HISTORY OF THE MAGYARS

Abby Grandinetti3rd period

History of the Magyars

Abby Grandinetti 3rd Period

THE MAGYARS

Name for the people of Hungary Ethnic group native to the Carpathian

Basin Their goal is preserve Hungarian

language, culture, and tradition Throughout history, they have

protested for their own independent nation separating them from the Austrians, Ottomans, and other invading forces.

PICTURE OF THE MAGYARS ENTERING THE CARPATHIAN BASIN

EARLY HISTORY

955- Magyars, then a powerful, nomad group, were defeated by the German king, Otto I

After their defeat, the Magyars traveled back to Hungary to permanently settle

1000- Stephen, leader of the Magyars, asked pope Sylvester II to baptize him and crown him King of Hungary. He believed this would protect his kingdom from

invasion and unite his people through a common religion.

EARLY HISTORY CONT’D

1003- Another Magyar claimed rule of Transylvania, but he was quickly put down by Stephen who added Transylvania to his kingdom Transylvania became an area largely populated by

the Magyars 1030- German emperor Conrad II attacked

Western Hungary, but they were quickly defeated by King Stephen.

1038- King Stephen I of Hungary died The Magyars later canonized him as a saint

KING STEPHEN I OF HUNGARY

MEDIEVAL/ RENAISSANCE HUNGARY

1241- Invaded by the Mongols Late 15th Century- A time of political

unrest and instability due to fights over who had the power to rule.

One popular king of the time was King Mathias. Mathias was and is still considered one of Hungary’s most popular rulers.

PARTITIONED HUNGARY

1526-1699 Partitioned by the Hapsburgs and the Ottomans

after their defeat at the Battle of Mohacs (1526) 1701-1711 Ultimately the Austrian Hapsburgs took control,

but Hungary resisted and fought in a War of Independence from 1701-1711

However, Austria kept control and began to exploit and oppress the Hungarians in their own country

REVOLUTIONS OF 1848- IN HUNGARY

Revolutions began in Vienna, Austria and broke out in Hungary a few days later. The Hungarians demanded an elected parliament responsible to a national government. This demand and other reforms were included in the April Laws to create what became the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary.

FLAG TO SYMBOLIZE THE DUAL MONARCHY

THE MAGYARS IN WWI

Austria-Hungary was greatly affected by the assassination of Francis Ferdinand because he was the heir to the throne.

Eventually, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia July 28th, 1914

Austria-Hungary was closely tied to Germany in alliances such as the Three Emperors Alliance and the Dual Alliance

Austria- Hungary’s main purpose of the war was to gain territory in the Balkan region

MAP

WORLD WAR I PROPAGANDA

TREATY OF TRIANON

Peace treaty signed at the conclusion of WWI that established the borders of Hungary

In this treaty, Hungary lost nearly ¾ of their land and many Magyars were forced to live outside of their native Hungary.

Many Magyars believe that this treaty was created because other European powers felt threatened by the strong nationalism and power that the Magyars possessed.

TREATY OF TRIANON

WORLD WAR II

Hungary was forced to enter the war after an unprovoked attack by the Soviets in 1940

1944- Invaded by the Nazis and the Soviets From 1944-1945 more than 500,000 Hungarian Jews were

transferred to Auschwitz 1948- Communist Regime imposed in Hungary by Soviets 1956- Hungarian Nationalist uprising is crushed by the

Soviets Eventually Hungary was able to slowly transfer itself into a

democratic regime, however the effects of communism burdened the country for many years to come. Hungary is still saddled with debt from their occupation by the

Soviets

WWII MAP OF HUNGARY

POST COMMUNISM

Post-communism struggled, but eventually got back on track.

They joined NATO in 1999 and the EU in 2004

They are currently practicing a successful Democratic regime with an elected parliament.

COUNTRIES IN NATO

Hungary

WORKS CITED

Goode, Stephen. "The History of Hungary." Hungarian People & Culture. Hungarian Culture, Language, and Relocation Resources. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://www.filolog.com/crosscultureHistory.html>.

"HUNMAGYAR.ORG - ETHNOGRAPHIC MAP OF HISTORICAL HUNGARY." HUNMAGYAR.ORG. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://www.hunmagyar.org/tor/ethno.html>.

Kagan, Donald, Steven E. Ozment, and Frank M. Turner. The Western Heritage: Since 1300. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007. Print.

Lazar, Istvan. "The Magyars." A Thousand Years of Hungary. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://hungarianhistory.freeservers.com/magyars.html>. "Stephen I." U*X*L Biographies. Detroit: U*X*L, 2003. Gale Student Resources In Context. Web. 11 Mar. 2012. "Austrian Empire Hungary Revolution 1848." OnWar.com. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/hat/hungary/fhungary1848.htm>.

"Stephen I." U*X*L Biographies. Detroit: U*X*L, 2003. Gale Student Resources In Context. Web. 11 Mar. 2012. "Austrian Empire Hungary Revolution 1848." OnWar.com. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/hat/hungary/fhungary1848.htm>.

"Treaty of Trianon." - New World Encyclopedia. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Treaty_of_Trianon>.