Allusion MetaphorAnalogy MetonymyAphorism OxymoronApostrophe ParadoxConceit PersonificationExtended Metaphor SimileFigurative Language SymbolHyperbole SynecdocheIronyLitotes/Understatement1afigure of speech in which a word or speech is applied to an object oraction to which it is not literally applicableex: He was a fast cheetah when he ran.an indirect or passing reference to an event, person, place, or artisticwork that the author assumes the reader will understandex: "I was surprised his nose was not growing like Pinocchio's." refers toThe Adventures of Pinocchio, written by Carlo Collodi when Pinocchio'snose grows whenever he tells a lie.figure of speech in which a representativeterm is used for a larger ideaex: Crown in place of a royal persona comparison of similar things often to explainsomething unfamiliar with something familiarex: Apple is to tree as flower is to plant.a figure of speech in which two contradictory wordsor phrases are combined in a single expressionex: jumbo shrimpa terse statement of a principle or truth; a maximex: "Sits he on ever so high a throne, a man still sits on his bottom."(Montaigne) - Richard Nordquista statement or expression so surprisingly self-contradictory as toprovoke us into another sense in which it would be trueex: "I can resist anything but temptation." -Oscar Wildea rhetorical device in which the speaker addresses a dead or absent person, oran inanimate object or abstractionex: "O, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth,/That I am meek and gentlewith these butchers!/Thou art the ruins of the noblest man/That ever lived inthe tide of times." -Julius Caesar, Act 3, Scene 1 by William Shakespearethe technique by which animals, abstract ideas, or inanimateobjects are referred to as if they were humanex: whispering wind, weeping willowan unusually far-fetched or elaborate metaphor presenting a surprisingly apt parallel between two apparently dissimilarthings or feelingsex: "If they be two, they are two so As stiff twin compasses are two, Thy soul the fixed foot, makes no show To move, but doth, if the other do. And though it in the center sit, Yet when the other far doth roam, It leans, and hearkens after it, And grows erect, as that comes home."A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning- John Donnea less direct metaphor, using "like" or "as"ex: She is as pretty as a flower.an idea sustained throughout the workex: "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players;They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time playsmany parts, His acts being seven ages. At first the infant, mewling andpuking in the nurse's arms..." 'As You Like It' - William Shakespeareanything that stands or represents something else beyond it,usually an idea conventionally associated with itex: The color white representing purity.language that contains figures of speech,such as metaphor, simile, personification,etc.figure of speech that utilizes a part as representativeof the wholeex: The word "wheels" can represent a vehicle.exaggeration for the sake of emphasis in afigure of speech not meant literallyex: I'm so hungry, I could eat a horse!in its broadest sense, the incongruity, or difference, between reality(what is) and appearance (what seems to be)ex: A Burger King infront of a Bally Fitness.a figure of speech by which an affirmation is made indirectly bysaying its opposite, usually with an affect of understatementex: They aren't the happiest couple around.1b