Air Law

1.05 AirspaceReferences:

FTGU pages 99-106TC AIM

1.05 Airspace

• MTPs:– Canadian Domestic Airspace– Classes of Airspace– Altimeter Setting Regions– Types of Controlled Airspace– VFR Cruising Altitudes

Canadian Domestic Airspace

Divided into:

Northern Domestic Airspace - NDA

Southern Domestic Airspace - SDA

NDA uses used True tracks for navigation

SDA uses Magnetic tracks for navigation

Canadian Domestic Airspace

Further broken into:

• High level airspace > 18000’ ASL– Contains Arctic, Northern, and Southern Control

Areas• Low level airspace < 18000’ ASL

– Contains• low level airways • control zones• terminal control areas• transition areas• control area extensions• military terminal control

areas.

Classes of Airspace

Classes of Airspace

• Airspace is further broken into classes based on what aircraft and what equipment is needed to fly into particular areas

• The are given a letter from A to G

• The next slide is an overview, we will discuss each class

Classes of Airspace

Classes of Airspace

Class A• Only aircraft on an IFR flight plan may fly in this class• All aircraft must have a radio for 2 way communication• All aircraft must have a transponder (gives altitude and

position information to ATC)• Goes from 18000’ ASL to 60000’ ASL

Classes of Airspace

Class B• IFR and Controlled VFR aircraft• All aircraft must have a radio for 2 way

communication• All aircraft must have a transponder • Goes from 12500’ ASL to 17999’ ASL

Classes of AirspaceClass C

• IFR and VFR aircraft (VFR aircraft need clearance to enter)• All aircraft must have a radio for 2 way communication• All aircraft must have at transponder• Often this airspace is around an airport • Goes from ground to a specified altitude, no cap given

Classes of Airspace

Class D• IFR and VFR aircraft • VFR aircraft have to make contact prior to entering the

zone• Often this airspace is around an airport• Very similar to class C however is used around airports

with less traffic

Classes of AirspaceClass E

• IFR and VFR, no requirements for VFR aircraft• Used when there is operational need to have controlled airspace but

does not meet the requirements of A, B, C, or D airspace• Often designated around an airport or for Low Level Airways• Low level airways extend from the ground to 2200’ AGL

Classes of AirspaceClass F

• Restricted Airspace • Designated when due to the nature of the activities this airspace is

unsafe to fly through• CYA – Advisory CYR – Restricted• May fly through CYA airspace, need permission to fly into CYR

airspace• Altitudes and times will be given on a map

Classes of Airspace

Class G• Uncontrolled Airspace• All airspace not designated A, B, C, D, E or F• ATC has no responsibility or authority • Any aircraft may fly here, no special equipment

needed

Classes of Airspace

Confirmation

• Select the number (s) that correspond to the correct class of airspace

A 1 – Radio req’dB 2 – Transponder

req’dC 3 – CYR D 4 – Uncontrolled E 5 – Control Zone F 6 – CVFR availableG 7 – IFR only

8 – VFR

Altimeter Setting Regions

Before we go flying we must set our altimeter to the pressure setting at the station to ensure our altimeters are reading correctly

The further north you go there are less weather stations that can give a pilot the current pressure setting

Therefore regions have been set for where to set your altimeter to a pressure setting and where to set your altimeter to the standard pressure – 29.92”Hg

Altimeter Setting Region• Altimeter Setting Region:

– Airspace of defined dimensions below 18 000ft ASL

– pilot must set altimeter to the current altimeter setting and if that is not available, to the elevation of the aerodrome

• Standard Pressure Region:– All airspace above 18 000ft

and all airspace outside the bounds of the altimeter setting region

– The altimeter is to be set to 29.92” Hg

Altimeter Setting Regions

Types of Controlled Airspace

• Control Zone:– Defined airspace around an airport extending

from the surface to a specific height– Designated around certain aerodromes to

keep IFR a/c within controlled airspace during approaches and to facilitate the control of VFR and IFR traffic

• Standard control zone– Radius may be either 5, 7 or 10nm

Types of Controlled Airspace

Control Zone

Types of Controlled Airspace

Control Area:A defined area of space in

the vicinity of an airport located above the control zone for the purpose of protecting A/C joining nearby airways

Types of Controlled Airspace

• Terminal Control Area– Extended area of control

around a very large and busy airport

– Ex. Vancouver, Toronto– Looks like an inverted

wedding cake

VFR Cruising Altitudes• VFR Cruising Altitudes

– Used for aircraft separation

• Based on TRACK, from 3000’AGL to 12499’ASLEast is least West is best

0 to 179

VFR Cruising Altitudes

Confirmation

• Fill in the blanks:

Confirmation

• Fill in the blanks:

That’s not flying! That’s falling with style!