UNFCCC/CCNUCC CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN ... · 1 CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM PROJECT...

UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board

PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES

(CDM- SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 02

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CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM

PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD)

Once amendments or new simplified methodologies have been approved this document needs to be updated

CONTENTS A. General description of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity B. Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology C. Estimation the net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks D. Environmental impacts of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity

E. Socio-economic impacts of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity F. Stakeholders’ comments

Annexes

Annex 1: Contact information on participants in the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity

Annex 2: Information regarding public funding Annex 3: Declaration on low-income communities Annex 4: List of accompanying documents (available upon request from the project developer): Annex 5: Criteria and indicators for sustainable development -AnnexⅢ of Decree of Minister of Environment (MOE) No.206 2005-

Annex 6: List of participants of interview on Participatory Rural Appraisal Investigation on Land eligibility and Socio-economic impacts of the A/R CDM project activities, and Stakeholders’ Comments




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SECTION A. General description of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: A.1. Title of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: Small-scale reforestation project in East Lombok, Indonesia A.2. Description of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: The project area is located on Kerbian, Labu Pandan Village, Sambelia Sub District, East Lombok District, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province, Indonesia. The area is a part of the severely degraded area of 5,565ha of the forest reserve where is categorized as a production forest of Provincial Forest. The land is to be reforested were deforested in 1980’s and current land use/covers are grasslands and buses. There is no chance for regeneration because of dense cover of weeds of (Heteropogon contortus and other grasses and vine types of legumes) in addition to extreme dryness and frequent fire. Sponsored by the Japan International Forestry Promotion and Cooperation Center (JIFPRO), a small scale A/R CDM project activity is proposed with a purpose for rehabilitation and sustainable management of the forest, specially, ・To increase income and alleviate poverty of local community from products of plantation ・To control and reserve soil degradation as the physical presence of tree roots and crowns ・To reduce run-off, increase soil water storage, and increase air and water quality ・To contribute to climate change mitigation by removing CO2 from atmosphere through the growth of planted trees To realize the objective above, 95 ha of mixed forest will be established. The species introduced are Samanea saman, Gmelina arborea, Tectona grandis and Azadirachta indica which are selected by the local community with advices from Provincial Forest Service. Parties for the supervising entities (JIFPRO and Provincial Forest Service), the operating entity (District Forest Office) and the local community hold a view that the proposed A/R CDM project activities will contribute to poverty alleviation and environment (soil rehabilitation and erosion control), thus contribute to sustainable development. In the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities, the local community will contribute planning of target trees and labor for planting and tending of the plantation. Technical Advisory Group composed by the members of JIFPRO, University of Mataram, Forestry Research and Development Center of Indonesia (FORDA) and Provincial Forest Service (DINAS) will supervise technologies and dispatch funds, and Office for Forest and Garden for Estate Crops of East Lombok District (LOTIM) will invest in planting activities. DINAS and LOTIM provide technical inputs and manage the plantations during the crediting period, as well as take the natural and investment risks. In return, the community owns the net income from forest products including 100% of thinned timber and 25% of timber from final logging, the LOTIM owns 3/4 of timber at final logging. And LOTIM, Provincial Forest Service and JIFPRO own the carbon credits produced by the project in 20%, 40% and 40%, respectively. In addition, the community will get labor income even if it is in short term. A.3 Project participants: Table A-1. Project participants




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Name of Party involved(*) ((Host) indicates a host Party

Private and/or public entities Project participants (as applicable)

Kindly indicate if the party involved wishes to be considered as project participant

Indonesia (host) Forest Service, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province (DINAS KEHUTANAN)(Public Entity)

No

Indonesia (host) Office for Forest and Garden for Estate Crops of East Lombok District (LOTIM)(Public Entity)

No

Indonesia (host) Community of Kerbian, Labu Pandan Village, Sambelia Sub District, East Lombok District(Private Entity)

No

Japan Japan International Forestry Promotion & Cooperation Center (Private Entity)

No

Japan Tokyomokkosho Co. LTD. (private Entity)

No

(*) In accordance with the CDM A/R modalities and procedures, at the time of making the CDM-SSC-ARPDD public at the stage of validation, a Party involved may or may not have provided its approval. At the time of requesting registration, the approval by the Party(ies) involved is required.

A.4. Technical description of the small-scale A/R CDM project activity: Technical issues of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities are described in detail in subsections below. A.4.1. Location of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: The proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities are located on Kerbian sub-village, Labu Pandan Village, Sambelia Sub District, East Lombok District, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province, Indonesia (Fig. A-1 & A-2).

Figure A-1 Map of Lombok Island and location of the proposed project site

Fig. A-1 Lombok Is.

Project site




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Figure A-2 Location of the Project Site A.4.1.1. Host Party(ies): Indonesia A.4.1.2. Region/State/Province etc.: Sambelia Sub District, East Lombok District, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province, Indonesia A.4.1.3. City/Town/Community etc: Kerbian Sub-Village, Labu Pandan Village, Sambelia Sub District Lands to be reforested are located on a part of Kurbian Sub-village of Labu Pandan Village. A.4.2. Detail of geographical location and project boundary, including information allowing the unique identification(s) of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: >>The project boundaries and geographical locations are indicated in the figure (Fig. A-2) and the specific positions (longitude & latitude) at edges of north, east, south and west of the area have been determined by using commercial GPS detection utensil (see Table A-2 and Fig. A-2 & A-3. Table A-2. Coordination of the proposed land

Sambelia Town Center

Kurbian Sub-village

Spring site




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Position Latitude (S, degree) Longitude (E, degree) East end of the proposed site 8 ﾟ 25’52.6” 116 ﾟ 41’13.7” West end of the proposed site 8 ﾟ 25’54.2” 116 ﾟ 40’33.2” North end of the proposed site 8 ﾟ 25’30.0” 116 ﾟ 40’51.4” South end of the proposed site 8 ﾟ 26’16.5” 116 ﾟ 40’43.8”

Figure A-3 Lands to be reforested in Kurbian Sub-Village, East Lombok District A.5. Technical description of the small-scale A/R CDM project activity: Technical issues of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities are described in detail in subsections below. A.5.1. Type(s) of small-scale A/R CDM project activity: Based on the Decision 14/CP.10 “Simplified modalities and procedures for small-scale afforestation and reforestation project activities under the clean development mechanism in the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol and measures to facilitate their implementation”, the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities belong to the type of grassland to forested land. A.5.2. A concise description of present environmental conditions of the area, which include information on climate, soils, main watershed, ecosystems, and the possible presence of rare or endangered species and their habitats: The environmental conditions of the project area are summarized as follows. *1)




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Landform The proposed area is located on a part of the gentle foothill of the Volcano Nangi (2,307m) which is a satellite volcano of Mt. Rinjani (3,767m). As both volcanoes belong to so-called the stratovolcano, basic topography of the Kurbian area is on the very gentle slope. However, strong dissection after the last eruption of Mt. Nangi had been occurred and formed very deep river. The proposed site lies on valleys bottom/deposits made of colluvial fan and lahar of Mt. Nangi and frequent covered by volcanic ash of Mt. Rinjani. The site is separated from deeply dissected river in the west side. The proposed are is located on the lower part of the convex gentle slope where is at elevation between 65m to 85m above sea level. The rock strata are dominated andesitic rocks by the lava flow and lahar deposit with stray rocks from upper parts. Climate Climate of the Sambelia Sub-district belongs to the ustic region where is characterized in fairly long distinctive dry season, 5 to 8 months with precipitation below 100mm (Kathryn A. Monk et al, 1997). A combination of low rainfall, high wind speed and intense solar radiation make the area one of the driest regions in this Lombok Island. The low annual rainfall of less than 1000mm is sometimes recorded (Table-A-3). Table A-3. Annual Rainfall in Sambelia Station of the proposed site in this 5-year period. (from meteorological data by the office of East Lombok District)

Month Station Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

sum

Sambelia 2003 194 360 126 129 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 135 983 2004 207 237 321 37 39 0 0 0 0 0 14 252 1,127 2005 140 213 187 204 0 0 84 35 20 18 17 191 1,109 2006 658 181 257 370 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 121 1,608 2007 128 348 277 147 21 61 0 0 0 0 11 39 1,032 Average 265 268 234 177 16 12 17 7 4 4 16 148 1,172

Temperature is usually very high in 25 ﾟ C in average, 18 ﾟ C in minimum average and 31 ﾟ C in maximum average. As the minimum recorded temperature was 15 ﾟ C, common tropical plants can grow if water is available. Because of the unusual dryness and strong solar radiation with high average temperature, drought would be occurred very often which was read from the meteorological data in Table A-3. Therefore, culture of agricultural crops and even tree crops is very difficult to grow in this area. Fortunately, there is no cold problem, including frosting and hailstone. Whereas the project site belongs to the tropical zone, so-called tropical storm had not been observed. Flooding was happened in riversides near the Sambelia Town in 2005. Rainfall which causes flooding is very rare in the District and the project site is very safe from this type of flooding because of the convex topography. Soils Parent materials of soils are derived from volcanic substances. Therefore, soils of the proposed site are categorized to Denumdera Land System in Indonesian classification. In American system, the soil types are to be corresponded to Inceptisols, particularly Ustropept in the sub-order level, with some area of Vertisols, particularly Pellustert. These soils are distributed in mosaic-like pattern.




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The soil contains a lot of rock fragments, sometimes as categorized as gravel soil. Clay contents are high in Vertisol and low in Inceptisol. However, the clay and sand contents are less than 50%. Soil reaction is almost neutral (pH6.6-7.3). As content of organic matter is low, soil fertility might be low. However, as juvenile geological materials derived from fresh volcanic eruption have been supplied to soil, potential productivity would be high because of lots of mineral nutrients. Any indication of soil erosion is not observed in the project site. Hydrology The small river, Sungai Kurbian, is running near the project site. The river is dry during dry season from April to November. As difference of level between the river and the project site is large, 10m-20m vertically, influence from the river is quite limited. Ecosystem The project site belongs to the tropical seasonal forest and categorized as E4 climatological group. The forest is usually dominated in Duabunga spp., Toona spp. and other longlife tall trees. However, as the project site and surrounding area has been degraded for long period, previous forests were devastated and various components of the original forest were disappeared. Few tree components are growing in small and limited patches as shown in Photo A-4. Current land use of the project site is grasslands dominated by Heteropogon contortus, Polytrias praemosa and others with some bushy types of woody plants. In the site, 138 plants are observed. Among them, 77 plants are herbaceous weed species, 56 are bushes and trees, and 5 are vines. Majority of them are the wilded vegetables introduced in shifting cultivation and trees and bushy type of woody plants introduced from outside in same time. The dominant woody plant is Zyzyphus mummularia which was introduced from outside (photo A-5). Concerning rare and endangered fauna and flora, 236 species of fauna are listed and 58 of flora are nominated in Indonesia (Groombridge, B., 1992). In the Lombok Island, endangered birds are 9 species and endangered plants are 26 species including a predicted species as follows;

Table A-4 . Protected Bird in Lombok (modified from WWF, 2004) No. Scientific name

1 Treros floris 2 Ducula lecernulata 3 Halcyon Australasia 4 Caridonax fulgidus 5 Pitta elegans 6 Zoothera dohertyi 7 Phylloscopus presbyted 8 Dicaeum maugei 9 Lichmera Lombokin

Source: Flora Dan Fauna Kawasan Gunung Rinjani (WWF, TNGR, DISHUT)

Table A- 5. List of protected flora in Lombok (modified from WWF, 2004) No. Scientific name

1 Magnolia candolii (= Talauma soembensis) 2 Myristica fatua var. Sphanoghean 3 Myristica lancifolia var. montana 4 Mammea congregate 5 Heritiera gigantean(?) 6 Flacourtia zippelii var. rindjanica




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7 Clethra javanica var. lombokensis 8 Christia paroiflora 9 Eucalyptus urophylla

10 Terminalia stambawana 11 Alangium villosum var. Popuflorum 12 Mangifera timorensis 13 Argyreia bifrons 14 Argyreia glabra 15 Stictocardia cordatosepaia 16 Vernonia albifolia 17 Vernonia tengwallii 18 Salacca zalacca var. Amboinensis 19 Chrysogogon lenuiculmis 20 Dendrobium rindjaniense 21 Peristylus alberlii 22 Peristylus rindjaniensis 23 Vanda lombokensis 24 Vanda drakei, Vanda punclata 25 Vanda tricuspidata 26 Dipterocarpus retusus

Source: Flora Dan Fauna Kawasan Gunung Rinjani (WWF, TNGR, DISHUT) In Lombok, these birds and plants in addition to animals are severely preserved in the Mt. Rinjani National Park. The project site is far from the preserved area and is not categorized as the conservation area. In the project site and surrounding areas, these endangered fauna and flora were not observed. A.5.3. Species and varieties selected: Tree species to be used have been determined by interviewing local community with advising of local government involved. These species are selected by consideration on survival under this severe dryness with taking into farmer’s income, value of associated forest products and carbon sequestration. These species include: ・Imba (Azadirachta indica) ・Jati (Tectona grandis) ・Jati Putih (Gmelina arborea) ・Trembesi (Samanea saman) ・Banten (Spondias pinnata) ・Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) All species are not categorized as the invasive trees in Indonesia. Whereas these trees are exotic in Lombok, all of them have been planted in this island for long periods. These species will be intermixed in planting (see Section A.5.4. for reforestation models.) Any GMO and vegetatively propagated seedlings are not used.




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A.5.4. Technology to be employed by the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: The technology to be employed by the A/R CDM project activities has been developed in South East Asia by and for rural communities to convert Imperata grasslands to more productive tree-based systems. The conditions required for successful use of the technology are: i) secure land and/or tree use rights, ii) community cooperation in fire prevention and suppression, and iii) species selection that matches socio-economic and biophysical conditions. The forestry office of Local Government provides technical consultation by using basic instruction developed by the members of the technical committee of the project. The technical committee is formed by the teachers of Mataram University, technical staffs of JIFPRO, staffs of Provincial Forest Service and a technical staff of Forestry Research and Development Agency of Indonesia. The basic instruction for management of the project activities are as follows: Preparation of irrigation water Because of water deficiency, almost of all past trials of tree planting and farming were failed. Therefore, watering is one of the most important measures for successful tree planting to the area. Fortunately, one small spring which never stops running even in the dry season was found on the mid-slope of Mt. Nangi above the project site. The water delivering system from the spring to the project site will be formed and watering system for seedlings including watering devices will be introduced. Pipe-line which is buried under soil will be used for delivery of water from the spring in 750m above sea level. Then, water will be stored in the main water tanks (Photo A-1) which are set on the uppermost parts of the project site. From the main tanks to planting sites, water will be delivered by piping and stored in the temporary tanks (Photo A-2). From the temporary tank, farmers will get water and give water to each seedling by using water dropping devices which are made by plastic bottles under the instruction by the committee.

Photo A-1 Main tank for water storage




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Photo A-2 Temporary tank with piping for watering to seedlings Site and soil preparation First, the area on which the project activities are to be implemented will be mapped and the project boundary is fixed to 95ha. To reduce GHG emission and protect existing carbon stocks, site burning and overall tillage will not be employed during site and soil preparation. Existing non-tree vegetation will be slashed manually along the line for planting. Small holes, widths of 30cm×30cm and depth in 30cm, will be dug along the contour with the small mound for collecting and introducing water to the planting pits in the rainy season. The site preparation works will be conducted by farmers by themselves who will get the land of 0.5-2.0 ha of land per family for management. Fire management Wild fires are very common in this area. The fire is one of the reasons why grasslands have been maintained for the long period. Therefore, fire control will be the most important measure for successful management of the project. Then, following measures for fire prevention will be introduced. ・Construction of fire breaks; Fire will be flying from outside of the area, particularly from residential

sides. Therefore, 20~50m of fire breaks in width will be constructed on the boundary to private lands. ・Removal of cut grass; Fire usually runs on the dried grass. Therefore, ground clearing in planting

sites will be conducted before the dry season and the cut grass will be used for such as compost making etc.

・Establishment of fire defending tree lines; As fire usually flies from outside, fire defending hedges or tree lines will be set by using a multi-purpose tree, Banten (Spondias pinnata) and Gamal (Gliricidia sepium), in both sides of the fire break (Photo A-3).




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Photo A-3 Fire defending hedge or tree line – Spondias pinnata line Species and model arrangements Tree species selected for the project are Jati puteh, Jati, Trembesi and Mimba. And Banten and Gamal are planted on the both sides of the fire break for defending forest fire (Fig. A-3). The following standard planting design will be introduced. Planting spacing will be 2.5m×5m to make approximately 800 trees in a ha. Same tree species will be planted on the same row. But, every 10 rows, different species will be planted. Therefore, mixed plantation will be finally established. Seedlings will be supplied by farmers’ nursery in the Sambelia area. nearby the project site under the special standard by the advice of the technical committee. After hardening, these seedlings will be planted to the sites at the beginning of the rainy season. Plantation management Ground clearing will be conducted three times a year for preventing wild fire and competing against weeds for 2 years after planting. One litre of water will be supplied to each seedling in every week through the watering devices when weather is dry (Figure A-4).




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bury

Small hole

roots

watering

1000cc

Pet bottle

Tip of the bottle

cottonCap of bottle

Figure A-4. Watering devices to seedlings

Note: Mimba, Jati, Trembesi and Jati Puteh will not be harvested in this 30 year-project period. A.5.5. Transfer of technology/know-how, if applicable: As the current planting procedure of the area is not adapted to the low precipitation climate, following new planting technologies for the area in about 1000mm of precipitation will be introduced. These are; 1) Bigger planting pits of 30×30cm in width and 30cm in depth for storing much water in the rainy

season. 2) Bigger size of seedlings of 8mm< in basal diameter and 50~80cm in height with several months of

hardening procedure. 3) Establishment of watering menu to each seedling by specially prepared low-cost watering devices. A.5.6. Proposed measures to be implemented to minimize potential leakage as applicable: >>To reduce GHG emission, site burning and tillage will not be employed during the site and soil preparation. To prevent wild fire from outside, 20m to 100m in width of fire break will be established on the project boundary and the fire prevention tree lines by Banten and Gamal trees will be established on both sides of the fire break. A.6. A description of legal title to the land, current land tenure and land use and rights to tCERs / lCERs issued: >>The land to be reforested through the project activities is the forest land/state land. The land has been under control of Forest Service of the Province for many years. According to relevant Indonesian Law (Law No. 41 of 1999 regarding the Forestry Basic Law); Government Regulation No. 6, 2007 regarding the Social Forestry, these lands will remain as production forest and could be cultivated by farmers. The Confirmation Letter from the Head of Regional Plan Agency (BAPPEDA) of East Lombok District No……… acknowledges the commitment of District Government to set aside the project area as a special allocation for land rehabilitation under A/R CDM Project as stipulated in the Bupati Decree and confirms that this agreement will be included in the new District Spatial Planning (RTRW) of East Lombok. The




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Recommendation Letter of Bupati of East Lombok No. ……regarding the Land Eligibility for A/R CDM Project is that it will be submitted to Ministry of Forestry, Indonesia. Right to access to the non-wood forest products: Ministry of Forestry regulation No. P.37, 2007, under Law No.41 of 1999 regarding the Forestry Basic Law, affirms that local people has a right to use the non-wood forest products, and all of thinned woods in the first thinning, 25% of thinned woods in the second thinning. (and 25% of final timber products) Rights to access to the sequestered carbon: Ministry of Forestry Regulation Number 14/2004 affirms that state lands are eligible to be used for A/R CDM projects and provides rights to access to the sequestered carbon. Project participants agree to share CERs as follows; Local Government 20%, Forest Service of Province 40% and JIFPRO as the investor 40%. Rights to access to the forest products: Project participants agree to share the forest products as follows; fodder and fuel wood from fenced trees are possessed by the community involved. The community involved is divided into 4 groups composed by 44 farmers. The products are evenly shared to each farmer by the rule of the community. (75% of timber trees at the final stage) are possessed by the Local Government. A.7. Assessment of the eligibility of land: Indonesian Government defines forests as lands having growing trees with: ・A minimum area of 0.25 ha; ・A minimum tree crown cover of 30%; ・A minimum height of 5 m Therefore, the threshold values of the forest definition of Indonesian Government comply with the UNFCCC definition and will be used for the purposes of the Kyoto Protocol. The land eligibility is demonstrated using “Procedures to demonstrate the eligibility of lands for afforestation and reforestation CDM project activities”, as contained in Annex 18 of the EB35 report. (a) The land at the moment the project starts is not a forest, which has been demonstrated by i) Field survey showed that the lands to be planted in the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities are currently grassland with some bushes occupied by Heteropogon contortus, Polytrias praemosa and other weeds with bushy types of woody plants (Photo A-4). In the area, some Zyziphus mummularia trees which do not reach to 5m under this climatic condition are scattered (Photo A-5). As mature trees are growing in some patches of the rocky area of the land, these trees are too rare to meet the definition of the forest.




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Photo A-4 Present outlook of the proposed area

Photo A-5 Zyziphus mummularia which does not grow over 5m in this area ii) Most recent land use/cover maps showed in figures below (Figure A-5 to A-7) also demonstrates that the lands to be planted are not forest lands. The maps were derived from satellite images distributed by Google Earth, 2007.




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Figure A-5. Satelite image in 2007 by Google Earth with the boundary of the Project Site

Figure A-6. Satelite image of the northern part of the site for detecting exemption area in 2007 by Google

Earth (b) The activities are eligible CDM reforestation project activities, which are demonstrated by,

i) Satelite image at 8th April by Landsat TM, 1989 showed that the lands to be planted in the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities were non-forested land (Fig. A-7). However, as clearness of the image is not sufficient for demonstrating land use at the time and the land use/cover history after 1989 does not clear, official records of land use/cover was examined.

Exempt area from boundary




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Figure A-7. Satelite image at 8th April of 1989 by Landsat TM ii) Official records were examined. However, suitable records at the time of 1989 were not

available. As a reference, the land cover map by the Ministry of Forestry in 2002 can demonstrate the history of land use/cover of the lands to be planted. According to the map, the lands to be planted in the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities were categorized as Savanna which implies non-forest lands or grasslands (Fig. A-8).




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Figure A-8. Land cover map compiled in 2007

iii) Interviewing with local community on land use/cover history by the participatory rural appraisal method (PRA) showed that the lands to be planted in the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities have been non-forested land since at least 1989. The document of the PRA interview for land eligibility is listed on the Annex 4 and participants of the PRA interview are listed on the Annex 6.

A.8. Approach for addressing non-permanence: Issuance of tCER A.9. Duration of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity / Crediting period: The project will be continued over 30years and crediting period will be 30 years.

A.9.1. Starting date of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity and of the (first) crediting period, including a justification: 1st, January, 2006 A.9.2. Expected operational lifetime of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: >>30 years

Savanna -grassland-

Secondary Forest

Plantation Forest




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A.9.3. Choice of crediting period and related information: >> Fixed Crediting period A.9.3.1. Duration of the first crediting period (in years and months), if a renewable crediting period is selected: >>N/A A.9.3.2 Duration of the fixed crediting period (in years and months), if selected: >>30 years and 0 month. A.10. Estimated amount of net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks over the chosen crediting period: >>The net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks as a result of the proposed A/R CDM project activities is anticipated to be a 46,943 tonnes of CO2 equivalent during the crediting period (between 1st January, 2006 to 31st December 2035) as shown in the Table A- .

Table A-6. Ex ante estimated net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks Please provide the total estimation of GHG removal by sinks in the crediting period.

Years Annual estimation of net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks in tones of CO2e

2006 -114 2007 549 2008 810 2009 1,440 2010 1,440 2011 1,440 2012 1,440 2013 1,440 2014 1,440 2015 1,440 2016 1,450 2017 1,495 2018 1,562 2019 1,652 2020 1,737 2021 1,813 2022 1,879 2023 1,932 2024 1,972 2025 1,998 2026 2,007




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2027 2,001 2028 1,978 2029 1,941 2030 1,890 2031 1,826 2032 1,752 2033 1,669 2034 1,579 2035 1,485

Total estimated net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks (tones of CO2e)

46,943

Total number of crediting years 30 Annual average over the crediting period of estimated net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks (tones of CO2e)

1,565

Notes: minus sign indicates the source while plus indicates the sink. A.11. Public funding of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: >>The establishment cost will be supported from Tropical Greening Fund of JIFPRO, counterpart funds from Provincial Government and District Government. The operating and maintenance cost will be covered by same actors. No ODA will be used. A.12. Confirmation that the small-scale A/R CDM project activity is not a debundled component of a larger project activity: >>Up to now, the proposed project is the only proposed small-scale A/R CDM project in the district of East Lombok. Therefore, the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity is not a debundled component of a larger project activity.




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SECTION B. Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology : B.1. Title and reference of the approved baseline and monitoring methodology applied to the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: Approved baseline methodology “Simplified baseline and monitoring methodologies for small-scale afforestation and reforestation project activities under the clean development mechanism implemented on grasslands or croplands, AR-AMS0001 (version 04.1)” is applied to the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities. B.2. Justification of the choice of the methodology in Appendix B of the CDM simplified modalities and procedures for small-scale A/R project and its applicability to the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: The AR-AMS0001 (version 04.1) is applicable for the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities because the conditions (a) - (d) mentioned below are satisfied. (a) Project activities are implemented on grasslands or croplands;

- The proposed project activities are implemented on grasslands. (b) Project activities are implemented on lands where the area of the cropland within the project

boundary displaced due to the project activity is less than 50 per cent of the total project area; - There is no cropland within the project boundary.

(c) Project activities are implemented on lands where the number of displaced grazing animals is less

than 50 per cent of the average grazing capacity of the project area; - Only seasonal grazing of animals (buffalo) in rainy season is implemented in this area. There is

sufficient capacity for grazing in grasslands outside the project boundary, especially in rainy season.

(d) Project activities are implemented on lands where ≤ 10% of the total surface project area is disturbed

as result of soil preparation for planting. - No ploughing and site burning are done during soil preparation for planting. Planting hole size

is only 30cm x 30cm (0.09m2)/tree. Planting density is 800 trees/ha. Therefore, only 0.72% (72m2/10,000m2) is disturbed by making planting hole.

B.3. Specification of the greenhouse gases (GHG) whose emissions will be part of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: • Project emissions to be taken into account (ex-ante and ex-post) are limited to emissions from the use

of fertilizers according to the AR-AMS0001 (version 04.1). In the proposed Small-scale A/R CDM project activities, nitrogenous fertilizer is not applied within the project boundary.

• Although nitrogen-fixing trees (legume) are selected for planting species, emission of N2O from these trees is neglected according to the AR-AMS0001 (version 04.1).




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Therefore, no specific project emission will be part of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities. However, increase in CO2 emissions from carbon stock decrease within the project boundary as a result of the implementation of the proposed A/R CDM project activity is accounted as a carbon stock change. Further more, • Although, There were pre-project seasonal grazing activities of buffalo during the rainy season, there

is sufficient capacity for grazing in grasslands outside the project boundary, especially in rainy season. So, the displacement of pre-project activities will not cause increase in GHG emissions nor deforestation attributable to the project activities.

Therefore, no specific leakage will be part of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity.

B.4. Carbon pools selected: Carbon pools selected for the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities are above- and below-ground biomass (i.e. living biomass) according to the AR-AMS0001 (version 04.1) (Table B-1).

Table B-1. Carbon pools selected. Carbon Pools Selected

(answer with yes or no) Above ground Yes Below ground Yes Dead wood No Litter No Soil organic carbon No

B.5. Description of strata applied for ex ante estimations: Stratification of the project area will be carried out in order to improve the accuracy and precision of biomass estimates. Different stratifications may be required for the baseline and project scenarios in order to achieve optimal accuracy of the estimates of net GHG removal by sinks. For the baseline scenario: “As baseline removals for degraded (or degrading) land are expected to be small in comparison to project removals, it will usually be sufficient to stratify according to area of major vegetation types.” Therefore, no stratification of the project area is carried out for estimation of baseline net GHG removals by sinks because all vegetation within the project boundary before the starting date of the project activity is predominantly homogeneous (grasslands with some shrubs). For the project scenario: For actual net GHG removals by sinks, the project area will be stratified ex-ante according to the project planting plan, that is, only by age class. Although the proposed A/R CDM project activities use four planting species, those species assumed to be one cohort and will show an almost same growth. B-2. Ex-ante stratification for estimation of actual net GHG removals by sinks

Age class Strata No. (area) 1st year planting i = 1 (40ha)




22

2nd year planting i = 2 (20ha) 3rd year planting i = 3 (35ha) Total I = 3 (95ha)

Note: In the equations used in this methodology, the letter i is used to represent a stratum. The letter I is the number of strata in the project scenario as determined ex-ante. B. 6. Application of baseline methodology to the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity:

A. Baseline net GHG removals by sinks (ex-ante) The most likely baseline scenario of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity is the land-use prior to the implementation of the project activity (baseline approach 22(a)). Based on the land use maps, satellite images and PRA surveys, the lands within the project boundary have been steadily degraded due to the overuse for fuel wood collection and frequent fire. The lands already severely degraded and there are no trees for fuel wood. As a result, carbon stocks in the living biomass of woody perennials and the belowground biomass of grasslands are expected not to increase more. It is expected not to exceed 10% of ex-ante actual net GHG removals by sinks by expert judgment. So, the changes in carbon stocks are assumed to be zero in the absence of the project activity. The baseline net GHG removals by sinks can be calculated by:

ΔCBSL,t = (B(t) - B(t-1))*(44/12) … (B-1) Where: ΔCBSL,t = baseline net GHG removals by sinks (t CO2-e) B(t) = carbon stocks in the living biomass pools within the project boundary at time t in the

absence of the project activity (t C) The changes in carbon stocks are assumed to be zero in the absence of the project activity as mentioned above. Therefore, baseline net GHG removals by sinks shall be zero. ΔCBSL,t = 0 … (B-2) Above-ground biomass The living biomass carbon pools are expected to be constant as mentioned above and no stratification of the project area is applied for ex-ante estimation of baseline net removals by sinks. Therefore, baseline carbon stocks, B(t) will be determined by the equation: B(t) = B(t=0) = (BA(t=0) + BB(t=0)) * A … (B-3) Where: B(t) = carbon stocks in the living biomass within the project boundary at time t in the absence of

the project activity (t C) BA(t=0) = carbon stocks in above-ground biomass at the starting date of the project activity (t C/ha)




23

BB(t=0) = carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at the starting date of the project activity (t C/ha) A = project area (ha) Carbon stocks in above-ground biomass at the starting date of the project activity, BA(t=0) is calculated as follows: BA(t=0) = MA(t=0) * 0.5 … (B-4) Where: BA(t=0) = carbon stocks in above-ground biomass at the starting date of the project activity (t C/ha) MA(t=0) = above-ground biomass at the starting date of the project activity (t d.m./ha) 0.5 = carbon fraction of dry matter (t C/t d.m.) Above-ground biomass at the starting date of the project activity, MA(t=0) is estimated as the above-ground biomass in grass and in woody perennials at the starting date of the project activity: MA(t=0) = MAgrass(t=0) + MAwoody(t=0) … (B-5) Where: MA(t=0) = above-ground biomass at the starting date of the project activity (t d.m./ha) MAgrass(t=0) = above-ground biomass in grass on grassland the starting date of the project activity (t

d.m./ha) MAwoody(t=0) = above-ground biomass in woody perennials at the starting date of the project activity (t

d.m./ha) Below-ground biomass Carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at the starting date of the project activity BB(t=0) is estimated as the below-ground biomass in grass and in woody perennials at the starting date of the project activity: BB(t=0) = 0.5 * (MBgrass(t=0) + MBwoody(t=0)) … (B-6) Where: BB(t=0) = carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at the starting date of the project activity (t C/ha) MBgrass(t=0) = below-ground biomass in grass on grassland the starting date of the project activity (t

d.m./ha) MBwoody(t=0) = below-ground biomass of woody perennials at the starting date of the project activity (t

d.m./ha) Rwoody = root to shoot ratio of shrub (t d.m./t d.m.) Data source MAgrass(t=0), MBgrass(t=0), MAwoody(t=0) and MBwoody(t=0) were obtained from scientific article (Min et al., 2006).




24

Note: Although, the average biomass stock data in woody perennials shown in the article is as a living biomass data (total value of above- and below-ground biomass), it was separated into above- and below-ground biomass data using the values for Rwoody (woodland/savanna) = 0.48, obtained from IPCC GPG LULUCF Table 3A.1.8.

B. Actual net greenhouse gas removals by sinks (ex-ante) For calculation of the actual net GHG removals by sinks in the project scenario, stratification of the project area (ex-ante) is carried out as mentioned above in section B.5. to improve the accuracy and precision of biomass estimates. The carbon stocks for the project scenario at the starting date of the project activity (t=0) is the same as the baseline stocks of carbon at the starting date of the project (t=0). Therefore: N(t=0) = B(t=0) … (B-7) For all other years, the carbon stocks within the project boundary (N(t)) at time t is calculated as follows:

… (B-8) Where: N(t) = total carbon stocks in biomass at time t under the project scenario (t C) NA(t) i = carbon stocks in above-ground biomass at time t of stratum i under the project scenario (t

C/ha) NB(t) i = carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at time t of stratum i under the project scenario (t

C/ha) Ai = project activity area of stratum i (ha) i = stratum i (I = total number of strata) Note: The starting date of the project activity should be the time when the land is prepared for the initiation of the afforestation or reforestation project activity under the CDM. In accordance with paragraph 23 of the modalities and procedures for afforestation and reforestation project activities under the CDM, the crediting period shall begin at the start of the afforestation and reforestation project activity under the CDM. Above-ground biomass For above-ground biomass NA(t) i is calculated per stratum i as follows: NA(t) i = T(t)i * 0. 5 … (B-9) Where: NA(t) i = carbon stocks in above-ground biomass at time t of stratum i under the project scenario (t

C/ha)




25

T(t) i = above-ground biomass at time t under the project scenario (t d.m./ha) 0.5 = carbon fraction of dry matter (t C/t d.m.) Above-ground biomass equation (Figure B-1.) of planted trees was used to estimate T(t)i per stratum i as follows: T(t) i = (2.9577*100)/(1+EXP(2.495-0.127*age)) (age: 10 year over) … (B-10) T(t) i = AGB(age=10)/10*ageSV(t) i * BEF * WD (age: 0 - 10 year) … (B-11) Above-ground biomass equation of planted trees is obtained from Proceedings International Sympsium on Forest Carbon Sequestration and Monitoring (Morikawa et al., 2002). The procedures to make biomass equation are as follows;

Step 1: Diameter breast high (DBH) of individual trees and its above-ground biomass relation was predicted from cut down sample trees of planted tree of Acacia mangium (Vietnam, Papua New Genia and Indonesia), A. auriclifolmis (Vietnam), Sweetnea macrophylla (Indonesia), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Vietnam), Cassia seamae (Indonesia), Dalbelzia latifolia (Indonesia) and Tectona grandis (Thailand).

Step 2: Planted tree density change and mean DBH at given age were from the data base (JIFPRO 1996) and the plantations near project site in Lombok Island.

Step 3: Above-ground biomass was calculated using multiplication of above-ground biomass of mean DBH trees (Step 3) and tree density (Step 2)

Step 4: Mitschelich growth curve was predicted from the data in step 3. Note: Above-ground biomass might be over estimated from one to ten years in Mitschelich growth carve. Therefore, linear relation between age and above-ground biomass was applied in those years (line in the figure C-1.).




26

Figure C-1. Mitschelich growth curve (10 year over) and liner expression (0-10 year)

Below-ground biomass For below-ground biomass, NB(t) is calculated per stratum i as follows: NB(t) i = T(t) i * R * 0.5 … (B-12) Where: NB(t) i = carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at time t of stratum i under the project scenario (t

C/ha) T(t) i = above-ground biomass at time t under the project scenario (t d.m./ha) R = root to shoot ratio (t d.m./ t d.m. ) 0.5 = carbon fraction of dry matter (t C/t d.m.) Value for R = 0.23 is obtained from the average in R of three species provided in scientific literatures, Morikawa et al. (2002) and Suharlan et al. (1975). The removal component of actual net GHG removals by sinks can be calculated by:

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

y = m1 / (1 + exp (m2 - m3* ...

エラー値

147512.9577e+5m1

0.144272.4948m2 0.0109450.12708m3

NA1.9493e+11カイ２乗

NA0.9096R

stand age (year)

abov

e-gr

ound

bio

mas

s (t

d.m

./ha)




27

ΔCPROJ,t = (Nt – Nt-1)*(44/12)/Δt … (B-13) Where: ΔCPROJ,t = removal component of actual net GHG removals by sinks per annum (t CO2-e / year) N(t) = total carbon stocks in biomass at time t under the project scenario (t C) Δt = time increment = 1 (year) The ex-ante actual net greenhouse gas removals by sinks in year t are equal to:

ΔCACTUAL,t = ΔCPROJ t – GHGPROJ t … (B-14) Where: ΔCACTUAL,t = ex-ante actual net greenhouse gas removals by sinks in year t (t CO2-e / year) ΔCPROJ,t = project GHG removals by sinks (t CO2-e / year) GHGPROJ, t = project emissions (t CO2-e / year) The project emissions are assumed to be zero as mentioned section B.3. above. Therefore: ΔCACTUAL,t = ΔCPROJ t … (B-15)

C. Leakage (ex-ante) Although, there were pre-project seasonal roaming grazing activities of buffalo during the rainy season around the project area, the lands surrounding the project activity are likely to receive the shifted activities as mentioned section B.3. Such evidence is provided by the PRA survey and experts’ judgment. Therefore, leakage can be considered zero. Lt = 0 … (B-16) Where: Lt = leakage attributable to the project activity at time t (t CO2-e / year)

D. Net anthropogenic greenhouse gas removals by sinks The net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks for each year during the first crediting period are calculated as, ERAR CDM, t = ΔCPROJ, t – ΔCBSL, t – GHGPROJ, t – Lt … (B-17) Where: ERAR CDM, t = net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks (t CO2-e / year) ΔCPROJ, t = project GHG removals by sinks at time t (t CO2-e / year)




28

ΔCBSL,t = baseline net GHG removals by sinks (t CO2-e / year) GHGPROJ, t = project emissions (t CO2-e / year) Lt = leakage attributable to the project activity at time t (t CO2-e / year) For subsequent crediting periods Lt=0. The resulting temporary certified emission reductions (tCERs) at the year of assumed verification tv are calculated as follows:

… (B-18) Where: tCER(t) = temporary certified emission reductions (tCERs) at the year of assumed verification tv ERAR CDM, t = net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks (t CO2-e / year) tv = assumed year of verification (year) Δt = time increment = 1 (year) B.7. Description of how the actual net GHG removals by sinks are increased above those that would have occurred in the absence of the registered small-scale A/R CDM project activity: For the demonstration and assessment of additionality of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities, barrier analysis is applied. Among which listed in the Appendix B of the AR-AMS0001 (Version 04.1), several barriers were exist as follows; Technological barriers, inter alia: (a) Lack of infrastructure for implementation of the technology. Barriers due to local ecological conditions, inter alia: (a) Unfavorable meteorological conditions (severe drought); (b) Catastrophic natural and/or human-induced events (frequent fire); Encroachment of natural tree vegetation that leads to the carbon stock increase within the project boundary is not expected to occur because of the severe drought and frequent fire during the long dry season. Any other reforestation activities that had been implemented near the project area by local governments were failed, i.e. planted seedlings were disappeared because of the severe drought and frequent fire. Further more, establishing the watering system is impossible because lack of the fund. As a result, carbon stocks in the living biomass of grass and woody perennials are expected not to increase more in the absence of the registered small-scale A/R CDM project activity. Compared the proposed Small-scale A/R CDM project activities to the other similar reforestation activities, there are essential distinctions between them. At first, watering system will be established under the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities by using fund from JIFPRO. JIFPRO provide fund because the proposed project will be functioned as a model of small-scale A/R CDM project activity for Japanese and Indonesian NGOs. Therefore, severe drought barriers will be removed, i.e. planted




29

seedlings will be survived by watering during the long dry season. Second, the frequent fire will be prevented under the proposed Small-scale A/R CDM project activities because local farmers will be trained and organized to prevent fires. Local farmers can get benefits from selling forest products including thinned timbers (100%) and final harvest timbers (25%) if the planted seedlings survive and grow well without damage from fires. Therefore, the actual net GHG removals by sinks are increased above those that would have occurred in the absence of the registered small-scale A/R CDM project activities. B.8. Application of monitoring methodology and monitoring plan to the small-scale A/R CDM project activity: A. Ex-post estimation of the baseline net greenhouse gas removals by sinks In accordance with decision 6/CMP.1, appendix B, paragraph 6, no monitoring of the baseline is requested for small-scale A/R CDM project activities. Therefore, baseline net GHG removals by sinks for the monitoring methodology will be the same as using in section B.6. mentioned above. B. Ex-post estimation of the actual net greenhouse gas removals by sinks Sampling design and stratification For ex-post estimation of project GHG removals by sinks, stratification of the project area is carried out to improve the accuracy and precision of biomass estimates as mentioned above in section B.5. The number and boundaries of the strata defined ex ante may change during the crediting period (ex post). Updating of strata The ex post stratification shall be updated due to the following reasons: Unexpected disturbances occurring during the crediting period (e.g. due to fire, pests or disease outbreaks), affecting differently various parts of an originally homogeneous stratum; Forest management activities (cleaning, planting, thinning, harvesting, coppicing, re-replanting) may be implemented in a way that affects the existing stratification. Established strata may be merged if reasons for their establishing have disappeared. Sampling framework To determine the sample size and allocation among strata, the proposed A/R CDM project activities use the latest version of the tool for the “Calculation of the number of sample plots for measurements within A/R CDM project activities”, approved by the CDM Executive Board. The targeted precision level for biomass estimation within each stratum is +/- 10% of the mean at a 95% confidence level. Carbon stocks Carbon stocks (expressed in t CO2-e) will be estimated through the following equations:




30

… (B-19) Where: P(t) = carbon stocks within the project boundary at time t achieved by the project activity (t CO2-e) PA(t) i = carbon stocks in above-ground biomass at time t of stratum i achieved by the project activity during the monitoring interval (t C/ha) PB(t) i = carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at time t of stratum i achieved by the project activity during the monitoring interval (t C/ha) Ai = project activity area of stratum i (ha) i = stratum i (I = total number of strata) The calculations shown in (B-20) - (B23) shall be performed for each stratum. The mean carbon stock in above- and below-ground biomass per unit area is estimated based on field measurements in permanent sample plots. Above-ground biomass For above-ground biomass PA(t) is calculated per stratum i as follows: PA(t) i = E(t) i * 0. 5 … (B-20) Where: PA(t) i = carbon stocks in above-ground biomass at time t achieved by the project activity during the monitoring interval (t C/ha) E(t) i = estimate of above-ground biomass at time t achieved by the project activity (t d.m./ha) 0.5 = carbon fraction of dry matter (t C/t d.m.) Estimate of above-ground biomass at time t achieved by the project activity E(t) shall be estimated through the following steps: (a) Step 1: Establish permanent sample plots and document their location in the first monitoring report; (b) Step 2: Measure the diameter at breast height (DBH) or DBH and tree height in the permanent sample plots, as appropriate this measure and document it in the monitoring reports; (c) Step 3: Estimate the above-ground biomass using allometric equations developed locally or nationally. If these allometric equations are not available: (i) Option 1: Use allometric equations included in appendix C to this report or in annex 4A.2 of the IPCC good practice guidance for LULUCF; (ii) Option 2: Use biomass expansion factors and stem volume as follows:




31

E(t) i = SV(t) i * BEF * WD … (B-21) Where: E(t) i = estimate of above-ground biomass of stratum i at time t achieved by the project activity (t d.m./ha) SV(t) i = stem volume (m3/ha) WD = basic wood density (t d.m./m3) BEF = biomass expansion factor (over bark) from stem to total aboveground biomass (dimensionless) Stem volume SV(t) i shall be estimated from on-site measurements. Consistent application of BEF should be secured on the definition of stem volume (e.g. total stem volume or thick wood stem volume requires different BEFs). National default values for wood density should be used. If national values are also not available, the values should be obtained from table 3A.1.9 of the IPCC good practice guidance for LULUCF. The same values for BEF and WD should be used in the ex-post and in the ex-ante calculations. Below-ground biomass Carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at time t achieved by the project activity during the monitoring interval PB(t) shall be estimated for each stratum i as follows: PB(t) i = E(t) i * R * 0. 5 … (B-22) Where: PB(t) i = carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at time t achieved by the project activity during the monitoring interval (t C/ha) E(t) i = estimate of above-ground biomass of stratum i at time t achieved by the project activity (t d.m./ha) R = root to shoot ratio (dimensionless) 0.5 = carbon fraction of dry matter (t C/t d.m.) Documented national values for R should be used. If national values are not available, the values should be obtained from table 3A.1.8 of the IPCC good practice guidance for LULUCF. C. Ex-post estimation of leakage Although, there were pre-project seasonal roaming grazing activities of buffalo during the rainy season around the project area, the lands surrounding the project activity are likely to receive the shifted activities as mentioned above in section B.3. Such evidence is provided by monitoring each of the following indicators during the first crediting period:




32

(a) the time-average number of domesticated grazing animals per hectare within the project boundary displaced due to the project activity. If the values of these indicators for the specific monitoring period are not greater than 10 per cent, then Ltv = 0 … (B-23) Where: Ltv = total GHG emission due to leakage at the time of verification (t CO2-e) If the value of any of these indicators is higher than 10 per cent and less than or equal to 50 per cent during the first crediting period, then leakage shall be determined at the time of verification using the following equations: for the first verification period:

… (B-24) for subsequent verification periods:

… (B-25) Where: Ltv = GHG emission due to leakage at the time of verification (t CO2-e) P(t) = carbon stocks within the project boundary achieved by the project activity at time t (t CO2-e) GHGPROJ, (t) = project emissions from use of fertilizers (t CO2-e / year) B(t=0) = carbon stocks in biomass at time 0 that would have occurred in the absence of the project activity (t C/ha) tv = year of verification (year) κ = time span between two verifications (year) As indicated in chapter IV, paragraph 31 of the AR-AMS0001 (version04.1), if the value of one of these indicators is larger than 50 per cent net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks cannot be estimated using this methodology. At the end of the first crediting period the total leakage equals to:

… (B-26) Where:




33

LCP1 = total GHG emission due to leakage at the end of the first crediting period (t CO2-e) GHGPROJ, (t) = project emissions from use of fertilizers (t CO2-e / year) B(t=0) = carbon stocks in biomass at time 0 that would have occurred in the absence of the project activity (t C/ha) tc = duration of the crediting period D. Ex-post estimation of the net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks Net anthropogenic greenhouse gas removals by sinks is the actual net greenhouse gas removals by sinks minus the baseline net greenhouse gas removals by sinks minus leakage as appropriate. The resulting tCERs at the year of verification tv are calculated as follows for the first crediting period:

... (B-27) for subsequent crediting periods:

… (B-28) Where: P(t) = carbon stocks within the project boundary achieved by the project activity at time t (t CO2-e) GHGPROJ, (t) = project emissions from use of fertilizers (t CO2-e/ year) ΔCBSL,t = baseline net GHG removals by sinks (t CO2-e/ year) Ltv = total GHG emission due to leakage at the time of verification (t CO2-e) LCP1 = total GHG emission due to leakage at the end of the first crediting period (t CO2-e) tv = year of verification E. Monitoring frequency Monitoring frequency for each variable is defined in the Tables B-3 and B-4.

B.8.1 Data to be monitored: Monitoring of the actual net GHG removals by sinks and leakage. All data collected as part of monitoring should be archived electronically and be kept at least for 2 years after the end of the last crediting period. 100% of the data should be monitored if not indicated otherwise in the tables below. All measurements should be conducted according to relevant standards. In addition, the monitoring provisions in the tools referred to in this methodology apply.




34

B.8.1.1. Actual net GHG removals by sinks data: B.8.1.1.1. Data to be collected or used in order to monitor the verifiable changes in carbon stock in the carbon pools within the project boundary resulting from the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity, and how this data will be archived: Table B-3. Data to be collected or used in order to monitor the verifiable changes in carbon stock in the carbon pools within the project boundary from the proposed afforestation and reforestation project activity under the clean development mechanism, and how these data will be archived.

Data variable Source of data

Data unit

Measured, calculatedor estimated

Recording frequency (years)

Proportion of data to be monitored

Archiving (electronic/paper)

Comment

Location of the areas where the project activity has been implemented

Field survey and satellite imagery and/or aerial photographs and/or cadastral information

Latitude and longitude

Measured 5 100 % Electronic, paper, photos

GPS can be used for field survey

Ai - Size of the areas where the project activity has been implemented for each type of strata

Field survey and aerial photographs and satellite imagery and/or cadastral information

ha Measured 5 100 % Electronic, paper, photos

GPS can be used for field survey

Location of the permanent sample plots

Project maps and project design

Latitude and longitude

Defined 5 100 % Electronic, paper, photos

Plot location is registered with a GPS and marked on the map

Diameter of tree at breast height (DBH) (1.30 m)

Permanent plot

cm Measured 5 Each tree in the sample plot

Electronic, paper

Measure DBH for each tree that falls within the sample plot and applies to size limits

Height of tree Permanent plot

m Measured 5 Each tree in the sample plot

Electronic, paper

Measure height (H) for each tree that falls within the sample plot and




35

applies to size limits

Basic wood density

Literature tonnes of dry matter per m3 fresh volume

Estimated Once Electronic, paper

Total CO2 Project activity

Mg Calculated 5 All project data

Electronic Based on data collected from all plots and carbon pools

B.8.1.2. Data for monitoring of leakage (if applicable)

B.8.1.2.1. If applicable, please describe the data and information that will be collected in order to monitor leakage of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity. Table B-4. Data to be collected or used in order to monitor leakage and how these data will be archived.

Data variable Source of data

Data unit

Measured, calculatedor estimated

Recording frequency

Proportion of data to be monitored

Archiving (electronic/ paper)

Comment

Time-average number of grazing domesticated roaming animals per hectare within the project boundary displaced due to the project activity

Survey Number of heads

Estimated One time after project is established but before the first verification

30% Electronic, paper

B.8.2. Describe briefly the proposed quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) procedures that will be applied to monitor actual GHG removals by sinks: As stated in the IPCC GPG for LULUCF (page 4.111) monitoring requires provisions for quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) to be implemented via a QA/QC plan. The plan will be a part of project documentation and cover procedures as described below: a) Collecting reliable field measurements; b) Verifying methods used to collect field data;




36

c) Verifying data entry and analysis techniques; and d) Data maintenance archiving. Especially this point is important, also for small-scale A/R CDM project activities, as time scales of project activities are much longer than technological improvements of electronic data archiving. Procedures to ensure reliable field measurements Collecting reliable field measurement data is an important step in the quality assurance plan. Those responsible for the measurement work are trained in all aspects of the field data collection and data analyses. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) will be developed for each step to be taken of the field measurements, which should be adhered to at all times. These SOPs describe in detail all steps to be taken of the field measurement and contain provisions for documentation for verification purposes so that future field personnel can check past results and repeat the measurements in a consistent fashion. To ensure the collection and maintenance of reliable field data: a) Field-team members are fully aware of all procedures and the importance of collecting data as

accurately as possible; b) Field teams install test plots if needed in the field and measure all pertinent components using the

SOPs to estimate measurement errors; c) The document will list all names of the field team and the project leader will certify that the team is

trained; d) New staff will be adequately trained. Procedures to verify field data collection To verify that plots have been installed and the measurements taken correctly, re-measurement will be implemented independently every 10 plots and to compare the measurements. The following quality targets should be achieved for the re-measurements, compared to the original measurements: ・ Missed or extra trees no error within the plot ・ Tree species or groups no error ・ D.B.H.<±0.5cm or 5% whichever is greater ・ Height <±10/ and -20% ・ Sides of rectangular plot <±1% of horizontal (angle-adjusted) At the end of the field work independently 10 - 20% of plots will be checked. Field data collected at this stage will be compared with the original data. Any errors found will be corrected and recorded. Any errors discovered will be expressed as a percentage of all plots that have been re-checked to provide an estimate of the measurement error. Procedures to verify data entry and analysis Reliable carbon estimates require proper entry of data into the data analyses spreadsheets (a computer program allowing manipulation and flexible retrieval of esp. tabulated numerical data). Possible errors in this process can be minimized if the entry of both field data and laboratory data are cross-checked and, where necessary, internal tests incorporated into the spreadsheets to ensure that the data are realistic. Communication between all personnel involved in measuring and analyzing data should be used to resolve any apparent anomalies before the final analysis of the monitoring data that cannot be resolved, the plot should not be used in the analysis. Data maintenance and storage




37

Because of the relatively long-term nature of these project activities, data archiving (maintenance and storage) will be an important component of the work. Data archiving should take several forms and copies of all data should be provided to each project participant. Copies (electronic and/or paper) of all field data, data analyses, and models; estimates of the changes in carbon stocks and corresponding calculations and models used; any GIS products; and copies of the measuring and monitoring reports should all be stored in a dedicated and safe place, preferably offsite. Given the time frame over which the project activities will take place and the pace of production of updated versions of software and new hardware for storing data, it is recommended that the electronic copies of the data and report be updated periodically or converted to a format that could be access by any future software application.

B.8.3. Please describe briefly the operational and management structure(s) that the project operator will implement in order to monitor actual GHG removals by sinks by the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: The project will be managed on-site by a Forestry Officer of East Lombok Government and a Forestry Officer of the West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB) in charge of the area. They will manage the model plantations and will provide implementation support to the Community plantings. The model plantation monitoring guidelines laid out in the Forest Management Plan compiled by the Technical Advisory Committee of the Kurbian small-scale A/R CDM model project to be followed and will support community groups to have simple monitoring guidelines for the community based planting activities. The carbon monitoring is conducted by the Forestry Service of NTB and members of the Technical Advisory Committee with biomass monitoring and GIS inventory capacity. The latter will be also in charge to store the data in the Forestry Service of NTB database. B.9. Date of completion of the baseline study and the name of person(s)/entity(ies) determining the baseline and the monitoring methodology: The date of completion of baseline study is 25/07/2005. The persons/entities determining the baseline and the monitoring methodology are Technical Advisory Committee for the Kurbian small-scale A/R CDM model project. Members of the committee are: • Yasushi MORIKAWA, professor, Waseda University, Japan • Ngaloken Gintings, senior researcher, FORDA, Indonesia • Baderun Zainal, head of the Forestry service of NTB Province, Indonesia • Sri. Tejowulan, lecturer, Mataram University, Indonesia • Abdullah Usman, lecturer, Mataram University, Indonesia • Hisaharu HAYASHI, executive director, JIFPRO • Yasuo OOSUMI, senior researcher, JIFPRO • Eiichiro NAKAMA, researcher, JIFPRO The contact details and responsible person of the above entities are listed in Annex 1.




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SECTION C. Estimation of ex ante net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks: C. 1. Estimated baseline net GHG removals by sinks: The changes in the carbon stocks in the living biomass of grassland and shrub are assumed to be zero, since it is expected not to exceed 10% of ex-ante actual net GHG removals by sinks in the absence of the project activity as mentioned in B.6. C. 2. Estimate of the actual net GHG removals by sinks: Carbon stocks in living biomass (above- and below-ground biomass) within the project boundary at the starting date of the project activity is estimated according to the methodology as mentioned in B.6. The estimated value is 4.92 (tC/ha) based on the data below (Table C-1).

Table C-1. Average biomass stock (t d.m./ha) at the starting date of the project activity (Min et al., 2006).

Above-ground (t d.m./ha)

Below-ground (t d.m./ha)

Total (t d.m./ha)

In grass 2.59 5.92 8.51 In woody perennials 0.89 0.43 1.32 Total 3.48 6.35 9.83

For all other years, the carbon stocks within the project boundary are calculated according to the methodology as mentioned in B.6. The estimated living biomass (above- and below-ground biomass) (tC/ha) in planted trees are calculated according to the methodology as mentioned in B.6. (Table C-2.).

Table C-2. The estimated living biomass (above- and below-ground biomass) (tC/ha) in planted trees

year Above-ground

biomass (tC/ha)

Below-ground biomass (tC/ha)

Total in living biomass (tC/ha)

1 3.4 0.8 4.1 2 6.7 1.6 8.3 3 10.1 2.3 12.4 4 13.4 3.1 16.5 5 16.8 3.9 20.7 6 20.1 4.7 24.8 7 23.5 5.4 28.9 8 26.9 6.2 33.1 9 30.2 7.0 37.2

10 33.6 7.8 41.4 11 37.0 8.6 45.6




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12 40.6 9.4 50.0 13 44.5 10.3 54.8 14 48.5 11.2 59.7 15 52.7 12.2 64.9 16 57.1 13.2 70.3 17 61.6 14.3 75.9 18 66.2 15.3 81.6 19 70.9 16.4 87.3 20 75.6 17.5 93.1 21 80.3 18.6 98.9 22 84.9 19.7 104.6 23 89.5 20.7 110.2 24 93.9 21.7 115.6 25 98.2 22.7 120.9 26 102.3 23.7 125.9 27 106.2 24.6 130.7 28 109.9 25.4 135.3 29 113.3 26.2 139.6 30 116.6 27.0 143.6

The estimated carbon stock (tC) in living biomass (above- and below-ground biomass) in project scenario in each stratum is as follows:

Table C-3. The estimated carbon stock (tC) in project scenario

year strata 1 (40ha)

strata 2 (20ha)

strata 3 (35ha)

Total (95ha)

0 197 98 172 467 1 165 98 172 436 2 331 83 172 586 3 496 165 145 806 4 662 248 289 1,199 5 827 331 434 1,592 6 992 414 579 1,985 7 1,158 496 724 2,378 8 1,323 579 868 2,771 9 1,489 662 1,013 3,163

10 1,654 744 1,158 3,556 11 1,822 827 1,303 3,952 12 2,001 911 1,447 4,359 13 2,190 1,000 1,594 4,785 14 2,390 1,095 1,751 5,236 15 2,598 1,195 1,917 5,710 16 2,814 1,299 2,091 6,204 17 3,036 1,407 2,273 6,716




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18 3,263 1,518 2,462 7,243 19 3,493 1,632 2,657 7,781 20 3,724 1,747 2,855 8,326 21 3,955 1,862 3,056 8,873 22 4,183 1,977 3,259 9,419 23 4,407 2,091 3,460 9,959 24 4,625 2,203 3,660 10,488 25 4,835 2,312 3,856 11,003 26 5,037 2,418 4,046 11,501 27 5,230 2,519 4,231 11,979 28 5,412 2,615 4,408 12,434 29 5,583 2,706 4,576 12,865 30 5,743 2,791 4,735 13,270

Based on the estimated carbon stock (tC) in project scenario above, the annual actual net GHG removals by sinks (tCO2e) in each strata and total amounts over the project period is estimated in the table C-4.

Table C-4. Actual net GHG removals by sinks (tCO2e) in each stratum

year Stratum 1 (40ha)

Stratum 2 (20ha)

Stratum 3 (35ha) Total Cumulative

total 1 -114 0 0 -114 -114 2 606 -57 0 549 435 3 606 303 -100 810 1,245 4 606 303 531 1,440 2,685 5 606 303 531 1,440 4,125 6 606 303 531 1,440 5,566 7 606 303 531 1,440 7,006 8 606 303 531 1,440 8,447 9 606 303 531 1,440 9,887

10 606 303 531 1,440 11,327 11 616 303 531 1,450 12,777 12 656 308 531 1,495 14,272 13 695 328 539 1,562 15,834 14 731 347 574 1,652 17,486 15 763 365 608 1,737 19,223 16 792 382 639 1,813 21,036 17 815 396 668 1,879 22,914 18 832 407 693 1,932 24,847 19 843 416 713 1,972 26,819 20 848 422 728 1,998 28,817 21 845 424 738 2,007 30,824 22 836 423 742 2,001 32,824 23 821 418 740 1,978 34,803 24 799 410 732 1,941 36,744




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25 772 399 718 1,890 38,633 26 741 386 699 1,826 40,459 27 706 370 676 1,752 42,211 28 668 353 648 1,669 43,879 29 628 334 617 1,579 45,458 30 587 314 584 1,485 46,943

Total 20,336 9,875 16,732 46,943 46,943 C. 3. Estimated leakage: • There is no cropland within the project boundary. Therefore, no leakage shall be occurred from

farming. • Only limited intensity of seasonal grazing of animals (buffalo) in rainy season implemented in this

area. There is sufficient capacity for the limited grazing in grasslands outside the project boundary, especially in rainy season. Therefore, the leakage from grazing is negligible.

No specific leakage will be part of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity. Therefore, estimated leakage shall be zero over the crediting period. C. 4. The sum of C. 2. minus C.1. minus C.3. representing the net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity:

-10,000

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

1 6 11 16 21 26

year

tonn

es o

f CO

2e

Figure C-1. Estimated amount of the net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks (tCO2e) over the crediting period (line) and amount of tCERs issued (bar).




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C. 5. Table providing values obtained when applying equations from the approved methodology:

Table C-5. Estimation of net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks (tCO2e)

Year

Estimation of baseline net

GHG removals by sinks (tones of

CO2 e)

Estimation of actual net GHG

removals by sinks (tones of

CO2 e)

Estimation of leakage (tones of

CO2 e)

Estimation of net anthropogenic GHG removals

by sinks (tones of CO2 e)

1 0 -114 0 -114 2 0 549 0 549 3 0 810 0 810 4 0 1,440 0 1,440 5 0 1,440 0 1,440 6 0 1,440 0 1,440 7 0 1,440 0 1,440 8 0 1,440 0 1,440 9 0 1,440 0 1,440

10 0 1,440 0 1,440 11 0 1,450 0 1,450 12 0 1,495 0 1,495 13 0 1,562 0 1,562 14 0 1,652 0 1,652 15 0 1,737 0 1,737 16 0 1,813 0 1,813 17 0 1,879 0 1,879 18 0 1,932 0 1,932 19 0 1,972 0 1,972 20 0 1,998 0 1,998 21 0 2,007 0 2,007 22 0 2,001 0 2,001 23 0 1,978 0 1,978 24 0 1,941 0 1,941 25 0 1,890 0 1,890 26 0 1,826 0 1,826 27 0 1,752 0 1,752 28 0 1,669 0 1,669 29 0 1,579 0 1,579 30 0 1,485 0 1,485

Total (tonnes of

CO2 e) 0 46,943 0 46,943

Average 0 1,565 0 1,565




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SECTION D. Environmental impacts of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: D.1. Provide analysis of the environmental impacts, including transboundary impacts (if any): Indonesian Government stipulates the regulations for the Environmental Impact Analysis by forestation. According to the Decree No. 17 (Attachment, Section B Forestry Matters), if forestry activities are smaller than 5,000 ha, assessment for environmental impacts is not required, unless the Bupati (Governor of the District) in which the activities are to be implemented requests conducting the assessment. As Bupati did not require the assessment on the A/R CDM project, environmental assessment by the Decree will be neglected. According to the Decree No.206 (Attachment, Annex 3) 2005 by Minister of Environment, the analysis on the environmental impacts and socio-economic impacts of the A/R CDM project activities shall be conducted under the criteria and indicators regulated in the Decree (Annex 5 of the PDD). The analysis has been conducted by the Mataram University and reported (Annex 4). ● Biodiversity conservation The proposed project site is categorized as the production forest of the national forest land by the Government. The existence of the A/R CDM activities would be regarded a positive in terms of increasing protection ability of the forest ecosystem by sustainable management of the forest as the buffer zone of the protection area on the Mt. Nangi Protection Forest above the proposed site. This region used to be rich in flora and fauna biodiversity when it was still in their pristine condition. However, none of information or knowledge of the flora and fauna listed on the IUCN, Indonesia and Lombok list on rare or endangered species exists in the proposed site. ● Controlling soil erosion and negative action to soil condition Site preparation: The site preparation will disturb vegetation and soil in the planting sites. The main technical measures to be employed designated in the project are to plant trees in low density (about 800 trees /ha), limited planting pit preparation (30-30-30cm in width and depth), and clearing above-ground parts of vegetation only in planting time. Therefore, site and soil preparation will have minor negative impacts on original soil and vegetation. Fertilization: In the proposed small-scale A/R CDM activities, fertilizer will not be applied. Therefore, no contamination by the chemical fertilizer will be occurred. Pesticide and herbicide application: Chemicals will not be applied to the A/R CDM activities. Therefore, no contamination will be occurred by the chemicals. Soil erosion: The proposed site is located on the stable and gentle slope. Moved amounts of soil at time of site and soil preparation will be scarce. Therefore, the small-scale A/R CDM activities will not trigger any soil erosion. ● Pest and disease management Any indication on the outbreak of pests and diseases to the area and trees selected has not been reported. ● Fire control Fire is the most important risk for management of the proposed site. Following measures will be taken for management of the proposed site: ・Capacity building for preventing unexpected fires to the participants from the local community and forming a system for defending expansion of fires. ・Setting of fire breaks just outside to the project boundary with 20 to 100m width ・Establishing fire prevention tree lines of the evergreen fast growing MPTS along the fire break




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・Weeding before the dry season and on-site composting of cut weeds to remove flammable substances None of these risks and/or negative impacts is considered to be significant. D.2. If any negative impact is considered significant by the project participants or the host Party, a statement that project participants have undertaken an environmental impact assessment, in accordance with the procedures required by the host Party, including conclusions and all references to support documentation: >>No significant impacts have been identified due to the environmentally friendly techniques adopted in the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activities. D.3. Description of planned monitoring and remedial measures to address significant impacts referred to in section D.2. above: >> SECTION E. Socio-economic impacts of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: E.1. Provide analysis of the socio-economic impacts, including transboundary impacts (if any): >> According to the Decree No.206 (Attachment, Annex 3) 2005 by Minister of Environment, the analysis on the environmental impacts and socio-economic impacts of the A/R CDM project activities shall be conducted under the criteria and indicators regulated in the Decree (Annex 5 of the PDD). The analysis has been conducted by the Mataram University by the PRA method and hearing of people by using questionnaire with following the regulation above. The socio-economic impacts by forestation were analyzed in and outside of the project activities by PRA interview to residents of sub-villages surrounding the project. The respondents of farmers include those who involve in the project and not involve in the project. Total respondents are 25 persons. The 25-persons were selected from the 5 sub-villages surrounding the proposed project site. Present conditions of the proposed project area Concerning present land use; No farmer uses the land for farming because of unsuitable for cultivation by rocky soil and pasturing because of unsuitable grass and weeds for cattle. Present conditions of income status of community involved is lower than that of average of Indonesian community (BAPENAS & UNDP Indonesia, 2004) Socio-economic impacts by the proposed small-scale A/R CDM activities to local community Following impacts shall be expected;

1) Increase of job opportunity of employment by plantation works such as planting, tending, watering, weeding and other works related to maintain plantations is expected.

2) Increase of income by fodder and fuel wood from tree lines of Gliricidia and Spondias, 25% of the final products and 100% of thinned timber, Jatropha fruits from fire break and fodder from weeding

3) Use of irrigation water after establishment of tree plantations




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4) Getting access for technical assistance on compost making and other new technologies for plantation management

Negative impacts shall not be observed from implementation of the project activities. The report on the analysis of the socio-economic impacts is listed on the Annex 4. E.2. If any negative impact is considered significant by the project participants or the host Party, a statement that project participants have undertaken a socio-economic impact assessment, in accordance with the procedures required by the host Party, including conclusions and all references to support documentation: >> No significant negative impact is observed. E.3. Description of planned monitoring and remedial measures to address significant impacts referred to in section E.2. above: >> No negative impact SECTION F. Stakeholders’ comments: F. 1. Brief description of how comments by local stakeholders have been invited and compiled: >> For receiving comments from local people, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) addressed by the teacher of Mataram University was run on 21st and 22nd, July, 2007. Before collecting stakeholders’ comments, socialization of the project was conducted by the various meetings; such as capacity buildings for compost making by local NGO and for training of field practice of Japanese NGOs, and other meetings in village offices and local public places such as in mosques. In addition to these meetings, socialization of the project was also conducted by local television. The FGD meetings have been conducted in different groups of the five sub-villages of Kurbian Village with heads of farmer groups. The similar meetings were also conducted at the Forestry Office of East Lombok District and the local army unit in the District. Comments from field supervisor and NGO people were collected by the meetings mentioned above. Comments of scientists were collected from the scientists of University of Mataram and Bogor Agriculture University. F. 2. Summary of the comments received: >> 1. Comments from village farmers: Farmers support the presence of the project because of the economical and ecological reasons. These reasons were; daily wage, fire wood, fruit and fodder harvesting, improvement of local climate, fresh air, water, erosion control and so on. Besides these reasons, farmers appreciated to get access of technologies such as compost making from cut grass through the group meeting for capacity building conducted by the project activities, and other managing technologies of plantations through the technological manual for the small-scale A/R project activities. Farmers involved in the project require right to use a part of tree crops. And they are worry about frequent fire for damaging trees. 2. Comments from local people;




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Local people who were not involved in the project want to participate in the project not only for income but also for their experiences. And they want to use land for cultivating crops. 3. Comments from local government officials For a goal of the government of East Lombok District including army units, they want the small-scale A/R project activities to involve the local farmers and allow them to improve the economic status of farmers. The officials are anticipating on the frequent fire. For fire control, the traditional law in this area, so-called Aqui Aqui which will give reward for better practice, can be used effectively to control the people practices. 4. Comments from field supervisors and NGOs The supervisors and NGOs are welcoming the small-scale A/R CDM activities very much. As the proposed area is too rocky and much sticky to cultivate land for farming, inviting farmers to maintain the trees and providing fodder for animals shall be incentive for them even if animal culturing is not familiarized in this village. 5. Comments from scientist/university people The project activities are positively evaluated by the scientists/university teachers, particularly for shortening the access to the forest products for the people. Shortening the access creates the positive effects for sustainable management of the forest in the local people. Although the A/R CDM activities produce various positive effects to people and local communities, eligible lands for A/R CDN are so limited. The limitation provides unfairness in involvement of local people. F. 3. Report on how due account was taken of any comments received: >> Distinct negative comments were not presented. There were some ideas for improving the small-scale A/R CDM activities among comments as follows; 4) Forest fire control As 20 to 100m in width of fire breaks is not enough for controlling expansion of forest fires, the double tree lines for stopping flying fire from outside were established. In addition to the tree lines, ever green dense Jatropha plantation was established in the fire break for distinguishing fire. 5) Access to forest products of people All of non-wood forest products such as cut-grass in weeding, fodder from tree lines, Jatropha fruits, and some fruits from planted trees shall be used by local people. Woody materials from the tree lines of fire control shall also be used by local people. Timber of the plantation after the project finished shall be shared by the governments and local people. 6) Introduction and improvement of animal culturing Animal culturing is good measure for improving living standard of local people. As considerable amounts of fodder shall be produced from the project, the animal culturing will be advisable for introduction. 7) Limitation of local farmers involved Land eligibility is the regulation of the A/R CDM project. Adaptation of the regulation will be considered by the government of Indonesia. Literature:




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BAPPENAS & UNDP, 2004. The economics of Democracy: financing human development in Indonesia, National Human Development Report, BPS-Statistics Indonesia

Groombridge, B., 1992. Global Biodiversity: Satus of the Earth’Living Resources. A report compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. In Collaboration with Chapman & Hall, London and in association with IUCN (The World Conservation Union), UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme), WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature, and the World Resources Institutes.

Kathryn, A.. Monk, Yance de Fretes and Gayatri Reksodiharjo-Lilley, 1997. Seasonal Climate in Physical Overview, Natural Resources, The Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku, pp.74-79, Periplus Editions, Singapore

Min Z. O., T. Shin, Y. Oosumi, and Y. Kiyono, 2006. Biomass of planted forests and biotic climax of shrub and grass communities in the central dry zone of Myanmar, Bulletin Of FFPRI, Vol. 5., No.4 (No.401), 271-288

Morikawa, Y., S. Ohta, M. Hiratsuka, and T. Toma. 2002. Carbon sequestration of man-made forests: sequetration estimate and its bearings on CDM. Proceedings International Sympsium on Forest Carbon Sequestration and Monitoring. Taiwan Forestry Research Institute and Winrock International. Nov.11-15, 2002, Taipei Taiwan. 171-180pages

Suharlan, A., K. Sumarna and Y. Sudiono, 1975. Tabel Tegakan Sepuluh Jenis Kayu Industri (Yield table of ten industrial wood species), LEMBAGA PENELITAN HUTAN (Forest Research Center), Department of Agricultural Development, Indonesia

WWF Indonesia, 2004. Flora dan Fauna Kawasan Gunung Rinjani Lombok (Flora and Fauna of the Mt. Rinjani area) – Nusa Tenggara Barat. WWF Program Nusa Tenggara, Mataram.




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Annex 1

CONTACT INFORMATION ON PARTICIPANTS IN THE PROPOSED SMALL-SCALE A/R CDM PROJECT ACTIVITY

Organization: DINAS KEHUTANAN, NTB (Provincial Forestry Services of NTB) Street/P.O.Box: Jl. Majapahit, No.54 Building: DINAS KEHUTANAN City: Mataram State/Region: Nusa Tenggara Barat (West Nusatenggara Province) Postfix/ZIP: Country: Indonesia Telephone: 0370-633071 FAX: E-Mail: [email protected] URL: Represented by: Baderun Zainal Title: Head of Forestry Services Salutation: Last Name: Zainal Middle Name: First Name: Baderun Department: Forestry Services Mobile: Direct FAX: Direct tel: Personal E-Mail:




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Annex 2

INFORMATION REGARDING PUBLIC FUNDING

Funds from Japanese side will be ￥34 million. Funds from Indonesian side will be ￥7 million which is the subsidiary Fund by District Government of East Lombok (Usually, we have to examine the fund for the CDM because CDM project activities must not result in the diversion of ODA fund as documented on the general rule on CDM. If some parts of the funds come from public funding, we have to declare whether the funds come from ODA or not. As a part of the funding of this trial comes from the public funding of Japanese Government, we have to examine whether the funding is in diversion of ODA or not. As this trial is a model study for Small-scale A/R CDM, therefore, we didn’t examine the funding in detail.)

Annex 3

DECLARATION ON LOW-INCOME COMMUNITIES Please provide a written declaration that the proposed small-scale afforestation or reforestation project activity under the CDM is developed or implemented by low-income communities and individuals as determined by the host Party.

- - - - -

[According to the investigation on socio-economic condition by Mataram University (same documents listed on the Annex 4), average income of farmers of the community where the project was planned is very much lower than that of average income of Indonesian families. The average income of the village is also lower than that of the average of other parts of the Nusa Tenggara Province. Therefore, the written declaration on low-income community shall be issued by the Indonesian Government without any opposition.] Name of the document on the socio-economic conditions of the proposed area: Socio Economic Survey in Sambelia Sub District, East Lombok Regency for CDM Project, 2006, by Abdullah Usman, Mataram University




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Annex 4

LIST OF ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS (available upon request from the project developer): Documents Status Author Implementation of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) on “land eligibility” for trial A/R CDM project model in Kurbian

Document Mataram University

Project proposal of the trial and study on small-scale A/R CDM in Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), Indonesia

Document Forestry Research & Development Agency

Socio Economic Survey in Sambelia Sub District, East Lombok Regency for CDM Project


Environmental Impacts by Forestation: Study on basic environmental information of Kurbian’s JIFPRO CDM project site


Letter of Clarification Letter Bupati, Nusa Tenggara Barat




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Annex 5

CRITERIA AND INDICATORS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT -Annex Ⅲ of Decree of Minister of Environment (MOE) No.206 2005 (21, June, 2005)- L. Environmental Sustainability L.1. Criteria : Environmental sustainability through the conservation or diversification of natural resources. L.1.1. Indicator : To maintain sustainability of ecological functions L.1.2. Indicator : Not to exceed the limitation of the standards on quality of national and local environment (Not to trigger air, water, or soil pollution) L.1.3. Indicator : To maintain biological diversity (in gene, species and ecosystem level) and not to create genetic contamination. L.1.4. Indicator : To follow regulations of land utilization and spatial use of lands. L.2. Criteria : Safety and health of the local community L.2.1. Indicator : Not to trigger health hazards L.2.2. Indicator : To follow the regulation on work safety L.2.3. Indicator : The availability of compile documents of procedures for preventing accidents and take action/to surpass if the accidents was occured. E. Economic Sustainability E.1. Criteria : Economic prosperity of the local community E.1.1 Indicator : Not to diminish the economic level of the local community E.1.2 Indicator :To prepare the measure to solve the possibility of decrease the income occurred in the a group of community E.1.3 Indicator : To prepare the mutual consent adapted to effective regulations among stake holders for solving problems of PHK (cancellation of employment contract) E.1.4 Indicator : Not to produce degradation of public services for the local community S. Social Sustainability S.1. Criteria : Community participation S.1.1 Indicator : To furnish the opportunity for consultation with the local community S.1.2 Indicator : The availability of answers and the follow up of comments and complaints by the local community S.2 Criteria : Not to trigger disturbance of the social integrity of the local community by the project S.2.1 Indicator : Not to create conflicts within the local community T. Technological Sustainability T.1 Criteria :To create technology transfer. T.1.1 Indicator : Not to create the dependency to foreigner on knowledge and how to operate of tools (know-how) T.1.2 Indicator : Not to use the under-testing technologies and the old-fashioned technologies T.1.3 Indicator : To prepare measures for increasing the capability and use of the local technology.




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Annex 6

List of participants of interview on Participatory Rural Appraisal Investigation on Land eligibility and Socio-economic impacts of the A/R CDM project activities, and Stakeholders’ Comments Table 1. List of participants for PRA investigation on the land eligibility Ist. Investigation, 11 Aug., 2006 2Nd. Investigation, 12 Aug., 2006 No. Name Address Name Address 1 Baharuddin (Village staff) Transad Badaruddin, BA Transad 2 Amiruddin(Head, Sub-village) Tibu Borok Ahmadi Niraja, SP Senanggalih 3 Supriadi Kurbian Rusmaini Tibu Borok 4 Ahmadi Niraja(Field Instructor) Senanggalih Jalal Leper 5 Hamlin(Forest self-security force) Padak Muslihin Kurbian 6 Nur Leper Muardi Kurbian 7 Saep Leper Bas Kurbian 8 S. Hartono (Field Trainee) Senanggalih Mahnan Kurbian 9 Sahirudin Kurbian Mashar Kurbian 10 Mahsun Kurbian Sahirudi Kurbian 11 Rus (Toma) Tibu Borok Mahsun Kurbian 12 S. Riyanto Sambelia S. Riyanto Sambelia 13 Mahli Sambelia Mastur Padak Guar 14 Mashar Sambelia Suparman Padak Guar 15 Mahnan Sambelia Rohendi Padak Guar 16 A. Muardi Sambelia Rahimah Padak Guar Nur Leper Saep Leper Suyat Padak Guar Samsul Padak Guar Padi Padak Guar Solihan Padak Guar Arifin Kurbian Mustiadi Padak Guar Table 2. List of participants of investigation on socio-economic impacts by the A/R CDM project activities




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No. Name Category Address Age Farmers 1 Mahnan Project involved Kurbian sub-village 30 2 P’lan-Ahlan Project involved Pd. Guer sub-vil. 30 3 A. Jamaludin Project involved Ceper sub-vil. 49 4 Saepuddin Project involved Ceper sub-vil. 25 5 Aq. Iduk Project involved Ceper sub-vil. 46 6 Supriyadi Project involved Ceper sub-vil. 30 7 A. Sauriati Project involved Pd. Guer sub-vil. 35 8 A. Afifin Project involved Kurbian sub-village 35 9 A. Surtini Project involved Pd. Guer sub-vil. 40 10 A. Rahiman Project involved Padak sub-vil. 50 11 Amak Nurhidayati Project involved Kurbian sub-village 54 12 A. Canding Project involved Rumbia 45 13 A. Hariyanto Project involved Kurbian sub-village 40 14 A. Selamat Project involved Kurbian sub-village 65 15 P Ely Project involved Kurbian sub-village 30 16 A. Lyah Project involved Padak Gor 45 17 Mashar Project involved Kurbian 2 sub-vil. 21 18 Amak Holik Project not involved Pd. Ds. Lb. Pandan 30 19 Aq. Muhsan Jayadi Project not involved Pd. Ds. Lb. Pandan 41 20 Bp. Mahli Project not involved Ceper Lab. Lombok 46 21 Ihsan Project not involved Ceper sub-vil. 32 22 Mursidan Project not involved Kurbian sub-village 40 23 Muwardi Project not involved Kurbian sub-village 19 24 A. Marsanah Project not involved Kurbian sub-village 40 25 Maroun Project not involved Kurbian sub-village 37 Others; Gov., University, NGO 26 Arifin Head of Village Labuan Dandan 38 27 Juhartono Field Worker Ceper sub-vil. 36 28 Addinul Yakin Mataram University Mataram 41 29 M. Yusuf Mataram University Mataram 39 30 Anas Z. Mataram University Mataram 36 31 Sulatri Citra Rinjani, NGO Selong Town 34 32 Zaini Samia, NGO Mataram 42 Table 3. List of Stakeholders No. Name Status Address Sex Age1 Jalal Group head of Group 1 Padak Sub-Village m 26 2 Mq Sapil Group head of Group 2 Padak Sub-Village m 52 3 Aq Lyah Group head of Group 3 Padak Sub-village m 50




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4 Ahlan Group head of Group 4 Padak Sub-village m 41 5 Aq Syahar Group head of Group 5 Padak Sub-village m 45 6 Aq Syahdi Member of Group 4 Padak Sub-village m 38 7 Supri Member of Group 4 Padak Sub-village m 24 8 Jumahin Member of Group 5 Padak Sub-village m 26 9 Aq Rahman Member of Group 2 Kurbian Sub-village m 37 10 Aq Mahdi Member of Group 3 Kurbian Sub-village m 38 11 Aq Syur Member of Group 2 Kurbian Sub-village f 42 12 Sahni Member of Group 2 Leper Sub-village F 21 13 Miani Marni Member of Group 2 Leper Sub-village F 22 14 Marswan Local People Leper Sub-village M 38 15 Aq Surtini Member of Group 2 Leper Sub-village M 43 16 Hamblin Local People Padak Sub-village M 42 17 Ir.Miyanto Tejok Head, Forestry Office, District Selong Town M 51 18 Ir Rifai Officer, Forestry Office, District Selong Town M 43 19 L. Mesir NGO, LSM YKPS Selong Town M 52 20 Ali Fikri Army, District Coordinator Selong Town M 47 21 Purwanto NGO, LSM YKPS Selong Town M 33 22 Sitti Latifah Forestry, Mataram University Mataram City F 48 23 Syarif Husni Coastal Fishery, Mataram University Mataram City M 41 24 M. Yusuf Ecology Scientist Mataram City M 32 25 Addinul Yakin Resource Economist Mataram City M 47 26 Syaiful Bahri Scientist, Univ. of Rinjani Selong Town M 48

UNFCCC/CCNUCC CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN ... · 1 CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM PROJECT...

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