Aircraft End of Life and recycling activities · Aircraft End of Life and recycling activities...
Transcript of Aircraft End of Life and recycling activities · Aircraft End of Life and recycling activities...
Aircraft End of Life and recycling activities
Torsten Müller, Fraunhofer
Paris Le Bourget 20 June 2013
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Initial situation • Current dismantling and recycling focus on
recovery of valuable materials (mainly metals) and reusable parts (e.g. landing gears, avionics)
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• No sufficient technology available for treatment of fibrous and polymeric materials; especially composites of both.
• Today incineration and disposal are treatment of choice, due to insufficient identification and recycling technologies.
Initial situation
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• Improvement of identification and mapping of materials and parts
• Development and optimization of CFRP treatment technologies – Reuse of production residue
– Fiber recovery by pulsed power fragmentation
– Fiber recovery by microwave pyrolysis
– Reuse of yarned recycling fibers in woven textiles
• Recycling of glass wool from insulation material as reinforcement in polymers and concrete
• Optimized dismantling and metal separation
Steps taken in CleanSky ED
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• Current total market share of carbon fibers used in commercial aircrafts: 10%
• Development: – A 310 (1980) and B 767 (1983): 5wt% of GFRP
– A 380 (2009): 25wt% of CFRP
– B 787 (2011) and A 350 XWB (2013): 50wt% of CFRP
– …..
• How to treat CFRP waste?
• How to regain high quality carbon fibers?
Growing carbon fibre demand
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Voltage: 70 – 500 kV
Current: 10 – 20 kA
Impulse energy: 10 – 100 Joule / cm
Power: 100 MW – 1,5 GW
Discharge time: 150 – 400 nsec
Pulsed Power Fragmentation
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The electric discharge preferably goes along phase boundaries in the solid.
The resulting plasma channel with temperatures of ~ 104 K generates a first pressure wave (tensile stress) with up to 1010 Pa.
The expansion of the plasma channel leads to secondary shock waves which intensify the disintegration of the solids / composites.
Pulsed Power Fragmentation
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Pulsed power fragmentation
Old concrete before fragmentation
After fragmentation: reinforcement, aggregates, calcite from process water and a fine fraction < 2mm
calcite
fine fraction aggregates
reinforcement
Application to concrete:
Pulsed Power Fragmentation
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Feasibility test to process CFRPs with
high voltage pulses in batch mode
Test specimen with carbon fibres before and after pulsed power fragmentation
Pulsed Power Fragmentation
Application to CFRPs:
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Polymer residue
SEM-picture: Carbon fibres released from a RTM6 resin matrix by pulsed power fragmentation.
Pulsed Power Fragmentation
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• Voltage and number of pulses depend on the type of composite (thermoplastic or thermoset)
• Current results produced with lab size batch equipment
• Continuous process is planned (running CfP)
• More information at Fraunhofer booth (Hall 1, booth G 316)
Pulsed Power Fragmentation
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• More economic dismantling strategies needed
• International network solution for high quality recycling of materials is needed, especially for materials with lower proportion by weight.
• Implementation of Design for Recycling strategies in the aviation sector
Future steps
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Thank You!
Any questions?
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