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291© Th e Editor(s) (if applicable) and Th e Author(s) 2016S. Pihlström, S. Kivistö, Kantian Antitheodicy, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-40883-5
Adams, Marilyn McCord (1989) “Horrendous Evils and the Goodness of God,” Aristotelian Society Suppl. Vol. 25, 297–310.
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307© Th e Editor(s) (if applicable) and Th e Author(s) 2016S. Pihlström, S. Kivistö, Kantian Antitheodicy, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-40883-5
Index 1
1 Note: Page numbers followed by “n” denote notes.
A absence of God, the, 174, 181n77 absolute safety, 147 absurdity, 11, 12, 25n23, 139–85,
208, 261, 265, 282 acknowledgment, 5, 21n10, 26n26,
43, 51, 65n57, 67n75, 99, 101, 102, 107, 121, 128n76, 148, 155, 159, 203, 208, 209, 222, 239, 244n25, 244n27, 258, 259, 263, 272, 277, 279–85, 289n41
afterlife, 74, 166 Agamben, Giorgio, 27n35, 62n40,
63n46, 89, 126n55, 246n44, 279, 289n40
Alford, C. Fred, 56, 61n25, 66n61, 70n97, 71n104
antitheodicism, 1, 4, 7–12, 15, 22n15, 25n23, 26n26, 27n36, 29–71, 73–140, 146, 147, 149, 157, 160, 161, 164, 176n9, 178n29, 179n40, 179n41, 188, 189, 192, 193, 207, 208, 222, 231, 233–5, 241, 251n125, 255n147, 258, 261, 263, 264, 268–74, 278, 282, 284, 285, 287n23, 289n47, 289n48, 290n48
antitheodicy, 2, 10, 11, 13–17, 21n10, 23n15, 27n36, 30, 45–56, 57n2, 65, 66n62,
308 Index
67n71, 71n103, 84–6, 91–3, 106, 109, 112–15, 119, 123n2, 141, 149, 161, 162, 167, 174, 206, 208, 210, 215, 222, 233–5, 237, 241n2, 251n125, 257–90
anti-utopia . See dystopia Appelqvist, Hanne, 140, 175n1,
175n2, 287n23, 287n24 Aquinas, Th omas, 49–51 Arendt, Hannah, 11, 25n22, 44, 45,
64n56, 89, 90, 124n10, 176n9, 181n69, 219–21, 227, 239, 249n89, 250n106, 250n108, 252n133, 254n143
argument from evil, 3, 20n7, 149, 153, 208, 272
atheism, 20n7, 26n26, 69n94, 74, 154, 176n10, 195, 198, 215
Augustine, 1, 2, 60n21 Auschwitz, 17, 27n35, 30, 62n40,
63n46, 66n60, 70n97, 81, 87–9, 92, 111, 124n15, 126n49, 126n55, 137n167, 205, 246n44, 279, 288n29, 289n40
authenticity, 64n54, 253n140 authentic theodicy, 30, 33, 34, 43,
45–54, 69
B Babylonian Th eodicy, 35 Bakhurst, David, 160, 181n71 banality of evil, the, 25n22, 44,
64n56, 239, 254n143 Barge, Laura, 161, 181n77, 182n85,
185n146
Barry, Elizabeth, 171, 184n134, 184n135
Beckett, Samuel, 2, 13, 16, 26n27, 80, 117, 139–85, 258, 260, 262, 265, 266
Began, Richard, 170, 171, 184n124, 184n127
Benjamin, Walter, 80 Bernstein, Richard, 4, 10, 11,
21n11, 21n12, 21n14, 30, 45, 52, 53, 57n3, 57n4, 66n60, 75, 87, 89, 90, 101, 126n52, 126n55, 128n77, 176n9, 261, 264, 286n9
Bible, the, 34, 59n14, 59n15, 61n27, 61n31, 66n59, 66n61, 123n5, 181n77
Blanchot, Maurice, 115–19, 121, 136n153–36n155, 136n160, 137n162, 274
blasphemy, 45–54, 61n25, 70n98, 141
Book of Job, the, 2, 11, 15, 16, 21n10, 22n15, 25n24, 29, 30, 34, 37, 42, 45, 46, 48–50, 54–6, 59n16, 59n18, 60n19–60n22, 61n25, 61n27, 61n29, 61n31, 62n39, 62n45, 63n46, 63n50, 65n57, 65n59, 66n61, 67n74, 70n98, 79, 83, 96, 127n58, 149, 151, 162, 166, 235, 236, 252n133, 260, 265, 266, 269, 279, 287n14
Brachtendorff , Johannes, 47, 48, 52, 55, 57n1, 67n72, 68n75
Bradley, A.C., 266 Bradley, F.H., 204
Index 309
Bryden, Mary, 161, 181n77, 182n89, 183n112
Burley, Mikel, 146–9, 172, 178n30, 178n31, 179n38, 179n41, 179n42, 184n130, 184n136
C Camus, Albert, 2, 25n23, 26n27,
172, 184n138 Catholicism, 215, 247n53 Cavell, Stanley, 128n76, 165,
169–73, 183n98, 183n119, 184n129, 184n130, 185n139, 281, 289n42
Chrysostom, 35 clichés, 170, 171, 238, 264 collective solipsism, 224, 249n98 comedy, 13, 35 communication, 5, 95, 97, 139, 140,
170, 225, 226, 230, 237, 238, 259, 263, 280
Conant, James, 17, 26n32, 27n32, 193, 235–7, 252n128, 252n133, 254n143, 255n144, 255n148, 261, 286n10, 290n49
conclusion, 8, 38, 40–2, 46, 47, 80, 85, 99, 116, 118, 122, 166, 205, 209, 219, 226, 230, 257–90
consolation, 40, 53, 74, 85, 87, 164, 192, 201, 208, 211, 222, 255n147, 265, 276, 278
contingency, 8, 42, 115, 132n119, 133n129, 235, 236, 255n145, 284, 290n48
corruption of language, the, 14, 15, 237
Cottingham, John, 69n94 counterpurposiveness
(Zweckwidrigkeit), 31, 43, 57n5
Cox, Dermot, 151, 152, 161, 167, 180n59, 181n72, 181n75, 182n81, 182n95, 183n108, 183n113, 183n116, 265, 287n13
crime, 31, 32, 73–5, 77, 78, 81, 96, 97, 116–20, 131n103, 134n142, 274
Critchley, Simon, 127n69, 161, 169–71, 181n76, 181n78, 183n104, 183n117, 184n129, 185n140, 249n101
cruelty, 15, 214, 231, 232, 246n44, 251n120, 252n128, 252n133, 255n148, 286n10
D Dalferth, Ingolf, 4, 21n9, 94, 101,
128n77 Davies, Paul, 92–6, 127n69,
128n81, 129n90, 183n106 death, 21n9, 24n16, 51, 69n94, 80,
85, 107, 115–17, 122, 127n58, 138n173, 147, 150, 157, 172, 173, 181n76, 192, 199, 202, 211, 217, 267, 274, 278, 282, 283
defense, 2–4, 6, 16, 19n5, 30, 32, 35, 37, 49, 51, 52, 60n20, 67n75, 79, 88, 105, 130n101, 141, 154, 177n25, 190, 250n104, 255n147, 264, 287n20
310 Index
Derrida, Jacques, 117, 132n122, 135n144, 136n148
determinism, 105, 194, 195 Dewey, John, 189, 192 Dews, Peter, 76, 124n10, 124n11 di Giovanni, George, 34, 56n1 dissimulation, 225 Dostoevsky, Fedor, 26n24, 52, 73,
74, 83, 98, 101–3, 105, 106, 117, 122, 123n2, 123n5, 129n100, 131n105, 132n122, 174, 202, 249n100, 283
doublethink, 225, 236 Dürrenmatt, Friedrich, 12, 26n28,
124n21, 246n44 duty, 44, 53, 54, 92, 98, 102–5, 108,
109, 114, 119, 122, 131n110, 132n112, 137n168, 148, 160, 200, 220, 224, 262, 263, 274, 281, 282
dystopia, 188, 215
E Eichmann, Adolf, 44, 64n56, 78,
181n69, 254n143 Enlightenment, the, 53, 59n15, 97 Esslin, Martin, 164, 181n74,
181n80, 182n92, 183n97, 183n100, 183n104, 183n121
ethics, 11, 17, 25n21, 26n26, 43, 66n62, 84, 91–3, 110, 112, 113, 120, 130n100–30n102, 131n106, 131n110,
133n128, 133n129, 134n137, 147, 159, 178n28, 189–94, 196–200, 207, 209, 210, 219, 231, 241, 241n1, 242n10, 243n14, 243n16, 243n18, 244n25, 246n44, 246n46, 250n101, 251n118, 259–63, 266–8, 270, 272–4, 281, 285, 289n44
evidentialism, 3, 103, 113, 156 evil, 1, 30, 75, 139–85, 187, 258 existentialism, 25n23, 126n47 experience, 4–6, 9–11, 13–15, 21n8,
21n9, 32–4, 38–42, 50, 61n28, 62n39, 70n97, 73, 76, 82, 83, 87, 94, 98, 110, 116, 137n167, 139, 140, 147, 152, 156–8, 160–2, 164, 167, 168, 171, 177n24, 190, 194, 195, 197–9, 201, 202, 206, 208, 209, 214, 217, 219, 220, 222–5, 227, 229, 235, 238, 250n101, 255n147, 259–61, 263–9, 271, 272, 276, 277, 279–81, 283, 287n23, 289n46
F failure of recognition (failure of
acknowledgment), 99, 281, 285
faith, 26n24, 26n27, 30, 35, 38, 39, 43, 46–8, 51, 85, 88, 109, 113, 115, 128n84, 135n146, 142, 145, 146,
Index 311
153, 155, 156, 159–61, 164, 171, 175n1, 179n40, 182n89, 182n92, 215, 217, 230, 249n101, 272, 287n23
falsity, 14, 34, 40, 41, 64n54, 233–5 fatalism, 80 fi ction, 123n5, 123n8, 181n77,
209–14, 220, 223, 248n82, 249n89, 288n29
Fisch, Harold, 81, 83, 123n5, 123n8, 125n29, 125n41, 125n42
forgetting, 105, 111, 130n101, 131n110, 134n136, 228
forgiveness, 23n16, 73–138, 170, 217, 270
Franzese, Sergio, 196, 241n1, 242n10, 243n18
freedom, 1, 8–10, 19n5, 44, 77, 106, 126n47, 132n119, 142, 167, 189, 194, 198, 205, 218, 221, 223, 232, 236, 237, 245n29, 252n133, 255n148, 259, 261, 286n10
free will defense, 3, 4, 16, 19n5, 32 free will theodicy, 2, 3 future, 27n36, 32, 33, 74, 107,
130n100, 150, 163, 166, 167, 169, 173, 179n50, 191, 195, 196, 216, 221, 234, 235, 264
G Gaita, Raimond, 12, 27n35,
131n111, 181n70 Galbraith, Elizabeth C., 45–7, 52,
55, 57n1, 66n62, 67n63, 67n67, 67n69
Gavin, William J., 199, 244n26 Geddes, Jennifer L., 98, 129n93 gift exchange, 104, 111 Girard, René, 39, 42, 62n32, 63n47,
214, 247n68 Gleeson, Andrew, 23n15, 27n36,
123n2, 141, 175n8, 175n9, 178n26, 241n2, 286n1, 288n28
God, 1, 30, 73, 140, 194, 259 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von,
123n5, 218 goodness, 19n5, 31, 32, 38, 40, 50,
51, 97, 111, 142, 147, 203, 205, 206, 213, 266
Gottlieb, Erika, 26n29, 123n8, 210, 220, 227, 246n48, 247n66, 247n70, 249n85, 249n89, 249n90, 250n106, 250n107
grace, 79, 82, 84, 86, 135n142, 150, 153
Gregory the Great, 35, 60n22 Griswold, Charles, 106–9, 113, 114,
129n98, 130n100–2, 132n20, 133n123, 133n127, 134n132, 134n135, 136n149, 137n167, 138n169, 138n174
guilt, 12, 15, 32, 39, 75–9, 81, 87, 101, 106–8, 110, 111, 114–20, 124n10, 125n40, 132n122, 161, 167, 169, 181n69, 223, 224, 228, 267, 270, 274
Guyer, Sara, 116–18, 136n153, 136n155, 136n156, 136n160, 137n162, 137n163
312 Index
H Haldane, John, 215, 247n53,
247n57, 247n72 happiness, 32, 54, 55, 59n18,
60n19, 158, 202, 211, 218, 220, 221, 253n137, 283
happy ending, 35, 42, 89, 265 harmony, 54, 73, 74, 84, 93, 102–5,
112, 113, 115, 122, 123n2, 152, 167, 201, 214, 218, 220, 233
healing, 39, 52, 69n94, 208, 213 Hegel, G.W.F., 7, 250n104 Hick, John, 2, 19n5, 176n13,
178n29 holiness, 31, 213 Holocaust, the, 15, 23n15, 25n21,
27n35, 45, 46, 49, 50, 55, 61n25, 63n46, 65n56, 66n61, 69n94, 70n97, 70n101, 75–7, 87–90, 92, 102, 118–20, 127n58, 131n103, 143, 159, 180n68, 188, 207, 246n44, 246n45, 265, 274, 275, 279
Homer, 37 hope, 4, 11, 15, 29, 33, 38, 40, 41,
46, 55, 68n76, 76, 80, 82, 103, 116, 121, 135n142, 163–6, 168, 173, 191, 195, 199, 200, 202, 216, 258, 276, 287n11, 288n24
human condition, the, 10, 38, 54, 65n56, 119, 162, 164, 169, 174, 210, 262, 283
humility, 146–9, 179n37 Hustvedt, Siri, 2 Huxley, Aldous, 211, 229, 237
I illusion, 44, 85, 97, 126n56, 153,
164, 183n96, 211, 239, 268, 269, 277, 284
immorality, 92–4, 98, 267 immortality, 9, 55, 58n12, 68n76,
90, 126n56, 147, 194 ineff ability, 109, 154, 164 innocence, 12, 39, 75, 78, 94, 114,
116, 119, 134n136, 152, 224, 280
Irenaeus, 2 irony, 24n16, 174, 178n28
J Jacoby, Russell, 219, 221, 249n87,
249n91 James, William, 8, 13, 16, 24n18,
46, 59n15, 67n68, 73, 126n53, 128n84, 132n113, 143, 187, 189, 190, 241n1, 241n3, 242n4, 242n6, 242n10, 242n12, 243n14, 243n18, 243n21, 244n24, 244n25, 245n29, 245n31, 245n35, 246n39, 246n46
Jankélévitch, Vladimir, 11, 23n16, 76, 77, 87, 90, 102, 109–14, 118–22, 130n102, 131n102, 132n118, 132n119, 132n122, 133n125, 133n127, 133n129, 133n130, 134n131, 134n136, 134n141, 135n144–8, 136n150, 136n151, 137n168, 138n172, 138n173, 274
Jaspers, Karl, 107, 132n122
Index 313
Jewish moral thought, 63n46, 288n29
Job . See Book of Job, the Job’s friends . See Book of Job, the Jonas, Hans, 11, 17, 21n8, 45,
66n60, 75, 87–90, 124n10, 126n49, 126n52–4, 205, 264, 265
Judaism, 61n29, 88 justice, 2–4, 11, 12, 23n15, 31–3,
35, 36, 38, 40, 42, 45–8, 58n12, 60n25, 70n98, 73–5, 80, 84, 97, 99, 113, 124n8, 130n101, 141, 144, 148, 151, 155, 162, 163, 234, 238, 266
justifi cation, 1–3, 11, 22n15, 44, 47, 50, 74, 76, 80, 89, 92, 94, 98, 112, 113, 128n84, 141, 144, 177n25, 187, 210, 215, 220, 252n125, 262, 269, 282
K Kafka, Franz, 11, 12, 25n23, 25n24,
26n27, 73–138, 143, 200, 224, 265, 266, 269, 273
Kant, Immanuel, 6–10, 16–17, 22n15, 24n17, 24n20, 29–37, 39, 41–8, 52–5, 57n4, 58n11–58n12, 59n14, 59n18, 61n29, 62n41, 64n55, 65–6n59, 66n62, 67n63, 67n66–7n67, 67n69, 68n75–68n76, 70n100, 71n102–71n103, 90, 95–6, 125n40, 126n56, 127n58, 127n69, 128n84, 133n128,
139, 155, 158, 180n63, 194, 232–4, 239, 261, 269, 273, 276, 286n8, 289n44
Kertesz, Imre, 15, 45 Kierkegaard, Soren, 25n23, 140, 192 Knepper, Timothy, 23n15 knowing, 52, 55, 58n11, 74, 120,
128n76, 168, 216, 277, 281 Kolakowski, Leszek, 283, 289n46 Kumar, Krishan, 210, 211, 246n49,
247n55, 253n139 Küng, Hans, 74, 82–4, 123n3,
123n7, 125n32, 125n36, 125n39
L Lacan, Jacques, 230 language, 5, 6, 12–16, 24n19, 39,
50, 53, 54, 60n19, 65n57, 70n101, 93, 98, 108, 110, 113, 129n97, 139–41, 143–5, 148–59, 162, 169–75, 180n64, 180n68, 182n92, 184n124, 217, 218, 230, 232, 237–9, 246n45, 253n139, 253n142, 255n148, 262, 268, 271, 276, 285
language-games, 54, 129n97, 139, 144, 152–6, 158, 255n148
Larkin, Philip, 148, 179n40 Lasine, Stuart, 12, 25n24, 26n25,
78, 79, 124n19, 125n25 law, 53, 54, 68n76, 71n102, 76–8,
83, 84, 86, 87, 89, 96, 97, 99, 125n31, 125n41, 158, 198, 273, 274 . See also legal imagery
legal imagery, 35 . See also trial
314 Index
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, 1, 18n1, 19n3, 23n16, 30, 33, 34, 47, 129n92, 289n46
Levinas, Emmanuel, 11, 21n11, 75, 87–96, 98, 118, 127n58, 127n59, 127n63–5, 127n69, 128n84, 129n93, 135n144, 136n150, 176n9, 285, 288n28
Levi, Primo, 15, 27n35, 45, 61n25, 66n61, 137n167, 279, 289n40
limits of language, the, 12, 13, 152, 155, 157, 172, 180n64
lying, 43, 64n55, 99, 145, 233, 277
M Maimonides, Moses, 41 Malpas, Jeff , 155, 180n63 Marchetti, Sarin, 189, 196, 198,
231, 235, 241n1, 241n4, 242n10, 243n14, 243n18, 243n21, 243n23, 244n24, 244n25, 246n46
Margalit, Avishai, 104–6, 108, 109, 111, 119, 130n101, 131n107, 131n109, 131n110, 131n112, 132n114, 137n168, 192, 242n11, 288n39
martyrdom, 88, 279 mathematical truths, 223, 225,
249n100, 251n118 McCord Adams, Marilyn, 3, 19n5,
33, 58n10, 58n12, 179n50, 248n77
meaninglessness, 4, 13, 67n74, 87, 91, 94, 96, 101, 107, 122,
147, 149, 162, 173, 222, 240, 259, 279–84
melancholy, 15, 99, 202, 207, 208, 260
meliorism, 8, 199 metaphysical forgiveness, 107,
137n167, 138n174 metaphysical guilt, 107, 132n122 metaphysics, 4, 27n37, 59n15,
66n59, 70n100, 133n128, 133n129, 135n146, 189–91, 193, 194, 196, 198–200, 205, 219, 231, 234, 235, 242n8, 243n16, 244n27, 246n46, 251n119, 252n131, 254n143, 261, 266, 267, 270, 289n44, 289n46
Miller, J. Hillis, 77, 78, 80, 81, 124n15, 124n18, 125n26, 125n41, 125n44
Mill, John Stuart, 234 Milton, John, 25n24, 27n34,
288n29 Mittleman, Alan, 37, 41, 61n29,
62n37, 62n43 monism, 147, 191, 195, 199, 200,
203–5, 266, 284 moral antitheodicism, 25n23,
64n56, 188, 258, 263, 272 morality, 8, 9, 15, 31, 43, 44, 52, 53,
55, 58n8, 58n12, 61n26, 66n59, 70n98, 83, 84, 89, 104, 110, 114, 125n40, 128n84, 141, 159, 160, 189, 192, 195, 196, 198, 199, 204, 238, 239, 261, 267, 268, 270–3
moral subject, 157–61
Index 315
moral truth, 279–81 Mulhall, Stephen, 141, 175n5, 176n10
N narrativity, 11, 66n59, 79, 137n167,
265 Nazism, 21n8 necessity, 8, 9, 97, 99, 106,
133n129, 140, 161, 204, 266, 273, 290n48
Neiman, Susan, 6, 21n12, 21n13, 42, 43, 45, 52, 61n29, 63n48, 63n50, 66n59, 69n95, 69n96, 127n57, 261, 286n9
neopragmatism, 17, 188, 192, 193, 231, 235
Newsom, Carol A., 40, 41, 59n16, 59n17, 60n19, 62n39, 62n40
Newspeak, 16, 235, 237–9, 253n139 non-acknowledgment, 21n10, 43,
99, 102, 208, 263, 277, 285
non-narrativity, 11, 265 non-recognition, 102, 131n103, 208 nonsense, 74, 127n69, 139–85 Nussbaum, Martha, 247n53
O objectivity, 13, 236, 240, 252n131,
267 obscenity, 52, 87–90, 92, 101 openness, 15, 42, 77–81, 83, 85, 86,
113, 117, 118, 265 optimism, 24n16, 143, 200, 201,
207, 211 Orr, David W., 253n142
Orwell, George, 13, 14, 17, 26n30, 26n31, 64n54, 73, 187–255, 260–2, 286n2, 286n7, 287n11, 288n27
otherness, 66n59, 137n167, 277 other, the, 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 14, 15,
18n2, 21n11, 22n15, 25n21, 26n27, 27n36, 30, 32, 37–9, 42, 45, 50, 53, 55, 56, 58n8, 59n16, 68n75, 69n94, 69n95, 73, 74, 76–8, 80, 82, 84, 87, 88, 90–6, 100–2, 107, 108, 112, 113, 115, 118, 120, 126n52, 127n58, 128n76, 129n98, 134n137, 135n144, 135n148, 136n150, 137n169, 139, 142–5, 147, 151–3, 156–9, 162, 163, 165, 171, 173, 174, 175n4, 179n50, 181n76, 182n92, 189, 192, 195, 197, 203, 205–8, 211, 212, 216, 219, 221, 224–6, 231–3, 237, 238, 240, 241, 241n3, 246n45, 246n46, 247n65, 250n101, 254n142, 255n147, 258, 261, 263, 265, 266, 268, 269, 271, 273, 275–9, 281, 282, 285, 286, 287n23
Otto, Rudolf, 65n59
P pain, 14, 31, 40, 51, 65n57, 91, 92,
94, 96–8, 148, 171, 184n132, 201, 202, 211, 213, 214, 221, 226, 229, 230, 247n65, 259, 264, 283
316 Index
Peirce, Charles S., 121, 138n171, 190, 192, 242n7
Perry, Ralph Barton, 200, 203, 245n29, 245n30, 245n36
pessimism, 23n16, 200 pessimistic fi ction, 211 Phillips, D.Z., 4, 12, 13, 45, 48, 53,
70n101, 140, 142–6, 149, 150, 153, 154, 159, 164, 172, 175n4, 176n13, 176n14, 177n15, 177n16, 177n19, 177n22, 177n23, 178n28–178n30, 179n40, 179n41, 179n47, 179n51, 179n53, 179n54, 180n55, 180n57, 180n64, 180n68, 182n92, 184n130, 184n136–84n138, 246n45, 255n148, 264
philosophy of religion, 2–4, 19n3, 22n15, 26n33, 29, 45, 57n1, 57n2, 58n12, 69n94, 100, 138n170, 139, 143, 145, 148, 157, 175n1, 176n14, 177n24, 178n26, 178n29, 199, 205, 207, 287n23, 288n28
Plantinga, Alvin, 3, 19n5, 49, 156 pluralism, 20n5, 24n18, 191, 195,
196, 200, 203, 204, 241n1, 243n18, 266
positive thinking, 206, 253n137 possibility, 3, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15,
17, 32, 33, 48, 52, 58n12, 84, 85, 100, 103, 105, 107, 110, 113, 114, 116, 120, 132n122, 139, 140, 147, 155–7, 159, 160, 165, 168, 172, 188, 196, 203–6, 216, 223, 231, 234–7, 239, 241,
244n44, 251n125, 252n133, 254n143, 255n147, 257–9, 261, 263, 266, 267, 269–74, 277, 279–81, 284, 286n10
post-Holocaust ethics, 11 pragmatism, 7, 13, 17, 19n4, 27n33,
67n68, 67n70, 69n94, 133n128, 187–255, 260, 272, 286n11, 289n44
prayer, 121, 142, 146, 166, 217 privacy, 211, 226, 227 Propp, Vladimir, 78 punishment, 32, 37, 38, 41, 62n42,
77–9, 97, 165, 236, 274
R radical evil, 8, 21n11, 30, 54, 56n1,
66n59, 78, 126n52, 158 Raphael, D.D., 266, 287n17 real generals, 3, 4, 6–9, 12, 14, 15,
37, 38, 46, 51, 54, 57n2, 58n8, 63n53, 83, 87, 90, 100, 104, 105, 107–10, 112, 114, 116, 119, 121, 126n56, 136n150, 137n167, 139, 140, 146, 148, 149, 151, 159, 162, 168, 178n28, 178n29, 182n92, 188, 192, 198, 199, 207, 208, 217, 219, 231, 233, 234, 240, 241n1, 242n10, 244n25, 244n27, 252n128, 254n143, 258, 259, 262, 263, 266–8, 270, 279–81, 288n24
realism, 14, 17, 138n171, 195, 233, 248n82, 267, 279
Index 317
reality, 5, 8, 13, 20n7, 23n16, 24n19, 27n35, 27n36, 43, 44, 47, 53, 74, 87–9, 103, 106, 114, 115, 126n52, 129n99, 138n171, 138n174, 146, 150, 151, 155, 156, 167, 168, 192, 194, 199–205, 207–9, 211, 212, 218–20, 224, 226, 227, 229, 231, 233, 236, 239, 240, 242n10, 244n25, 249n89, 250n110, 258, 260, 263, 267, 268, 271, 281, 289n48
recognition, 53, 68n75, 102, 104, 131n103, 131n108, 147, 148, 175n1, 205, 206, 208, 238–40, 244n27, 262, 274, 276, 281
reconciliation, 49, 69n94, 74, 100, 103, 107–9, 115, 116, 118, 132n112, 202, 207 . See also forgiveness
Reilly, Patrick, 78, 84, 124n16, 124n20, 125n31, 126n48, 210, 212, 227, 246n47, 246n51, 247n54, 247n73, 248n79–248n81, 249n93, 250n104, 251n116, 255n147, 286n2
religion, 2–4, 12, 13, 19n3, 19n4, 22–3n15, 24n18, 24n19, 26–7n33, 26n24, 29, 43, 45, 47, 53, 56–7n1, 57n2, 58n12, 61n25, 69n94, 71n103, 84, 100, 125n40, 138n170, 139, 140, 142, 143, 145, 146, 148, 149, 154, 156, 157, 159, 161, 175n1, 175n4, 176n13,
176n14, 177n24, 178n27, 178n29, 179n41, 182n89, 182n93, 189, 190, 199, 201, 205, 207, 209–17, 219, 227, 246n46, 255n147, 260, 261, 272, 287n23, 288n28
Rhees, Rush, 12 Ricoeur, Paul, 288n28 rituals, 215 Rorty, Richard, 13, 17, 26n32,
27n37, 64n54, 187–255, 261, 290n49
Roth, John K., 25n21, 66n62, 70n101, 180n64
Royce, Josiah, 201, 204
S Sartre, Jean-Paul, 2, 25n23, 126n47,
184n138, 192 Satan, 50, 64n54, 213 satire, 27n36, 60n20, 267 saying vs. said, 96 Scholem, Gershom, 219, 220 Schopenhauer, Arthur, 23n16 Seeskin, Kenneth, 264, 286n5,
287n12 self (selfhood), 6, 13, 27n35, 39, 43,
44, 59n18, 61n26, 79, 88, 100, 108, 123, 124n8, 133n128, 145, 182n93, 198, 200, 202, 214, 217, 220, 223, 225–30, 232, 233, 238, 241n1, 242n10, 244n24, 271, 272, 278, 282, 284, 289n44
senselessness, 93, 162, 262 Sheehan, Jonathan, 34, 59n19,
62n45
318 Index
sick soul, the, 15, 27n33, 202, 206, 207, 260–2
Sidney, Sir Philip, 228 Sihvola, Juha, 19n3, 104, 105, 108,
109, 119, 130n100, 130n101, 131n106, 137n168
Simpson, Mark, 57n2, 65n56, 275, 276, 288n28, 288n30
sin, 22n15, 24n16, 24n19, 31, 38, 52, 78, 112, 125, 130n101, 131n110, 153, 217, 236
sincerity (Aufrichtigkeit), 5, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 21n10, 25n22, 28n82, 29–71, 92, 93, 95, 96, 99, 107, 127n69, 146, 199, 218, 219, 222–31, 233–6, 239–41, 250n102, 252n133, 253n140, 261, 278, 287n11
skeptical theism, 19n4, 88, 152, 177n25
skepticism, 128n76, 281 Small, Christopher, 26n30, 223,
247n59, 248n81, 249n95, 249n99
Socrates, 111 solipsism, 224, 249n98 Sölle, Dorothee, 44, 65n57, 285,
290n50 Soni, Vivasvan, 59n18, 62n30,
62n36, 79, 124n22 soul-making theodicy, 2, 176n13 Soviet Union, the, 222 Sprigge, T.L.S., 204, 205, 245n38,
246n40 Steiner, George, 265, 287n15 Stump, Eleonore, 49–52, 60n18,
68n77, 68n79, 69n94, 93, 145, 178n26
suff ering, 1, 32, 73, 139, 187, 257 suicide, 165, 201 superstition, 53, 141, 142, 157 Surin, Kenneth, 148, 179n41 Swinburne, Richard, 2, 19n5, 33,
142, 143, 146, 148, 150, 176n13, 176n14, 177n21
T teleology, 22n15, 40, 41, 58n13 testimony, 40, 62n40, 63n46, 117,
164, 167, 180n64, 279–84 theism, 2, 3, 19n4, 20n7, 23n15,
24n19, 47, 51, 69n94, 88, 103, 152, 154, 156, 159, 177n25, 195, 196, 198, 205, 206, 245n33
theodicism, 2–4, 7–9, 11, 22n15, 23n16, 24n19, 25n22, 25n23, 29, 34, 43, 48, 53, 61n28, 64n56, 70n99, 102, 103, 105, 113, 123, 142, 147–50, 154, 156, 157, 159, 201, 238, 271, 274, 275, 277, 278, 283–5, 289n48
theodicy, 1–3, 7, 8, 11, 13–16, 18n1, 19n3, 21n11, 22n15, 24n19, 24n20, 25n22, 26n24, 26n33, 29–35, 37, 38, 41, 43–56, 57n1, 58n8–58n10, 59n15, 66n59, 66n62, 67n75, 68n76, 69n94, 70n97, 70n98, 74, 85–99, 101–6, 115, 119, 120, 127n58, 127n69, 128n84, 130n101, 135n144, 141, 142, 145, 147, 148, 153, 154, 163,
Index 319
167, 172, 173, 176n13, 187–9, 191, 201, 205, 206, 208, 209, 212, 214, 215, 217, 220, 221, 223, 236, 238, 241n2, 248n77, 250n101, 257, 264–6, 274–8, 282, 288n28, 288n29, 289n47
Tilley, Terrence W., 22n15, 68n77, 241n2, 286n1, 288n28
torture, 23n16, 96–8, 137n167, 213, 229, 230, 232, 235
totalitarianism, 65n56, 212, 215, 236, 239, 249n89, 250n104, 252n133
tragedy, 12, 13, 35, 82, 207, 211, 246n44, 265, 266
Trakakis, Nicholas, 22n15, 286n1 transcendence (transcendent, the),
27n33, 76, 77, 82, 84, 90, 124n10, 155, 164
transcendental antitheodicism, 9, 27n36, 258, 264, 271, 272, 285
transcendental arguments, 15, 154, 157, 205, 257, 258, 263, 265, 266, 268, 270–2, 280, 284, 285
transcendental forgiveness, 102, 106–12, 114, 115, 119–23, 134n136, 274
transcendental philosophy, 63n53, 110, 133, 150, 156, 157, 272, 289n44
trial, 11, 12, 15, 25n24, 30, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 59n18, 60n20, 70n97, 74, 75, 77–86, 98, 115, 117, 119, 123n8, 214, 269, 273, 274, 278
truth, 13–17, 26, 36, 39, 40, 42, 52, 63–4n54, 83, 86, 87, 95, 97, 105, 130n100, 146–9, 170, 171, 188–90, 197–9, 201, 202, 209, 211–14, 216–19, 221–6, 228–41, 248n82, 249n101, 251n125, 252n128, 252n133, 254n143, 255n148, 257–9, 261, 274, 279–81, 286n10, 286n11, 289n48
truthfulness, 11, 13, 14, 17, 39, 43, 50, 63–4n54, 86, 95, 96, 148, 187–255, 259, 272, 278–81
U unforgivable, the, 102, 103, 112,
113, 120, 121, 132n112, 135n148, 137n168, 138n173
utopia, 209–11, 218–22, 237, 253n139, 283
V van Inwagen, Peter, 3, 17, 19n5, 49,
248n77, 251n119 victims, 5, 12, 16, 38, 42, 45, 46,
50, 51, 61n26, 65n57, 74, 78, 87, 88, 92, 97, 98, 100–3, 108, 113, 116, 132n112, 138n173, 144, 191, 206, 208, 211, 214, 244n27, 262, 274–6
violence, 10, 11, 38, 39, 42, 116, 117, 214, 221, 238
320 Index
virtue, 11, 29, 32, 34–7, 43, 47, 50, 58n12, 59n18, 60n22, 64n53, 103, 155, 196, 213, 246n46, 278
Voltaire, 15, 25n24 von Stosch, Klaus, 19n3, 19n5,
20n7, 24n16, 57n1, 67n75 vulnerability, 69n94, 104, 120, 160,
192, 284
W Weltsch, Felix, 79, 124n17, 124n23,
125n35, 125n45 Wilcox, John T., 60n25, 70n98 Williams, Bernard, 63n54, 248n82 Winch, Peter, 12, 179n53 wisdom literature, 35 witnessing, 280
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 6, 7, 10, 12, 13, 16, 17, 26n26, 27n37, 52, 53, 62n42, 110, 123, 127n69, 133n128, 133n129, 138n175, 139–85, 192, 240, 242n10, 243n15, 245n34, 246n45, 248n79, 254n143, 264, 268–70, 272, 273, 280–2, 284, 286n10, 287n21–3, 288n25, 288n28, 289n43–289n45
World War II, 40, 214
Z Zamyatin, Yevgeny, 214, 224,
247n70, 249n100, 250n104