Experimental Challenges of Big Collider Experiments

DELPHI@LEP 1989 - 2000 CERN

D0@Tevatron 2001 - ~2008 Fermilab

ATLAS@LHC ~2007 -> CERN

Presented by Kerstin Jon-And 2003-03-06

Accelerator based experimental particle

physics

R&D startdata taking

c.m. energy

bunch crossing rate

no of phys’s

SU hardwarecontribution

DELPHI~82 89-00

90 - 200 GeV

45 kHz ~500 calorimeterelectronis

D0(-99) 01~08

2 TeV 2.5 MHz(7.5 MHz)

~650 silicondetector

ATLAS

~92 ~07->

14 TeV 40 MHz ~1800

calorimeter and triggerelectronics

€

p p

€

pp€

e+e−

Collider experiments with

SU participation

The ATLAS instrumentation projects are a close collaboration between the Particle Physics and the Instrumentation Physics groups.

Physics requirements (examples)

H photons em calorimeter mH ~ 1.3 GeV (~ 1%)

H 4 muons muon tracking mH ~ 3.6 GeV

in mag. field (~ 2%)

SUSY jets hadronmissing ET calorimeter

(~ 4%@400GeV)

top e, , jets

B physics vertex inner detector R ~ 12 m (pixel)

~ 1ps tracking

€

˜ q →q ˜ χ

€

E

≤50%

E⊕ 3%

Photons

Electrons

Charged hadrons

Neutral hadrons

Muons

Neutrinos and

neutralinos

Inner

detector

Electromagnetic

calorimeter

Hadron

calorimeter

Muon

system

LEP/LHC

SPS

CERN

Fermilab

ATLAS

22 m

44 m

Vikt 7000 t

Subdetector technologies

innerdetector

emcalori-meter

hadroniccalori-meter

muondetector

D0

Si microstrips, scint. fiber tracker, solenoid (2 T)

U-LAr U-LAr mini-drift chambers, iron toroids

ATLAS

semicond. pixels,Si microstrips,straw tubes,solenoid (2 T)

lead-LAr,W-LAr

iron-scint. tiles,copper-LAr,W-LAr

drift tubes, cathode strip chambers,air core toroids (2-6 Tm)

Higgsinto twophotons

nopile-up

Higgsinto twophotons

L=10^34pile-up

SMT

D0 Barrels F-Disks H-DisksLayers/planes 4 12 4

Channels 387120 258000 147456Modules 432 144 192ReadoutLength

12 cm 7.5 cm 14.6 cm

Inner Radius 2.7 cm 2.6 cm 9.5 cmOuter Radius 9.4 cm 10.5 cm 26 cm

~ 793,000 readout channels

~6000 chips

SMT ladder

Sara at work at Fermilab testing Si detectors.

extended barrel

extended barrel, 32 modules à 3 m

barrel, 64 modules à 6 m and 10 tons

ATLAS Tile calorimeter

Tilecal principle

scintillator

WLS fiber

iron

PMT

particles

Tilecal electronics requirements

• To digitize PMT signals obtained from different calorimeter segments.

• To provide a dynamic range of 16 bits for the energy measurements. Two versions of each signal, a high and a low gain, are presented to the digitizer, which contains the logic to choose gain.

• To digitize data every 25 ns and store data in a pipeline for at least 2.5 s awaiting the Lvl1 decision.

• To be sufficiently radiation tolerant.

• Adopt the design to the space available inside the “drawers”.

Digitizer boards

256 “super drawers” with 6 or 8 boards ~ 2000 boards

local engin.

technical genius (prof)

administrative boss(prof)

technical experts (PhD stud)

QC

boss bossLHCK

GRID

Tilecal m’g’ment @ CERN

industry 10

industry 1industry 2

industry 8industry 9

Tilecal @ CERN

physics data!!

ATLAS in the pit 2007

U. of Clermont-F

Tilecal electronics SU

2000 digitizers

Jonas and Magnus at work at Tilecal digitizer test bench

Pre-assembly of Tilecal: 20.01.2003 - 14 Modules

CylinderPreass.start-end

Assem.in the pit,start-end

EBCOct 02 -Mar 03

Oct 04 - Feb 05

BarrelMay 03 - Nov 03

May 04 - Oct 04

EBAFeb 04 - June 04

May 05 - Sept 05

Upgrading the LHC … the SLHC• Initial Studies

• Physics

• Detector R&D

From presentation by R. Cashmore ATLAS week Feb. 2003

FUTURE developments?D0 upgrade for run IIb in 2006 - ongoing at Fermilab

Detector development for a linear e+e-

collider?

References+ Talks by F. Gianotti, D. Green and F. Ruggiero at the ICFA Seminar (Oct 2002)

ConclusionsLHC luminosity upgrade can extend:• physics reach of LHC at a moderate extra cost relative to initial LHC investment. • the LHC ‘lifetime’

To realise this reach, the LHC detectors must preserve performance: trackers must be rebuilt, and calorimeters, muon systems, triggers and DAQ need development. Upgrades programme, from launch to data taking will take 8-10 years The time to start is soon.

If the path of going to higher luminosities is chosen then need to support a detector and accelerator R&D programme similar to the DRDC* one but perhaps more directed.

* Current LHC detector technologies were chosen after a very successful Detector R&D programme launched by CERN in early 90’s

From presentation by R. Cashmore ATLAS week Feb. 2003