Advanced Excel

Objectives • Explore ways to create more intelligent

spreadsheets using advanced elements such as:– Naming– Functions

• Logical• Mathematical

– Comments– Advance formatting

Objectives • Move spreadsheets to a higher level by

using:

– Protection & locking

– Lookup Tables

– Auditing

– Pivot Tables

Microsoft Excel• Spreadsheet software

– Electronic spreadsheet organizes information into software defined columns and rows

• Released in 1987

• Originally written for use on Macintosh Apple computers

• Excel file have extension .xls

Function Syntax

=keyword(cell or cell range)

No spacesLowercase

Always begin with =

Absolute vs. Relative Addresses• Assume you enter the following formulae into cell

C1:

=A1+B1• If you copy the formula from C1 and paste this

formula into cell C2, Excel will automatically change the formula to reflect the new position

=A2+B2

Relative Addresses

• If you paste this formula into a bunch of cells, Excel automatically adjusts the formula to reflect the relative position of the new formula to the original form.

Relative Addresses

Excel has done something rather odd. It has given us the answer 25! The sum 20 + 25 clearly does not equal 25, so what's going on?

Relative Cell Addresses

A B C1 4 7 =A1+B1

2 6 3 =A2+B2

3 8 1 =A3+B3

4 5 2 ????

If the formula in cell C1 is copied & pasted in C2 & C3, the following will result

If the formula in cell C1 is copied & pasted in C2 & C3, the following will result

Another Shortcut

• When you type a formula, data, etc. into a cell and want to copy it to cells below or to the right, look for the tiny black box in the bottom right of that cell, click on that box and drag it down (or to the right)

Absolute Cell Addresses• If you want to keep a reference to the

original cells, you need to use Absolute cell references. Absolute cell referencing is done with dollar signs.

• Sometimes you want the cell address to be “locked”. If you cut and paste it, the address will be same.

Absolute Cell Addresses• In order to create locked or absolute cell

formulas, you enter $ in front of the row number and column letters

• =$A$1+$B$1

Absolute Cell Addresses

A B C

1 4 7 =$A$1+$B$1

2 6 3 =$A$1+$B$1

3 8 1 =$A$1+$B$1

4 5 2 ????

If the formula in cell C1 is copied & pasted in C2 & C3, the following will result

If the formula in cell C1 is copied & pasted in C2 & C3, the following will result