Afghanistan Ervaring - KIVI · 2015-11-20 · 1 Afghanistan Ervaring Hans Husselman GTZ Water...
Transcript of Afghanistan Ervaring - KIVI · 2015-11-20 · 1 Afghanistan Ervaring Hans Husselman GTZ Water...
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Afghanistan
Ervaring
Hans Husselman
GTZ Water Sector Improvement Program
Teamleader Component 3, Water Resources Management
7 juni 2010
KIVI NIRIA
Afdeling Oost
RODECO Consulting GmbH
Afghanistan,
Er is niet alleen
maar oorlog …..
Overzicht van ontwikkelingen in
Water Resources Management & UWSS
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Average 250 mm
North-East 1200 mm
South-West 60 mm
35°
-20°
ETP
1200mm North
1800mm South
South West
Water Resources
Amu Darya River Basin
Northern River Basin
Harirud-Murghab Basin
Helmand River Basin
Kabul-Eastern River BasinLand areaWater flow
Introduction: General information, water related
Climate
December 2002
May 2003
September 2003
Irrigatie
>80% Bevolking in landbouw
65 miljoen Ha
12% bebouwbaar
2% bosgebied
86% graasgebied of kaal
Efficientie 15 – 30 %
Op dit moment 2 miljoen Ha
onder irrigatie
Mid ’70’s Afghanistan zelf-
voorzienend in voedsel productie
Drinkwater voorziening
Geen toegang tot drinkwater
stedelijke gebieden 70%
platteland 80%
Efficientie watervoorziening
ongeveer 50%
Meer vraag dan voorziening
Vervuiling oppervlakte - en
grondwater
Slechte sanitatie,
Slechte/geen vast vuilinzameling
75% waterbronnen in Kabul vervuild
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Partners in the Water Sector
MoAILMoEW
MoM
MoRRD
AUWSSC/ MoUD
NEPAMoH
Ministry of Foreign Affairs for Transboundary waters
Lack of capable staff;
Non-functional institutions
Backlog supply versus demand
Main problems
No national water resources
development plan
Loss of hydrologic data
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Het leggen van de fundering
“Kabul Understandings” May 2002
ST
RA
TE
GIC
PO
LIC
Y
FR
AM
EW
OR
K fo
r the
WA
TE
R S
EC
TO
R
WA
TE
R R
ES
OU
RC
ES
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PO
LIC
Y
IRR
IGA
TIO
N
PO
LIC
Y
RIV
ER
BA
SIN
INS
TIT
UT
ION
AL
SE
T-U
P
UR
BA
N W
AT
ER
SU
PP
LY
PO
LIC
Y
UW
SS
SE
CT
OR
INS
TIT
UT
ION
AL
DE
VE
LO
PM
EN
T P
LA
N
Su
pre
me
Co
un
cil fo
r
Wa
ter A
ffairs
Mn
t.
(SC
WA
M)
GR
OU
ND
WA
TE
R
PO
LIC
Y
RU
RA
L W
AT
ER
SU
PP
LY
&
SA
NIT
AT
ION
PO
LIC
Y
Amendment
Water Law
Regulations
Hoever is de legpuzzel van de water sector
Mijn Werk IWRM (geïntegreerd water beheer)
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Vice Pres.
Technical
Secretariat
IWR
M
Riv
er
Ba
sin
Ap
pro
ac
h
Sp
litt
ing
Fu
nc
tio
ns
Sta
ke
ho
lde
r P
art
icip
ati
on
New
Water
Resources
Management
legislation
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IWR
M
It Looks at…..
Quality
Surface Water
Ground Water
But it also looks at:
Social aspects
Environmental aspects
Cultural aspects
Legal aspects
IWR
M
Economical aspects
?
But it also looks at:
Financial aspects
Institutional aspects
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Riv
er
Ba
sin
Ap
pro
ac
hS
pli
ttin
g F
un
cti
on
s
CONSTITUTIONAL
FUNCTION
•Vision establishment
•Policy development
•Formal legislation
•Creation of institutions
•Co-ordination of strategies
•Strategic planning
Ministry
Water Resources Sector
ORGANIZATIONAL
FUNCTION
River Basin Management
River Basin Council &
Sub-Basin Council
+
River Basin Agency &
Sub-Basin Agency
•Strategies
•Criteria, guidelines,
standards
•Secondary legislation,
regulation
•General management
•Organizational planning
•Organization of
implementation
OPERATIONAL FUNCTION
•Implementation
•Water use management
•Water utility management
•Monitoring
•Policing
•Sanctioning
Myrabs
District
Municipality
Water User Association
Water Service provider
Hydro power Service
provider
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River Basin Institutional ArrangementsS
tak
eh
old
er
Pa
rtic
ipa
tio
n
Representation
Advisory
Board of
Provincial
Departments
MRRD
MM
Health
NEPA
MUD
Economics
Municipalities
Ad
vic
e
Act
ive
rep
rese
nta
tion
Mirab Associations, Jirgas / Shuras, Other
Stakeholder / Community Organizations /
Associations, Supervisory board
Sub-basin
Council
MEW
River Basin
Coordination
River
Basin
Council
Advice
Tasks,
decisions
River
Basin Agency
Instructions
Advice
Executive operator /
service provider:
Mirab
Irr scheme operator
WS operator
Hydro-power operator
Provincial
Development /
Management
Committee
Sub-Basin
Agency
Information
Instructions
Supreme Council for Water Affairs Management• MEW
MRRD
MM
MUD
Kabul
Municipality
NEPA
Technical
Secretariat
River Basin Management Strategy
Sta
ke
ho
lde
r P
art
icip
ati
on
Functions and Powers of (Sub) Basin Council
Granting Licenses
Water Allocation
Regulate Water Use
Monitoring and Evaluation
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Urban Water Supply and Sanitation ---- 2008
MUD
CAWSS(SOE)
MoF
WS
funds
Herat
WS
Kandahar
WSKunduz
WS
Mazar-e-
Sharif WS
In total 32 provincial
water supply offices
My Work UWSS
Kabul
WS
Urban Water Supply and Sanitation 2008 ----
MoF
MUD
AUWSS
Corporation
May 2010
BoD
6x
SBU
Kabul
Herat
Kandahar
Kunduz
Mazar-e-Sharif
Jalabad
Smaller provincial
towns WS
SBU = Strategic Business Unit
Directly responsible for O&M
Only percentage of income to AUWSS HQ
Tariff setting still done by AUWSS
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Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Vision
MoF
MUD
AUWSS
Corporation
BoD
6x
WS companies
Kabul
Herat
Kandahar
Kunduz
Mazar-e-Sharif
Jalabad
Remaining
small
provincial
towns WS
BoD
Barrieres in de ontwikkeling
MoEW MoAIL
MoRRD
Irrigatie ? Donor
fluctuatie/coordinatie
Klein schalig, weinig
belangstelling MEW & MAIL
Succesvol bij donorenVrij oude staf bij MEW
....eigen belang
Te grote projecten --
”droomkastelen”AUWSS Corporation
op papier
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WATER : een
ongrijpbaar
natuurlijk
rijkdom
Dat moeilijk is vast te houden
De Magie van Water
MoEW MoAIL
MoRRD
VOORTGANG ?
ARD Cluster
Irrigatie ?
Water Beheer
Irrigatie
Plattelands
ontwikkeling
In River Basins
AUWSS Corporation baas over
stedelijk water (Mei 2010)AUWSSC
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Mijn ervaring met de Afghaanse counterparts
Infrastructuur
Samenwerking met
EU - Panj Amu Darya River Basin project
Grensoverschrijdende rivieren:
4 van 5 rivier-stroomgebieden grensoverschrijdend
WRMUWSS
Institutionele Opbouw
Mijn ervaring met de cultuur
Taal barriere
Afghanen zijn trotse mensen
حصاری زبان
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De Afghaanse droom/visie
Commercially operated business units
in urban water supply
Hydro-metric network operating
yesNational WR development plan
SCWAM + tech.secr functioning
Proper WRM curriculum at Universities
RBM
in place
De Afghaanse uitdagingen
• Improvement of human resources
• Creation of political will for support
• Setting-up institutional components
• Awareness creation with general public
• Opening dialogue for transboundary issues
• Establishment of water research institute
Info also at www.ands.gov.af
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Integrated
Water Resources
Management
for
a sustainable future
of
Afghanistan.
They work on that !!!
RODECO Consulting GmbH
AFGHAN GERMAN TECHNICAL CO-OPERATION