ADJECTIVESADJECTIVES

Why do we need adjectives?Why do we need adjectives?

Picture a dog in your head.Picture a dog in your head.

An An adjectiveadjective is a word that is used is a word that is used to modify a noun or a pronoun.to modify a noun or a pronoun.

An adjective tells us An adjective tells us what kindwhat kind, , which which oneone, , how manyhow many, or , or how muchhow much..

What Kind?What Kind? gentlegentle dog dog IrishIrish town town scaryscary movie movie purplepurple shoes shoes

Which One or Ones?Which One or Ones? sixthsixth grade grade thesethese books books otherother people people anyany CD CD

How Many or How Much?

• two tickets• full pitcher

• most players• no work

Adjectives usually come before the Adjectives usually come before the words they modify. Sometimes, words they modify. Sometimes, however, an adjective can come after.however, an adjective can come after.

The dog is The dog is gentlegentle.. The sea, The sea, blueblue and and sparklingsparkling, ,

stretched out before us.stretched out before us.

ArticlesArticles

The adjectives The adjectives aa, , anan and and thethe are are called articles.called articles.

We usually talk about them as a We usually talk about them as a separate group.separate group.

PracticePractice

Example: The sky was Example: The sky was clearclear, and the night , and the night was was coldcold..

1.1. A silvery moon rode down the western A silvery moon rode down the western sky.sky.

2.2. It shed a pale light on the quiet It shed a pale light on the quiet countryside.countryside.

3.3. Long meadows spread out between two Long meadows spread out between two hills.hills.

The smell of wild grass was strong.The smell of wild grass was strong. The only sound we heard was the The only sound we heard was the

sharp crackle of the fire.sharp crackle of the fire. Suddenly, several stars came out.Suddenly, several stars came out. I watched until the entire sky glowed I watched until the entire sky glowed

with bright stars.with bright stars.

I was lonely and happy at the same I was lonely and happy at the same time.time.

I finally became sleepy and longed I finally became sleepy and longed for my own bed.for my own bed.

Soon I went indoors and fell into a Soon I went indoors and fell into a deep sleep.deep sleep.

Proper AdjectivesProper Adjectives

A A proper adjectiveproper adjective is formed from a is formed from a proper noun and begins with a capital proper noun and begins with a capital letter.letter.

Examples:Examples: Japan = Japan = JapaneseJapanese islands islands Easter = Easter = EasterEaster Sunday Sunday Queen Victoria = Queen Victoria = VictorianVictorian drama drama Sioux = Sioux = SiouxSioux customs customs

Writing Proper AdjectivesWriting Proper Adjectives

England = _______________England = _______________ Inca = ______________Inca = ______________ Hinduism = _____________Hinduism = _____________ Celt = _______________Celt = _______________ Alaska = ______________Alaska = ______________ Shakespeare = _______________Shakespeare = _______________ Thanksgiving = __________________Thanksgiving = __________________ Korean = __________________Korean = __________________

Identifying Proper Identifying Proper AdjectivesAdjectives

1.1. The quartet sang several Irish songs.The quartet sang several Irish songs.

2.2. The gold watch with the fancy chain The gold watch with the fancy chain was made by a famous Swiss was made by a famous Swiss watchmaker.watchmaker.

3.3. The movie is based on a popular The movie is based on a popular Russian novel.Russian novel.

4.4. The Egyptian mummies are on The Egyptian mummies are on display in the large museum.display in the large museum.

HW: Page 3 in workbook – exercises HW: Page 3 in workbook – exercises A and B (Identifying Adjectives)A and B (Identifying Adjectives)

Writing Adjectives in a StoryWriting Adjectives in a Story

1.1. Have you ever been in _________ Have you ever been in _________ cave?cave?

2.2. Would you say it looks __________ and Would you say it looks __________ and _________?_________?

3.3. My father and I explored this My father and I explored this _________ cave once._________ cave once.

4.4. It was _________ but _________, too.It was _________ but _________, too.5.5. We found some ____________ rock We found some ____________ rock

formations.formations.

6. We also heard ___________ sounds.6. We also heard ___________ sounds.

7. My father took some __________ 7. My father took some __________ photographs.photographs.

8. We looked up and saw ___________ bats 8. We looked up and saw ___________ bats flying above our heads.flying above our heads.

9. After exploring for about _______ hours, 9. After exploring for about _______ hours, we were ready to see the sky again.we were ready to see the sky again.

10. Cave exploring can be a very ________ 10. Cave exploring can be a very ________ experience if you have a _______ guide.experience if you have a _______ guide.

Demonstrative AdjectivesDemonstrative Adjectives

This, that, these, This, that, these, andand those those can be used as can be used as adjectives or pronouns. adjectives or pronouns.

They are adjectives when they modify nouns They are adjectives when they modify nouns or pronouns.or pronouns.

They are pronouns when they are used alone.They are pronouns when they are used alone.

What are What are these these skates doing in the living skates doing in the living room?room?

vs.vs. What are What are thesethese doing in the living room? doing in the living room?

Pronoun or Adjective?Pronoun or Adjective?

1.1. Will Will thosethose squirrels find enough to squirrels find enough to eat during the winter?eat during the winter?

2.2. I hope I hope thesethese will fit you. will fit you.

3.3. Is Is thatthat your final offer? your final offer?

4.4. What should I do with What should I do with thisthis lump of lump of clay?clay?

Degrees of ComparisonDegrees of Comparison

The The positive degreepositive degree is used when is used when there is only one thing being there is only one thing being modified and no comparison is being modified and no comparison is being made.made. Felita Felita is a is a goodgood book. book.

Degrees of ComparisonDegrees of Comparison

The The comparative degreecomparative degree is used is used when two things are being when two things are being compared.compared. In my opinion, In my opinion, NildaNilda is a is a betterbetter book book

than than FelitaFelita..

Degrees of ComparisonDegrees of Comparison

The The superlativesuperlative degree is being degree is being used when three or more things are used when three or more things are being compared.being compared. Nilda Nilda is one of the is one of the bestbest books I’ve read. books I’ve read.

One Syllable AdjectivesOne Syllable Adjectives

Most one syllable modifiers form the Most one syllable modifiers form the comparative degree by adding comparative degree by adding –er–er and and the superlative degree by adding the superlative degree by adding –est.–est.

nearnear nearnearerer nearnearestest

sadsad saddsadderer saddsaddestest

cutecute cutcuterer cutcutestest

Two syllable adjectivesTwo syllable adjectives

Often add –er and –est but Often add –er and –est but sometimes usesometimes use more more and and mostmost instead.instead.

fancyfancy fancifancierer fancifanciestest

lonelylonely lonelilonelierer loneliloneliestest

cheerfulcheerful moremore cheerful cheerful mostmost cheerfulcheerful

Three syllable AdjectivesThree syllable Adjectives

Use Use more more and and most.most.

difficult difficult moremore difficult difficult mostmost difficult difficult

interestinginteresting more more interesting interesting mostmost interestinginteresting

Writing ComparisonsWriting Comparisons

NervousNervous GreatGreat HotHot FunnyFunny NoisyNoisy PoorPoor YoungYoung IntelligentIntelligent

HW: Workbook page 46, Exercise AHW: Workbook page 46, Exercise A