Achieving accessibility in mathematics and scientific fields
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description
This presentation deals with a topic often forgotten in the web contents and tools. We'll present the state of the art for web accessibility in general and in Moodle, plus we'll introduce a new approach to creating accessible math contents.
Transcript of Achieving accessibility in mathematics and scientific fields
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inter action
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inter action
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Learning or communicating
disabilities
dyslexia, autism, etc
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Learning or communicating
disabilities
dyslexia, autism, etc
Visual impairment
Complete or partial, and color blindness
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Learning or communicating
disabilities
dyslexia, autism, etc
Visual impairment
Complete or partial, and color blindness
Hearing impairment
Complete or partial
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Learning or communicating
disabilities
dyslexia, autism, etc
Visual impairment
Complete or partial, and color blindness
Hearing impairment
Complete or partial
Motor or dexterity impairment
e.g. paralysis
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in the context of a Learning Management System such as …
Content creator
Teacher
Student
(Administrator)
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Content interpretation
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Content creation
Content interpretation
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2 x+1
2x + 1
Grammatical
two to the power of x
plus one end exponent
two to the power of x
end exponent plus one
Prosodic
two to the power of [pause] x plus one
two to the power of x [pause] plus one
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𝟐
𝟑
𝟒 and
𝟐𝟑
𝟒
Pros
Cons
Grammatical
unambiguous
more complex
Prosodic
simple
ambiguous
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What happens with the difference between
𝟐
𝟑
𝟒 and
𝟐𝟑
𝟒
?
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“Currently there is a complete mismatch between mainstream software for mathematics and existing screen readers when it comes to multimodal presentations of formulae. In most cases formulae are printed on the screen using graphical glyphs. Hence, learning environments are basically unusable for mathematics by people with disabilities such as dyslexia, dysgraphia, and any visual impairment.” Mika Seppälä, Florida State University
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screen reader
plug-in
MathML formula
• The plug-in transforms the MathML into a textual description ready for verbalisation.
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screen reader
plug-in
MathML formula
Formula • 2𝑥 + 1 = 9
MathML
• <math>
• <msup>
• <mn>2</mn>
• <mi>x</mi>
• </msup>
• <mo>+</mo>
• <mn>1</mn>
• <mo>=</mo>
• <mn>9</mn>
• </math>
Plug-in • 2 to the power of x plus 1 equal 9
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• dependance on external elements and technologies
• incompatibilities on different devices and OS
• convivial with CSS and text formatting
• The formula adapts to user parametrisation of screen
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screen reader
alternative text
image
• The alternative text is automatically generated at the moment of formula creation.
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screen reader
Alternative text
image Formula
• 2𝑥 + 1 = 9
Image •
Alternative text
• 2 to the power of x plus 1 equal 9
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• The formula is stored as an image.
• The image contains a standard tag “alternative text” with a textual description.
• In this example: “F open parentheses x close parentheses equal integral subscript a superscript b f open parentheses x close parentheses d x”
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• little conviviality with CSS and different text styles
• by enlargement of the formula, it loses quality due to extrapolation
• independence of plugins and screen reader produces a robust system
• transversally deployable in different devices and Operating Systems
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Content creator
Teacher Student
• Tools can also support the content creation process by differently able professionals
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Thanks for your attention
car les@wir is .com
twitter.com/car les_wir is
facebook.com/ wir ismath
