8 - 50Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Fourteenth Edition

8 - 46Valuation of Inventories: A Cost-Basis Approach

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Week 5 Midterm Exam: Chapters 8 Through 11

CHAPTER 8

VALUATION OF INVENTORIES: A COST-BASIS APPROACH

IFRS questions are available at the end of this chapter.

TRUE FALSEConceptual

1.A manufacturing concern would report the cost of units only partially processed as inventory in the balance sheet.

2.Both merchandising and manufacturing companies normally have multiple inventory accounts.

3.When using a perpetual inventory system, freight charges on goods purchased are debited to Freight-In.

4. If a supplier ships goods f.o.b. destination, title passes to the buyer when the supplier delivers the goods to the common carrier.

5.If ending inventory is understated, then net income is understated.

6.If both purchases and ending inventory are overstated by the same amount, net income is not affected.

7.Freight charges on goods purchased are considered a period cost and therefore are not part of the cost of the inventory.

8.Purchase Discounts Lost is a financial expense and is reported in the other expenses and losses section of the income statement.

9.The cost flow assumption adopted must be consistent with the physical movement of the goods.

10.In all cases when FIFO is used, the cost of goods sold would be the same whether a perpetual or periodic system is used.

11.The change in the LIFO Reserve from one period to the next is recorded as an adjustment to Cost of Goods Sold.

12.Many companies use LIFO for both tax and internal reporting purposes.

13.LIFO liquidation often distorts net income, but usually leads to substantial tax savings.

14.LIFO liquidations can occur frequently when using a specific-goods approach.

15.Dollar-value LIFO techniques help protect LIFO layers from erosion.

16.The dollar-value LIFO method measures any increases and decreases in a pool in terms of total dollar value and physical quantity of the goods.

17.A disadvantage of LIFO is that it does not match more recent costs against current revenues as well as FIFO.

18.The LIFO conformity rule requires that if a company uses LIFO for tax purposes, it must also use LIFO for financial accounting purposes.

19.Use of LIFO provides a tax benefit in an industry where unit costs tend to decrease as production increases.

20.LIFO is inappropriate where unit costs tend to decrease as production increases.

True False AnswersConceptual

MULTIPLE CHOICEConceptual

21.Which of the following inventories carried by a manufacturer is similar to the merchandise inventory of a retailer?a.Raw materials.b.Work-in-process.c.Finished goods.d.Supplies.

22.Where should raw materials be classified on the balance sheet?a.Prepaid expenses.b.Inventory.c.Equipment.d.Not on the balance sheet.

23.Which of the following accounts is not reported in inventory?a.Raw materials.b.Equipment.c.Finished goods.d.Supplies.

24.Why are inventories included in the computation of net income?a.To determine cost of goods sold.b.To determine sales revenue.c.To determine merchandise returns.d.Inventories are not included in the computation of net income.

25.Which of the following is a characteristic of a perpetual inventory system?a.Inventory purchases are debited to a Purchases account.b.Inventory records are not kept for every item.c.Cost of goods sold is recorded with each sale.d.Cost of goods sold is determined as the amount of purchases less the change in inventory.

26.How is a significant amount of consignment inventory reported in the balance sheet?a.The inventory is reported separately on the consignor's balance sheet.b.The inventory is combined with other inventory on the consignor's balance sheet.c.The inventory is reported separately on the consignee's balance sheet.d.The inventory is combined with other inventory on the consignee's balance sheet.

27.Where should goods in transit that were recently purchased f.o.b. destination be included on the balance sheet?a.Accounts payable.b.Inventory.c.Equipment.d.Not on the balance sheet.

28.If a company uses the periodic inventory system, what is the impact on net income of including goods in transit f.o.b. shipping point in purchases, but not ending inventory?a.Overstate net income.b.Understate net income.c.No effect on net income.d.Not sufficient information to determine effect on net income.

29.If a company uses the periodic inventory system, what is the impact on the current ratio of including goods in transit f.o.b. shipping point in purchases, but not ending inventory?a.Overstate the current ratio.b.Understate the current ratio.c.No effect on the current ratio.d.Not sufficient information to determine effect on the current ratio.

30.What is consigned inventory?a.Goods that are shipped, but title transfers to the receiver.b.Goods that are sold, but payment is not required until the goods are sold.c.Goods that are shipped, but title remains with the shipper.d.Goods that have been segregated for shipment to a customer.

31.When using a perpetual inventory system,a.no Purchases account is used.b.a Cost of Goods Sold account is used.c.two entries are required to record a sale.d.all of these.

32.Goods in transit which are shipped f.o.b. shipping point should bea.included in the inventory of the seller.b.included in the inventory of the buyer.c.included in the inventory of the shipping company.d.none of these.

33.Goods in transit which are shipped f.o.b. destination should bea.included in the inventory of the seller.b.included in the inventory of the buyer.c.included in the inventory of the shipping company.d.none of these.

34.Which of the following items should be included in a company's inventory at the balance sheet date?a.Goods in transit which were purchased f.o.b. destination.b.Goods received from another company for sale on consignment.c.Goods sold to a customer which are being held for the customer to call for at his or her convenience.d.None of these.

Use the following information for questions 35 and 36.During 2012 Carne Corporation transferred inventory to Nolan Corporation and agreed to repurchase the merchandise early in 2013. Nolan then used the inventory as collateral to borrow from Norwalk Bank, remitting the proceeds to Carne. In 2013 when Carne repurchased the inventory, Nolan used the proceeds to repay its bank loan.

35.This transaction is known as a(n)a.consignment.b.installment sale.c.assignment for the benefit of creditors.d.product financing arrangement.

36.On whose books should the cost of the inventory appear at the December 31, 2012 balance sheet date?a.Carne Corporationb.Nolan Corporationc.Norwalk Bankd.Nolan Corporation, with Carne making appropriate note disclosure of the transaction

37.Goods on consignment area.included in the consignee's inventory.b.recorded in a Consignment Out account which is an inventory account.c.recorded in a Consignment In account which is an inventory account.d.all of these

S38.Valuation of inventories requires the determination of all of the following excepta.the costs to be included in inventory.b.the physical goods to be included in inventory.c.the cost of goods held on consignment from other companies.d.the cost flow assumption to be adopted.

P39.The accountant for the Pryor Sales Company is preparing the income statement for 2012 and the balance sheet at December 31, 2012. Pryor uses the periodic inventory system. The January 1, 2012 merchandise inventory balance will appeara.only as an asset on the balance sheet.b.only in the cost of goods sold section of the income statement.c.as a deduction in the cost of goods sold section of the income statement and as a current asset on the balance sheet.d.as an addition in the cost of goods sold section of the income statement and as a current asset on the balance sheet.

P40.If the beginning inventory for 2012 is overstated, the effects of this error on cost of goods sold for 2012, net income for 2012, and assets at December 31, 2013, respectively, area.overstatement, understatement, overstatement.b.overstatement, understatement, no effect.c.understatement, overstatement, overstatement.d.understatement, overstatement, no effect.

S41.The failure to record a purchase of merchandise on account even though the goods are properly included in the physical inventory results ina.an overstatement of assets and net income.b.an understatement of assets and net income.c.an understatement of cost of goods sold and liabilities and an overstatement of assets.d.an understatement of liabilities and an overstatement of owners' equity.

42.Dolan Co. received merchandise on consignment. As of March 31, Dolan had recorded the transaction as a purchase and included the goods in inventory. The effect of this on its financial statements for March 31 would bea.no effect.b.net income was correct and current assets and current liabilities were overstated.c.net income, current assets, and current liabilities were overstated.d.net income and current liabilities were overstated.

43.Green Co. received merchandise on consignment. As of January 31, Green included the goods in inventory, but did not record the transaction. The effect of this on its financial statements for January 31 would bea.net income, current assets, and retained earnings were overstated.b.net income was correct and current assets were understated.c.net income and current assets were overstated and current liabilities were understated.d.net income, current assets, and retained earnings were understated.

44.Feine Co. accepted delivery of merchandise which it purchased on account. As of December 31, Feine had recorded the transaction, but did not include the merchandise in its inventory. The effect of this on its financial statements for December 31 would bea.net income, current assets, and retained earnings were understated.b.net income was correct and current assets were understated.c.net income was understated and current liabilities were overstated.d.net income was overstated and current assets were understated.

45.On June 15, 2012, Wynne Corporation accepted delivery of merchandise which it pur-chased on account. As of June 30, Wynne had not recorded the transaction or included the merchandise in its inventory. The effect of this on its balance sheet for June 30, 2012 would bea.assets and stockholders' equity were overstated but liabilities were not affected.b.stockholders' equity was the only item affected by the omission.c.assets, liabilities, and stockholders' equity were understated.d.none of these.

46.What is the effect of a $50,000 overstatement of last year's inventory on current years ending retained earning balance?a.Understated by $50,000.b.No effect.c.Overstated by $50,000.d.Need more information to determine.

47.Which of the following is a product cost as it relates to inventory?a.Selling costs.b.Interest costs.c.Raw materials.d.Abnormal spoilage.

48.Which of the following is a period cost?a.Labor costs.b.Freight in.c.Production costs.d.Selling costs.

49.Which method may be used to record cash discounts a company receives for paying suppliers promptly?a.Net method.b.Gross method.c.Average method.d.a and b.

50.Which of the following is included in inventory costs?a.Product costs.b.Period costs.c.Product and period costs.d.Neither product or period costs.

51.Which of the following is correct?a.Selling costs are product costs.b.Manufacturing overhead costs are product costs.c.Interest costs for routine inventories are product costs.d.All of these.

52.All of the following costs should be charged against revenue in the period in which costs are incurred except fora.manufacturing overhead costs for a product manufactured and sold in the same accounting period.b.costs which will not benefit any future period.c.costs from idle manufacturing capacity resulting from an unexpected plant shutdown.d.costs of normal shrinkage and scrap incurred for the manufacture of a product in ending inventory.

53.Which of the following types of interest cost incurred in connection with the purchase or manufacture of inventory should be capitalized as a product cost?a.Purchase discounts lostb.Interest incurred during the production of discrete projects such as ships or real estate projectsc.Interest incurred on notes payable to vendors for routine purchases made on a repetitive basisd.All of these should be capitalized.

54.The use of a Discounts Lost account implies that the recorded cost of a purchased inventory item is itsa.invoice price.b.invoice price plus the purchase discount lost.c.invoice price less the purchase discount taken.d.invoice price less the purchase discount allowable whether taken or not.

55.The use of a Purchase Discounts account implies that the recorded cost of a purchased inventory item is itsa.invoice price.b.invoice price plus any purchase discount lost.c.invoice price less the purchase discount taken.d.invoice price less the purchase discount allowable whether taken or not.

Use the following information for questions 56 and 57.

During 2012, which was the first year of operations, Oswald Company had merchandise purchases of $985,000 before cash discounts. All purchases were made on terms of 2/10, n/30. Three-fourths of the items purchased were paid for within 10 days of purchase. All of the goods available had been sold at year end.

56.Which of the following recording procedures would result in the highest cost of goods sold for 2012?1.Recording purchases at gross amounts2. Recording purchases at net amounts, with the amount of discounts not taken shown under "other expenses" in the income statementa. 1b.2c.Either 1 or 2 will result in the same cost of goods sold.d.Cannot be determined from the information provided.

57.Which of the following recording procedures would result in the highest net income for 2012?1. Recording purchases at gross amounts2.Recording purchases at net amounts, with the amount of discounts not taken shown under "other expenses" in the income statementa.1b.2c.Either 1 or 2 will result in the same net income.d.Cannot be determined from the information provided.

58.When using the periodic inventory system, which of the following generally would not be separately accounted for in the computation of cost of goods sold?a.Trade discounts applicable to purchases during the periodb.Cash (purchase) discounts taken during the periodc.Purchase returns and allowances of merchandise during the periodd.Cost of transportation-in for merchandise purchased during the period

S59.Costs which are inventoriable include all of the following excepta.costs that are directly connected with the bringing of goods to the place of business of the buyer.b.costs that are directly connected with the converting of goods to a salable condition.c.buying costs of a purchasing department.d.selling costs of a sales department.

P60.Which inventory costing method most closely approximates current cost for each of the following:Ending InventoryCost of Goods Solda.FIFOFIFOb.FIFOLIFOc.LIFOFIFOd.LIFOLIFO

61.In situations where there is a rapid turnover, an inventory method which produces a balance sheet valuation similar to the first-in, first-out method isa.average cost.b.base stock.c.joint cost.d.prime cost.

62.The pricing of issues from inventory must be deferred until the end of the accounting period under the following method of inventory valuation:a.moving average.b.weighted-average.c.LIFO perpetual.d.FIFO.

63.An inventory pricing procedure in which the oldest costs incurred rarely have an effect on the ending inventory valuation isa.FIFO.b.LIFO.c.base stock.d.weighted-average.

64.Which method of inventory pricing best approximates specific identification of the actual flow of costs and units in most manufacturing situations?a.Average costb.First-in, first-outc.Last-in, first-outd.Base stock

65.Assuming no beginning inventory, what can be said about the trend of inventory prices if cost of goods sold computed when inventory is valued using the FIFO method exceeds cost of goods sold when inventory is valued using the LIFO method?a.Prices decreased.b.Prices remained unchanged.c.Prices increased.d.Price trend cannot be determined from information given.

66.In a period of rising prices, the inventory method which tends to give the highest reported net income isa.base stock.b.first-in, first-out.c.last-in, first-out.d.weighted-average.

67.In a period of rising prices, the inventory method which tends to give the highest reported inventory isa.FIFO.b.moving average.c.LIFO.d.weighted-average.

68.Tanner Corporation's inventory cost on its balance sheet was lower using first-in, first-out than it would have been using last-in, first-out. Assuming no beginning inventory, in what direction did the cost of purchases move during the period?a.Upb.Downc.Steadyd.Cannot be determined

69.In a period of rising prices, the inventory method which tends to give the highest reported cost of goods sold isa.FIFO.b.average cost.c.LIFO.d.none of these.

70.Which of the following statements is not valid as it applies to inventory costing methods?a.If inventory quantities are to be maintained, part of the earnings must be invested (plowed back) in inventories when FIFO is used during a period of rising prices.b.LIFO tends to smooth out the net income pattern by matching current cost of goods sold with current revenue, when inventories remain at constant quantities.c.When a firm using the LIFO method fails to maintain its usual inventory position (reduces stock on hand below customary levels), there may be a matching of old costs with current revenue.d.The use of FIFO permits some control by management over the amount of net income for a period through controlled purchases, which is not true with LIFO.

71.The acquisition cost of a certain raw material changes frequently. The book value of the inventory of this material at year end will be the same if perpetual records are kept as it would be under a periodic inventory method only if the book value is computed under thea.weighted-average method.b.moving average method.c.LIFO method.d.FIFO method.

72.Which of the following is a reason why the specific identification method may be considered ideal for assigning costs to inventory and cost of goods sold?a.The potential for manipulation of net income is reduced.b.There is no arbitrary allocation of costs.c.The cost flow matches the physical flow.d.Able to use on all types of inventory.

73.In a period of rising prices which inventory method generally provides the greatest amount of net income?a.Average cost.b.FIFO.c.LIFO.d.Specific identification.

74.In a period of falling prices, which inventory method generally provides the greatest amount of net income?a.Average cost.b.FIFO.c.LIFO.d.Specific identification.

75.What is a LIFO reserve?a.The difference between the LIFO inventory and the amount used for internal reporting purposes.b.The tax savings attributed to using the LIFO method.c.The current effect of using LIFO on net income.d.Change in the LIFO inventory during the year.

76.When a company uses LIFO for external reporting purposes and FIFO for internal reporting purposes, an Allowance to Reduce Inventory to LIFO account is used. This account should be reporteda.on the income statement in the Other Revenues and Gains section.b.on the income statement in the Cost of Goods Sold section.c.on the income statement in the Other Expenses and Losses section.d.on the balance sheet in the Current Assets section.

77.What happens when inventory in base year dollars decreases?a.LIFO reserve increases.b.LIFO layer is created.c.LIFO layer is liquidated.d.LIFO price index decreases.

78.How might a company obtain a price index in order to apply dollar-value LIFO?a.Calculate an index based on recent inventory purchases.b.Use a general price level index published by the government.c.Use a price index prepared by an industry group.d.All of the above.

79.In the context of dollar-value LIFO, what is a LIFO layer?a.The difference between the LIFO inventory and the amount used for internal reporting purposes.b.The LIFO value of the inventory for a given year.c.The inventory in base year dollars.d.The LIFO value of an increase in the inventory for a given year.

S80.Which of the following statements is not true as it relates to the dollar-value LIFO inventory method?a.It is easier to erode LIFO layers using dollar-value LIFO techniques than it is with specific goods pooled LIFO.b.Under the dollar-value LIFO method, it is possible to have the entire inventory in only one pool.c.Several pools are commonly employed in using the dollar-value LIFO inventory method.d.Under dollar-value LIFO, increases and decreases in a pool are determined and measured in terms of total dollar value, not physical quantity.

S81.Which of the following is not considered an advantage of LIFO when prices are rising?a.The inventory will be overstated.b.The more recent costs are matched against current revenues.c.There will be a deferral of income tax.d.A company's future reported earnings will not be affected substantially by future price declines.

82.Which of the following is true regarding the use of LIFO for inventory valuation?a.If LIFO is used for external financial reporting, then it must also be used for internal reports.b.For purposes of external financial reporting, LIFO may not be used with the lower of cost or market approach.c.If LIFO is used for external financial reporting, then it cannot be used for tax purposes.d.None of these.

83.If inventory levels are stable or increasing, an argument which is not an advantage of the LIFO method as compared to FIFO isa.income taxes tend to be reduced in periods of rising prices.b.cost of goods sold tends to be stated at approximately current cost on the income statement.c.cost assignments typically parallel the physical flow of goods.d.income tends to be smoothed as prices change over time.

Multiple Choice AnswersConceptual

Multiple ChoiceComputational

84.Morgan Manufacturing Company has the following account balances at year end:Office supplies$ 4,000Raw materials27,000Work-in-process59,000Finished goods82,000Prepaid insurance6,000What amount should Morgan report as inventories in its balance sheet?a.$82,000. b.$86,000.c.$168,000.d.$172,000.

85.Lawson Manufacturing Company has the following account balances at year end:Office supplies$ 4,000Raw materials27,000Work-in-process59,000Finished goods97,000Prepaid insurance6,000What amount should Lawson report as inventories in its balance sheet?a.$97,000. b.$101,000.c.$183,000.d.$187,000.

86.Elkins Corporation uses the perpetual inventory method. On March 1, it purchased $20,000 of inventory, terms 2/10, n/30. On March 3, Elkins returned goods that cost $2,000. On March 9, Elkins paid the supplier. On March 9, Elkins should credita.purchase discounts for $400.b.inventory for $400.c.purchase discounts for $360.d.inventory for $360.

87.Malone Corporation uses the perpetual inventory method. On March 1, it purchased $50,000 of inventory, terms 2/10, n/30. On March 3, Malone returned goods that cost $5,000. On March 9, Malone paid the supplier. On March 9, Malone should credita.purchase discounts for $1,000.b.inventory for $1,000.c.purchase discounts for $900.d.inventory for $900.

88.Bell Inc. took a physical inventory at the end of the year and determined that $780,000 of goods were on hand. In addition, Bell, Inc. determined that $60,000 of goods that were in transit that were shipped f.o.b. shipping point were actually received two days after the inventory count and that the company had $90,000 of goods out on consignment. What amount should Bell report as inventory at the end of the year?a.$780,000.b.$840,000.c.$870,000.d.$930,000.

89.Bell Inc. took a physical inventory at the end of the year and determined that $760,000 of goods were on hand. In addition, the following items were not included in the physical count. Bell, Inc. determined that $96,000 of goods were in transit that were shipped f.o.b. destination (goods were actually received by the company three days after the inventory count).The company sold $40,000 worth of inventory f.o.b. destination. What amount should Bell report as inventory at the end of the year?a.$760,000.b.$856,000.c.$800,000.d.$896,000.

90.Risers Inc. reported total assets of $1,800,000 and net income of $200,000 for the current year. Risers determined that inventory was overstated by $15,000 at the beginning of the year (this was not corrected). What is the corrected amount for total assets and net income for the year?a.$1,800,000 and $200,000.b.$1,800,000 and $215,000.c.$1,785,000 and $185,000.d.$1,815,000 and $215,000.

91.Risers Inc. reported total assets of $3,200,000 and net income of $170,000 for the current year. Risers determined that inventory was understated by $46,000 at the beginning of the year and $20,000 at the end of the year. What is the corrected amount for total assets and net income for the year?a.$3,220,000 and $190,000.b.$3,180,000 and $196,000.c.$3,220,000 and $144,000.d.$3,200,000 and $170,000.

Use the following information for questions 92 through 94.

Hudson, Inc. is a calendar-year corporation. Its financial statements for the years 2013 and 2012 contained errors as follows:20132012Ending inventory$4,500 overstated$12,000 overstatedDepreciation expense$3,000 understated$9,000 overstated

92.Assume that the proper correcting entries were made at December 31, 2012. By how much will 2013 income before taxes be overstated or understated?a.$1,500 understatedb.$1,500 overstatedc.$3,000 overstatedd.$7,500 overstated

93.Assume that no correcting entries were made at December 31, 2012. Ignoring income taxes, by how much will retained earnings at December 31, 2013 be overstated or understated?a.$1,500 understatedb.$7,500 overstatedc.$7,500 understatedd.$13,500 understated

94.Assume that no correcting entries were made at December 31, 2012, or December 31, 2013 and that no additional errors occurred in 2014. Ignoring income taxes, by how much will working capital at December 31, 2014 be overstated or understated?a.$0b.$3,000 overstatedc.$3,000 understatedd.$7,500 understated

95.The following information is available for Naab Company for 2012:Freight-in$ 30,000Purchase returns75,000Selling expenses200,000Ending inventory260,000The cost of goods sold is equal to 400% of selling expenses. What is the cost of goods available for sale?a.$800,000.b.$1,090,000.c.$1,015,000.d.$1,060,000.Use the following information for questions 96 and 97.Winsor Co. records purchases at net amounts. On May 5 Winsor purchased merchandise on account, $20,000, terms 2/10, n/30. Winsor returned $1,500 of the May 5 purchase and received credit on account. At May 31 the balance had not been paid.

96.The amount to be recorded as a purchase return isa.$1,350.b.$1,530c.$1,500.d.$1,470.

97.By how much should the account payable be adjusted on May 31?a.$0.b.$430.c.$400.d.$370.

Use the following information for questions 98 and 99.

The following information was available from the inventory records of Rich Company for January: Units Unit CostTotal CostBalance at January 13,000$9.77$29,310Purchases:January 62,00010.3020,600January 262,70010.7128,917

Sales:January 7(2,500)January 31(4,300)Balance at January 31 900

98.Assuming that Rich does not maintain perpetual inventory records, what should be the inventory at January 31, using the weighted-average inventory method, rounded to the nearest dollar?a.$9,454.b.$9,213.c.$9,234.d.$9,324.

99.Assuming that Rich maintains perpetual inventory records, what should be the inventory at January 31, using the moving-average inventory method, rounded to the nearest dollar?a.$9,454.b.$9,213.c.$9,234.d.$9,324.

Use the following information for questions 100 and 101.

Niles Co. has the following data related to an item of inventory:Inventory, March 1100 units @ $2.10Purchase, March 7350 units @ $2.20Purchase, March 16 70 units @ $2.25Inventory, March 31130 units

100.The value assigned to ending inventory if Niles uses LIFO isa.$290.b.$276.c.$273.d.$292.

101.The value assigned to cost of goods sold if Niles uses FIFO isa.$290.b.$276.c.$862.d.$848.

102.Emley Company has been using the LIFO method of inventory valuation for 10 years, since it began operations. Its 2012 ending inventory was $60,000, but it would have been $90,000 if FIFO had been used. Thus, if FIFO had been used, Emley's income before income taxes would have beena.$30,000 greater over the 10-year period.b.$30,000 less over the 10-year period.c.$30,000 greater in 2012.d.$30,000 less in 2012.

Use the following information for questions 103 through 106.Transactions for the month of June were:PurchasesSalesJune 1(balance) 1,200 @ $3.20June 2900 @ $5.5033,300 @ 3.1062,400 @ 5.5071,800 @ 3.3091,500 @ 5.50152,700 @ 3.4010600 @ 6.0022750 @ 3.50182,100 @ 6.0025300 @ 6.00

103.Assuming that perpetual inventory records are kept in units only, the ending inventory on a LIFO basis isa.$6,165.b.$6,240.c.$6,435.d.$6,705.

104.Assuming that perpetual inventory records are kept in dollars, the ending inventory on a LIFO basis isa.$6,165.b.$6,240.c.$6,435.d.$6,705.105.Assuming that perpetual inventory records are kept in dollars, the ending inventory on a FIFO basis isa.$6,165.b.$6,240.c.$6,435.d.$6,705.

106.Assuming that perpetual inventory records are kept in units only, the ending inventory on an average-cost basis, rounded to the nearest dollar, isa.$6,144.b.$6,357.c.$6,435.d.$6,483.

107.Milford Company had 500 units of Tank in its inventory at a cost of $4 each. It purchased, for $2,800, 300 more units of Tank. Milford then sold 400 units at a selling price of $10 each, resulting in a gross profit of $1,600. The cost flow assumption used by Johnsona.is FIFO.b.is LIFO.c.is weighted average.d.cannot be determined from the information given.

108.Nichols Company had 500 units of Dink in its inventory at a cost of $5 each. It purchased, for $2,400, 300 more units of Dink. Nichols then sold 600 units at a selling price of $10 each, resulting in a gross profit of $2,100. The cost flow assumption used by Nichols.a.is FIFO.b.is LIFO.c.is weighted average.d.cannot be determined from the information given.

109.June Corp. sells one product and uses a perpetual inventory system. The beginning inventory consisted of 20 units that cost $20 per unit. During the current month, the company purchased 120 units at $20 each. Sales during the month totaled 90 units for $43 each. What is the number of units in the ending inventory?a.20 units.b.30 units.c.50 units.d.140 units.

110.June Corp. sells one product and uses a perpetual inventory system. The beginning inventory consisted of 20 units that cost $20 per unit. During the current month, the company purchased 120 units at $20 each. Sales during the month totaled 90 units for $43 each. What is the cost of goods sold using the LIFO method?a.$400.b.$1,800.c.$2,400.d.$3,870.

111.Checkers uses the periodic inventory system. For the current month, the beginning inventory consisted of 2,400 units that cost $12 each. During the month, the company made two purchases: 1,000 units at $13 each and 4,000 units at $13.50 each. Checkers also sold 4,300 units during the month. Using the average cost method, what is the amount of cost of goods sold for the month?a.$55,685.b.$57,900.c.$53,950.d.$55,900.

112.Chess Top uses the periodic inventory system. For the current month, the beginning inventory consisted of 300 units that cost $65 each. During the month, the company made two purchases: 450 units at $68 each and 225 units at $70 each. Chess Top also sold 750 units during the month. Using the average cost method, what is the amount of ending inventory?a.$15,750.b.$50,655.c.$50,100.d.$15,197.

113.Checkers uses the periodic inventory system. For the current month, the beginning inventory consisted of 2,400 units that cost $12 each. During the month, the company made two purchases: 1,000 units at $13 each and 4,000 units at $13.50 each. Checkers also sold 4,300 units during the month. Using the FIFO method, what is the ending inventory?a.$40,146.b.$37,200.c.$41,850.d.$37,900.

114.Chess Top uses the periodic inventory system. For the current month, the beginning inventory consisted of 300 units that cost $65 each. During the month, the company made two purchases: 450 units at $68 each and 225 units at $70 each. Chess Top also sold 750 units during the month. Using the FIFO method, what is the amount of cost of goods sold for the month?a.$50,655.b.$48,750.c.$51,225.d.$50,100.

115.Checkers uses the periodic inventory system. For the current month, the beginning inventory consisted of 2,400 units that cost $12 each. During the month, the company made two purchases: 1,000 units at $13 each and 4,000 units at $13.50 each. Checkers also sold 4,300 units during the month. Using the LIFO method, what is the ending inventory?a.$40,146.b.$37,200.c.$41,850.d.$37,900.

116.Chess Top uses the periodic inventory system. For the current month, the beginning inventory consisted of 300 units that cost $65 each. During the month, the company made two purchases: 450 units at $68 each and 225 units at $70 each. Chess Top also sold 750 units during the month. Using the LIFO method, what is the amount of cost of goods sold for the month?a.$50,655.b.$48,750.c.$51,225.d.$50,100.

117.Black Corporation uses the FIFO method for internal reporting purposes and LIFO for external reporting purposes. The balance in the LIFO Reserve account at the end of 2012 was $100,000. The balance in the same account at the end of 2013 is $150,000. Blacks Cost of Goods Sold account has a balance of $750,000 from sales transactions recorded during the year. What amount should Black report as Cost of Goods Sold in the 2013 income statement?a.$700,000.b.$750,000.c.$800,000.d.$900,000.

118.White Corporation uses the FIFO method for internal reporting purposes and LIFO for external reporting purposes. The balance in the LIFO Reserve account at the end of 2012 was $120,000. The balance in the same account at the end of 2013 is $180,000. Whites Cost of Goods Sold account has a balance of $900,000 from sales transactions recorded during the year. What amount should White report as Cost of Goods Sold in the 2013 income statement?a.$840,000.b.$900,000.c.$960,000.d.$1,080,000.

119.Milford Company had 400 units of Tank in its inventory at a cost of $8 each. It purchased 600 more units of Tank at a cost of $12 each. Milford then sold 700 units at a selling price of $20 each. The LIFO liquidation overstated normal gross profit bya.$ -0-b.$400.c.$800.d.$1,200.

120.Nichols Company had 400 units of Dink in its inventory at a cost of $10 each. It purchased 600 more units of Dink at a cost of $15 each. Nichols then sold 700 units at a selling price of $25 each. The LIFO liquidation overstated normal gross profit bya.$ -0-b.$500.c.$1,000.d.$1,500.

Use the following information for 121 and 122

RF Company had January 1 inventory of $150,000 when it adopted dollar-value LIFO. During the year, purchases were $900,000 and sales were $1,500,000. December 31 inventory at year-end prices was $215,040, and the price index was 112.

121.What is RF Companys ending inventory?a.$150,000.b.$192,000.c.$197,040.d.$215,040.

122.What is RF Companys gross profit?a.$642,000.b.$647,040.c.$665,190.d.$1,302,960.

Use the following information for 123 and 124

Hay Company had January 1 inventory of $120,000 when it adopted dollar-value LIFO. During the year, purchases were $720,000 and sales were $1,200,000. December 31 inventory at year-end prices was $151,800, and the price index was 110.

123.What is Hay Companys ending inventory?a.$132,000.b.$138,000.c.$139,800.d.$151,800.

124.What is Hay Companys gross profit?a.$498,000.b.$499,800.c.$511,800.d.$1,060,200.

Use the following information for questions 125 through 127.Gross Corporation adopted the dollar-value LIFO method of inventory valuation on December 31, 2011. Its inventory at that date was $440,000 and the relevant price index was 100. Information regarding inventory for subsequent years is as follows: Inventory at CurrentDateCurrent PricesPrice IndexDecember 31, 2012$513,600107December 31, 2013580,000125December 31, 2014650,000130

125.What is the cost of the ending inventory at December 31, 2012 under dollar-value LIFO?a.$480,000.b.$513,600.c.$482,800.d.$470,800.126.What is the cost of the ending inventory at December 31, 2013 under dollar-value LIFO?a.$464,000.b.$462,800.c.$465,680.d.$480,000.

127.What is the cost of the ending inventory at December 31, 2014 under dollar-value LIFO?a.$512,480.b.$509,600.c.$500,000.d.$526,800.

128.Wise Company adopted the dollar-value LIFO method on January 1, 2012, at which time its inventory consisted of 6,000 units of Item A @ $5.00 each and 3,000 units of Item B @ $16.00 each. The inventory at December 31, 2012 consisted of 12,000 units of Item A and 7,000 units of Item B. The most recent actual purchases related to these items were as follows:QuantityItemsPurchase DatePurchasedCost Per UnitA12/7/122,000$ 6.00A12/11/1210,0005.75B12/15/127,00017.00Using the double-extension method, what is the price index for 2012 that should be computed by Wise Company?a.108.33%b.109.59%c.111.05%d.220.51%

129.Web World began using dollar-value LIFO for costing its inventory last year. The base year layer consists of $350,000. Assuming the current inventory at end of year prices equals $483,000 and the index for the current year is 1.10, what is the ending inventory using dollar-value LIFO?a.$483,000.b.$448,000.c.$439,091.d.$531,300.

130.Willy World began using dollar-value LIFO for costing its inventory two years ago. The ending inventory for the past two years in end-of-year dollars was $120,000 and $180,000 and the year-end price indices were 1.0 and 1.2, respectively. Assuming the current inventory at end of year prices equals $258,000 and the index for the current year is 1.25, what is the ending inventory using dollar-value LIFO?a.$213,000.b.$223,680.c.$228,000.d.$226,500.

131.Opera Corp. uses the dollar-value LIFO method of computing its inventory cost. Data for the past four years is as follows:

Year endedInventory atPriceDecember 31.End-of-year PricesIndex 2011 $130,0001.002012252,0001.052013270,0001.10What is the 2011 inventory balance using dollar-value LIFO?a.$130,000.b.$123,808.c.$245,454.d.$270,000.

132.Opera Corp. uses dollar-value LIFO method of computing its inventory cost. Data for the past four years is as follows:

Year endedInventory atPriceDecember 31.End-of-year PricesIndex2011 $ 130,0001.002012252,0001.052013270,0001.10What is the 2012 inventory balance using dollar-value LIFO?a.$252,000.b.$257,000.c.$245,500.d.$251,500.

133.Opera Corp. uses dollar-value LIFO method of computing its inventory cost. Data for the past four years is as follows:

Year endedInventory atPriceDecember 31.End-of-year PricesIndex2011$ 130,0001.002012252,0001.052013270,0001.10What is the 2013 inventory balance using dollar-value LIFO?a.$270,000.b.$257,000.c.$245,500.d.$251,500.

Multiple Choice AnswersComputational

Multiple ChoiceCPA Adapted

134.How should the following costs affect a retailer's inventory valuation?Freight-inInterest on Inventory Loana.IncreaseNo effectb.IncreaseIncreasec.No effectIncreased.No effectNo effect

135.The following information applied to Howe, Inc. for 2012:Merchandise purchased for resale$350,000Freight-in8,000Freight-out5,000Purchase returns2,000Howe's 2012 inventoriable cost wasa.$350,000.b.$353,000.c.$356,000.d.$361,000.

136.The following information was derived from the 2012 accounting records of Perez Co.:Perez 's GoodsPerez 's Central WarehouseHeld by ConsigneesBeginning inventory$130,000$ 14,000Purchases475,00070,000Freight-in10,000Transportation to consignees5,000Freight-out30,0008,000Ending inventory145,00020,000

Perez's 2012 cost of sales wasa.$470,000.b.$500,000.c.$534,000.d.$539,000.

137.Dole Corp.'s accounts payable at December 31, 2012, totaled $650,000 before any necessary year-end adjustments relating to the following transactions: On December 27, 2012, Dole wrote and recorded checks to creditors totaling $350,000 causing an overdraft of $100,000 in Dole's bank account at December 31, 2012. The checks were mailed out on January 10, 2013. On December 28, 2012, Dole purchased and received goods for $150,000, terms 2/10, n/30. Dole records purchases and accounts payable at net amounts. The invoice was recorded and paid January 3, 2013. Goods shipped f.o.b. destination on December 20, 2012 from a vendor to Dole were received January 2, 2013. The invoice cost was $65,000.At December 31, 2012, what amount should Dole report as total accounts payable?a.$1,212,000.b.$1,147,000.c.$900,000.d.$800,000.

138.The balance in Moon Co.'s accounts payable account at December 31, 2012 was $900,000 before any necessary year-end adjustments relating to the following: Goods were in transit to Moon from a vendor on December 31, 2012. The invoice cost was $40,000. The goods were shipped f.o.b. shipping point on December 29, 2012 and were received on January 4, 2013. Goods shipped f.o.b. destination on December 21, 2012 from a vendor to Moon were received on January 6, 2013. The invoice cost was $25,000. On December 27, 2012, Moon wrote and recorded checks to creditors totaling $30,000 that were mailed on January 10, 2013.In Moon's December 31, 2012 balance sheet, the accounts payable should bea.$930,000.b.$940,000.c.$965,000.d.$970,000.

139.Kerr Co.'s accounts payable balance at December 31, 2012 was $1,300,000 before considering the following transactions: Goods were in transit from a vendor to Kerr on December 31, 2012. The invoice price was $70,000, and the goods were shipped f.o.b. shipping point on December 29, 2012. The goods were received on January 4, 2013. Goods shipped to Kerr, f.o.b. shipping point on December 20, 2012, from a vendor were lost in transit. The invoice price was $50,000. On January 5, 2013, Kerr filed a $50,000 claim against the common carrier.

In its December 31, 2012 balance sheet, Kerr should report accounts payable ofa.$1,420,000.b.$1,370,000.c.$1,350,000.d.$1,300,000.

140.Walsh Retailers purchased merchandise with a list price of $75,000, subject to trade discounts of 20% and 10%, with no cash discounts allowable. Walsh should record the cost of this merchandise asa.$52,500.b.$54,000.c.$58,500.d.$75,000.

141.On June 1, 2012, Penny Corp. sold merchandise with a list price of $40,000 to Linn on account. Penny allowed trade discounts of 30% and 20%. Credit terms were 2/15, n/40 and the sale was made f.o.b. shipping point. Penny prepaid $800 of delivery costs for Ison as an accommodation. On June 12, 2012, Penny received from Linn a remittance in full payment amounting toa.$21,952.b.$22,736.c.$22,752.d.$22,392.

142.Groh Co. recorded the following data pertaining to raw material X during January 2012: UnitsDateReceived CostIssuedOn Hand1/1/12Inventory$4.003,2001/11/12Issue1,6001,6001/22/12Purchase4,000$4.705,600The moving-average unit cost of X inventory at January 31, 2012 isa.$4.35.b.$4.42.c.$4.50.d.$4.70.

143.During periods of rising prices, a perpetual inventory system would result in the same dollar amount of ending inventory as a periodic inventory system under which of the following inventory cost flow methods?FIFOLIFOa.YesNob.YesYesc.NoYesd.NoNo

144.Hite Co. was formed on January 2, 2012, to sell a single product. Over a two-year period, Hite's acquisition costs have increased steadily. Physical quantities held in inventory were equal to three months' sales at December 31, 2012, and zero at December 31, 2013. Assuming the periodic inventory system, the inventory cost method which reports the highest amount of each of the following isInventoryCost of SalesDecember 31, 20122013a.LIFOFIFOb.LIFOLIFOc.FIFOFIFOd.FIFOLIFO

145.Keck Co. had 450 units of product A on hand at January 1, 2012, costing $21 each. Purchases of product A during January were as follows: DateUnitsUnit CostJan. 10600$2218750232830024A physical count on January 31, 2012 shows 600 units of product A on hand. The cost of the inventory at January 31, 2012 under the LIFO method isa.$14,100.b.$13,350.c.$12,750.d.$12,300.

146.When the double extension approach to the dollar-value LIFO inventory cost flow method is used, the inventory layer added in the current year is multiplied by an index number. How would the following be used in the calculation of this index number?Ending inventoryEnding inventoryat current year costat base year costa.NumeratorDenominatorb.NumeratorNot usedc.DenominatorNumeratord.Not usedDenominator

147.Farr Co. adopted the dollar-value LIFO inventory method on December 31, 2012. Farr's entire inventory constitutes a single pool. On December 31, 2012, the inventory was $480,000 under the dollar-value LIFO method. Inventory data for 2013 are as follows:12/31/13 inventory at year-end prices$660,000Relevant price index at year end (base year 2012)110Using dollar value LIFO, Farr's inventory at December 31, 2013 isa.$528,000.b.$612,000.c.$600,000.d.$660,000.

Multiple Choice AnswersCPA Adapted

CHAPTER 9

INVENTORIES: ADDITIONAL VALUATION ISSUES

IFRS questions are available at the end of this chapter.

TRUE-FALSEConceptual

1.A company should abandon the historical cost principle when the future utility of the inventory item falls below its original cost.

2.The lower-of-cost-or-market method is used for inventory despite being less conservative than valuing inventory at market value.

3.The purpose of the floor in lower-of-cost-or-market considerations is to avoid overstating inventory.

4.Application of the lower-of-cost-or-market rule results in inconsistency because a company may value inventory at cost in one year and at market in the next year.

5.GAAP requires reporting inventory at net realizable value, even if above cost, whenever there is a controlled market with a quoted price applicable to all quantities.

6.A reason for valuing inventory at net realizable value is that sometimes it is too difficult to obtain the cost figures.

7.In a basket purchase, the cost of the individual assets acquired is determined on the basis of their relative sales value.

8.A basket purchase occurs when a company agrees to buy inventory weeks or months in advance.

9.Most purchase commitments must be recorded as a liability.

10.If the contract price on a noncancelable purchase commitment exceeds the market price, the buyer should record any expected losses on the commitment in the period in which the market decline takes place.

11.When a buyer enters into a formal, noncancelable purchase contract, an asset and a liability are recorded at the inception of the contract.

12.The gross profit method can be used to approximate the dollar amount of inventory on hand.

13.In most situations, the gross profit percentage is stated as a percentage of cost.

14.A disadvantage of the gross profit method is that it uses past percentages in determining the markup.

15.When the conventional retail method includes both net markups and net markdowns in the cost-to-retail ratio, it approximates a lower-of-cost-or-market valuation.

16.In the retail inventory method, the term markup means a markup on the original cost of an inventory item.

17.In the retail inventory method, abnormal shortages are deducted from both the cost and retail amounts and reported as a loss.18.The inventory turnover ratio is computed by dividing the cost of goods sold by the ending inventory on hand.

19.The average days to sell inventory represents the average number of days sales for which a company has inventory on hand.

*20.The LIFO retail method assumes that markups and markdowns apply only to the goods purchased during the period.

True False AnswersConceptual

MULTIPLE CHOICEConceptual

21.Which of the following is true about lower-of-cost-or-market?a.It is inconsistent because losses are recognized but not gains.b.It usually understates assets.c.It can increase future income.d.All of these.

22.The primary basis of accounting for inventories is cost. A departure from the cost basis of pricing the inventory is required where there is evidence that when the goods are sold in the ordinary course of business theira.selling price will be less than their replacement cost.b.replacement cost will be more than their net realizable value.c.cost will be less than their replacement cost.d.future utility will be less than their cost.

23.When valuing raw materials inventory at lower-of-cost-or-market, what is the meaning of the term "market"?a.Net realizable valueb.Net realizable value less a normal profit marginc.Current replacement costd.Discounted present value

24.In no case can "market" in the lower-of-cost-or-market rule be more thana.estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business.b.estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less reasonably predictable costs of completion and disposal.c.estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less reasonably predictable costs of completion and disposal and an allowance for an approximately normal profit margin.d.estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less reasonably predictable costs of completion and disposal, an allowance for an approximately normal profit margin, and an adequate reserve for possible future losses.25.Designated market valuea.is always the middle value of replacement cost, net realizable value, and net realizable value less a normal profit margin.b.should always be equal to net realizable value.c.may sometimes exceed net realizable value.d.should always be equal to net realizable value less a normal profit margin.

26.Lower-of-cost-or-marketa.is most conservative if applied to the total inventory.b.is most conservative if applied to major categories of inventory.c.is most conservative if applied to individual items of inventory.d.must be applied to major categories for taxes.

27.An item of inventory purchased this period for $15.00 has been incorrectly written down to its current replacement cost of $10.00. It sells during the following period for $30.00, its normal selling price, with disposal costs of $3.00 and normal profit of $12.00. Which of the following statements is not true?a.The cost of sales of the following year will be understated.b.The current year's income is understated.c.The closing inventory of the current year is understated.d.Income of the following year will be understated.

S28. When the cost-of-goods-sold method is used to record inventory at marketa.there is a direct reduction in the selling price of the product that results in a loss being recorded on the income statement prior to the sale.b.a loss is recorded directly in the inventory account by crediting inventory and debiting loss on inventory decline.c.only the portion of the loss attributable to inventory sold during the period is recorded in the financial statements.d.the market value figure for ending inventory is substituted for cost and the loss is buried in cost of goods sold.

29.Lower-of-cost-or-market as it applies to inventory is best described as thea.drop of future utility below its original cost.b.method of determining cost of goods sold.c.assumption to determine inventory flow.d.change in inventory value to market value.

30.The floor to be used in applying the lower-of-cost-or-market method to inventory is determined as thea.net realizable value.b.net realizable value less normal profit margin.c.replacement cost.d.selling price less costs of completion and disposal.

31.What is the rationale behind the ceiling when applying the lower-of-cost-or-market method to inventory?a.Prevents understatement of the inventory value.b.Allows for a normal profit to be earned.c.Allows for items to be valued at replacement cost.d.Prevents overstatement of the value of obsolete or damaged inventories.

32.Why are inventories stated at lower-of-cost-or-market?a.To report a loss when there is a decrease in the future utility.b.To be conservative.c.To report a loss when there is a decrease in the future utility below the original cost.d.To permit future profits to be recognized.

33.Which of the following is not an acceptable approach in applying the lower-of-cost-or-market method to inventory?a.Inventory location.b.Categories of inventory items.c.Individual item.d.Total of the inventory.

34.Which method(s) may be used to record a loss due to a price decline in the value of inventory?a.Cost-of-goods-sold.b.Sales method.c.Loss methodd.Both a and c.

35.Why might inventory be reported at sales prices (net realizable value or market price) rather than cost?a.When there is a controlled market with a quoted price applicable to all quantities and when there are no significant costs of disposal.b.When there are no significant costs of disposal.c.When a non-cancellable contract exists to sell the inventory.d.When there is a controlled market with a quoted price applicable to all quantities.

S36.Recording inventory at net realizable value is permitted, even if it is above cost, when there are no significant costs of disposal involved anda.the ending inventory is determined by a physical inventory count.b.a normal profit is not anticipated.c.there is a controlled market with a quoted price applicable to all quantities.d.the internal revenue service is assured that the practice is not used only to distort reported net income.

37.When inventory declines in value below original (historical) cost, and this decline is considered other than temporary, what is the maximum amount that the inventory can be valued at?a.Sales priceb.Net realizable valuec.Historical costd.Net realizable value reduced by a normal profit margin

38.Net realizable value isa.acquisition cost plus costs to complete and sell.b.selling price.c.selling price plus costs to complete and sell.d.selling price less costs to complete and sell.

39.If a unit of inventory has declined in value below original cost, but the market value exceeds net realizable value, the amount to be used for purposes of inventory valuation isa.net realizable value.b.original cost.c.market value.d.net realizable value less a normal profit margin.

40.Inventory may be recorded at net realizable value ifa.there is a controlled market with a quoted price.b.there are no significant costs of disposal.c.the inventory consists of precious metals or agricultural products.d.all of these.

41.If a material amount of inventory has been ordered through a formal purchase contract at the balance sheet date for future delivery at firm prices,a.this fact must be disclosed.b.disclosure is required only if prices have declined since the date of the order.c.disclosure is required only if prices have since risen substantially.d.an appropriation of retained earnings is necessary.

42.The credit balance that arises when a net loss on a purchase commitment is recognized should bea.presented as a current liability.b.subtracted from ending inventory.c.presented as an appropriation of retained earnings.d.presented in the income statement.

P43.In 2012, Orear Manufacturing signed a contract with a supplier to purchase raw materials in 2013 for $700,000. Before the December 31, 2012 balance sheet date, the market price for these materials dropped to $510,000. The journal entry to record this situation at December 31, 2012 will result in a credit that should be reporteda.as a valuation account to Inventory on the balance sheet.b.as a current liability.c.as an appropriation of retained earnings.d.on the income statement.

44.At the end of the fiscal year, Apha Airlines has an outstanding non-cancellable purchase commitment for the purchase of 1 million gallons of jet fuel at a price of $4.10 per gallon for delivery during the coming summer. The company prices its inventory at the lower of cost or market. If the market price for jet fuel at the end of the year is $4.50, how would this situation be reflected in the annual financial statements?a.Record unrealized gains of $400,000 and disclose the existence of the purchase commitment.b.No impact.c.Record unrealized losses of $400,000 and disclose the existence of the purchase commitment.d.Disclose the existence of the purchase commitment.

45.At the end of the fiscal year, Apha Airlines has an outstanding purchase commitment for the purchase of 1 million gallons of jet fuel at a price of $4.60 per gallon for delivery during the coming summer. The company prices its inventory at the lower of cost or market. If the market price for jet fuel at the end of the year is $4.25, how would this situation be reflected in the annual financial statements?a.Record unrealized gains of $350,000 and disclose the existence of the purchase commitment.b.No impact.c.Record unrealized losses of $350,000 and disclose the existence of the purchase commitment.d.Disclose the existence of the purchase commitment.

46.How is the gross profit method used as it relates to inventory valuation?a.Verify the accuracy of the perpetual inventory records.b.Verity the accuracy of the physical inventory.c.To estimate cost of goods sold.d.To provide an inventory value of LIFO inventories.

S47.Which of the following is not a basic assumption of the gross profit method?a.The beginning inventory plus the purchases equal total goods to be accounted for.b.Goods not sold must be on hand.c.If the sales, reduced to the cost basis, are deducted from the sum of the opening inventory plus purchases, the result is the amount of inventory on hand.d.The total amount of purchases and the total amount of sales remain relatively unchanged from the comparable previous period.

48.The gross profit method of inventory valuation is invalid whena.a portion of the inventory is destroyed.b.there is a substantial increase in inventory during the year.c.there is no beginning inventory because it is the first year of operation.d.none of these.

49.Which statement is not true about the gross profit method of inventory valuation?a.It may be used to estimate inventories for interim statements.b.It may be used to estimate inventories for annual statements.c.It may be used by auditors.d.None of these.

50.A major advantage of the retail inventory method is that ita.provides reliable results in cases where the distribution of items in the inventory is different from that of items sold during the period.b.hides costs from competitors and customers.c.gives a more accurate statement of inventory costs than other methods.d.provides a method for inventory control and facilitates determination of the periodic inventory for certain types of companies.

51.An inventory method which is designed to approximate inventory valuation at the lower of cost or market isa.last-in, first-out.b.first-in, first-out.c.conventional retail method.d.specific identification.

52.The retail inventory method is based on the assumption that thea.final inventory and the total of goods available for sale contain the same proportion of high-cost and low-cost ratio goods.b.ratio of gross margin to sales is approximately the same each period.c.ratio of cost to retail changes at a constant rate.d.proportions of markups and markdowns to selling price are the same.

53.Which statement is true about the retail inventory method?a.It may not be used to estimate inventories for interim statements.b.It may not be used to estimate inventories for annual statements.c.It may not be used by auditors.d.None of these.

54.When the conventional retail inventory method is used, markdowns are commonly ignored in the computation of the cost to retail ratio becausea.there may be no markdowns in a given year.b.this tends to give a better approximation of the lower of cost or market.c.markups are also ignored.d.this tends to result in the showing of a normal profit margin in a period when no markdown goods have been sold.

55.To produce an inventory valuation which approximates the lower of cost or market using the conventional retail inventory method, the computation of the ratio of cost to retail shoulda.include markups but not markdowns.b.include markups and markdowns.c.ignore both markups and markdowns.d.include markdowns but not markups.

*56.When calculating the cost ratio for the retail inventory method,a.if it is the conventional method, the beginning inventory is included and markdowns are deducted.b.if it is the LIFO method, the beginning inventory is excluded and markdowns are deducted.c.if it is the LIFO method, the beginning inventory is included and markdowns are not deducted.d.if it is the conventional method, the beginning inventory is excluded and markdowns are not deducted.

S57.Which of the following is not required when using the retail inventory method?a.All inventory items must be categorized according to the retail markup percentage which reflects the item's selling price.b.A record of the total cost and retail value of goods purchased.c.A record of the total cost and retail value of the goods available for sale.d.Total sales for the period.

S58.Which of the following is not a reason the retail inventory method is used widely?a.As a control measure in determining inventory shortagesb.For insurance informationc.To permit the computation of net income without a physical count of inventoryd.To defer income tax liability

59.What condition is not necessary in order to use the retail method to provide inventory results?a.Retailer keeps a record of the total costs of products sold for the period.b.Retailer keeps a record of the total costs and retail value of goods purchased.c.Retailer keeps a record of the total costs and retail value of goods available for sale.d.Retailer keeps a record of sales for the period.

60.What method yields results that are essentially the same as those of the conventional retail method?a.FIFO.b.Lower-of-average-cost-or-market.c.Average cost.d.LIFO.

61.What is the effect of net markups on the cost-retail ratio when using the conventional retail method?a.Increases the cost-retail ratio.b.No effect on the cost-retail ratio.c.Depends on the amount of the net markdowns.d.Decreases the cost-retail ratio.

62.What is the effect of freight-in on the cost-retail ratio when using the conventional retail method?a.Increases the cost-retail ratio.b.No effect on the cost-retail ratio.c.Depends on the amount of the net markups.d.Decreases the cost-retail ratio.

63.Which of the following is not a common disclosure for inventories?a.Inventory composition.b.Inventory location.c.Inventory financing arrangements.d.Inventory costing methods employed.

P64.Which of the following statements is false regarding an assumption of inventory cost flow?a.The cost flow assumption need not correspond to the actual physical flow of goods.b.The assumption selected may be changed each accounting period.c.The FIFO assumption uses the earliest acquired prices to cost the items sold during a period.d.The LIFO assumption uses the earliest acquired prices to cost the items on hand at the end of an accounting period.

P65.The average days to sell inventory is computed by dividinga.365 days by the inventory turnover ratio.b.the inventory turnover ratio by 365 days.c.net sales by the inventory turnover ratio.d.365 days by cost of goods sold.

66.The inventory turnover ratio is computed by dividing the cost of goods sold bya.beginning inventory.b.ending inventory.c.average inventory.d.number of days in the year.

*67.When using dollar-value LIFO, if the incremental layer was added last year, it should be multiplied bya.last year's cost ratio and this year's index.b.this year's cost ratio and this year's index.c.last year's cost ratio and last year's index.d.this year's cost ratio and last year's index.

Multiple Choice AnswersConceptualSolutions to those Multiple Choice questions for which the answer is none of these.48.The gross profit percentage applicable to the goods in ending inventory is different from the percentage applicable to the goods sold during the period.53.Many answers are possible.

Multiple ChoiceComputational

68.Oslo Corporation has two products in its ending inventory, each accounted for at the lower of cost or market. A profit margin of 30% on selling price is considered normal for each product. Specific data with respect to each product follows:Product #1Product #2Historical cost$20.00$ 35.00Replacement cost22.5027.00Estimated cost to dispose5.0013.00Estimated selling price40.0065.00In pricing its ending inventory using the lower-of-cost-or-market, what unit values should Oslo use for products #1 and #2, respectively?a.$20.00 and $32.50.b.$23.00 and $32.50.c.$23.00 and $30.00.d.$22.50 and $27.00.

69.Muckenthaler Company sells product 2005WSC for $30 per unit. The cost of one unit of 2005WSC is $27, and the replacement cost is $26. The estimated cost to dispose of a unit is $6, and the normal profit is 40%. At what amount per unit should product 2005WSC be reported, applying lower-of-cost-or-market?a.$12.b.$24.c.$26.d.$27.

70.Lexington Company sells product 1976NLC for $50 per unit. The cost of one unit of 1976NLC is $45, and the replacement cost is $43. The estimated cost to dispose of a unit is $10, and the normal profit is 40%. At what amount per unit should product 1976NLC be reported, applying lower-of-cost-or-market?a.$20.b.$40.c.$43.d.$45.

71.Given the acquisition cost of product Z is $64, the net realizable value for product Z is $58, the normal profit for product Z is $5, and the market value (replacement cost) for product Z is $60, what is the proper per unit inventory price for product Z?a.$64.b.$60.c.$53.d.$58.

72.Given the acquisition cost of product ALPHA is $17, the net realizable value for product ALPHA is $16.70, the normal profit for product ALPHA is $1.24, and the market value (replacement cost) for product ALPHA is $14.72, what is the proper per unit inventory price for product ALPHA?a.$17.00.b.$15.46c.$14.72.d.$16.70.

73.Given the acquisition cost of product Dominoe is $43.31, the net realizable value for product Dominoe is $38.49, the normal profit for product Dominoe is $4.32, and the market value (replacement cost) for product Dominoe is $40.68, what is the proper per unit inventory price for product Dominoe?a.$40.68.b.$34.18.c.$38.49.d.$43.31

74.Given the historical cost of product Z is $80, the selling price of product Z is $95, costs to sell product Z are $11, the replacement cost for product Z is $83, and the normal profit margin is 40% of sales price, what is the market value that should be used in the lower-of-cost-or-market comparison?a.$80.b.$84.c.$83.d.$46.75.Given the historical cost of product Z is $80, the selling price of product Z is $95, costs to sell product Z are $11, the replacement cost for product Z is $83, and the normal profit margin is 40% of sales price, what is the amount that should be used to value the inventory under the lower-of-cost-or-market method?a.$46.b.$80.c.$84.d.$83.

76.Given the historical cost of product Dominoe is $43, the selling price of product Dominoe is $60, costs to sell product Dominoe are $11, the replacement cost for product Dominoe is $40, and the normal profit margin is 20% of sales price, what is the cost amount that should be used in the lower-of-cost-or-market comparison?a.$49.b.$40.c.$37.d.$43.

77.Given the historical cost of product Dominoe is $43, the selling price of product Dominoe is $60, costs to sell product Dominoe are $11, the replacement cost for product Dominoe is $40, and the normal profit margin is 20% of sales price, what is the amount that should be used to value the inventory under the lower-of-cost-or-market method?a.$43.b.$37.c.$40.d.$49.

78.Robust Inc. has the following information related to an item in its ending inventory. Product 66 has a cost of $3,250, a replacement cost of $3,100, a net realizable value of $3,200, and a normal profit margin of $200. What is the final lower-of-cost-or-market inventory value for product 66?a.$3,200.b.$3,100.c.$3,250.d.$3,100.

79.Robust Inc. has the following information related to an item in its ending inventory. Packit (Product # 874) has a cost of $524, a replacement cost of $402, a net realizable value of $468, and a normal profit margin of $21. What is the final lower-of-cost-or-market inventory value for Packit?a.$447.b.$524.c.$402.d.$468.

80.Robust Inc. has the following information related to an item in its ending inventory. Acer Top has a cost of $251, a replacement cost of $234, a net realizable value of $266, and a normal profit margin of $34. What is the final lower-of-cost-or-market inventory value for Acer Top?a.$232.b.$251.c.$234.d.$266.

81.Mortenson Corporation sells its product, a rare metal, in a controlled market with a quoted price applicable to all quantities. The total cost of 5,000 pounds of the metal now held in inventory is $150,000. The total selling price is $360,000, and estimated costs of disposal are $10,000. At what amount should the inventory of 5,000 pounds be reported in the balance sheet?a.$140,000.b.$150,000.c.$350,000.d.$360,000.

82.Rodriguez Corporation sells its product, a rare metal, in a controlled market with a quoted price applicable to all quantities. The total cost of 5,000 pounds of the metal now held in inventory is $210,000. The total selling price is $490,000, and estimated costs of disposal are $5,000. At what amount should the inventory of 5,000 pounds be reported in the balance sheet?a.$205,000.b.$210,000.c.$485,000.d.$490,000.

83.Turner Corporation acquired two inventory items at a lump-sum cost of $80,000. The acquisition included 3,000 units of product LF, and 7,000 units of product 1B. LF normally sells for $24 per unit, and 1B for $8 per unit. If Turner sells 1,000 units of LF, what amount of gross profit should it recognize?a.$3,000b.$9,000.c.$16,000.d.$19,000.

84.Robertson Corporation acquired two inventory items at a lump-sum cost of $60,000. The acquisition included 3,000 units of product CF, and 7,000 units of product 3B. CF normally sells for $18 per unit, and 3B for $6 per unit. If Robertson sells 1,000 units of CF, what amount of gross profit should it recognize?a.$2,250.b.$6,750.c.$12,000.d.$14,250.

85.At a lump-sum cost of $72,000, Pratt Company recently purchased the following items for resale:ItemNo. of Items PurchasedResale Price Per UnitM4,000$3.75N2,00012.00O6,0006.00The appropriate cost per unit of inventory is:MNOa.$3.75$12.00$6.00b.$3.11$19.86$3.32c.$3.60$11.52$5.76d.$6.00$6.00$6.00

86.Confectioners, a chain of candy stores, purchases its candy in bulk from its suppliers. For a recent shipment, the company paid $1,800 and received 8,500 pieces of candy that are allocated among three groups. Group 1 consists of 2,500 pieces that are expected to sell for $0.15 each. Group 2 consists of 5,500 pieces that are expected to sell for $0.36 each. Group 3 consists of 500 pieces that are expected to sell for $0.72 each. Using the relative sales value method, what is the cost per item in Group 1?a.$0.150.b.$0.100.c.$0.120.d.$0.225.

87.Confectioners, a chain of candy stores, purchases its candy in bulk from its suppliers. For a recent shipment, the company paid $1,800 and received 8,500 pieces of candy that are allocated among three groups. Group 1 consists of 2,500 pieces that are expected to sell for $0.15 each. Group 2 consists of 5,500 pieces that are expected to sell for $0.36 each. Group 3 consists of 500 pieces that are expected to sell for $0.72 each. Using the relative sales value method, what is the cost per item in Group 2?a.$0.225.b.$0.360.c.$0.210.d.$0.239.

88.Confectioners, a chain of candy stores, purchases its candy in bulk from its suppliers. For a recent shipment, the company paid $1,800 and received 8,500 pieces of candy that are allocated among three groups. Group 1 consists of 2,500 pieces that are expected to sell for $0.15 each. Group 2 consists of 5,500 pieces that are expected to sell for $0.36 each. Group 3 consists of 500 pieces that are expected to sell for $0.72 each. Using the relative sales value method, what is the cost per item in Group 3?a.$0.477.b.$0.225.c.$0.720.d.$0.540.

89.During the current fiscal year, Jeremiah Corp. signed a long-term noncancellable purchase commitment with its primary supplier. Jeremiah agreed to purchase $2.5 million of raw materials during the next fiscal year under this contract. At the end of the current fiscal year, the raw material to be purchased under this contract had a market value of $2.3 million. What is the journal entry at the end of the current fiscal year?a.Debit Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss for $200,000 and credit Estimated Liability on Purchase Commitment for $200,000.b.Debit Estimated liability on Purchase Commitments for $200,000 and credit Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss for $200,000.c.Debit Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss for $2,300,000 and credit Estimated Liability on Purchase Commitments for $2,300,000.d.No journal entry is required.

90.During the prior fiscal year, Jeremiah Corp. signed a long-term noncancellable purchase commitment with its primary supplier to purchase $2.5 million of raw materials. Jeremiah paid the $2.5 million to acquire the raw materials when the raw materials were only worth $2.3 million. Assume that the purchase commitment was properly recorded. What is the journal entry to record the purchase?a.Debit Inventory for $2,300,000, and credit Cash for $2,300,000.b.Debit Inventory for $2,300,000, debit Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss for $200,000, and credit Cash for $2,500,000.c.Debit Inventory for $2,300,000, debit Estimated Liability on Purchase Commitments for $200,000 and credit Cash for $2,500,000.d.Debit Inventory for $2,500,000, and credit Cash for $2,500,000.

91.During 2012, Larue Co., a manufacturer of chocolate candies, contracted to purchase 200,000 pounds of cocoa beans at $4.00 per pound, delivery to be made in the spring of 2013. Because a record harvest is predicted for 2013, the price per pound for cocoa beans had fallen to $3.30 by December 31, 2012.Of the following journal entries, the one which would properly reflect in 2012 the effect of the commitment of Larue Co. to purchase the 100,000 pounds of cocoa isa.Cocoa Inventory400,000Accounts Payable400,000b.Cocoa Inventory330,000Loss on Purchase Commitments70,000Accounts Payable400,000c.Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss-Income70,000Estimated Liability on Purchase Commitments70,000d.No entry would be necessary in 2012

92.RS Corporation, a manufacturer of ethnic foods, contracted in 2012 to purchase 500 pounds of a spice mixture at $5.00 per pound, delivery to be made in spring of 2013. By 12/31/12, the price per pound of the spice mixture had risen to $5.40 per pound. In 2012, AJ should recognizea.a loss of $2,500.b.a loss of $200.c.no gain or loss.d.a gain of $200.

93.LF Corporation, a manufacturer of Mexican foods, contracted in 2012 to purchase 1,000 pounds of a spice mixture at $5.00 per pound, delivery to be made in spring of 2013. By 12/31/12, the price per pound of the spice mixture had dropped to $4.70 per pound. In 2012, LF should recognizeaa loss of $5,000.b.a loss of $300.c.no gain or loss.d.a gain of $300.

94.The following information is available for October for Barton Company.Beginning inventory$150,000Net purchases450,000Net sales900,000Percentage markup on cost 66.67%A fire destroyed Bartons October 31 inventory, leaving undamaged inventory with a cost of $9,000. Using the gross profit method, the estimated ending inventory destroyed by fire isa.$51,000.b.$231,000.c.$240,000.d.$300,000.

95.The following information is available for October for Norton Company.Beginning inventory$200,000Net purchases600,000Net sales1,200,000Percentage markup on cost66.67%A fire destroyed Nortons October 31 inventory, leaving undamaged inventory with a cost of $12,000. Using the gross profit method, the estimated ending inventory destroyed by fire isa.$68,000.b.$308,000.c.$320,000.d.$400,000.

Use the following information for questions 96 and 97.Miles Company, a wholesaler, budgeted the following sales for the indicated months: June July AugustSales on account$2,700,000$2,760,000$2,850,000Cash sales 270,000 300,000 390,000Total sales$2,970,000$3,060,000$3,240,000

All merchandise is marked up to sell at its invoice cost plus 20%. Merchandise inventories at the beginning of each month are at 30% of that month's projected cost of goods sold.

96.The cost of goods sold for the month of June is anticipated to bea.$2,160,000.b.$2,250,000.c.$2,280,000.d.$2,475,000.

97.Merchandise purchases for July are anticipated to bea.$2,448,000.b.$3,114,000.c.$2,550,000.d.$2,595,000.

98.Reyes Company had a gross profit of $480,000, total purchases of $560,000, and an ending inventory of $320,000 in its first year of operations as a retailer. Reyess sales in its first year must have beena.$720,000.b.$880,000.c.$240,000.d.$800,000.

99.A markup of 30% on cost is equivalent to what markup on selling price?a.23%b.30%c.70%d.77%

100.Kesler, Inc. estimates the cost of its physical inventory at March 31 for use in an interim financial statement. The rate of markup on cost is 25%. The following account balances are available:Inventory, March 1$385,000Purchases301,000Purchase returns14,000Sales during March525,000The estimate of the cost of inventory at March 31 would bea.$147,000.b.$252,000.c.$278,250.d.$196,000.

101.On January 1, 2012, the merchandise inventory of Glaus, Inc. was $1,000,000. During 2012 Glaus purchased $2,000,000 of merchandise and recorded sales of $2,500,000. The gross profit rate on these sales was 25%. What is the merchandise inventory of Glaus at December 31, 2012?a.$500,000.b.$625,000.c.$1,125,000.d.$1,875,000.

102.For 2012, cost of goods available for sale for Tate Corporation was $1,800,000. The gross profit rate was 20%. Sales for the year were $1,600,000. What was the amount of the ending inventory?a.$0.b.$520,000.c.$360,000.d.$320,000.

103.On April 15 of the current year, a fire destroyed the entire uninsured inventory of a retail store. The following data are available:Sales, January 1 through April 15$360,000Inventory, January 160,000Purchases, January 1 through April 15300,000Markup on cost25%The amount of the inventory loss is estimated to bea.$72,000.b.$36,000.c.$90,000.d.$60,000.

104.The inventory account of Irick Company at December 31, 2012, included the following items:Inventory AmountMerchandise out on consignment at sales price(including markup of 40% on selling price)$30,000Goods purchased, in transit (shipped f.o.b. shipping point)24,000Goods held on consignment by Irick26,000Goods out on approval (sales price $15,200, cost $12,800)15,200Based on the above information, the inventory account at December 31, 2012, should be reduced bya.$40,400.b.$45,200.c.$64,400.d.$64,000.

105.The sales price for a product provides a gross profit of 20% of sales price. What is the gross profit as a percentage of cost?a.20%.b.17%.c.25%.d.Not enough information is provided to determine.

106.Gamma Ray Corp. has annual sales totaling $975,000 and an average gross profit of 20% of cost. What is the dollar amount of the gross profit?a.$195,000.b.$146,250.c.$162,500.d.$243,750.

107.On August 31, a hurricane destroyed a retail location of Vinny's Clothier including the entire inventory on hand at the location. The inventory on hand as of June 30 totaled $640,000. Since June 30 until the time of the hurricane, the company made purchases of $170,000 and had sales of $500,000. Assuming the rate of gross profit to selling price is 40%, what is the approximate value of the inventory that was destroyed?a.$640,000.b.$363,000.c.$410,000.d.$510,000.

108.On October 31, a fire destroyed PH Inc.'s entire retail inventory. The inventory on hand as of January 1 totaled $1,360,000. From January 1 through the time of the fire, the company made purchases of $330,000 and had sales of $720,000. Assuming the rate of gross profit to selling price is 40%, what is the approximate value of the inventory that was destroyed?a.$1,360,000.b.$1,346,000.c.$970,000.d.$1,258,000.

109.On March 15, a fire destroyed Interlock Company's entire retail inventory. The inventory on hand as of January 1 totaled $3,300,000. From January 1 through the time of the fire, the company made purchases of $1,366,000, incurred freight-in of $156,000, and had sales of $2,420,000. Assuming the rate of gross profit to selling price is 30%, what is the approximate value of the inventory that was destroyed?a.$4,096,000.b.$2,972,000.c.$3,128,000.d.$4,822,000.

110.Dicer uses the conventional retail method to determine its ending inventory at cost. Assume the beginning inventory at cost (retail) were $260,000 ($396,000), purchases during the current year at cost (retail) were $1,370,000 ($2,200,000), freight-in on these purchases totaled $86,000, sales during the current year totaled $2,100,000, and net markups (markdowns) were $48,000 ($72,000). What is the ending inventory value at cost?a.$306,328.b.$312,330.c.$314,824.d.$472,000.

111.Boxer Inc. uses the conventional retail method to determine its ending inventory at cost. Assume the beginning inventory at cost (retail) were $196,500 ($297,000), purchases during the current year at cost (retail) were $1,704,000 ($2,596,800), freight-in on these purchases totaled $79,500, sales during the current year totaled $2,433,000, and net markups were $207,000. What is the ending inventory value at cost?a.$667,800.b.$523,098.c.$426,723.d.$456,924.

112.Barker Pet supply uses the conventional retail method to determine its ending inventory at cost. Assume the beginning inventory at cost (retail) were $531,200 ($653,800), purchases during the current year at cost (retail) were $2,137,200 ($2,772,200), freight-in on these purchases totaled $127,800, sales during the current year totaled $2,604,000, and net markups (markdowns) were $4,000 ($192,600). What is the ending inventory value at cost?a.$633,400.b.$516,222.c.$822,000.d.$493,334.

113.Crane Sales Company uses the retail inventory method to value its merchandise inventory. The following information is available for the current year: Cost RetailBeginning inventory$ 30,000$ 50,000Purchases175,000240,000Freight-in2,500Net markups8,500Net markdowns10,000Employee discounts1,000Sales205,000If the ending inventory is to be valued at the lower-of-cost-or-market, what is the cost to retail ratio?a.$207,500 $290,000b.$207,500 $298,500c.$205,000 $300,000d.$207,500 $288,500

Use the following information for questions 114 through 118.

The following data concerning the retail inventory method are taken from the financial records of Welch Company. Cost RetailBeginning inventory$ 98,000$ 140,000Purchases448,000640,000Freight-in12,000Net markups40,000Net markdowns28,000Sales672,000

114.The ending inventory at retail should bea.$148,000.b.$120,000.c.$128,000.d.$84,000.

115.If the ending inventory is to be valued at approximately the lower of cost or market, the calculation of the cost to retail ratio should be based on goods available for sale at (1) cost and (2) retail, respectively ofa.$558,000 and $820,000.b.$558,000 and $792,000.c.$558,000 and $780,000.d.$546,000 and $780,000.

116.If the foregoing figures are verified and a count of the ending inventory reveals that merchandise actually on hand amounts to $108,000 at retail, the business hasa.realized a windfall gain.b.sustained a loss.c.no gain or loss as there is close coincidence of the inventories.d.none of these.

*117.Assuming no change in the price level if the LIFO inventory method were used in conjunction with the data, the ending inventory at cost would bea.$85,200.b.$84,000.c.$81,600.d.$86,400.

*118.Assuming that the LIFO inventory method were used in conjunction with the data and that the inventory at retail had increased during the period, then the computation of retail in the cost to retail ratio woulda.exclude both markups and markdowns and include beginning inventory.b.include markups and exclude both markdowns and beginning inventory.c.include both markups and markdowns and exclude beginning inventory.d.exclude markups and include both markdowns and beginning inventory.

119.Drake Corporation had the following amounts, all at retail:Beginning inventory$ 3,600Purchases$140,000Purchase returns6,000Net markups18,000Abnormal shortage4,000Net markdowns2,800Sales72,000Sales returns1,800Employee discounts1,600Normal shortage2,600What is Drakes ending inventory at retail?a.$74,400.b.$76,000.c.$77,600.d.$78,400

120.Goren Corporation had the following amounts, all at retail:Beginning inventory$ 3,600Purchases$110,000Purchase returns6,000Net markups18,000Abnormal shortage4,000Net markdowns2,800Sales72,000Sales returns1,800Employee discounts1,600Normal shortage2,600What is Gorens ending inventory at retail?a.$44,400.b.$46,000.c.$47,600.d.$48,400

121.Fry Corporations computation of cost of goods sold is:Beginning inventory$ 60,000Add: Cost of goods purchased 530,000Cost of goods available for sale 590,000Ending inventory 90,000Cost of goods sold$500,000The average days to sell inventory for Fry area.43.5 days.b.50.3 days.c.54.5 days.d.65.2 days.

122.East Corporations computation of cost of goods sold is:Beginning inventory$ 60,000Add: Cost of goods purchased 482,000Cost of goods available for sale542,000Ending inventory 80,000Cost of goods sold$462,000The average days to sell inventory for East area.68.3 days.b.75.7 days.c.55.3 days.d.90.9 days.

123.The 2012 financial statements of Sito Company reported a beginning inventory of $80,000, an ending inventory of $120,000, and cost of goods sold of $800,000 for the year. Sitos inventory turnover ratio for 2012 isa.10.0 times.b.8.0 times.c.6.7 times.d.5.7 times.

124.Boxer Inc. reported inventory at the beginning of the current year of $360,000 and at the end of the current year of $411,000. If net sales for the current year are $3,321,900 and the corresponding cost of sales totaled $2,819,100, what is the inventory turnover ratio for the current year?a.8.61.b.6.86.c.7.83.d.7.31.

Use the following information for questions 125 through 129.

Plank Co. uses the retail inventory method. The following information is available for the current year. Cost RetailBeginning inventory$ 156,000$244,000Purchases590,000830,000Freight-in10,000Employee discounts4,000Net markups30,000Net Markdowns40,000Sales780,000

125.If the ending inventory is to be valued at approximately lower of average cost or market, the calculation of the cost ratio should be based on cost and retail ofa.$600,000 and $860,000.b.$600,000 and $856,000.c.$746,000 and $1,100,000.d.$756,000 and $1,104,000.

126.The ending inventory at retail should bea.$320,000.b.$300,000.c.$288,000.d.$280,000.

127.The approximate cost of the ending inventory by the conventional retail method isa.$191,800.b.$189,840.c.$196,000.d.$204,960.*128.If the ending inventory is to be valued at approximately LIFO cost, the calculation of the cost ratio should be based on cost and retail ofa.$756,000 and $1,104,000.b.$756,000 and $1,064,000.c.$600,000 and $820,000.d.$600,000 and $860,000.

*129.Assuming that the LIFO inventory method is used, that the beginning inventory is the base inventory when the index was 100, and that the index at year end is 112, the ending inventory at dollar-value LIFO retail cost isa.$160,920.b.$185,514.c.$191,800.d.$204,960.

Use the following information for questions 130 and 131.

Eaton Company, which uses the retail LIFO method to determine inventory cost, has provided the following information for 2012: Cost RetailInventory, 1/1/12$ 141,000$210,000Net purchases567,000843,000Net markups102,000Net markdowns45,000Net sales795,000

*130.Assuming stable prices (no change in the price index during 2012), what is the cost of Eaton's inventory at December 31, 2012?a.$1