A Study on the Effectiveness of

Calamansi & Honey Extract as

A Natural Hair Removing Wax

A Research Proposal presented to the

Faculty of Pilar College High School Department

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements in Physics IV

By:

Vincent Ely Tan

Kenneth Yap

Bea Angeles

Ana Emrahsima Alibasa

Jaina Abdul

February 2012

Pilar College

High School Department

Zamboanga City

APPROVAL SHEET

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement in

Research entitled

“The study on the effectiveness of Calamansi and Honey Extract as

a Natural Hair Removing Wax”

Has been prepared and submitted by Alibasa Ana-Emrahsima, Angeles

Bea Lizz, Abdul Jaina, Tan Rolan Vincent, and Yap Aron Kenneth.

Approved by the Oral Examination Committee on February 22, 2012

with a rating of PASSED.

Mrs. Rachel Rosales Mr. Antonino Godinez

Member Chairman

Accepted as a Partial Fulfilment of the

Requirement in Research IV

Mrs. Elnora Perez

High School Principal

AbstractIn this study, the researchers would most likely want to

know the effect of Calamansi & honey extract as an alternative treatment to hair growth in a form of a natural hair removing wax. We therefore assumed that the combined formula of Calamansi and Honey extract as the key ingredient in formulating the said mixture would result to a positive outcome.

We have intended to come up with some test using the application of the said mixture, with a single based treatment, we did not compared the results to that of the commercialized products because in the first place, the main aim of the entire study is to come up with an alternative yet effective, efficient and low-cost product that could best answer to the demands and needs of the modern day youth, most specifically, the women who basically suffer from too much accumulation of hair in any parts of the body.

Conclusions on the study were solely based on the actual experiment done which resulted to a successful outcome. Hence, the researchers concluded further that our research study on the effectiveness of Calamansi and Honey extract as a natural hair removing wax could best be an alternative which could be replaced to the highly commercialized ones.

On the aspect of our hypothesis, the researchers also would like to elaborate further, that there is no lasting results for the growth of hair in the area where the actual test was conducted, considering the ability of the body to reproduce hair. On the other hand, it is still a must for every user, to obtain a proper maintenance with regards to the use of the said wax.

To sum it all up, the researchers have consistently proved that there is a good result upon application of the alternative wax.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Everything in this research paper wouldn’t be possible if

not because of the people around us. That’s why we offer this

entire page to them.

First and foremost, to our Creator, our Savior, who have

given us the greatest gift a man could have; the gift of

knowledge and wisdom which is the key ingredient to the success

of the entire research study.

Second, we would like to thank our ever supportive parents,

who through thick and thin, ups and downs of our study, have

supported and answered our needs, most especially on the

financial aspect, and also for allowing us to attend every meet-

ups for the group experiment even on a weekend.

To all the teachers, most especially to Mr. Antonino

Godinez, for always being there when ever we have questions

regarding the research paper, and for always encouraging us to do

our best in coming up with this study amidst all the hardships

and pains, difficulties and time constraints we have encountered

within the given span of time.

Also, we would like to thank the following coordinators;

Mrs. Marylou Cirilo, for the knowledge on English grammar that

have influenced a lot in this research study. We must say, that

it is the greatest contribution of your forte in this study, and

also, to Mrs. Rose Laporre, for all the help and the support

that made this study successful.

And lastly, we wouldn’t have come to the peak of this

success for our study if not because of ourselves, who have

worked a lot in all the aspects that a student could have. All

the efforts were definitely worth it, and all the time were

indeed well spent! We would like to congratulate our own selves

for coming this far in our research study, and for always being

there for each other. It was a great journey, indeed! High school

will never be the same again after this, that’s why we thank God

for giving this ever cooperative group mates that have

contributed in their own way so that this study will be the best

and most crucial yet worth while legacy which we will leave for

our Alma Mater.

Dedication

After all the hardships and struggles we have been through for the success of the entire research paper, we, the researchers, would like to dedicate this to the following people who in some way or the other, have brought encouragement and have pursued us in coming up with such a successful research paper:

Firstly, to our Almighty Father, for giving us the gift of life and knowledge that we have used a lot for this research study.

To Mr. Antonino Godinez, who is the culprit of all this. You are the mind, the idea, the brain, and the knowledge of this research paper.

To our ever active English teacher, who also happens to be our department’s English Coordinator, Mrs. Marylou Cirilo, for giving us enough knowledge and for strengthening out our English grammar skills which has actually became the foundation of this entire research paper.

Also, we would like to dedicate this study to the entire Science Subject area of the department, spearheaded by the ever gorgeous and alluring Mrs. Rosaline Laporre. And for also allowing us to base our research on some previous thesis works that the school has.

We wouldn’t be able to feel the warmth of love and care if not because of our ever dearest adviser, Ms. Rachel Rosales, who helped us out in some matters in our group. Who stood firm as our mother, and never gave up on us despite the naughtiness we’ve shown not only to her, but as well as to all the teachers.

And lastly, we would like to dedicate this research paper to the one who have gained our outmost respect, the one who have taught us to become a true Ignacian Marian Students not only by act or any name, but foremost, by heart; Pilar College of Zamboanga City.

It is our honor to have been able to leave this work which we consider a legacy, because it has brought us enduring sufferings, hardships and pain, but turned out to be so rewarding in the end, when we had the oral defense successfully.

Someday in our lives, when we have to look back onto our high school life, there will always be that glimpse of the senior year where we will always remember this work which has brought so much meaning in our own respective life.

To whoever who reads this, may you be enlightened and be inspired that no matter how hard life or this work may seem, like what we have proven in the end of this research study, there is really nothing impossible in the world of Science with the guidance of the Almighty Father. Adios.

Table of ContentsI.

a. Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

b. Aknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iic. Dedication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

II. Chapter Ia. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1b. Statement of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2c. Statement of the Hypothesis

Significance of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3d. Scope and Delimitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4e. Theoretical Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5f. Conceptual Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6g. Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

III. Chapter IIa. Related Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8b. Related Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

IV. Chapter IIIa. Introductionb. Research Localec. Research Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13d. Subject of the Studye. Materials of the Studyf. Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14g. Data Gathering Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15h. Sampling Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16i. Presentation of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

V. Chapter IVa. Introductionb. Matrix Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

VI. Chapter Va. Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20b. Conclusionc. Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Chapter I

Introduction

Calamondin, commonly known as Calamansi in the Philippines, is probably one of the most abundant fruits in the country. It is basically a can-be-found necessity in every Filipino home. Whop would’ve thought that this ping-pong-ball-like fruit can be as mighty as a thousand fruits. It is said to be a good source of Vitamin C and would also reduce the itch when rubbed on insect bites.  It can also be used as a natural acne medicine or taken orally as cough medicine (often mixed with green tea), and is a natural anti-inflammatory. For problems with constipation the juice is warmed and diluted with water. It bleaches freckles and helps to clear up acne vulgaris and pruritus vulvae. In Malaysia, it is used as an antidote for poison, and a poultice of pandanus leaves mixed with salt and the juice of citrus microcarpa, can be used to treat abscesses. In Peninsular Malaysia, it is combined with pepper to help expel phlegm. Its root is used in the Philippines at childbirth.

In this study, we used Calamansi as the primary substance for hair-waxing, considering the competence of teenage girls most particulary, in beauty and self confidence. It is a best and most convenient alternative for removing unwanted accumulation of hair anywhere in the body.

The effectivity of this product compared to those commercialized ones does not have much difference at all. The only assurance for our product is the natural ingredients in it and the same outcome as that of the commercial wax product in the market.

The researchers of this study would most likely want to prove how efficient and effective the combination of Calamansi and Sugar extract as an alternative hair-wax remover.

Statement of the Problem

Considering the too much accumulation of unwanted hair among

individuals, most especially to modern day female youth, the

researchers would most likely want to know the effectiveness of

citric acid found on citrus fruits, and honey extract as

treatment for hair growth.

More specifically, the researchers intend to answer and get

into deeper context on the following guide questions:

1. After undergoing at least 3 trials on a specific marked area

with affected accumulation of hair growth, how much hair

will most likely be pulled off?

2. Is there a chance for the hair to occur again on the

specific portion where the test was conducted?

Statement of the Hypothesis

After performing some tests with the use of Calamansi and

Sugar extract as an alternative hair-wax remover, the researchers

intend to hypothesize the following:

1. Three (3) trials are enough to fully pull off the hairs

in the specific marked area where there is too much

accumulation of hair.

2. Considering the ability of the body to reproduce hair

after few days, we therefore assume that hair would

basically grow again even on the specific portion where

the test was conducted.

Significance of the Study

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Calamansi

and Honey Extract as an alternative treatment for hair-wax

remover, since this study deals with the assessment of

individuals, most especially teenage girls suffering from too

much hair growth. The researchers would likely want to know the

benefits and effects of individuals who will use their Citric

Acid and Honey Extract wax as a hair remover.

In realization to this research study, it will be able to

help the affected teenagers and even the young-at-heart woman

suffering from unwanted hair growth to get a more affordable and

likely comparable to those products that are highly

commercialized in which it will help them to gain self-confidence

and a more presentable beauty to the high-standard modern day

society.

Scope and Delimitation

The scope of the research study was to produce an

alternative Hair wax remover from calamansi extract and sugar; it

also included the analysis of its effectiveness based on the

experiment made.

Theoretical Framework

The basis of this research study is based on the theory of

some researchers who used citrus fruits and honey extract as a

subject of their study. It is said that citric acid helps in

softening the outer skin layer, which could definitely affect

much on the hair removing process. It is also known for a fact

that fruits that contain citric acid are rich in Vitamin C that

is also known as an antioxidant.

Hence, this product does not only aim to remove such

unwanted hair, but helps as well, in enhancing the skin for a

fairer complexion and presentable one.

On the other hand, Honey extract is also an essential

partner for citric acid based on other research, honey extract

contains some other good chemicals that helps in utilizing the

skin and softens it for a more effective outcome of this

experiment.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

The effect of hair wax remover

Time needed to make a natural hair wax

DEPENDENT VARIABLE Honey Extract Calamansi Puree Water

Conceptual Framework

Table 1.1

Our dependent variables are the honey extract, calamansi puree and water.Our independent variables are the effect of hair wax remover and how much time do we need to complete our experimentation.Our moderator variables are the amount of honey extract and calamansi puree we will use in our experimentation.

Definition of terms

MODERATOR VARIABLE The amount of calamansi puree and

honey extract

Terms that are needed to be defined according to its use and meaning in the study:

Calamansi - a small evergreen citrus tree, widely cultivated as a houseplant for its glossy foliage and ornamental fruits

Effectiveness – defined as the capability of producing a desired effect. Has an intended or expected outcome

Puree - Food prepared by straining or blending

Honey – a sweet food made by bees using nectar from flowers

Wax - a class of chemical compound, are insoluble in water but soluble in organic, no polar solvents, they melt at 45 C

Hair removal - a method in removing the body hair; have been practiced in almost all human for all for a number of reason

Natural - produced by nature, not artificial

Chapter 2

Related Literature:

Calamansi: Calamansi is fruit tree in the family Rutaceae,

commonly called the calamondin, golden lime, panama orange,

Chinese orange, acid orange, calamonding, or calamandarin in

English. It is believed to originate from China and has spread

throughout Southeast Asia, India, Hawaii, the West Indies,

Central and North America. The plant is characterized by wing-

like appendages on the leaf stalks and white or purplish flowers.

Its fruit has either a spongy or leathery rind with a juicy pulp

that is divided into sections. The calamansi fruit also has

several medicinal uses. It can be a good treatment to itchy

scalp, to heal insect bites, remove freckles, clear up acne and

pimples, and to deodorize underarms. It is also a popular home

remedy for cough. In addition to these, homemakers are awed by

its power to remove heavy stains on fabrics, and as a substitute

for any of the ways a lemon can clean the home.

 

Honey: Honey is as old as written history, dating back to 2100

B.C. where it was mentioned in Sumerian and Babylonian cuneiform

writings, the Hittite code, and the sacred writings of India and

Egypt. It is presumably even older than that. Honey was valued

highly and often used as a form of currency, tribute, or

offering. In the 11th century A.D., German peasants paid their

feudal lords in honey and beeswax. Although experts argue whether

the honeybee is native to the Americas, conquering Spaniards in

1600 A.D. found native Mexicans and Central Americans had already

developed beekeeping methods to produce honey. Honey has long

been used as a health aid. Honey by nature is an antibacterial

and antimicrobial. Hydrogen Peroxide is naturally produced by the

enzymes contained in honey. This makes honey good for medicinal

purposes. Honey is composed of sugars like glucose and fructose

and minerals like magnesium, potassium, calcium, sodium chlorine,

sulphur, iron and phosphate. It contains vitamins B1, B2, C, B6,

B5 and B3 all of which change according to the qualities of the

nectar and pollen. Besides the copper, iodine, and zinc that

exists in it in small quantities.

Brown   Sugar: Brown sugar has a long history, being the earliest

recorded sugar used. It has been grown all over the world, and

reached a popularity peak in the 1700s with the rise of Atlantic

sugar plantations. It comes in several types, and while it

originally was an unfinished form of refined sugar, now it is

more often created by adding molasses to white sugar for better

consistency. It has almost identical food properties to white

sugar, but adds a molasses-like flavor to foods. Natural brown,

or raw sugar, contains trace amounts of nutrients, such as

phosphorus, calcium, iron, magnesium and potassium that have been

processed out of chemically-refined sugar. The chemicals still

used by some manufacturers to refine white sugar strip some of

the beneficial minerals and nutrients naturally occurring in the

juice that is extracted from the sugar cane and used to produce

raw sugar. Honey supports blood formation in our body.

Hair Waxing:

Removing hair from the body is certainly not new. The ancient

Egyptians did this long before suburban house wives discovered

the bikini wax. A smooth and hairless body was the standard of

beauty, youth and innocence for a woman in Egypt. The wife of the

divine Pharaoh set the example and every Egyptian woman took care

that there was not a single hair on her body. They used

depilatory creams and waxed with a sticky emulsion made of oil

and honey, similar to what we now call "sugaring".

Later, the Greeks adopted this ideal of smoothness. The old Greek

sculptures show us that. The sculptures of women are polished,

shiny and all, and there is no pubic hair at all, whereas the

sculptures of men do show pubic hair! The Greeks thought pubic

hair on women was ugly and upper class ladies removed it. The

Romans did not like pubic hair either and young girls began

removing it as soon as it first appeared. They used tweezers,

which they called the "volsella" and had a kind of depilatory

cream, the "philotrum" or "dropax", the forerunner of the current

depilatory creams! Waxing was also a way of depilating and this

was done with resin or pitch. New hair growth will become

thinner, softer and lighter as the follicle becomes weaker with

prolonged treatment. Applying a depilation cream after treatment

will prolong the effects, and some people have even experienced

permanent hair removal using this method.

Related Studies:

Green tea hair removing wax

www. Indiamart.com/vdcl/wax-strip.html endorses Green Tea Hair

Removing Wax Strips that are used in a method of semi-permanent

hair removal, which removes the hair from the root. Almost any

area of the body can be waxed, including eyebrows, face, bikini

area, legs, arms, back, abdomen and feet. These products are used

in various types of waxing suitable for removing unwanted hair.

Waxing is accomplished by spreading a wax combination thinly over

the skin. Then strip is pressed on the top and ripped off with a

quick movement against the direction of hair growth. It removes

the wax along with the hair.

CHAPTER IIIMETHODOLOGY

Introduction

This chapter provides more intricate and important details

about the experiment. This also includes the materials needed and

the procedure on how the experiment should be conducted. This

whole chapter is a view of how the research will be conducted and

experimented on. Things are procedures needed for the research to

be a success are also indicated.

RESEARCH LOCALE

The researchers conducted the entire experiment in one of our

group mates’ house. This is because of the abundance of the

materials needed to complete the experiment. As well as the

comfortability of the place and the freedom to perform the said

experiment freely.

RESEARCH DESIGN

This experiment involves a single treatment with or more

levels. The single-group design is used for this study.

SUBJECT OF THE STUDY

The study is focused on Calamansi extract and sugar as an

alternative and natural kind of hair removing wax.

MATERIALS OF THE STUDY

We know for a fact that our study will center to those whose

budget’s a bit low. So we took the initiative to use some

materials that wouldn’t cost much expense. They are those that

can be found in every house’s kitchen;

1. Calamansi /Lemon extract &

2. Sugar

3. Water

PROCEDURE:1. First prepare all the materials needed.

2. Then get a cup, put on equal quantity of water, sugar and

calamansi extract.

3. Put the water and the other ingredients on the pot and wait

until it boils and until it thickens

4. When the mixture is well boiled, and when the mixture is

well thickened transfer the mixture on a container with a

flat surface.

5. For faster cooling process, you can put the mixture in the

freezer (don’t let it cool too much)

Optional: For instance, there remained some of the mixture,

you could keep it, and if you want to use it, you could heat

it up in a microwave oven for a minute. This will help melt

the mixture.

6. After doing everything, you are done! You can apply the

mixture in areas you want.

Data Gathering Procedure

After the alternative hair wax remover was produce from

Calamansi extract and sugar, the researchers get its

effectiveness by basically applying the said natural wax upon the

specifically marked area where there is too much accumulation of

hair. After 3 trials, we have gathered data that have fulfilled

the matrix table included in this study. The important data that

has been gathered in fulfillment of the matrix table is actually

based on the percentage of the hair that has been pulled off and

that could speak of the effectiveness of our natural hair

removing wax.

Sampling Design

The researchers used the purposive sampling design since the

researchers intends to gather their samples such as Calamansi

extract and sugar in accordance with their respective purpose.

Presentation of Data

After a few numbers of tests, the researchers have finally

gathered data that could satisfy our entire study. And because

the researchers would like to clearly present the important data

which we were able to gather on the said conduction of the

experiment, we have documented it into pictures.

Here are some of the photos taken during the actual conduction of the experiment:

THE FINAL PRODUCT

BEFORE

1ST TRIAL 2nd TRIAL 3rd TRIAL

AFTER

Chapter 4

Introduction

Key subject used in conducting theexperiment Trials

Hair in specific marked area (%)

Hair pulled of in specific marked area (%)

Calamansi & 1

100%(Generalizing the

entire number of hair inside the marked

98%

Honey extract (Wax)

area)

2 100%

(Generalizing the entire number of hair inside the marked

area)

100%

After conducting the experiment using the Natural Calamansi

& Honey extract Hair-wax remover, we have come up and gathered

the following data that could satisfy the Matrix Table below.

Matrix TableNote: The range of the marked area where there is an accumulation of hair is approximately 2 inches.Table 1.1

Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation

Summary

The research study is about the effectiveness of Calamansi

and Sugar/Honey extract as a natural hair removing wax. The

researchers would most likely want to come up with some

alternatives that are foremost less expensive, abundant in our

country, and most especially, a product that could answer to the

demands of the modern day youth, more specifically, the women.

In coming up with the natural hair removing wax, we have

added up equal amount of water, honey/ sugar extract, and

Calamansi extract in a pan, and brought it to a boil, after it

thickens, we have placed it in a flat surface and let it cool

down until the skin could tend to the heat. After which, the wax

is now ready to be applied on the chosen affected area where

there is an accumulation of hair. After conducting numbers of

trials, the researchers gathered data, came up with a matrix

table, and finally able to come up with a product that could be

associated and that could best answer our statement of the

problem.

Conclusion

Therefore, the researchers conclude, that the combination of

Calamansi & Honey/Sugar extract could be a best alternative for

hair waxing. Considering the abundance of the materials, and the

low cost value of it, it is definitely a must-have product for

everyone’s household.

Recommendations

Considering the same components of this two ingredients, the

researchers of this study would to clarify that either Sugar

which has been diluted in water, and Honey, could be used in

coming up with the natural hair removing wax. On our part, we

decided to use diluted sugar extract instead of honey basically

because of its abundance and its low cost value. After all, it

depends upon the user onto which he/she decides to use for the

success of the product.