaport
and was attempting a revival. To locals, Buffalo
was back on the map. The newly invented food
was part of the excitement.
The snack became a local obsession. However,
the broader growth of Buffalo wings did not
begin to take off until 1975. Retirees from
cold and snowy Buffalo tended to migrate to
South Florida. These retirees could not live a
life void of their favorite bar snack, so Edmund
J. Hauk, a former Buffalo resident, opened the
Wings N’ Curls chain in Florida. In January
1979, Craig Claiborne and Pierre Franey, high-
profile food writers for the New York Times
Magazine, wrote a recipe page on wings. This
first national article was followed by many
others. Then in 1983, Hooters opened; its
menu revolved around Buffalo wings. Soon
other chain restaurants like Dominos and Pizza
Hut added wings to their menus.
Today, the Anchor Bar sells over 70,000 pounds
of Buffalo wings per month. Dominos says more
than 1/3 of their customers order wings. Hooters
claims to sell over 30 million pounds of chicken
wings per year. July 29 has been designated
as the official “Chicken Wing Day” and Buffalo
celebrates an annual Buffalo Wing Festival
where tens of thousands attend the event.
THE ORIGINAL ANCHOR BARBUFFALO WING RECIPE
“The preservation of the sacred fire ofliberty, and the destiny of the Republicanmodel of Government, are justly consideredas deeply, perhaps as finally staked, onthe experiment entrusted to the hands ofthe American people."
— GEORGE WASHINGTONFIRST INAUGURAL, APRIL 24, 1790
14 AMERICAN PATRIOT
QUOTE OFTHE WEEK
AMERICAN PATRIOT 15
1878.The original site of the national Easter Monday Egg Roll was not the White House but the United
States Capitol. The egg roll activity of 1876 took its toll on the grounds. When Congress passed a
law forbidding the Capitol grounds to be used as a children's playground, President Rutherford B.
Hayes invited the egg rollers to move to the South Lawn of the White House. As children were being
turned away from the Capitol grounds, word quickly spread to go to the president’s home. Succes-
sive Presidents continued the tradition, and the event has been held on the South Lawn ever since.
For 2011, President Obama and the First Lady have adopted the theme “Get Up and Go!” to
health and wellness, part of the First Lady’s Let’s Move! campaign to combat childhood obesity.
SEE PICTURES OF THE 2010 EASTER EGG ROLL
THIS WEEK INAMERICAN HISTORY
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US01-1452_8.5x11_Layout 1 11/30/09 10:28 AM Page 2
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