AmCham-Mongolia-Nationwide-Survey-Report-ENGLISH.pdf

Nationwide Survey Results on Mongolian Business EnvironmentNovember 2014

l Nationwide Survey Results2

Disclaimer This survey was produced by AmCham Mongolia under a grant from the United States Agency

for International Development through its Business Plus Initiative implemented by Chemonics

International Inc. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views

of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government.

Nationwide Survey Results l 3

ContentsExecutive Summary

Summary of Key Findings

Mongolian Business Environment

Institutional Trust

Business Enabling Environment Outlook

Perceptions on United States,

U.S. Firms, and Foreign Investment

Survey Results

U.S. Business

National Issues

Leadership and Party Approval Ratings

Business Environment Issues

Foreign Investment

01

04

0710

12

14

21

26

28

3236


ExECutivE SuMMaRy


Executive Summary

The American Chamber of Commerce (AmCham) in Mongolia commissioned this survey

with financial and technical support from USAID and Business Plus Initiative (BPI) to better

understand current public attitudes toward the Mongolian economy, business, foreign

investment, and politics. The nationwide survey was conducted in late November 2014 by

the Sant Maral Foundation and is a national representative sample of 1500 adult Mongolian

citizens. The three key findings of the survey were:

There is an overall negative perception of business environment in Mongolia;

Mongolians believe that America is an important ally of Mongolia and the U.S.-

Mongolia commercial relations has significant potential; and

Mongolians welcome foreign businesses

The survey reveals that there is an overall negative perception of business environment in

Mongolia. The economy, unemployment, and corruption are the paramount concerns of

Mongolians. Almost half of the respondents believe that the country is going in the wrong

direction. Two thirds of the people are assessing current business environment negatively,

and only a fifth of respondents think that the economy will improve in the next 6 months. In

addition, more than half of the population sees instabilityas measured by macroeconomic

instability, inflation, high fiscal deficits and high foreign debtas the main obstacle to business

development in the near future. Unless bold actions are taken to improve this negative

perception, the situation could entail a significant risk in prolonging the current economic

downturn, if not exacerbating it.


Executive Summary

The survey also shows that Mongolians predominantly regard the U.S. as its Third Neighbor

and believe that the U.S.- Mongolia commercial relations have significant potential. Seven out

of ten Mongolians want to travel to the US, while more than 60% of Mongolians believe that

U.S. firms operating in the country offer the best management, are good partners with the

community, and have the best experience and quality. When asked about the best economic

partner for Mongolia, the U.S. appeared third after Russia and China. Younger age groups

ranked the U.S.Mongolia relationship at a higher standing. These results call for an increased

effort from both sides to take the U.S.-Mongolia commercial relations to a new level.

The survey also shows what the peoples main expectations are. According to the survey

results, 60% of the Mongolian population has a favorable view on foreign investment. Moreover,

two thirds consider the immediate approval of the Oyu Tolgoi Phase II by the Government of

Mongolia as important. Initiating regulatory modernization and moving mega-projects forward

would be a significant step toward decreasing the public and private sectors negative

assessment of the countrys business environment and lack of trust in institutions.

AmCham sees that an important step to fix the current situation is to take bold measures to

improve the business environment and unlock the potential of the U.S.-Mongolia commercial

relation. A level playing field should be applied to all international companies in Mongolia.

The survey results confirm peoples awareness that American companies offer the best

technologies and practices for Mongolia. Moreover, Mongolians want U.S. companies to

succeed in Mongolia as a balance to Russia and China. We are confident that an improved

business environment based on the recommendations and insights of private sector and

business associations will pave the success for the countrys long-term growth.


SuMMaRy OF KEy FiNDiNGS



Forty eight percent of the population believes the country is going in the wrong direction as

compared to 36% who believe otherwise. 50% identifies the economy as the top national

problem followed by government corruption with 17.2% of respondents. For the capital

UB, respondents named environment and pollution as the second important national issue.

All top three economic problems identified are related to standard of living: unemployment

(39.2%), poverty (21.9%), and inflation (19.1%).

Private sector has appeared as the most trusted institution followed by local authorities and

the Presidency. The least trusted institutions were the Prime Minister's Ofice and Parliament.

Mongolians connect private business with job creation (42%), contributor to State

budget (18.1%) and efficiency (13.1%). Within the private sector agricultural producers,

manufacturers, and banks have the highest confidence of respondents. However, about

one out of seven respondents report that there are high levels of corruption in private sector

(13.6%).

The majority of Mongolians (66.9%) are assessing the current business environment negatively

as compared to 22.8% that assess the environment positively. Overwhelmingly respondents

see no positive changes during the past six months. Only a fifth of respondents think that the

economy will improve in next 6 months (19.6%), and more than 56% considered economic

instabilityas measured by inflation (24%), macroeconomic instability (16.3%), high fiscal

deficits (9.7%) and high foreign debt (6.3%)as the main obstacle for the future development

of the private sector in Mongolia. High taxes (15.5%) and access to credit (14.5%) are at the

top of the list as the main obstacles to the business climate. Furthermore, the tax agency

(19.6%), local authority/municipality (17.4%), and Specialized Inspection Agency (11.2%) are

at the top of organizations creating obstacles for business. Corruption is reported as the main

reason why people are making this assessment.



There is very poor knowledge if at all about American businesses operating in Mongolia.

Nonetheless, the overall assessment of American business performance in Mongolia is mainly

positive: 46.8% positive against 2.6% negative. More than 60% of the respondents believe

that American firms offer the best management, are good partners with the community,

and have the best experience and quality. 37.6% of the respondents agree that U.S. firms

are ethical and dont engage in corruption as opposed to 22.1% who disagree. In addition,

28.5% disagree with the statement that American firms are good stewards of Mongolias

environment compared to 25.6% that agree. The U.S. appeared as a third best economic

partner for Mongolia after Russia and China.

About two thirds of respondents welcome foreign businesses. They believe that foreign

businesses should be welcome without restrictions (29.8%), or with the same rules as

domestic companies (30.1%). Only a quarter believes they should be subject to greater

restrictions (25.7%), and a minority thinks we can do it on our own (8.8%). Moreover, more

than 60% consider the approval of the second phase of Oyu Tolgoi project by government

as important and think that Mongolia is losing because of the delay against 8.1% thinking

that Mongolia is gaining. Equal blame is assigned for the losses to Parliament (19.6%), Prime

Minister N. Altankhuyags government (18.3%) and previous governments (18.3). Another

5.8% blame Rio Tinto for the losses due to the delay. 70.4% think that it is important to put

entire Tavan Tolgoi project into production.


MONGOliaNBuSiNESS ENviRONMENt



While 48% of the respondents believe Mongolia is

headed in the wrong direction, a considerable amount,

36%, still think the country is going in the right direction.

When asked what are the top challenges facing

Mongolia today 50% of the respondents identified

the economy as the top challenge followed by the

government corruption (17.2%) and the environment/

pollution (15%). Healthcare and infrastructure were a

distant fourth and fifth. In the case of the Ulaanbaatar

city population, environment pollution is identified as

the second top challenge.

Survey respondents identified unemployment as the

most critical issue facing Mongolian economy today.

In fact, all top 3 economic problems facing the country

today are related to standard of living: unemployment

(39.2%), poverty (21.9%), and inflation (19.1%).

DK/ DRWrong directionRight direction

48 %of respondents believe the

country is going in the wrong direction

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

DK/D

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Bad

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What is the most critial economic issue facing Mongolia today?

of respondants identified Unemploymentas the most critical issue.

39 %

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

/

/

?

C 39% .

39 %

MONGOliaNBuSiNESS ENviRONMENt



Seventy three percent of the respondents identified private sector with job creation, contributor to State budget and efficiency. Only 18.3% seem to have a negative opinion on the private sector as they identify it with environmental degradation (10.5%) and corruption (7.8%).

When asked what are the main obstacles to the business environment in Mongolia the respondents identified high taxes, access to credit, unstable macroeconomic conditions, corruption in government institutions, political instability and conditions in the labor market as the main obstacles. While the list is somewhat similar

When you think of the private sector inMongolia, what comes to mind?

of respondants identified the privatesector with Job Creation

42 %

0

10

20

30

40

50

DK/D

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Cont

ribut

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bud

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Envir

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Corru

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Job

Crea

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Effic

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42% .

42 %

0

10

20

30

40

50

/

What is the main obstacle to the business climate in Mongolia?

0 5 10 15 20

Nationwide

Don't know/Refused to answer

Corruption in private sector

High cost of transportation

Strong competition from other companies

Obtaining and renewing licenses and permits

Low levels of professionalism

Condition of the labor market

Political instability

Corruption in government instituitions

Unstable macro-economic conditions

Access to credit

High taxes 15.5 %

14.5 %

12.0 %

10.0 %

9.7 %

8.9 %

7.0 %

6.8 %

3.7 %

2.4 %

1.3 %

8.3 %

?

0 5 10 15 20

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, ,

15.5 %

14.5 %

12.0 %

10.0 %

9.7 %

8.9 %

7.0 %

6.8 %

3.7 %

2.4 %

1.3 %

8.3 %

to that identified in previous USAID Study of Private Perceptions of Corruption (STOPP) surveys, the intensity of each obstacle is rather different. For instance, high taxes were identified as a major obstacle by 15.5% of the respondent in contrast to an average of 56% of the respondents for the previous four USAID-STOPP surveys since December 2012. Likewise, access to credit was identified as a major obstacle by 14.5% of the respondents in contrast to an average of 25% for the previous four surveys.


Similarly low level of professionalism and conditions of the labor markets which made it into the three top responses for the previous four surveys, were both in single digits for the current survey. On the other hand, macroeconomic and political instability and corruption in the government institutions increased their level of importance in the current survey.

Sixty seven percent of the respondents are either somewhat or very dissatisfied with the current business environment in Mongolia. This result continues to be consistent since December 2012 when the first business enabling environment survey was conducted by the Asia Foundation through the USAID-STOPP project .

However, there was an increase in the pecentage of people who said that the business environment has worsened during the last six months as compared to previous survey results. Accordingly, only 11.3 percent believe that the business environment has improved over the last six months. This represents half of those who thought of an improvement in the April 2014 survey and only a quarter of those who perceived positive changes in the last six months during the December 2012 survey. Consistent with these results, 87% of the respondents in the current survey were not able to identify any improvement in the business environment during the last sixth month.

87%

87% of respondents could not identified any improvement in the business environment over the last 6 months.


Changes in business environment over the last 6 months

0 20 40 60 80 100

Dec 2012

May 2013

Oct 2013

Apr 2014

Dec 2014

Improved Stay the same Worsened DK/CS

11.3 %

21.0 %

30.0 %

33.0 %

42.0 %

35.7 %

39.0 %

40.0 %

46.0 %

46.0 %

37.0 %

32.0 %

23.0 %

12.0%

12.0 %

16.1 %

8.0 %

7.0 %

9.0 %

6.0%

0 20 40 60 80 100

2012 12-

2013 5-

2013 10-

2014 4-

2014 12-

/

11.3 %

21.0 %

30.0 %

33.0 %

42.0 %

35.7 %

39.0 %

40.0 %

46.0 %

46.0 %

37.0 %

32.0 %

23.0 %

12.0%

12.0 %

16.1 %

8.0 %

7.0 %

9.0 %

6.0%

[1]

[1] Previous surveys conducted by the USAID Strengthening Transparency and Governance Program, implemented by The Asia Foundation. December 2012, May 2013, October 2013, and April 2014.


institutional trust

Respondents were asked to rank a wide variety of institutions in terms of their level of trust in those institutions, using a scale from 1 (least trustworthy) to 5 (most trustworthy). Private sector as a whole emerged as the most trusted among the range of institutions considered. In addition, respondents ranked local authority/municipality, the presidency, police and the registration agency as trustworthy institutions. Parliament and the Prime Minister/Cabinet were ranked least in terms of peoples trust.

While private sector was ranked first in terms of trust levels, there are significant differences among the various private sector organizations. To be sure, agriculturalproducers, manufacturers and banks are viewed as the most trusted organizations within the private sector. Conversely, mining companies, legal firms and non-banking financial institutions are viewed as the least trustworthy organizations within the private sector.

When asked whether or not there is corruption in the private sector, 52.4% of the respondents believe that there is either a high or existing level of corruption in the private sector. This result is double the average result obtained during the last three USAID surveys. Likewise, only 8.6% of the respondents in the current survey believe there is no corruption in the private sector as compared to an average of 20.7% during the last three surveys since May 2013.

How much do you trust thefollowing institutions?

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

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3.5

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level of trust

Scale from 1 to 5 where 1 = least trust and 5 = most trust

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In line with previous USAID-STOPP surveys, the respondents were asked to identify the government agencies/institutions that pose the main obstacle to the Mongolian business environment. The tax office was identified as the main obstacle but the proportion of respondents decreased from an average of 30.7% in previous surveys to 20% in the current survey. Likewise, inspection agency was identified as a problematic agency by only 11% as compared to an average of 26% in the previous four surveys. On the other hand, local authorities were identified as an obstacle by 17% of the respondents, which is significantly higher than the proportion of the previous surveys. The construction permitting issuing body (6.1%), the registration agency (4.5%), customs (4.2%) and the police (2.9%) were identified as the lowest obstacle intuitions for the Mongolian business environment.

institutional trust

Government agencies that create the main obstacle for business environment

0.00.20.40.60.81.0

0

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10

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35

Dec 2014Apr 2014Oct 2013May 2013Dec 2012

DKPoliceLand Utilization Agency

Local AuthorityCustomsSpecialized Inspection Agency

Tax office

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10

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20

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2014 12- 2014 4-

2013 10- 2013 3- 2012 12-

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Trust in Private Sector Organizations

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

NationwideUlan BatorCountryside

9. N

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Trust in Private Sector Organizations

0.0

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1.0

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2.0

2.5

3.0

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NationwideUlan BatorCountryside

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Business Enabling Environment Outlook

Respondents were asked to identify the main problem for the future development of the private sector in Mongolia. 56.3% believe that economic instabilitymeasured by macroeconomic instability, inflation, high fiscal deficits and high foreign debtrepresents the main obstacle for the future development of the private sector in the country. Another 15.5% identified the high commercial dependency on neighboring countries as a main obstacle, while the remaining 9.5% believes that too much dependency on the mining sector is the main obstacle to future private sector development in the country.

Furthermore, respondents do not expect the business environment to improve in the near-term. When asked how they expected the business environment change in the next six months only 19.5% said they expected an improvement. This result is in contrast with the results obtained through the previous four USAID-STOPP surveys. In fact it seems that the optimism of the Mongolian population has been in steady in decline since May 2013 when 58 percent of the respondents were expecting positive changes in the business environment. On the other hand, the percentage of people that expected the business environment to stay the same or worsen in the next six months has been steadily increasing from 21% in December 2012 to 53% in the December 2014 survey.

Main problem for the future developmentof private sector in Mongolia

0

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Expected changes in business environment over the last 6 months

Will improve Will Stay the same Will worsen DK/CS

0 20 40 60 80 100

Dec 2012

May 2013

Oct 2013

Apr 2014

Dec 2014 19.5 %

39.0 %

50.0 %

58.0 %

57.0 %

36.1 %

33.0 %

29.0 %

23.0 %

18.0 %

16.9 %

8.0 %

6.0 %

1.0%

3.0 %

27.5 %

21.0 %

16.0 %

17.0 %

22.0%

6 ?

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0 20 40 60 80 100

2012 12-

2013 5-

2013 10-

2014 4-

2014 12- 19.5 %

39.0 %

50.0 %

58.0 %

57.0 %

36.1 %

33.0 %

29.0 %

23.0 %

18.0 %

16.9 %

8.0 %

6.0 %

1.0%

3.0 %

27.5 %

21.0 %

16.0 %

17.0 %

22.0%


PERCEPtiONS ON uNitED StatES, u.S.FiRMS, aND FOREiGN iNvEStMENt


Perceptions on united States,u.S. Firms, and Foreign investment

Less than 2% of the respondents said they have traveled to the United States. However, 69% said they

would be interested to visit the U.S. The main purpose of the trip would be for tourism and to a lesser

degree, for studying in the U.S. Mongolians believe that the sectors that are benefiting the most from the

current U.S.-Mongolia relationship are: education, information technology, agriculture, manufacturing,

and health. These sectors are only to be thought as important for the current relationship but were

also identified as the sectors that needed to be strengthened further. Specifically, Mongolians think that

cooperation in education, health, agriculture and manufacturing should be strengthened in the near

future.

Sectors benefiting or that should be strengthened as part of US-Mongolian Relationship

0

5

10

15

20

25

Should be StrengthenedBenefiting

DK/DRTV, music, cinema

MediaDefenseAutoHealthEducation ManufacturingAgricultureInformation technology

- ?

0

5

10

15

20

25

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, ,

Countryside

Ulan Bator

Nationwide

Is the "American way of business" better or worse than the way companies from other countries do business?

?


There is no difference between how Americans do business

Other countries are better at business than America

American companies are better

/

37.7 % 8.6 % 33.8 % 19.9 %

33.8 % 10.5 % 37.8 % 17.9 %

41.1 % 6.9 % 30.4% 21.6 %

37.7 % 8.6 % 33.8 % 19.9 %

33.8 % 10.5 % 37.8 % 17.9 %

41.1 % 6.9 % 30.4% 21.6 %

More than seventy percent of the Mongolian

population believes that the American way of doing

business is either similar or better than other countries.

Less than 10% perceive that other countries are

better at business than America, while another 20%

do not know enough to make an opinion.


Almost all the Mongolians who have an opinion were positive about the performance of U.S. firms operating in Mongolia. However, half of the population does not know enough about U.S. firms in Mongolia to voice an opinion about their performance.

In terms of specific performance, more than 60% of Mongolians believe that U.S. firms operating in the country offer the best management are good partners with the community and have the best experience and quality. Less than 10% of the population expressed negative responses in terms of these three attributes.

DK/ DRWrong directionRight direction

95 %of the respondents that voiced an opinion have a positive view

of US firms' performance. But 51 percent of respondents

don't know enough to have an opinion.


In terms of whether U.S. firms in Mongolian are ethical and do not engage in corruption or whether they are good stewards of Mongolias environment, the opinions are more polarized.

For instance, 37.6% believe U.S. firms are ethical and do not engage in corruption, in contrast with 22.1% who believe the opposite. Likewise, 25.6% of the population agrees that U.S. firms are good stewards of Mongolias environment as opposed to 28.5% who disagree. In both cases though, more than 40% of the population does not know enough to voice an opinion about these attributes.

0 20 40 60 80 100

DK/DRDisagreeAgree

Are good stewards of Mongolia's environment

Are ethical and do not engage in corruption

Have the best experience and quality

Are good partners with the community

Offer the best management

Mongolians opinion about US firms

62.1 %

67.7 %

67.9 %

37.6 %

25.6 %

7.5 %

8.3 %

8.7 %

22.1%

28.5 %

30.4 %

24.0 %

23.3 %

40.3 %

45.9 %

0 20 40 60 80 100

/

,

62.1 %

67.7 %

67.9 %

37.6 %

25.6 %

7.5 %

8.3 %

8.7 %

22.1%

28.5 %

30.4 %

24.0 %

23.3 %

40.3 %

45.9 %


Seventy one percent of Ulaanbaatar population as well

as some 68% of the country side population expressed

a positive opinion about working for an American firm

if they have the chance to do so. Some 23% said they

would not be interested in working for an American

firm, even if given the chance.

Mongolians from Ulaanbaatar expressed that more

opportunities to work/study in the United States

represent the best avenue for them to increase their

understanding and appreciation of the American

culture. On the other hand, Mongolians living in the

countryside believe that what is needed the most is

the presence of an American Cultural and Information


67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %

Countryside Ulan Bator Nationwide

If you had the chance, would you work for an American company?

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %

?

0

20

40

60

80

100


No

Yes

66.9 % 71.0 % 68.8 %

23.5 %22.1 %

22.9 %

9.5 % 6.9 % 8.3 %

41.3 % 33.3 % 37.6 %

18.5 % 26.3 % 22.1 %

40.3 % 40.4 % 40.3 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

66.9 % 71.0 % 68.8 %

23.5 %22.1 % 22.9 %

9.5 % 6.9 % 8.3 %

What do you need most to improve your understanding and appreciation of American culture? (2 responses allowed)

0 10 20 30 40 50

Nationwide Ulan BatorCountryside


Visit the United States as a tourist

The presence of an American Cultural and Information Center nearby

Regular contact with American citizens who live, work, and travel to Mongolia

Opportunities to work/study in the United States

? (, )

/

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0 10 20 30 40 50


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Center nearby. Some 25% of the population thinks that the best way to improve the understanding and

appreciation of American culture is by visiting the United States as a tourist.


When it comes to define which country represents the best economic partner for Mongolia the answers

vary according to the age demography of the population. While there is not significant changes in the

actual list of countries identified as Mongolian best commercial partners, older populations tend to have

a narrow view of Mongolian place in the international arena and as such of which countries are the best

commercial partners for Mongolia. Meanwhile, younger population have a more internationalized view of

Mongolia. As such, the relative importance of commercial partners varies significantly depending on the

age group of the respondents. The United States emerged as the most important commercial partner

for Mongolia for the population in the younger age group. However, Russia dominated the position in the

opinion of the older population age groups.


Of the following countries, which country is the best economic partner for Mongolia? (by age)

DK/NASouth KoreaGermany

JapanRussiaChinaUnited States

? ( )

18 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 39

40 - 49 50 - 59 60 +

/

18 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 39

40 - 49 50 - 59 60 +

22.8 % 23.8 % 19.3 %

17.5 % 12.7 %8.6 %

22.5 % 18.0 %22.4 %

19.2 %

18.0 %

15.0 %

22.5 % 30.1 % 29.6 %

35.4 % 48.7 % 61.4 %

12.0 %10.2 % 10.5 %

9.8 %

7.9 %

10.7 %

4.5 %5.3 % 5.2 %

7.4 % 3.5 %

13.9 % 9.7 % 11.0 %

6.1 % 7.9 %

4.7 %

1.9 %2.9 % 1.9 %

22.8 % 23.8 % 19.3 %

17.5 % 12.7 %8.6 %

22.5 % 18.0 %22.4 %

19.2 %

18.0 %

15.0 %

22.5 % 30.1 % 29.6 %

35.4 % 48.7 % 61.4 %

12.0 %10.2 % 10.5 %

9.8 %

7.9 %

10.7 %

4.5 %5.3 % 5.2 %

7.4 % 3.5 %

13.9 % 9.7 % 11.0 %

6.1 % 7.9 %

4.7 %

1.9 %2.9 % 1.9 %


Sixty percent of the Mongolian population has a favorable view on foreign investment. Half of those in

favor believe that Mongolia should welcome foreign business without any restriction while the other half

believe foreign business should be welcome under the same rules and regulations as the domestic

businesses.

However, 25% of the population believes that Mongolia should put greater restrictions to foreign

businesses than domestic companies. Less than 10% believe that Mongolia can manage its development

without foreign investment.


When you think about foreign companies operating in Mongolia, which of the following statements do you agree with most?

0

20

40

60

80

100

Don't know/No answer

Mongolia does not need foreign businesses and investment we can do it on our own

Foreign businesses and investment should have greater restrictions than domestic companies

Mongolia should welcome foreign businesses and investment with the same rules and regulations as domestic companies

Mongolia should welcome foreign businesses and investment without restriction


6.0 % 4.9 % 5.5%

10.2 %7.2 % 8.8 %

25.4 %26.1 %

25.7 %

28.5 % 32.0 % 30.1 %

29.9 % 29.7 % 29.8 %

?

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

, - .

, .

, ,

,

6.0 % 4.9 % 5.5%

10.2 %7.2 % 8.8 %

25.4 %26.1 %

25.7 %

28.5 % 32.0 % 30.1 %

29.9 % 29.7 % 29.8 %


Sixty two percent of Ulaanbaatar population and 65% of the country side population believe it is important or very important that the Government of Mongolia approves the second phase of Oyu Tolgoi mining operation immediately.

The main reason for the support to the second phase of the Oyu Tolgoi operations is related to the strong opinion that the delay of the second phase is hurting the Mongolian public. Accordingly, 65% of the population thinks that the public either losing or rather losing from the delay of the project. This is a major contrast with the 8.1% that believe that the public is either gaining or rather gaining from the delay.

How important is it to you that the Government of Mongolia approves the Second Phase of Oyu Tolgoi immediately?

0

20

40

60

80

100


Totally Unimportant

Unimportant

NeutralImportantVery Important


14.0 % 12.7 % 13.4 %

12.6 %13.3 % 12.9 %

42.1 %40.5 % 41.4 %

23.4 % 22.1 % 22.8 %

5.9 % 7.6 % 6.7 %1.9 % 3.8 % 2.7 %

2 ?

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

14.0 % 12.7 % 13.4 %

12.6 %13.3 % 12.9 %

42.1 %40.5 % 41.4 %

23.4 % 22.1 % 22.8 %

5.9 % 7.6 % 6.7 %1.9 % 3.8 % 2.7 %

Do you think that Mongolian public is losing or gaining from the delay at Oyu Tolgoi's second phase?

0

20

40

60

80

100

Don't know/Refused to answerLosing

Rather losingRather gainingGaining


6.6 % 7.2 % 6.9 %

49.8 %

16.9 %

45.9 % 48.0 %

25.6 %

17.6 % 17.2 %

26.7 %28.0 %

, 2 ?

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

6.6 % 7.2 % 6.9 %

49.8 %

16.9 %

45.9 % 48.0 %

25.6 %

17.6 % 17.2 %

26.7 %28.0 %


Support for the second phase of Oyu Tolgoi is slightly stronger in the country side than the in the capital city. Almost 67% of the countryside population believe Mongolians are losing from the delay as compared to 63.5% in the capital city who agrees with that opinion. Some 27% of the population does not know if the Mongolian public is losing or gaining from the delays.

Those who believe that the Mongolian public is losing from the delay assign equal blame to Parliament (19.6%), the Democratic Party Government led by Prime Minister N. Altankhuyag (18.3%), and the previous MPP Government led by Prime Ministers S. Bayar and S. Batbold (18.3%). Less than 5% assign the blame to either Rio Tinto (5.8%) or President Elbegdorj (3.5%).


SuRvEyRESultS


u.S. Business

Have you been to the United States before?

?

0

20

40

60

80

100

NoYes


0.6 %3.2 % 1.8 %

99.4 % 96.8 % 98.2 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

0.6 %3.2 % 1.8 %

99.4 % 96.8 % 98.2 %

If not, are you interested in traveling there?

?

0

20

40

60

80

100

Don't know/ Refused to answer

NoYes


66.7 % 71.2 % 68.8 %

31.2 %27.0 % 29.3 %

2.1 % 1.8 % 1.9 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

66.7 % 71.2 % 68.8 %

31.2 %27.0 % 29.3 %

2.1 % 1.8 % 1.9 %

If yes, why? (frequencies only)

0

20

40

60

80

100

Other

Immigrate

Work

Tourism

Study


20.0 %

9.1 %

3.7 %4.5 %

66.6 %

40.0 %

9.1 %14.8 %

7.45 %

?

72.8 %

40.0 %

4.5 % 7.45 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

20.0 %

9.1 %

3.7 %4.5 %

66.6 %

40.0 %

9.1 %14.8 %

7.45 %

72.8 %

40.0 %

4.5 % 7.45 %

Do you have relatives that live in the United States?

?

0

20

40

60

80

100

Don't know/Refused to answerNo

Yes


11.4 %24.2 %

17.3 %

88.0 %

75.2 %82.1 %

0.6 % 0.6 % 0.6 %

/

0

20

40

60

80

100

11.4 %24.2 %

17.3 %

88.0 %

75.2 %82.1 %

0.6 % 0.6 % 0.6 %


0

20

40

60

80

100


Negatively

Positively


Overall, how would you assess their (U.S. companies) performance in Mongolia?

43.2 %50.6 %

46.7 %

2.1 %

3.2 %2.6 %

54.6 %46.2 %

50.7 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

43.2 %50.6 %

46.7 %

2.1 %

3.2 %2.6 %

54.6 %46.2 %

50.7 %

?

If yes, how did you make the purchase?

0

20

40

60

80

100


From a Mongolian agent who lives in the United States

My family/friend in the United States purchased and sent to

From the internet

From a local shop in Mongolia


2.8 % 3.5 % 3.2 %

13.3 % 16.2 % 15.1 %

2.8 %

9.2 % 6.9 %

80.4 %70.8 % 74.2 %

, ?

/

/

0

20

40

60

80

100 2.8 % 3.5 % 3.2 %

13.3 % 16.2 % 15.1 %

2.8 %

9.2 % 6.9 %

80.4 %70.8 % 74.2 %

0.7 % 0.3 % 0.3 %

0.7 % 0.3 % 0.3 %

If yes, how did you make the purchase?

0

20

40

60

80

100


From a Mongolian agent who lives in the United States

My family/friend in the United States purchased and sent to

From the internet

From a local shop in Mongolia


2.8 % 3.5 % 3.2 %

13.3 % 16.2 % 15.1 %

2.8 %

9.2 % 6.9 %

80.4 %70.8 % 74.2 %

, ?

/

/

0

20

40

60

80

100 2.8 % 3.5 % 3.2 %

13.3 % 16.2 % 15.1 %

2.8 %

9.2 % 6.9 %

80.4 %70.8 % 74.2 %

0.7 % 0.3 % 0.3 %

0.7 % 0.3 % 0.3 %

Did you purchase any products from the United States in the past year?

?

0

20

40

60

80

100


NoYes


17.7 %

37.5 %26.9 %

79.8 %

61.6 %

71.4 %

2.5 % 0.9 % 1.7 %

/

0

20

40

60

80

100

17.7 %

37.5 %26.9 %

79.8 %

61.6 %

71.4 %

2.5 % 0.9 % 1.7 %

0

20

40

60

80

100


Disagree

Agree


American companies are good partners with the community

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %


67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %


American companies are ethical and do not engage in corruption

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %

,

0

20

40

60

80

100


Disagree

Agree

41.3 % 33.3 % 37.6 %

18.5 %26.3 %

22.1 %

40.3 % 40.4 % 40.3 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

41.3 % 33.3 % 37.6 %

18.5 % 26.3 % 22.1 %

40.3 % 40.4 % 40.3 %

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %


American companies are good stewards of Mongolia's environment

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

Agree

Disagree


27.6 % 23.2 % 25.6 %

24.5 % 33.0%28.5 %

47.8 % 43.7 % 45.9 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

27.6 % 23.2 % 25.6 %

24.5 % 33.0% 28.5 %

47.8 % 43.7 % 45.9 %

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %


American companies have the best experience and quality

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

Agree

Disagree


65.1 % 33.3 % 37.6 %

7.2 %

10.5 %8.7 %

27.8 %18.2 %

23.3 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

65.1 % 33.3 % 37.6 %

7.2 %

10.5 %8.7 %

27.8 %18.2 %

23.3 %

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %


American companies offer the best management

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

Agree

Disagree


58.2 %

66.7 %

62.1 %

6.7 %

8.4 %7.5 %

35.1 %25.0 %

30.4 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

58.2 %

66.7 %

62.1 %

6.7 %

8.4 %7.5 %

35.1 % 25.0 % 30.4 %

Countryside

Ulan Bator

Nationwide


?





/

37.7 % 8.6 % 33.8 % 19.9 %

33.8 % 10.5 % 37.8 % 17.9 %

41.1 % 6.9 % 30.4% 21.6 %

37.7 % 8.6 % 33.8 % 19.9 %

33.8 % 10.5 % 37.8 % 17.9 %

41.1 % 6.9 % 30.4% 21.6 %

Countryside

Ulan Bator

Nationwide


?





/

37.7 % 8.6 % 33.8 % 19.9 %

33.8 % 10.5 % 37.8 % 17.9 %

41.1 % 6.9 % 30.4% 21.6 %

37.7 % 8.6 % 33.8 % 19.9 %

33.8 % 10.5 % 37.8 % 17.9 %

41.1 % 6.9 % 30.4% 21.6 %


67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %


If you had the chance, would you work for an American company?

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %

?

0

20

40

60

80

100


No

Yes

66.9 % 71.0 % 68.8 %

23.5 %22.1 %

22.9 %

9.5 % 6.9 % 8.3 %

41.3 % 33.3 % 37.6 %

18.5 % 26.3 % 22.1 %

40.3 % 40.4 % 40.3 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

66.9 % 71.0 % 68.8 %

23.5 %22.1 %

22.9 %

9.5 % 6.9 % 8.3 %


0 10 20 30 40 50




The presence of an American Cultural andInformation Center nearby

Regular contact with American citizens who live,work, and travel to Mongolia


? (, )

/

,

, ,

- /

0 10 20 30 40 50

Of the following countries, which country is the best economic partner for Mongolia? (by age)

DK/NASouth KoreaGermany

JapanRussiaChinaUnited States

? ( )

18 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 39

40 - 49 50 - 59 60 +

/

18 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 39

40 - 49 50 - 59 60 +

22.8 % 23.8 % 19.3 %

17.5 % 12.7 %8.6 %

22.5 % 18.0 %22.4 %

19.2 %

18.0 %

15.0 %

22.5 % 30.1 % 29.6 %

35.4 % 48.7 % 61.4 %

12.0 %10.2 % 10.5 %

9.8 %

7.9 %

10.7 %

4.5 %5.3 % 5.2 %

7.4 % 3.5 %

13.9 % 9.7 % 11.0 %

6.1 % 7.9 %

4.7 %

1.9 %2.9 % 1.9 %

22.8 % 23.8 % 19.3 %

17.5 % 12.7 %8.6 %

22.5 % 18.0 %22.4 %

19.2 %

18.0 %

15.0 %

22.5 % 30.1 % 29.6 %

35.4 % 48.7 % 61.4 %

12.0 %10.2 % 10.5 %

9.8 %

7.9 %

10.7 %

4.5 %5.3 % 5.2 %

7.4 % 3.5 %

13.9 % 9.7 % 11.0 %

6.1 % 7.9 %

4.7 %

1.9 %2.9 % 1.9 %


National issues

Which party do you trust most to deal with the most critical issue?

?

DK/NANo partyMNDP

CWGPMPRPMPPDP


21.3%17.3%

42.4%

13.8%

4.5%0.4%

0.4%

22.8%15.6%

43.7%

12.0%

5.5%0.1%

0.2%

22.0%116.5%

43.0%

12.9%

4.9%0.3%

0.3%

/

21.3%17.3%

42.4%

13.8%

4.5%0.4%

0.4%

22.8%15.6%

43.7%

12.0%

5.5%0.1%

0.2%

22.0%116.5%

43.0%

12.9%

4.9%0.3%

0.3%

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %


Would you say that Mongolia is generally going in the right direction or wrong direction?

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %

?

0

20

40

60

80

100

Right direction

Wrong direction


38.2 % 34.1 % 36.3 %

44.4 % 51.4 % 47.6 %

17.4 % 14.5 % 16.1 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

38.2 % 34.1 % 36.3 %

44.4 % 51.4 % 47.6 %

17.4 % 14.5 % 16.1 %

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %


Would you say that Mongolia is generally going in the right direction or wrong direction?

67.4 % 68.0% 67.7 %

7.6 % 9.2 % 8.3 %

25.0 % 22.8 % 24.0 %

?

0

20

40

60

80

100

Right direction

Wrong direction


38.2 % 34.1 % 36.3 %

44.4 % 51.4 % 47.6 %

17.4 % 14.5 % 16.1 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

38.2 % 34.1 % 36.3 %

44.4 % 51.4 % 47.6 %

17.4 % 14.5 % 16.1 %


What is the top national issue facing Mongolia today?

?

0 10 20 30 40 50 60



Infrastructure

Education

Healthcare

Government corruption

Environment/pollution

Economy

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

/

( , , , , )

/

Of the economic issues facing Mongolia today, what do you think is the most critical?

?

0 10 20 30 40 50



Bad policies that do not attract foreign investment

Income Distribution

Cost of Living/Inflation

Standard of Living

Poverty

Unemployment

0 10 20 30 40 50

/

/


Why did you support that party?

0

20

40

60

80

100

Because of my party affiliation

Because my family is supportive of that party

Because it is the best party

Because it had the best candidate(s)

OtherDon't know/Refused to answer


4.1 % 5.1 % 4.5 %

37.1 %37.0 %

37.0 %

18.9 %18.8 % 18.9 %

18.0 %24.7 %

21.0 %

18.3 %8.3 %

13.9 %

3.6 % 6.1 % 4.7 %

?

-

/

0

20

40

60

80

100 4.5 % 5.1 % 4.1 %

37.0 %37.0 %

37.1 %

18.9 %18.8 % 18.9 %

21.0 %

24.7 %18.0 %

13.9 %8.3 %

18.3 %

4.7 % 6.1 % 3.6 %

Why did you support that party?

0

20

40

60

80

100




Because it had the best candidate(s)

OtherDon't know/Refused to answer


4.1 % 5.1 % 4.5 %

37.1 %37.0 %

37.0 %

18.9 %18.8 % 18.9 %

18.0 %24.7 %

21.0 %

18.3 %8.3 %

13.9 %

3.6 % 6.1 % 4.7 %

?

-

/

0

20

40

60

80

100 4.5 % 5.1 % 4.1 %

37.0 %37.0 %

37.1 %

18.9 %18.8 % 18.9 %

21.0 %

24.7 %18.0 %

13.9 %8.3 %

18.3 %

4.7 % 6.1 % 3.6 %

leadership and Party approval Ratings

Which party did you support in the last Parliamentary election of 2012?

0

20

40

60

80

100

DK/NAI didn't participate in the 2012 elections

CWGPMPRPMPPDP


5.7 % 4.8 % 5.3 %

11.8 %19.2 %

15.2 %

8.6 %

11.4 %9.9 %

28.4 %19.3 %

24.2 %

44.7 % 44.3 % 44.5 %

2012 - ?

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

2012 -

/-

5.7 % 4.8 % 5.3 %

11.8 %19.2 %

15.2 %

8.6 %

11.4 %9.9 %

28.4 %19.3 %

24.2 %

44.7 % 44.3 % 44.5 %

Why did you support that party? (by voters)

0

20

40

60

80

100

Don't know/Refused to answerOther

Because it had the best candidate(s)Because it is the best party

Because my family is supportive of that partyBecause of my party affiliation

MPRPMPPDP

4.1 % 3.6 % 4.9 %

31.1 %

38.0 % 37.9 %

25.0 %17.6 % 18.4 %

25.0 %

19.3 %21.1 %

10.8 %19.6 %

11.4 %

4.1 % 6.3 %

? ()

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

4.1 % 3.6 % 4.9 %

31.1 %

38.0 % 37.9 %

25.0 %

17.6 % 18.4 %

25.0 %

19.3 %21.1 %

10.8 %19.6 %

11.4 %

4.1 % 6.3 %

Why did you support that party? (by age)

0

20

40

60

80

100


OtherBecause it had the best candidate(s)




60 +50 - 5940 - 4930 - 3925 - 2918 - 24

5.7 % 4.1 % 4.5 %

40.7 % 39.8 %34.8 %

19.3 % 15.3 %

21.9 %

25.7 %

22.8 %17.9 %

5.0 %11.9 %

16.9 %

3.6 %

4.8 %

43.4 %

14.5 %

24.7 %

7.8 %

4.8 % 4.0 %

?? ( )

6.1 %5.3 %

33.6 %

20.8 %

19.6 %

17.0 %

3.8 %

29.1 %

23.6 %

14.2 %

25.2 %

5.5 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

-

60 +50 - 5940 - 4930 - 3925 - 2918 - 24

5.7 % 4.1 % 4.5 %

40.7 % 39.8 %34.8 %

19.3 %15.3 %

21.9 %

25.7 %

22.8 %17.9 %

5.0 %11.9 %

16.9 %

3.6 %

4.8 %

43.4 %

14.5 %

24.7 %

7.8 %

4.8 % 4.0 %6.1 %5.3 %

33.6 %

20.8 %

19.6 %

17.0 %

3.8 %

29.1 %

23.6 %

14.2 %

25.2 %

5.5 %


Party performance: Democratic Party

Don't know/Refused to answerDisapprove

Approve

Nationwide

Ulan Bator

Countryside 35.8 % 52.1 % 12.1 %

32.6 % 56.9 % 10.5 %

38.5 % 48.0 % 13.5 %

:

/

35.8 % 52.1 % 12.1 %

32.6 % 56.9 % 10.5 %

38.5 % 48.0 % 13.5 %

Party performance: Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party


DisapproveApprove

Nationwide

Ulan Bator

Countryside 15.0 % 65.3 % 19.7 %

15.0 % 70.4 % 14.6 %

15.0 % 67.7 % 17.3 %

:

/

15.0 % 65.3 % 19.7 %

15.0 % 70.4 % 14.6 %

15.0 % 67.7 % 17.3 %

Party performance: MPP (by voters)

0 20 40 60 80 100

Don't know/Refused to answerDisapproveApprove

MPRP

MPP

DP 8.1 % 73.5 % 18.4 %

65.8 % 26.7 % 7.4 %

66.9 % 26.4 % 6.7 %

: ()

/

0 20 40 60 80 100

8.1 % 73.5 % 18.4 %

65.8 % 26.7 % 7.4 %

66.9 % 26.4 % 6.7 %

Party performance: MPRP (by voters)

0 20 40 60 80 100

Don't know/Refused to answerDisapproveApprove

MPRP

MPP

DP 8.1 % 73.5 % 18.4 %

13.5 % 72.7 % 13.8 %

66.9 % 26.4 % 6.7 %

: ()

0 20 40 60 80 100

/

8.1 % 73.5 % 18.4 %

13.5 % 72.7 % 13.8 %

66.9 % 26.4 % 6.7 %

Party performance: Mongolian People's Party


DisapproveApprove

Nationwide

Ulan Bator

Countryside 27.4 % 54.8 % 17.8 %

19.2 % 66.4 % 14.4 %

23.6 % 60.1 % 16.3 %

:

/

27.4 % 54.8 % 17.8 %

19.2 % 66.4 % 14.4 %

23.6 % 60.1 % 16.3 %

Which candidate did you support in the Presidential election of 2013?

0

20

40

60

80

100


Didn't participate

UdvalBat-ErdeneElbegdorj


4.3 % 4.0 % 4.1 %

6.2 %

5.5 %5.9 %

24.2 %

24.0 %24.1 %

56.9 %51.7 %

54.5 %

8.4 % 11.4 %

2013 ?

14.8 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

2013

-

56.9 51.7 54.524.2 24 24.16.2 5.5 5.98.4 14.8 11.44.3 4 4.1

4.3 % 4.0 % 4.1 %

6.2 %

5.5 %5.9 %

24.2 %

24.0 %24.1 %

56.9 %51.7 %

54.5 %

8.4 % 11.4 %14.8 % Party performance: Democratic Party (by voters)


DisapproveApprove

MPRP

MPP

DP 60.5 % 30.2 % 9.3 %

13.5 % 75.5 % 11.1 %

12.8 % 78.4 % 8.8 %

: ()

/

60.5 % 30.2 % 9.3 %

13.5 % 75.5 % 11.1 %

12.8 % 78.4 % 8.8 %


If the Parliamentary elections were held today, which party would you most likely support?

0

20

40

60

80

100

DK/NAOther

MPRPMPPDP


38.6 %47.4 %

42.7 %

3.2 %

4.8 % 3.9 %7.6 %

8.4 %

7.9 %

19.7 %

14.0 %17.1 %

30.9 %25.4 % 28.3 %

- ?

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

38.6 %47.4 %

42.7 %

3.2 %

4.8 % 3.9 %7.6 %

8.4 %

7.9 %

19.7 %

14.0 %17.1 %

30.9 %25.4 % 28.3 %

If the Parliamentary elections were held today, which party would you most likely support? (valid percent only)

0

20

40

60

80

100

OtherMPRPMPPDP


5.3 % 9.1 % 6.8 %

12.3 %

15.9 %13.9 %

32.1 %26.6 %

29.8 %

50.3 % 48.4 % 49.5 %

-

0

20

40

60

80

100


5.3 % 9.1 % 6.8 %

12.3 %

15.9 %13.9 %

32.1 %26.6 %

29.8 %

50.3 % 48.4 % 49.5 %

Voting shift from 2012 Elections

DK/NANon-participantsCWGP supporters

MPRP supportersMPP supportersDP supporters

Most likely to support others Most likely to support MPRP Most likely to support MPP Most likely to support DP

82.4 % 80.5 % 75.6 % Others

2012

/ 2012 -

/-

82.4 % 80.5 % 75.6 %

If the Parliamentary elections were held today, which party would you most likely support? (by gender)

0

20

40

60

80

100

DK/NAOtherMPRPMPPDP

Nationwide FemaleMale

45.0 %

3.8 %7.2 %

15.3 %

28.6 %

40.9 %

4.0 %8.5 %

18.5 %

28.1 %

42.7 %

3.9 % 7.9 %

17.1 %

28.3 %

/

- ?()

0

20

40

60

80

100

45.0 %

3.8 %7.2 %

15.3 %

28.6 %

40.9 %

4.0 %8.5 %

18.5 %

28.1 %

42.7 %

3.9 % 7.9 %

17.1 %

28.3 %

If the Parliamentary elections were held today, which party would you most likely support? (by age)

0

20

40

60

80

100

DK/NAOtherMPRPMPPDP

60 +50 - 5940 - 4930 - 3925 - 2918 - 24

43.1 %

4.5 %6.0 %

14.2 %

32.2 %

51.0 %

4.4 %5.3 %

10.2 %

29.1 %

42 %

4.7 %5.8 %

14.6 %

32.9 %

39.4 %

3.7 % 7.7 %

19.5 %

29.6 %

42.5 %

3.1 %

10.5 %

21.5 %

22.4 %

39.3 %

2.1 %

17.1 %

26.4 %

15.0 %

- ?( )

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

60 +50 - 5940 - 4930 - 3925 - 2918 - 24

43.1 %

4.5 %6.0 %

14.2 %

32.2 %

51.0 %

4.4 %5.3 %

10.2 %

29.1 %

42 %

4.7 %5.8 %

14.6 %

32.9 %

39.4 %

3.7 % 7.7 %

19.5 %

29.6 %

42.5 %

3.1 %

10.5 %

21.5 %

22.4 %

39.3 %

2.1 %

17.1 %

26.4 %

15.0 %


In your opinion, who is the best leader for Mongolia today?

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Don'

t kno

w

10.

M. E

nkhb

old

9.

Alta

nkhu

yag

8.

Ochir

bat

7.

Bat-U

ul

6.

Battu

lga G

enco

5.

Ganb

aata

r

4.

Baga

band

i

3.

Mr. N

obod

y

2.

Enkh

baya

r

1.

Elbeg

dorj

Countryside

?

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

10.

M.

9.

.

8.

.

7.

.

-

6.

.

5.

.

4.

.

3.

2.

.

1.

.


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Don'

t kno

w

10.

M. E

nkhb

old

9.

Al

tank

huya

g

8.

Oc

hirba

t

7.

Ba

t-Uul

6.

Ba

ttulga

Gen

co

5.

Ga

nbaa

tar

4.

Ba

gaba

ndi

3.

M

r. Nob

ody

2.

En

khba

yar

1.

Elb

egdo

rj

Ulan Bator

?

10.

M.

9.

.

8.

.

7.

.

-

6.

.

5.

.

4.

.

3.

2.

.

1.

.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Don'

t kno

w

10.

M. E

nkhb

old

9.

Al

tank

huya

g

8.

Oc

hirba

t

7.

Ba

t-Uul

6.

B

attu

lga G

enco

5.

Ga

nbaa

tar

4.

Ba

gaba

ndi

3.

M

r. Nob

ody

2.

En

khba

yar

1.

Elb

egdo

rj

Nationwide

?

10.

M.

9.

.

8.

.

7.

.

-

6.

.

5.

.

4.

.

3.

2.

.

1.

.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


In your opinion, who is the best leader for Mongolia today? (by age groups, ranked by age)

? ( )

10. M

.

9..

8.

.

7..

-

6..

5.

.

4..

3.

2. .

1.

.

0

10

20

30

40

50 60 +50 - 5940 - 4930 - 3925 - 2918 - 24

Don't

know

10. B

at-Uu

l

9.Ba

ttulga

Gen

co

8.Alt

ankh

uyag

7.M.

Enkh

bold

6.Oc

hirba

t

5. Ba

gaba

ndi

4. Ga

nbaa

tar

3.En

khba

yar

2. Mr

. Nob

ody

1. Elb

egdo

rj

0

10

20

30

40

50 60 +50 - 5940 - 4930 - 3925 - 2918 - 24

Who do you trust more to improve the economic conditions of the country?

0

20

40

60

80

100


Civil society

Public sectorPrivate sector


13.3 % 13.0 % 13.1 %

38.4 % 34.1 % 36.4 %

31.0 % 33.0 % 31.9 %

17.3 % 18.5 %19.9 %

?

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

13.3 % 13.0 % 13.1 %

38.4 % 34.1 % 36.4 %

31.0 % 33.0 % 31.9 %

17.3 % 18.5 %19.9 %

How satisfied are you with the current business environment in Mongolia?

0

20

40

60

80

100

Don't know/Refused to answerVery dissatisfied

Somewhat dissatisfied

Somewhat satisfiedVery satisfied


10.3 % 10.1 % 10.3 %

24.2 % 24.1 % 24.1 %

42.5 % 43.1 % 42.8 %

21.6 % 21.4 % 21.5 %

1.4 % 1.3 % 1.3 %

?

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

10.3 % 10.1 % 10.3 %

24.2 % 24.1 % 24.1 %

42.5 % 43.1 % 42.8 %

21.6 % 21.4 % 21.5 %

1.4 % 1.3 % 1.3 %

Business Environment issues


What is your opinion about the change in business environment over the past six months?

0

20

40

60

80

100

Don't know/Refused to answerWorsened

Stayed the sameImproved


11.8 % 10.7 % 11.3 %

35.9 % 38.2 % 37.0 %

17.7 % 14.2 % 16.0 %

34.6 % 35.7 %36.9 %

6 ?

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

11.8 % 10.7 % 11.3 %

35.9 % 38.2 % 37.0 %

17.7 % 14.2 % 16.0 %

34.6 % 35.7 %36.9 %

When you think of the private sector in Mongolia, what comes to mind?

0

20

40

60

80

100


Contributor to State budget

Environmental degradation

CorruptionJob creationEfficiency


10.1 % 6.9 % 8.5 %

7.4 %8.2 % 7.8 %

44.9 % 38.7 % 42.0 %

11.6 % 14.7 % 13.1 %

8.3 % 13.0 % 10.5 %

?

17.7 %18.5 % 18.1 %

0

20

40

60

80

100

/

10.1 % 6.9 % 8.5 %

7.4 %8.2 % 7.8 %

44.9 % 38.7 % 42.0 %

11.6 % 14.7 % 13.1 %

8.3 % 13.0 % 10.5 %

17.7 %18.5 % 18.1 %

Is there any area where you have experienced an improvement in the business environment over the last year? (open ended)

? ( )

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Nationwide

Ulan Bator

Countryside

21. Don't know/No answer

20. None19.Other

18. Decreased/Worsened17. No change

16. Improved15. Worse regulations/legal environment

14. Manufacture

13. Open environment12. Finances/Bank

11. Investment

10. Taxes/tax policy9. Loans to businesses

8. Financial support

7. Inflation

6. Better regulations/legal environment5. Income increased

4. Market/trade3. SME

2.Rural development

1. Infrastructure 2.0 %

1.2 %

0.9 %

0.6 %

0.5 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.2 %

0.2 %

0.1 %

1.1 %

16.5 %

1.6 %

1.4 %

0.9 %

70.7 %

2.2 %

1.4 %

0.9 %

0.7 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

1.1 %

18.3 %

0.2 %

1.2 %

0.4 %

71.5 %

1.7 %

1.0 %

0.9 %

0.4 %

0.6 %

0.7 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.7 %

0.3 %

0.4%

0.3 %

0.3 %

1.0 %

14.3 %

3.2 %

1.6 %

1.4 %

69.7 %

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

21. /

20. 19.

18. 17.

16. 15. ,

14.

13. /Open environment/12.

11.

10. 9.

8.

7.

6. ,

5.

4. 3.

2.

1. 2.0 %

1.2 %

0.9 %

0.6 %

0.5 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.2 %

0.2 %

0.1 %

1.1 %

16.5 %

1.6 %

1.4 %

0.9 %

70.7 %

2.2 %

1.4 %

0.9 %

0.7 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

1.1 %

18.3 %

0.2 %

1.2 %

0.4 %

71.5 %

1.7 %

1.0 %

0.9 %

0.4 %

0.6 %

0.7 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.7 %

0.3 %

0.4%

0.3 %

0.3 %

1.0 %

14.3 %

3.2 %

1.6 %

1.4 %

69.7 %

Is there any area where you have experienced an improvement in the business environment over the last year? (open ended)

? ( )

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Nationwide

Ulan Bator

Countryside

21. Don't know/No answer

20. None19.Other

18. Decreased/Worsened17. No change

16. Improved15. Worse regulations/legal environment

14. Manufacture

13. Open environment12. Finances/Bank

11. Investment

10. Taxes/tax policy9. Loans to businesses

8. Financial support

7. Inflation

6. Better regulations/legal environment5. Income increased

4. Market/trade3. SME

2.Rural development

1. Infrastructure 2.0 %

1.2 %

0.9 %

0.6 %

0.5 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.2 %

0.2 %

0.1 %

1.1 %

16.5 %

1.6 %

1.4 %

0.9 %

70.7 %

2.2 %

1.4 %

0.9 %

0.7 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

1.1 %

18.3 %

0.2 %

1.2 %

0.4 %

71.5 %

1.7 %

1.0 %

0.9 %

0.4 %

0.6 %

0.7 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.7 %

0.3 %

0.4%

0.3 %

0.3 %

1.0 %

14.3 %

3.2 %

1.6 %

1.4 %

69.7 %

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

21. /

20. 19.

18. 17.

16. 15. ,

14.

13. /Open environment/12.

11.

10. 9.

8.

7.

6. ,

5.

4. 3.

2.

1. 2.0 %

1.2 %

0.9 %

0.6 %

0.5 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.3 %

0.2 %

0.2 %

0.1 %

1.1 %

16.5 %

1.6 %

1.4 %

0.9 %

70.7 %

2.2 %

1.4 %

0.9 %

0.7 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

1.1 %

18.3 %

0.2 %

1.2 %

0.4 %

71.5 %

1.7 %

1.0 %

0.9 %

0.4 %

0.6 %

0.7 %

0.4 %

0.1 %

0.4 %

0.4 %

0.7 %

0.3 %

0.4%

0.3 %

0.3 %

1.0 %

14.3 %

3.2 %

1.6 %

1.4 %

69.7 %


0 5 10 15 20


High taxes

Access to credit


Corruption in government institutions









?

10.3 %

0.6 %

1.6 %

3.0 %

7.1 %

6.8 %

7.9 %

11.0 %

8.3 %

12.3 %

15.0 %

16.1 %

6.1 %

2.2 %

3.3 %

4.5 %

6.5 %

7.2 %

10.0 %

8.1 %

12.0 %

11.7 %

13.9 %

14.7 %

8.3 %

1.3 %

2.4 %

3.7 %

6.8 %

7.0 %

8.9 %

9.7 %

10.0 %

12.0 %

14.5 %

15.5 %

0 5 10 15 20

(, )

, ,

/ 10.3 %

0.6 %

1.6 %

3.0 %

7.1 %

6.8 %

7.9 %

11.0 %

8.3 %

12.3 %

15.0 %

16.1 %

6.1 %

2.2 %

3.3 %

4.5 %

6.5 %

7.2 %

10.0 %

8.1 %

12.0 %

11.7 %

13.9 %

14.7 %

8.3 %

1.3 %

2.4 %

3.7 %

6.8 %

7.0 %

8.9 %

9.7 %

10.0 %

12.0 %

14.5 %

15.5 %



0 5 10 15 20


High taxes

Access to credit











?

10.3 %

0.6 %

1.6 %

3.0 %

7.1 %

6.8 %

7.9 %

11.0 %

8.3 %

12.3 %

15.0 %

16.1 %

6.1 %

2.2 %

3.3 %

4.5 %

6.5 %

7.2 %

10.0 %

8.1 %

12.0 %

11.7 %

13.9 %

14.7 %

8.3 %

1.3 %

2.4 %

3.7 %

6.8 %

7.0 %

8.9 %

9.7 %

10.0 %

12.0 %

14.5 %

15.5 %

0 5 10 15 20

(, )

, ,

/ 10.3 %

0.6 %

1.6 %

3.0 %

7.1 %

6.8 %

7.9 %

11.0 %

8.3 %

12.3 %

15.0 %

16.1 %

6.1 %

2.2 %

3.3 %

4.5 %

6.5 %

7.2 %

10.0 %

8.1 %

12.0 %

11.7 %

13.9 %

14.7 %

8.3 %

1.3 %

2.4 %

3.7 %

6.8 %

7.0 %

8.9 %

9.7 %

10.0 %

12.0 %

14.5 %

15.5 %


0 5 10 15 20


High taxes

Access to credit











?

10.3 %

0.6 %

1.6 %

3.0 %

7.1 %

6.8 %

7.9 %

11.0 %

8.3 %

12.3 %

15.0 %

16.1 %

6.1 %

2.2 %

3.3 %

4.5 %

6.5 %

7.2 %

10.0 %

8.1 %

12.0 %

11.7 %

13.9 %

14.7 %

8.3 %

1.3 %

2.4 %

3.7 %

6.8 %

7.0 %

8.9 %

9.7 %

10.0 %

12.0 %

14.5 %

15.5 %

0 5 10 15 20

(, )

, ,

/ 10.3 %

0.6 %

1.6 %

3.0 %

7.1 %

6.8 %

7.9 %

11.0 %

8.3 %

12.3 %

15.0 %

16.1 %

6.1 %

2.2 %

3.3 %

4.5 %

6.5 %

7.2 %

10.0 %

8.1 %

12.0 %

11.7 %

13.9 %

14.7 %

8.3 %

1.3 %

2.4 %

3.7 %

6.8 %

7.0 %

8.9 %

9.7 %

10.0 %

12.0 %

14.5 %

15.5 %


0 5 10 15 20


High taxes

Access to credit











?

10.3 %

0.6 %

1.6 %

3.0 %

7.1 %

6.8 %

7.9 %

11.0 %

8.3 %

12.3 %

15.0 %

16.1 %

6.1 %

2.2 %

3.3 %

4.5 %

6.5 %

7.2 %

10.0 %

8.1 %

12.0 %

11.7 %

13.9 %

14.7 %

8.3 %

1.3 %

2.4 %

3.7 %

6.8 %

7.0 %

8.9 %

9.7 %

10.0 %

12.0 %

14.5 %

15.5 %

0 5 10 15 20

(, )

, ,

/ 10.3 %

0.6 %

1.6 %

3.0 %

AmCham-Mongolia-Nationwide-Survey-Report-ENGLISH.pdf

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