AIM: Describe instinctive and learned behaviors as well as patterns of behavior in animals?

OBJ: Given notes and activity sheet SWBAT describe types and patterns of behavior in animals with 70% accuracy

DN: Copy notes

ACT: Introduction to behavior / patterns of behavior (notes)

HW: Text, read p.149-154 and p.157-163; Complete What is Behavior? Activity Sheet; Vertebrate Exam, this Wednesday, Dec. 3

Lesson NotesStimulus: a signal that causes an organism to react in some way.

Response: an organism’s reaction to a stimulus. (All animal behaviors are caused by stimuli)

Function of Behavior: survival and reproduction

Lesson NotesInstinct: behavior without being taught (not learned); a response that is inborn (coded in the genes) and performed correctly the first time.

Learned Behavior: change in behavior based on practice or experience.

Types of Learned Behavior:

1. Imprinting: newborn recognizes and follows the first moving object they see

(e.g., duckling follows human)

Lesson Notes2. Conditioning: a specific stimulus or response leads to a good or a bad outcome (e.g., Pavlov’s dog, salivate at the sound of a bell).

3. Trial-and-Error Learning: repeated practice that results in a reward and avoids behaviors that result in a punishment.

4. Insight Learning: using what you know to solve a problem.

Lesson NotesPatterns of Behavior

Communication: animals use sounds, scents, body movements to communicate.

Pheromone: a chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior of another animal of the same species (e.g., ant pheromone trail).

Aggression: a threatening behavior that one animal uses to gain control over another animal. Aggression is due to competition over limited resources (food, water, space, shelter, and mates).

Lesson NotesCourtship Behavior: behavior to prepare for mating.

Group Behavior: beneficial for safety in numbers and sharing (cooperation) in work, food, water, shelter.

Circadian Rhythms: behavior cycles that occur over a day (e.g., awake/work daylight, sleep night time).

Hibernation: sleep/reduced activity during winter in which the need for food has stopped.

Migration: routine, seasonal journey of an animal from one place to another and back again.