AFFORESTATION & REFORESTATION

PROJECTS UNDER THE CDM

Heiner von Luepke, FAO

Bishkek, 05/02/2007

•Forest plantations•Community based forest management•Agro forestry•Forest restoration?

•Better Livelihoods•Poverty reduction•Ecological benefits?

New momentum for forestry projects?

THE ESSENTIALS

Investment through Clean development mechanism

A-/Reforestation, Sustainable development

Carbon credits

Intermediaries

IS IT AFFORESTATION & REFORESTATION?

Time

2005

Afforestation

1990

Reforestation

1955

2005

Time

BASELINE - ADDITIONALITY

Additional, r

eal,

measurable + attributable

2000 2008 2012

Delta

Carbon sequ.

NON-PERMANENCE

Problem:Emission of CO2 in case of fire, pests, harvest

Solution:tCERs (temporary CERs), lCERs (long-term CERs)

PROPOSAL: REFORESTATION IN THE

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

Low forest cover country 4,3 %Reforestation rate 3,000 ha / yearPotential area for reforestation 1 mio haImport of forest products 20 Mio USD / year (FAO est.)Survival rate of plantations around 10 %

This means...

More potential for reforestationNext to protection: Reforestationcould give boost to national economyHigh demand for wood products by local people

OBJECTIVE: Increasing carbon sequestration through

reforestation activities

Planting of 36,000 ha until 2017:12,000 ha for protection (Lezhozes)24,000 ha for production (Ail Okmots, Lezhozes + local people)

Generation of “carbon credits”Improvement of reforestation practices and planted forest management

EXPECTED OUTCOMES

36 thousands hectares reforested1,7 Mio carbon credits = 6,8 Mio USD600 thousands m3 forest products = 40 Mio USDEnvironmental + socio-economic benefits

UNRESOLVED ISSUES

Designated National Authority in place?

Chosen the Forest definition?

DEFINITION OF “FOREST”

According to Kyoto Protocol, a “Forest” has:

Min. tree height Min. tree height 22--5 m5 m

Min. crown coverMin. crown cover 1010--30%30%

Min. areaMin. area 0.050.05--1 ha1 ha

Facts about the CDM forestdefinition

Used only for CDM forestry projectsNo interference with national forestdefinitionCDM definition voluntary, but:

without definition no investment in forestsector

For the proposed project: define “forest”and send to the UNFCCC

Challenges for carbon trading in forestry

Forest definitionDNACompliance with UNFCCC requirements:

PDD, Non-permanence, additionality

Benefits of carbon trading forforestry

Enlargement of forest areaReforestation becomes profitableEnergy substitution: Firewood may replaceelctricity and coal