A scissor-type car jack is shown

IntroductionA unique remote control car jack . this facilities changes tyres in cars with surpring ease. The jack is operated at the push of a button. The car can be jacked up to a height necessary to charge the wheel without Any effort it light weight only 3kg and is more portable when portable when compared with a manual jack. It is compact and designed with an accent on sleekness. Engineering for functional excellence. It ensure the maximum ease of operation.

A scissor-type car jack is shown. Member BC is threaded. When it is rotated by the hand-held driver, the distance |BC| shortens which in turn causes the top of the jack (with elevation, h) to move upward. The lead of the threaded bar BC is 0.1 cm/rev, meaning one rotation of the screw shortens the distance |BC| by 0.1 cm. Suppose, (in the position shown - dimensions given below), the driver rotates member BC at = 200 revolutions per minute. For the position shown, calculate the upward velocity of the top of the jack, point D.

A relay is an electrical switch that opens and closes under the control of another electrical circuit. In the original form, the switch is operated by an electromagnet to open or close one or many sets of contacts. It was invented by Joseph Henry in 1835. Because a relay is able to control an output circuit of higher power than the input circuit, it can be considered to be, in a broad sense, a form of an electrical amplifier.The electromagnetic relay consists of a multi-turn coil, wound on an iron core, to form an electromagnet. When the coil is energised, by passing current through it, the core becomes temporarily magnetised. The magnetised core attracts the iron armature. The armature is pivoted which causes it to operate one or more sets of contacts. When the coil is de-energised the armature and contacts are released.

The coil can be energised from a low power source such as a transistor while the contacts can switch high powers such as the mains supply. The relay can also be situated remotely from the control source.

Relays can generate a very high voltage across the coil when switched off. This can damage other components in the circuit. To prevent this a diode is connected across the coil.The cathode of the diode is connected to the most positiveend of the coil

The springsets (contacts) can be a mixture of n.o n.c and c.o. Look at the page on switches to see how they can be used in circuits.

Various coil operating voltages (ac and dc) are available.

The actual contact points on the springsets are available for high current and low current operation.

The REED RELAY has a much faster operation than the relays described above.DIGITAL CONTROL

Efficient control of motor and other electrical devices becomes critical where high precision, accuracy, flexibility; reliability and faster response are of paramount importance. Therefore for efficient control electronics and digital control are employed in which a solid state semiconductor are used.

In advance we can use a software programming in which electronics circuit are interfaced with computers. By using software program there is less possibility of irregularity.

Advantages of Digital Control

1. Digital control gives the high precision and accuracy.

2. Digital control gives better speed regulation.

3. Digital control gives faster response and flexibility.

4. It gives better time response and improved performance.

5. It has easy software control.

6. It is economical and reliable.

7. the greatest advantages of digital control is that by changing the program desired control technique can be implemented without any change in the hardware BLOCK DIAGRAM OF POWER SUPPLY

CIRCUIT

POWER SUPPLY Power supply is the first and most important part of our project. In the proposed project the power supply circuit is used to provide the regulated supply to the IC`s used in the project. Power supply circuit consists of step down transformer, rectifier circuit, filter circuit and regulator IC.

Step Down Transformer

Transformers are static device which convert the electrical energy from one circuit to another circuit without any change in frequency and power. Step down transformer means the transformer which reduces the supply voltage to the desired value. In our project we need 12 volt DC supply, therefore in this project 12-0-12, 500mA transformer is used.

Rectifier Circuit

Rectifier is a circuit which converts the AC electrical energy into Dc electrical energy. For operating of semiconductor devices used in this project we need regulated DC supply. In this project we use centre tap full wave rectifier. Full wave rectifier circuit is capable of converting sinusoidal input into a unidirectional output. The circuit diagram is as shown in the figure.

Filter Circuit

It is seen that the output of the rectifier is not pure DC, because it contain some amount of AC component which is called as ripple factor which gives the fluctuation and hence to minimize the ripple in the output the filter circuit is used. This circuit is connected after the rectifier circuit. In our project capacitor input filter is used. The circuit is as shown in the figure. The capacitor is connected in parallel to minimize the ripple factor.Regulator Circuit

In our project for the operation of IC we need +5 volt regulated supply is necessary therefore a voltage regulator circuit is used. A voltage regulator is a circuit that supplies constant voltages regardless of change in the load current. IC voltage regulators are versatile and generally used. The 7800 series consist of three terminal positive voltage regulators. These ICs are designed as fixed voltage regulator and adequate heat sink. It can be deliver output current in access of 1A. These devices do not required external component.

These ICs has internal terminal overload protection and internal short circuit and current limiting protection.

The first step is to transform the scenario into a system sketch, select an origin with X and Z coordinate directions. Also set up an I - K vector basis. Add appropriate notation.

For this jack, there are two independent vector paths from the ground (origin) to its top, D. Write both paths. Then since both paths go to the same place; equate them.

A scissor-type car jack is shown. Member BC is threaded. When it is rotated by the MOTOR driver, the distance |BC| shortens which in turn causes the top of the jack (with elevation, h) to move upward. The lead of the threaded bar BC is 0.1 cm/rev, meaning one rotation of the screw shortens the distance |BC| by 0.1 cm. Suppose, (in the position shown - dimensions given below), the driver rotates member BC at = 200 revolutions per minute. For the position shown, calculate the upward velocity of the top of the jack, point D.

A relay is an electrical switch that opens and closes under the control of another electrical circuit. In the original form, the switch is operated by an electromagnet to open or close one or many sets of contacts. It was invented by Joseph Henry in 1835. Because a relay is able to control an output circuit of higher power than the input circuit, it can be considered to be, in a broad sense, a form of an electrical amplifier.

TO LIFT VEHICLES.

TO LIFT HEAVY OBJECTS.

IT IS USED IN INDUSTRIAL PURPOSE.

Advantage

IT IS EASY TO USE.

NO HARD WORK REQUIRED

HEAVY WEIGHTS CAN EASLY LIFTED WITHOUT MAN POWER.

IT IS ALSO WORK USING BATTERY POWER.

IT REDUCES TIME AND MONEY.

PLANNING

We all know the best planning leads to the best results. So when we finalized our project it was a question from where to start? There are many directions but we had to choose the right one. This was starting the step of our project.

The first event we did was to go through many books, discussion, meeting, consultations & suggestions, satisfying the basic needs of client. After hard working we designed our circuit.

Now next task was procurement of material for that we listed firs the required parts & divided our team in four parts. The work was equally divided. As our project is hardware & software based so two of us were worked for software & other two were worked for hardware.

We had divided our project in following parts: -

a.Designing of actual material.

b.Procurement of material.

c.Layout of PCB.

d.Preparation of PCB.

e.Assembling of components & their maintaining.

f.Software Implementation.

g. Interfacing hardware with software.

h.Testing.

PCB DESIGNING

The name printed circuit board suggests that printing processes involved in drawing the artwork on the board. And printing processes are often used to transfer an image to a PCB.History of the PCB:-

In 1930s the technology for making a PC board was invented and name into use during 1945. Before that time circuits were constructed with point to point soldering component on an insulating board. But this is time consuming and bard to troubleshoot. Printed circuit board is a piece of art. The performance of an electronics circuit depends upon layout and sensing PCB.

PCB are used to route electrical urgent and signal through copper track while are firmly bonded to an insulating base. The base material used for PCB.Rules for Layout:-

PCB interconnects various electronics component by an interconnectivity pattern. The general considerations are:

1. Mechanical consideration: size, shape, mounting of PCB, etc.

2. User system consideration: that is whether for consumes or laboratory or industry etc.3. Electrical and electronics parameter such as impedance gain, electromagnetic coupling etc.

4. Easy of maintenance.

Art Work:-

For photographic reduction process the artwork should provide maximum contact between the portion to be each away and those to be left. Thus the art work should be generated on white sheet with black ink.

A polyester foil can also be used with sticking tape and prepare artwork but it is costly. Tracking paper may be used but it is not stable with temperature. Basic Methods of Preparing Artwork

Ink the drawing. The method is cheap. High quality water proof ink base is to be used.

Using black tape and sticking pattern.

Using red and blue transparent tape.Advantages of PCB:-

Advantages of PCB over normal wiring are as follows.

PCB is necessary for interconnection a large number of electronics component in a very small area with minimum parasitic wiring affects.

PCB is stable for mass production with less chances of wiring error.

Small component can be easily mounted on PCB.

Wiring micro phony is avoided.

Construction is neat, small and truly a work or art.

By using PCB, the electronic equipment becomes more reliable in size and less costly.

Disadvantages of PCB:-

Art work is a time consuming activity.

Art work requires skill and without designing a new board is not possible to make connection.

Etching of PCB:-

Etching is the process of chemically attacking and removing the unprotected copper from the copper plate to yield the desired conductor pattern. The most common enchant used in the industry is ferric chloride. The erotically anyone of the following solution can be used to make PCB.

1. ammonium per sulphate

2. chromic acid

3. cupric acid

4. ferric chloride

Method of etching includes tray rocking tank etching and spray etching. Out of there May rocking is the simplest one. This consist of the tray of Pyrex glass, attached to a powered rocking table is not available , rocking of the tray with etching solution and the plate can be done manually also.

Ferric chloride crystal of 500 gms are mix in water to make a total solution of 1 liter. During the etching process the connection weakens because the soluble cupric acid ferric ions precipitate out of the solution in the form of sludge that rends to settle on the bottom on the etching vat.

Ideal etching condition required that the enchant be related to the temperature of between 60 to 70.The copper plate is immersed in enchant solution with copper side up in the tray. Only one board should be etched at one time. As the table is rocked the unprotected copper is dissolves.

When etching is completed the resist material is remove by using lacquer thinner or acetic acid or petrol. After the board is infected and proved. It is ready for whole drilling, component mounting and soldering.

Drilling:-

Drilling is performed with the help of drilling machine. While doing drilling needles was change according to the required diameter of the hole is to be made.

Mounting:-

After drilling mounting of the component is done. On PCB respective component was placed imperfective holes and finally soldered.

After soldering the PCB was ready to be connected to the respective relays and supply. Before than wiring diagram areas draw which decide the external wire connection to the PCB

Assembling and testing of the total project:-

After testing and confirm the output of the individual circuit we connect all this circuit is as shown in the figure. When we make the circuit carefully connect all the connecting wire and to avoid loose connection soldered and check the continuity of the wires and tracks by the multimeter. And then give the supply to the input side of the circuit and checks all modes on output side of the circuit. After completing all modes and operation are works as per our assumption.

Hence it is said that proper assembling and testing plays an important role for success of the project.

TESTING Testing is the main event, which has its own importance in the electronics field. Testing is the process to find the output performance and fault of the circuit in the various forms. The main objective of the testing is to check the output performance as per our assumption.

The least carelessness may lead to the major fault in case of electronics circuit and it is depend upon the layout and design of the PCB. Printed circuit board are used to route electrical current and signal through the copper tracks which are primarily bounded to an insulating core.

For the testing of any electronics circuit some common steps are performed. These steps are as follows.

To check the main power source.

To tress out the circuit. In which following steps are followed.

1). The tracks are not open.

2).The distances between two tracks are sufficient to avoid capacitance.

3).The track linked with the other related tracks is proper or not.

4).The jumper which goes from one track to another track should not short with the tracks which are in between required two.

Thus by testing the tracks of the printed circuit board it helps the project for making successful. After testing copper tracks the component were tested with the help of instrument like multimeter, CRO, signal generator etc.

After mounting the component on the PCB the possibility of the dry soldering was checked to avoid the possibility of shorting those tracks as well as the tracks were checked individually to avoid the possibility of opening those tracks. This testing was carried out with the help of multimeter keeping in range of Ohm.

Testing of Power supply circuit:-

The entire components are tested with the help of millimeter. After testing of component we fix the component on the wet board. Now we give the supply to the transformer and input waveform is to be checked. This procedure is simultaneously carried out for Rectifier, Filter and Regulator circuit. We check the waveform but it is not according to our assumption, because the waveform is started and then it goes to decreasing. Due to this the output voltage is also decreases.APPLICATION1. it is used in industrial lifting machine.

2. it is used to save the human energy.

3. it is for remote lighting operating INPUT

AC

SUPPLY

STEP DOWN

TRANSFORMER

RECTIFIER

CIRCUIT

FILTER

CIRCUIT