Aids Counselling
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Transcript of Aids Counselling
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02/10/08 Bharti'2K 1
HIV AIDS CounselingHIV AIDS Counseling
Counseling incorporates aprocess of empowerment for
persons with HIV.
Living with HIV does not mean
living despite HIV
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Importance
Infection is life long
Diagnosis of HIV has enormous
psychological pressure and anxiety thatcan delay constructive change or worsen
illness
Behavioral change can prevent acquiringHIV or transmitting it to others
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Introduction
Counseling is an interpersonalinteraction & dialogue between aclient and someone who is trained and
skilled in counseling. It is a helping process where one
explicitly and purposefully gives onestime ,attention and skills to assist a
client explore their situation,identifyand act upon solutions within thelimitations of their given environment.
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OBJECTIVES
1.Provide psychosocial support to
those already affected-may be
HIV+ve or AIDS,
2.Prevent HIV infection.
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Counseling as a process
can
Ensure passing on correct information
Provide support at time of crisis
Encourage change when required
Help the client identify immediate & long termneeds
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Counseling Can
Propose realistic actions in different
situations for different people
Assist clients to accept and act oninformation on health&well being,and
Help client to be well informed and
appreciate technical,social,ethical andlegal implications of HIV testing
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WHERE?
ANYWHERE
Ward,clinic,bloodbank,school,mandir/guruduara.
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WHO?
Anyone You,me,doctor,nurse,psychologist,LT
,social worker,pharmacist
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Who is a Good counselor?
Own values must not
influence(open,non judgmental)
Must respect culture and traditions ofclient(positive regard for client)
Must take into account prevailing
beliefs about ailments in general andHIV in particular(knowledgeable)
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GOOD COUNSELOR
Must help clients and families to discover
culturally acceptable ways of expressing
emotions,anger,guilt,fear,sadness(cultura-
lly sensitive)
Patient and good listener
Able to maintain confidentiality
Objective with clarity.
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Techniques of Counseling
Active listening/attending
Reflection of feeling
Questioning-open ended,not multiplechoice or Y/N type
Paraphrasing-repeat clients statement
in your own words.Essence/summary
of clients words.
Interpretations
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Contents of Counseling
Primarily to prevent reinfection
Basic information about HIVinfection,opportunistic infections and means
of transmission
Specific information on risk reduction bychanging risk behaviors(safe sex,safe
syringes and safe motherhood)
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Contents of Counseling
How to tell others that one is HIVpositive
Handling hostility-fear & feeling abouthaving HIV
Supporting the process of anticipatorygrief
Planning continued involvement ofclient in self care
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Contents of Counseling
Establishing a supportive network to
provide physical and emotional care
during the course of the disease Exploring the ways of taking care of
survivors
Accepting fear of death and continue
to provide emotional support
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STAGES
Forming rapport and gaining trust
Defining and understanding roles ,boundaries
and needs
Process of ongoing,supportive counseling
Closure or ending counseling relationship.it
can be tapered off like we taper steroids
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Supportive Behavior of
CounselorVERBAL Clients
language
Repeat clientsstatement
Explain clearly
Summarises Respond to
primary message
Encourages:Isee,Yeah,go on.
Addresses by properadjective,behanji,prahji etc.
Gives needed
information. Uses humor.
No criticism.
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Supportive Behavior of Counselor
Non Verbal Clients tone
Look into
clients eyes
Nodoccassionally
Use facial expressions
Use occasional
gestures
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Non supportive Behavior of
Counselor
Verbal Advising
Preaching
Blaming &
judging
Cajoling
Interrogating
Excess reassuring
Straying on the topic
Encouragingdependence
Patronising attitude
Directing,demanding
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Non Supportive Behavior of
counselor
Non Verbal Looking away
Keeping a
distance Yawning
Frowning
Blank face
Using unpleasant tone
of speech
Speaking too fast ortoo slow
Moving around
Fidgeting.
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CONCLUSIONS
Counseling is an art and science
Requires self knowledge,discipline
and restraint besides knowledge ofHIV
Counselor should have a balance
between warmth and acceptability on
one hand and objectivity on the other.
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CONCLUSIONS
Approaches may be different but a
counselor should have qualities of
caring,empathy,self-awareness,culturalsensitivity and patience
Counseling techniques include active
attending,reflection of
feeling,questioning,interpretation,con-frontation and summarizing
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CONCLUSIONS
Counseling relationship has stages of
rapport forming,demystifying
counseling process and beginning theprocess of history taking and needs
definition,actual work of supporting
clients decisions,feelings and help
him/her change and finally ending ofrelationship.
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thanks