ELETROSPUN MATRIX FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS

iii

ANNA UNIVERSITY

CHENNAI 600025

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project titled DEVELOPMENT OF ELETROSPUN MATRIX FOR MEDICAL APPLICATION is a bonafide work of TARUN K (2009411009) who carried out the project work under my supervision. Certified further that to the best of my knowledge the work reported herein does not form part of any other project work/thesis or dissertation on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this or any other candidate.

Dr. SELVAKUMAR N

Dr. GOBI NPROFESSOR AND HEAD

SUPERVISORDepartment of Textile Technology Assistant Professor Anna University

Department of Textile Technology

Chennai 600025

Anna University

Chennai 600025

ABSTRACT

Ultrafine electrospun fibres have a great potential for the manufacture of long fibre composite materials. Application is limited by difficulties in making sufficient quantities of fibre to make substantial large scale articles in a reasonable time scale. For this reason, medical application which requires small amount of fibres is chosen. Electrospinning was investigated as a source of cost-effective, easy to manufacture wound dressings, medical implants, and scaffolds for the production of artificial human tissues.

Until now, many common natural and biodegradable biopolymers, such as cellulose, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, chitin, and chitosan, have been successfully electrospun into nanofibers. To our knowledge, pure alginate has not yet been successfully electrospun into nanofibers due to their high molecular weight. Hence, an attempt was made to blend calcium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol by electrospinning. The experimental trial was carried out by preparing calcium alginate and poly vinyl alcohol separately at different concentration and it was blended with ratios which had maximum miscibility.

Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the produced web. The physical and functional properties such as water vapour permeability, anti microbial activity etc., were studied which helped to assess the wound healing property.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my sincere thanks to Dr. Gobi N, Assistant Professor, Department of Textile Technology, Anna University, Chennai for his valuable guidance, constant encouragement and timely suggestions rendered for the successful completion of the second phase of the project.

I wish to thank Dr. Selvakumar N, Professor and Head, Department of Textile Technology, Anna University, Chennai for his support during the period of project.

I wish to thank Dr. Giri Dev V R, Assistant Professor, Department of Textile Technology, Anna University, Chennai for his initiation in the project.

Grateful acknowledgements are made to all the staff members in the department and I would particularly express my gratitude to all the faculty members and technicians of the Department of Textile Technology.

TARUN K

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO.

TITLEPAGE NO.

ABSTRACTiii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTv

LIST OF TABLESxi

LIST OF FIGURESxii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONSxiv

1INTRODUCTION1

2LITERATURE REVIEW3

2.1INTRODUCTION3

2.2WOUND3

2.3TYPES OF WOUNDS3

2.3.1Open Wounds3

2.3.2Avulsions3

2.3.3Contusions3

Title case 2.3.4Crush Wounds4

(To be followed 2.3.5Cuts4

uniformly) 2.3.6Fish Hook Wounds4

2.3.7Incised Wound4

2.3.8Lacerations 4

2.3.9Open Wound 4

2.3.10Penetrating Wound4

CHAPTER NO.TITLEPAGE NO.

2.4.1Normal Wound- healing Phases5

2.4.1.1Hameostasis and inflammation6

Sentence case

(To be followed2.4.1.2Growth of cells on the wound bed6

uniformly)2.4.1.3Proliferation6

2.4.1.4Maturation phase of the wound7

2.5DRESSINGS7

2.5.1Traditional Dressings Covered with Primary Dressings7

2.5.4Alginate Dressings on the Wound Bed10

2.5.5Hydrogel Dressings12

2.5.6Semi-permeable Adhesive Film Dressings13

2.5.7Foam Dressings14

3.5TESTING METHODS38

3.5.1Water Vapour Permeability38

3.5.2Tensile Tests39

3.5.3Antimicrobial Test39

CHAPTER NO.TITLEPAGE NO.

APPENDIX / APPENDIX I

APPENDIX II

APPENDIX II

REFERENCES

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS

Note: Table borders should be removed after keying-in the contents.

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO.TITLEPAGE NO.

2.1Wounds used in study of calcium alginate17

Note: Table borders should be removed after keying-in the contents

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO.TITLEPAGE NO.

2.1Structure of alginate20

2.2Structure of polyvinyl alcohol22

2.3Schematic diagram to show polymer nano fibers by electrospinning24

Note: Table borders should be removed after keying-in the contents

LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AATCC -

American Association of Textile Chemists and ColoristsASTM

-American Standard for Testing and Materials

CA

-Calcium Alginate

CMC

-Carboxy Methyl Cellulose

DC

-Direct Current

DW

-Distilled Water

eV

-Electron Volt

FHC

-Fluid Handling Capacity

FTIR

-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

20 mm

50 mm

FS 14

FS 16

ls 1.5

LS 3

LS 3

LS 2

FS 13

LS 6

23 mm

LS 1.5

FS 13

50 mm

LS 3

FS 14

20 mm

LS 2

FS 13

LS 2

LS 3

FS 14

50 mm

FS 13

LS 2

FS 14

LS 3

FS 14

50 mm

LS 3

FS 14

LS 1.5

LS 3

Tab width = 0.5 (12.7 mm)

2 tabs

1 tab

23 mm

50 mm

50 mm

50 mm

LS 3

LS 3

LS 3

FS 14

FS 14

FS 14

FS 14

LS 3

LS 3

50 mm

50 mm

LS 3

23 mm

LS 2