Jean Piaget Lev Vygotsky Abraham Maslow B.F. Skinner Erik Erickson Howard Gardner.
Abraham Maslow Holistic-Dynamic Theory Pertemuan 18
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Transcript of Abraham Maslow Holistic-Dynamic Theory Pertemuan 18
Abraham MaslowHolistic-Dynamic Theory
Pertemuan 18
Matakuliah : L0194 – Psikologi KepribadianTahun : 2010
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Who is Abraham Harold Maslow?
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Average student High grades
Intellectually superior student get flunk out from school
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(1970) Holistic Approach to Motivation
• Motivation is ussualy complex
– Behavior spring from several separate motives
– Motivation maybe unconscious or unknown to the person
• People are continually motivates by one needs or
another
• People everywhere are motivates by the same
basic needs can be arrange on hierarchy
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Heirarchy of Needs
Metapathology:Absent of value, lack of fulfillment,Loss meaning in life
Self doubt, self-depreciation,Lack of confidence
Defensive, overly aggresisive, Socially timid
Irrational fear, insecutiry, dread,basic anxiety
Malnutrition, fatigue, loss of energy,Obsession of sex, etc.
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In addition to these 5 conative needs are:
1. Aesthetic
2. Cognitive
3. Neurotic
Deprivation same sickness as conative needs
Deprivation results in pathology
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Reversed order of Needs
Chief crazy horse monument sculptured by Korczak Ziolkowski
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Unmotivated BehaviorExpressive Behavior
The person’s mode of expressionNo need rewardUnlearned, spontaneous, force within person rather than
environment
VersusCoping Behavior
Conscious, learned, determined by external environmentServes some aims or goalsMotivated by some deficit needs
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Criteria for Self Actualization
• Free from psychopathology
• Had progressed through the hierarchy of needs
• Embracing of the B-Values
• Full use and exploitation of talents, capacities,
potentialities
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B-Values
• Metamotivation motives of self actualizing people
• Deprivation of any B-Values Metapathology (the lack of a meaningful philosophy of life)
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Characteristic of self actualizing people:• More efficient perception of reality
• Acceptance of self, others, & naturalness
• Problem-centering
• Need for privacy
• Autonomy
• Continued freshness of appreciation
• The peak experience
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Characteristic of self actualizing people: (cont…)• Kinship with other human beings
• Profound interpersonal relations
• The democratic character structure
• Enjoy doing something for its own sake
• Philosophical sense of humor
• Creativeness
• Resistence to enculturation
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Jonah Complex
Takut akan kesuksesan yang diimpikan karena
akan bandingkan dengan yang dirasa lebh hebat
Psychotherapy
Break their dependency on others
Warm & healthy relationship with therapist
Fulfill love & belongingness confident