Additional Mathematics

Project Work 2013

To determine obesity among students by using BMI method

Name:

Class:

Teacher’s Name:

List of Contents

No. Contents Page

1) Appreciations2) Introduction3) Activity 1: Collecting

Information4) Activity 2: Data Analysis5) Activity 3: Interpreting Data6) Activity 4: Further Exploration

7) Activity 5: Conclusion8) Reflection

Appreciations

Appreciations

First of all, I would like to say thank my teacher ____(teacher’s name)___ who had gave us some guides on how to complete this paperwork. Next to my fellow teammates who had held on each other firmly until we had completed this paperwork. Finally to my parents who had always encourage me to put in some effort to complete such big task and also allowing me to visit each other's house to discuss about this paper work.

While I was conducting this paperwork, I have gained consciousness in many other things in my life. Completing this paper work in a team had gave me a chance to know each other and broaden my view on Mathematics.

Now know the correct way to apply Mathematics knowledge in my daily life to solve a lot of problems. Besides that, I also have learnt to accept other ideas from different people to make out all the possible results. Then, I know which is best after those comparison made. This way, I can save a part of time and materials needed to construct any of the objects.

Introduction

Introduction

In the past 20 years, understanding the complex origin of childhood obesity has evolved from a simplistic thinking of a particular child’s or parent’s awareness and responsibility in balancing his/her own energy intake and expenditure to a broader and more sophisticated recognition of environmental determinants that interact with the genetic, behavioral, and biological programming of the individual to induce his/her weight gain. This new comprehensive concept of childhood obesity involving the host, agents, and environment, as well as their interactions, is more in agreement with the fundamentals we have come to understand about epidemic diseases.

Although important advances have been made in the recognition of factors influencing childhood obesity, effective preventive actions at family, school, and community levels, or individual treatment interventions in clinical settings, are still not as sound as they should be. Too few satisfactory results are obtained, and outcomes are often not clearly understood.

The reason for having so many obese children in the country is that many children lead an unhealthy lifestyle and eat too much junk food and have become veritable couch potatoes. This additional mathematics project work is all about these obese students and children in my school.

Activity 1:

Collecting Information

Form 1

No. Name Height (m) Weight (kg) BMI1 Quah Yik Hao 1.63 55 20.72 Privinraj 1.56 33 13.63 Mohammad Arrash Farhaaz 1.71 62 21.24 Loo Khor Ming 1.71 43 21.25 Yee Wei Ming 1.66 36 15.66 Zip Sheng Yong 1.44 37 17.47 Chuah Kai Zhian 1.77 30 11.88 Chen Zi Ling 1.61 40 11.69 Lee Pei Fen 1.41 35 20.1

10 Evon Loy Suk Yen 1.48 43 16.011 Tan Jia Sheng 1.72 90 30.412 Lim Qing Kai 1.62 58 22.113 Ng Kai Lun 1.40 31 15.814 Hong Qi Ming 1.62 47 18.015 Lim Jun Chang 1.40 31 15.816 Ang Wei Sheng 1.43 30 14.717 Ong Teik Siong 1.55 40 16.618 Teah Hooi Qi 1.56 42 17.319 Lee See Yi 1.60 44 17.220 Liang Yong Chun 1.46 33 15.521 Chan Jun Yang 1.63 65 24.522 Lee Jia Quan 1.63 45 16.923 Chuah Cee Wei 1.60 55 21.524 Ng Wei Lun 1.56 40 16.425 Tan Zhen Chong 1.54 44 18.626 Mohammad Hafiz 1.64 50 18.627 Goh Koh Jie 1.64 91 33.828 Chong Chin Man 1.68 59 20.929 How Jiun Jye 1.45 33 15.730 Lim Wei Hong 1.55 49 20.431 Ng Wei Jia 1.56 42 17.332 Nirmall A/L Munian Dy 1.45 45 21.433 Ong Jing Xiang 1.49 39 17.634 Sim Chia Horng 1.48 40 18.335 Tan Yeong Her 1.64 46 17.136 Teoh Jit Hwa 1.57 69 30.037 Ang Aik Tong 1.72 53 17.938 Chin Jun Xiang 1.65 80 29.3

39 Divines A/L Shanmugam 1.62 79 30.140 Koay Chee Yoong 1.64 55 20.541 Ng Zhong Xian 1.43 49 24.042 Ong Kah Weng 1.55 46 19.243 Ooi Yi Jing 1.61 48 18.544 Sew Yong Chuen 1.59 59 23.345 Teh Lin Yong 1.59 50 19.846 Wong Chi Sheng 1.52 61 26.447 Tan Wei Xin 1.63 47 17.348 Bryan Low Carl Shen 1.43 44 21.549 Kaoy Choon Hee 1.59 63 24.950 Lau Ai Von 1.64 59 21.9

Table 1

Form 5

No. Name Height (m) Weight (kg) BMI1 Ong Chin Chien 1.70 54 18.72 Khor Ghee Hong 1.70 48 16.63 Boo Jia Pei 1.59 52 20.64 Lau Zhin Yang 1.78 63 19.95 Lai Kah Yan 1.62 40 15.26 Khor Ting Shen 1.73 56 18.77 Hong Jia Chun 1.70 53 18.38 Khor Ze Shin 1.79 53 19.09 Ong Wei Aun 1.73 56 17.5

10 Ong Teik You 1.77 65 21.711 The Tiang Xian 1.58 75 23.912 Ong Huai Hong 1.57 50 19.613 Narvin 1.66 45 18.314 Niroshini A/P Suriadevan 1.66 54 19.615 Vanisri A/P Vijayan 1.57 38 15.416 Saundarya A/P Shanmuganathan 1.72 48 16.217 Parithra A/P Vengedasalem 1.75 41 16.418 Lee Chin Terk 1.67 50 16.919 Khor Tatt Jin 1.70 85 27.820 Wong Yi Ling 1.75 80 28.721 Tan Hang Tong 1.73 100 34.622 Neoh Wei Jie 1.70 59 19.323 Tan Kean Pin 1.56 90 30.124 Phoo Xue Qi 1.50 63 30.125 Tan Sook Ni 1.60 45 18.526 Ong Hui Yin 1.69 44 19.627 Ng Wei Lun 1.76 50 19.528 Mohammad Aiman 1.53 75 26.329 Nornadia Farisha 1.76 60 19.430 Lim Kai Sing 1.67 79 33.731 Chew Han Seang 1.74 61 19.732 Koid Chuen Sean 1.74 48 17.233 Ng Chian Liang 1.75 50 16.534 Chew Chun Keng 1.51 60 19.835 Chong Chin Fong 1.51 86 28.136 Koh Yan Lin 1.52 45 19.737 Chai Hooi Theng 1.58 65 28.5

38 Yeoh Anny 1.52 40 17.339 Tan Yean Tze 1.58 50 20.040 Shirlyn Chuah 1.52 46 19.941 Ng Yan Yan 1.62 45 17.142 Teoh Shi Yun 1.60 44 17.243 Goh Pei Wen 1.65 45 16.544 Ooi Jun Xian 1.77 55 17.645 Chuah Beng Jian 1.70 60 20.846 Goh Li May 1.56 46 18.947 Lam Shing Pei 1.63 49 18.448 Teoh Ming Yee 1.59 47 18.649 Boo Wei Lun 1.70 75 26.050 Toh Ee Ling 1.58 47 18.8

Table 2

Activity 2:

Data Analysis

BMI(Class interval)

Number of students in Form 1

Number of students in Form 5

11.5-16.5 10 616.6-21.6 28 3221.7-26.7 7 426.8-31.8 4 631.9-36.9 1 2

Table 3

a) i) Form 1 mean = Σ f×

n = 1012.1 50 = 20.242Mode = From Graph = Median = 1(50) 2 = 25 15.15 +(25−6 ) (6) 26 = 15.55 + 4.385 = 19.935

ii) Form 1

mean = Σ f×

n = 99.17

50 = 19.834Mode = From Graph = Median = 1(50) 2 = 25 15.15 +(25−2 ) (6) 37 = 15.55 + 3.729 = 19.279

b) Mean = Measurement of central tendency for representing data whose value are evenly distributed and no extreme values exist in the data.

c) i) Form 1Variance, σ = 75 377.391 – (409.74) 50

= 1507.548- 409.74 = 1097.808 Standard Deviation = √σ

= √1097.808 = 33.133

ii) Form 1

Variance, σ = 20 533.43 – (393.388) 50

= 410.669- 393.388 = 17.281 Standard Deviation = √σ

= √17.281 = 4.157

Activity 3:

Interpreting Data

Standard deviation based on BMI of Form 1 student is 33.133 and based on Form 5 student is 4.157.

Standard Deviation is also a measure where in tells us how much the value is set of data disperse from the mean of the set of data.

Standard Deviation has an advantage over variance because standard deviation has the same unit as the units of values in the set of data.

Activity 4:

Further

Exploration

Table shows the BMI and the physical state of a person based on the BMI.

BMI CategoryBelow 18.5 Underweight18.5-24.9 Normal weight25.0-29.9 Overweight

30 and above Obese

Table 4

The graph shows a person’s physical state based on BMI

below 18.5 18.5-24.9 25.0-29.9 30 and above0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

This graph is not confirm yet I will get it ASAP Do all Graph on a Graph paper

The graph shows the number of Form 1 students against their BMIs.

11.5-16.516.6-21.6

21.7-26.731.9-36.9

31.9-36.9

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

The graph shows the number of Form 5 students against their BMIs.

11.5-16.516.6-21.6

21.7-26.726.8-31.8

31.9-36.9

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

4(b) Several steps to be taken to avoid problems due to obesity are:-

Exercise regularly

Eat healthy meals and snacks

focus on low calorie, nutrient dense foods such as fruits, vegetables and whole grainChoose foods that promote a healthy weight and a good health

Know and avoid the food traps that cause you to eat Identify situation that triggers you out-of-control eating.try keeping a journal and write down what you eat, how much you eat, when you eat, how you're feeling and how hungry you are.you can plan ahead and develop strategies for handaling these types of situations and stay in control of your eating behaviour.

Monitor your weight regularlymonitoring your weight can tell you whether your efforts are working and can keep you detect small weight gains before they become big problems

Be consistentsticking to your healthy-weight plan during the week, on weekends, and amidst vacation or holidays as much as possible increases your chances of long-term success

Activity 5:

Conclusion

Based on the findings of my investigation,

a) The three reasons why students are at high risk to be unhealthy are:- High levels of stress experience by student will contribute to poor oral health.

The emotional and physical factors involved in studying for exams often cause students to abandon their health.

Student having an unhealthy lifestyle like late sleeping, snacking, breakfast eating, body weight, lack of exercising, alcohol consumption, and may others.

Lack of exercise is also another reason why students are at high risk to be unhealthy. Many students take no physical activity during a typical week. Student will easily fall ill or might get cancer disease.

b) Those three healthy lifestyles to lessen the risk are:- Eating well every day. Eat more fruits, sneak in for more veggies, switch salad

dressings, eat low fat or fat-free dairy and make some substitutes Do more exercise like ‘aerobic’ or ‘endurance-type’ exercise to make the heart

and blood circulation more efficient and helps to develop stamina Get plenty of sleep to let the body get enough rest for another long day and to

get our body cell renew

c) The role that I can play to make the “Healthy Lifestyle Campaign” a success are:- Provide free health checkup for the participants Sell organic goods at a cheaper rate Create activities like morning aerobic to let the participants know more about

healthy lifestyle Tell them about the importance of healthy balanced diet and follow the food

pyramid as a guidance Invite some nutritionist to give a talk about living a healthy lifestyle.

Reflection

ReflectionIn the process of conducting the project, I have learned that perseverance pays off, especially when u obtain a reward for all your hard work. For me, succeeding in completing this project work has been rewarded enough. I have also learned that Mathematics is used everywhere in our daily life, from the most simple things like taking good care of our health and practicing healthy lifestyles. Besides that, I have learned many moral values that I practice. This project work had taught me to be more confident when carrying out something especially the homework given by teacher. I have also learned to be more disciplined student who is punctual and independent. Apart from that, I have learned to be more cooperative and to help out my friends when they do not understand the question give. Teamwork and cooperation in a particular team are very important especially in group work.