All Nobel Prizes in Physics

7/29/2019 All Nobel Prizes in Physics

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www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/

All Nobel Prizes in PhysicsThe Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded 106 times to 194 Nobel Laureates between 1901 and 2012. John

Bardeen is the only Nobel Laureate who has been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice, in 1956 and

1972. This means that a total of 193 individuals have received the Nobel Prize in Physics. Click on the links to

get more information.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012Serge HarocheandDavid J. Wineland

"for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantumsystems"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011Saul Perlmutter, Brian P. SchmidtandAdam G. Riess

"for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2010Andre GeimandKonstantin Novoselov

"for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009Charles Kuen Kao

"for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication"

Willard S. BoyleandGeorge E. Smith

"for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit - the CCD sensor"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008Yoichiro Nambu

"for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics"

Makoto KobayashiandToshihide Maskawa

"for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of

quarks in nature"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007
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Albert FertandPeter Grnberg

"for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006John C. MatherandGeorge F. Smoot

"for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005Roy J. Glauber

"for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence"

John L. Hall andTheodor W. Hnsch

"for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical

frequency comb technique"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2004David J. Gross, H. David PolitzerandFrank Wilczek"for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003Alexei A. Abrikosov, Vitaly L. GinzburgandAnthony J. Leggett

"for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2002Raymond Davis Jr.andMasatoshi Koshiba

"for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, in particular for the detection of cosmic neutrinos"

Riccardo Giacconi

"for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001Eric A. Cornell, Wolfgang KetterleandCarl E. Wieman

"for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental

studies of the properties of the condensates"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000"for basic work on information and communication technology"

Zhores I. AlferovandHerbert Kroemer

"for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics"

Jack S. Kilby
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"for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1999Gerardus 't HooftandMartinus J.G. Veltman

"for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1998Robert B. Laughlin, Horst L. StrmerandDaniel C. Tsui"for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-TannoudjiandWilliam D. Phillips

"for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1996David M. Lee, Douglas D. OsheroffandRobert C. Richardson

"for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1995"for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics"

Martin L. Perl

"for the discovery of the tau lepton"

Frederick Reines

"for the detection of the neutrino"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1994"for pioneering contributions to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed

matter"

Bertram N. Brockhouse

"for the development of neutron spectroscopy"

Clifford G. Shull

"for the development of the neutron diffraction technique"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1993Russell A. HulseandJoseph H. Taylor Jr.

"for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of

gravitation"
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The Nobel Prize in Physics 1992Georges Charpak

"for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1991Pierre-Gilles de Gennes

"for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalizedto more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1990Jerome I. Friedman, Henry W. KendallandRichard E. Taylor

"for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound

neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1989Norman F. Ramsey

"for the invention of the separated oscillatory fields method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other

atomic clocks"

Hans G. DehmeltandWolfgang Paul

"for the development of the ion trap technique"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1988Leon M. Lederman, Melvin SchwartzandJack Steinberger

"for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the

discovery of the muon neutrino"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1987J. Georg BednorzandK. Alexander Mller

"for their important break-through in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials"


Ernst Ruska"for his fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first electron microscope"

Gerd BinnigandHeinrich Rohrer

"for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1985Klaus von Klitzing

"for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect"
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The Nobel Prize in Physics 1984Carlo RubbiaandSimon van der Meer

"for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z,

communicators of weak interaction"


Subramanyan Chandrasekhar"for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars"

William Alfred Fowler

"for his theoretical and experimental studies of the nuclear reactions of importance in the formation of the

chemical elements in the universe"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1982Kenneth G. Wilson

"for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981Nicolaas BloembergenandArthur Leonard Schawlow

"for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy"

Kai M. Siegbahn

"for his contribution to the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1980James Watson CroninandVal Logsdon Fitch

"for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1979Sheldon Lee Glashow, Abdus SalamandSteven Weinberg

"for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary

particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1978Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa

"for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of low-temperature physics"

Arno Allan PenziasandRobert Woodrow Wilson

"for their discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1977Philip Warren Anderson, Sir Nevill Francis MottandJohn Hasbrouck van Vleck
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"for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered

systems"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1976Burton RichterandSamuel Chao Chung Ting

"for their pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1975Aage Niels Bohr, Ben Roy MottelsonandLeo James Rainwater

"for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the

development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1974Sir Martin RyleandAntony Hewish

"for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics: Ryle for his observations and inventions, in particular of the

aperture synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of pulsars"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1973Leo EsakiandIvar Giaever

"for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors,

respectively"

Brian David Josephson

"for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those

phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effects"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1972John Bardeen, Leon Neil CooperandJohn Robert Schrieffer

"for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1971Dennis Gabor

"for his invention and development of the holographic method"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1970Hannes Olof Gsta Alfvn

"for fundamental work and discoveries in magnetohydro- dynamics with fruitful applications in different parts

of plasma physics"

Louis Eugne Flix Nel

"for fundamental work and discoveries concerning antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism which have led to

important applications in solid state physics"
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The Nobel Prize in Physics 1969Murray Gell-Mann

"for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their

interactions"


Luis Walter Alvarez"for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of

resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber

and data analysis"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1967Hans Albrecht Bethe

"for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy

production in stars"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1966Alfred Kastler

"for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965Sin-Itiro Tomonaga,Julian SchwingerandRichard P. Feynman

"for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of

elementary particles"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964Charles Hard Townes, Nicolay Gennadiyevich BasovandAleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov

"for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and

amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963Eugene Paul Wigner

"for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through thediscovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles"

Maria Goeppert MayerandJ. Hans D. Jensen

"for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1962Lev Davidovich Landau

"for his pioneering theories for condensed matter, especially liquid helium"
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The Nobel Prize in Physics 1961Robert Hofstadter

"for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries

concerning the structure of the nucleons"

Rudolf Ludwig Mssbauer

"for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this

connection of the effect which bears his name"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1960Donald Arthur Glaser

"for the invention of the bubble chamber"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959Emilio Gino SegrandOwen Chamberlain

"for their discovery of the antiproton"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1958Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov, Ilja Mikhailovich FrankandIgor Yevgenyevich Tamm

"for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1957Chen Ning YangandTsung-Dao (T.D.) Lee

"for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding

the elementary particles"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956William Bradford Shockley,John BardeenandWalter Houser Brattain

"for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1955Willis Eugene Lamb

"for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum"

Polykarp Kusch

"for his precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1954Max Born

"for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics, especially for his statistical interpretation of the

wavefunction"
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Walther Bothe

"for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1953Frits (Frederik) Zernike

"for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contrast

microscope"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1952Felix BlochandEdward Mills Purcell

"for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in

connection therewith"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1951Sir John Douglas CockcroftandErnest Thomas Sinton Walton

"for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1950Cecil Frank Powell

"for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding

mesons made with this method"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1949Hideki Yukawa

"for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1948Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett

"for his development of the Wilson cloud chamber method, and his discoveries therewith in the fields of nuclear

physics and cosmic radiation"


Sir Edward Victor Appleton"for his investigations of the physics of the upper atmosphere especially for the discovery of the so-called

Appleton layer"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1946Percy Williams Bridgman

"for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made

therewith in the field of high pressure physics"
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The Nobel Prize in Physics 1945Wolfgang Pauli

"for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli Principle"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1944Isidor Isaac Rabi

"for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943Otto Stern

"for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic

moment of the proton"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1942No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to

the Special Fund of this prize section.





The Nobel Prize in Physics 1939Ernest Orlando Lawrence

"for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to

artificial radioactive elements"


Enrico Fermi"for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for

his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1937Clinton Joseph DavissonandGeorge Paget Thomson

"for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals"

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Victor Franz Hess

"for his discovery of cosmic radiation"

Carl David Anderson

"for his discovery of the positron"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1935James Chadwick

"for the discovery of the neutron"




Erwin SchrdingerandPaul Adrien Maurice Dirac"for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1932Werner Karl Heisenberg

"for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the

allotropic forms of hydrogen"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1931No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1930Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman

"for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1929Prince Louis-Victor Pierre Raymond de Broglie

"for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1928Owen Willans Richardson

"for his work on the thermionic phenomenon and especially for the discovery of the law named after him"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1927Arthur Holly Compton
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"for his discovery of the effect named after him"

Charles Thomson Rees Wilson

"for his method of making the paths of electrically charged particles visible by condensation of vapour"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1926Jean Baptiste Perrin

"for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of sedimentation

equilibrium"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1925James FranckandGustav Ludwig Hertz

"for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1924Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn

"for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1923Robert Andrews Millikan

"for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1922Niels Henrik David Bohr

"for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1921Albert Einstein

"for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1920Charles Edouard Guillaume

"in recognition of the service he has rendered to precision measurements in Physics by his discovery ofanomalies in nickel steel alloys"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1919Johannes Stark

"for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1918Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck
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"in recognition of the services he rendered to the advancement of Physics by his discovery of energy quanta"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1917Charles Glover Barkla

"for his discovery of the characteristic Rntgen radiation of the elements"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1916No Nobel Prize was awarded this year. The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1915Sir William Henry BraggandWilliam Lawrence Bragg

"for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1914Max von Laue

"for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1913Heike Kamerlingh Onnes

"for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of

liquid helium"


Nils Gustaf Daln"for his invention of automatic regulators for use in conjunction with gas accumulators for illuminating

lighthouses and buoys"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1911Wilhelm Wien

"for his discoveries regarding the laws governing the radiation of heat"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1910Johannes Diderik van der Waals

"for his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909Guglielmo MarconiandKarl Ferdinand Braun

"in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy"

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Gabriel Lippmann

"for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1907Albert Abraham Michelson

"for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with

their aid"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1906Joseph John Thomson

"in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of

electricity by gases"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1905Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard

"for his work on cathode rays"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1904Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt)

"for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection

with these studies"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903Antoine Henri Becquerel

"in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity"

Pierre CurieandMarie Curie, ne Sklodowska

"in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation

phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1902Hendrik Antoon LorentzandPieter Zeeman

"in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism

upon radiation phenomena"

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1901Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen

"in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays

subsequently named after him"
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All Nobel Prizes in Physics

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