ADVANCES IN PHOTOVOLTAICS

Michaela Fladerer, Barbara Florian, Stefanie Hatzl, Martina Sukitsch

Table of content

TEAM:

Manuela Fladerer

Barbara Florian

Stefanie Hatzl

Martina Sukitsch

What is Photovoltaics? Research & Development PV Applications Relevance of PV Market potential

Convert solar energy Convert solar energy

into into electricityelectricity

Photovoltaics – Technology

How it works …How it works …

Research & Development

Solar cells

Silicon mono-crystalline silicon cells (sc-Si)

poly-crystalline silicon cells (mc-Si)

Thin film Amorphous (a-Si) and micromorph silicon (a-Si/μc-

Si) CIS/CIGS (Copper-Indium-Gallium-Diselenide)

Cadmium-Telluride (CdTe)

Organic and other new technologies

Photovoltaics Systems

Grid connected installations Off-grid systems

Photovoltaics – Applications

PV in everyday life

Building integrated PV (BIPV) Noise barriers Disaster reliefTelecommunication devices Alarm and control systems PV in medical applicationsElectricity for rural and as well protected areas

Street lightningParking meters…

Relevance of PV

Relevance for the environment

Advantages and Disadvantages

PROS CONS

CO2-Reduction potential

PV produces clean electricity Assumption: in 2050, PV generation of 4,500

TWh CO2-Reduction: 2.3 Gt of CO2-emissions per

year worldwide

CO2-savings (FRANKL et al. 2010.)

A global overview Austria India Brazil China

The PV-Market

Global PV-market 2008

Leading country – Germany: 14,500 MW of PV (36%) Total PV capacity in 1992 – 0.1 GW in 2008 – 14 GW In 2009 6.43 GW were installed worldwide

Leading global Photovoltaic markets (FRANKL et al. 2010.)

MARKETBUZZ. 2010.

Austria

Open BIPV potential: 140 km² roof and 50 km² facade

60% of that surface 22.5 GWp Covering 20% of Austrians need of electricity in 2050.

Kumulative PV-power in kWpeak in Austria (BIERMAYR et al., 2009)

Installed capacity in 2008:

29.030 kWp (grid-connected)

3.357 kWp (off-grid)

Rapidly growing PV-markets

Brazil PV in rural electrification, telecommunication, water

pumping, public lighting in rural areas Grid-connected PV systems (22 kWp) Programmes: PRODEEM, Luz para Todos, INMETRO

India Capacity in 2008: 1.9 MW stand-alone systemes

2.7 MW grid-connected systems „National Solar Mission“

target: 20 GW generation of PV-electricity by 2020 PV systems: rural, remote area and industrial

(FRANKL et al., 2010)

(PV Group, 2009)

Rapidly growing PV-markets

China Ranks 1st in exporting PV cells (95% of produced cells) Domestic PV-output grew from 100 MW (2005) to 2 GW (2008) Chinas installed capacity is 150 MW

increasing market share for communications, commercial and industrial uses

Large-scale PV installations in desert areas and BIPV systems China could predictly install 20 GW by 2020

(FRANKL et al., 2010)

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