American Life in the American Life in the 17th Century 17th Century

1607-16921607-1692

Chapter 4 NotesChapter 4 Notes

AP US HistoryAP US History

Mrs. MarshallMrs. Marshall

Bacon’s RebellionBacon’s Rebellion

Nathaniel Bacon- young planter, Nathaniel Bacon- young planter, member of Virginia’s ruling elite.member of Virginia’s ruling elite.

Governor Berkley of VirginiaGovernor Berkley of Virginia Bacon raised a militia and Bacon raised a militia and

vented his rage on Native vented his rage on Native Americans and criticized Americans and criticized Berkley’s administrationBerkley’s administration

Bacon was later pardonedBacon was later pardoned

The “Haves” and “Have The “Haves” and “Have nots”nots”

““Haves” – wealthy who owned Haves” – wealthy who owned the bulk of the land and the bulk of the land and controlled the prosperity against controlled the prosperity against the “Have nots”the “Have nots”

““Have nots”- the backwoods, Have nots”- the backwoods, lower class farmers who lower class farmers who struggled to survivestruggled to survive

Middle PassageMiddle Passage

Most slaves came from the west Most slaves came from the west coast of Africa.coast of Africa.

““Middle passage” –the Middle passage” –the transatlantic ocean voyage that transatlantic ocean voyage that brought slaves to the New Worldbrought slaves to the New World

Stono RebellionStono Rebellion

September 1739September 1739 Stono River west of CharlestonStono River west of Charleston Trying to reach FloridaTrying to reach Florida Stopped by white militiaStopped by white militia

Hierarchy of Wealth in the Hierarchy of Wealth in the SouthSouth

Planters-controlled the political, social Planters-controlled the political, social and economic life of the coloniesand economic life of the colonies

Small planters-largest social group. Small planters-largest social group. Behind planters in wealth, prestige Behind planters in wealth, prestige and political powerand political power

Landless whites-many of these were Landless whites-many of these were former indentured servantsformer indentured servants

Indentures servantsIndentures servants SlavesSlaves

New England ColoniesNew England Colonies

Enjoyed a healthy, extended life Enjoyed a healthy, extended life spanspan

Strong family tiesStrong family ties Close knit towns and churchesClose knit towns and churches Demanding economic and moral Demanding economic and moral

environment. Shipbuilding, trade environment. Shipbuilding, trade and fishing became the leading and fishing became the leading industries.industries.

Puritan ChurchPuritan Church

Puritan churchPuritan church was a central part was a central part of life in New England. of life in New England.

In Massachusetts every settler In Massachusetts every settler had to attend and support the had to attend and support the Puritan church-dissenters were Puritan church-dissenters were often banished.often banished.

““Half-Way Covenant”Half-Way Covenant” Proposed by some clergymen in 1662Proposed by some clergymen in 1662 Provided a half-way church Provided a half-way church

membership for the children of membership for the children of members even though they did not members even though they did not profess saving graceprofess saving grace

Salem Witch TrialsSalem Witch Trials

1692- The commitment to 1692- The commitment to protect the Puritan faith led to protect the Puritan faith led to the the Salem Witch Trials.Salem Witch Trials.

Several young girls in Salem, Several young girls in Salem, Mass. accused various Mass. accused various townspeople of being witches. townspeople of being witches. Hysteria gripped the town. Hysteria gripped the town. Colonial authorities brought the Colonial authorities brought the accused to trial and condemned accused to trial and condemned a number of them to death.a number of them to death.

Cotton MatherCotton Mather

Influential Puritan ministerInfluential Puritan minister Thought witchcraft should be Thought witchcraft should be

treated by prayer and fastingtreated by prayer and fasting

Rachel ClintonRachel Clinton

One of the Salem witches.One of the Salem witches. Was convicted and imprisoned Was convicted and imprisoned

but was not executedbut was not executed