.- CT-60

MIDDLEHAM CHAPEL before 1748

Apparently the initial stage of this cruciform struct­ure was of one story height under a hipped roof. At each end of the small transcepts were arched doors, now bricked in. In 1748 the roof was altered to that of its present gable form and the date 1748 set into the attic level of the west dacade in glazed headers. All walls below this level are of brick Flemish bond construction displaying a checker­ed pattern of glazed headers. All windows and door openings are headed by segmental arches of ~~ brick combined with glazed headers. The brick apse at the rear of the structure was added in later years. The existing window sash and interior detail dates from the early 19th. century.

b~11 A ~1 presented to Middleham Chapel by John Holdsworth

in 1699 is still in use.

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:~ "l'"' i~.J~l) UNI TEO STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTfRIO;~ f sTATE~ \.~ ... , .• (1·

77; l'IATIONAL PARK ~ERVIC( I

I Maryland ,COtHllV:

N.~ TlONAL RcGtSTER Of lllSTORIC f'LAC::S I

I Calvert INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM ~ FOR NPS USE ONLY

ATF

(Type? ~I I entries · complete apµlicablc ::;t:'c.::tions)

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_r-ticl_d).eham Qh9:i;iel A!llO· OH t-ilSTORIC;

Mi -=ini ,,,h~m ~h---,i. (Middleham Episcopal Chapel)

12. 1,.0CATION j Sl~EE.T ANClNUMBER1 H.G. Trueman Road

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' Lusby Fi ,...s;t 5TA1£ I CODE COUNTY: I CODIE

Maryland 20657 I 24 Calvert I 009 IJ. CLASSI Ft CA TIO ... ,, ··:: ,< ... ". .... ). i·< ;.·"' ,, .. "':- ·'.:( .. ,_\ ,:,,>

CATeGORY QWtffRSHIP STATUS

ACCESSIBLE (Chec:lr One) TO THE PUBLIC

0 Oiatrlct IX Build Ing 0 Public Public Acquisition: flt Occupied v .. : Cl Site 0 Structure (j) Pri'VQle 0 In Process D Unoccupied 0 Reatricted

0 Obie ct 0 Both 0 Being Considered 0 Pre .. rvotlon work ca UnrHtrlcted

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PR_IE.l_!t~-T !JSE (Check One or Hore •• A.pproprl•t•)

0 Agr iculturol 0 Govern-nt 0 Pork 0 Transportation 0 Co111111enU

C C0111111erciol D Industrial 0 Private Residence 0 Other (Spec/ly)

r1 Educotlonol 0 Military ~ Religious

ri Entertaln111ent 0 Muaeum 0 Scientific

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STREf.T ANO NUMBltA1 ~ ~

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0 E11cellent CC Good 0 Foir l..] DeteriotateJ [] Ruins 0 Une .. posed ·- CONDITION -----------·-- I (Cl•o<.:k On.,) (Ch•ck One)

~ Altered [] Unolt•r•d n Moved £la Original Sit•

OESC:RUIE THll; P!tl:'.lllo:lllT "NO ORIGINAL (If know,;JPHVSIC:AL APPIO:AHANCE

Middleham Chapel is situated on the east side of Md. Route 4, approximately one mile south of Lusby and seven miles north of Solomon's, Maryland. It is bounded on the west side by Md. Route 4, and on the north, south, and east sides by the "Cliffs of Calvert," a state park.

Situated within a small cemetery, it is a one story, cruciform u11d~ad, Flemish bond brick atructuro with cxpoLJod fieldstono foundations. The principal facade is at the west end and is three bays in width. The centrally placed entrance has double doors of six panels each and a wide flat architrave. The two flanking window openings frame stained one-over-one doublehung sash and have the same flat architrave as the door. All three openings have shallow segmental arches of alternating stretcher and header bricks with the lower headers glazed. Above at the ~ attic gable, can be seen the outline of two small windows that m were probably bricked in during an 1893 renovation. Between m these two former windows the date 1748 has been set into the gable walls with glazed headers (the Flemish bond brickwork of this facade is decorated with regularly placed glazed headers z up to the eaves level; fro~ that point up to the gable peak no ~ glazed headers are used). -t

Both side walls of this small building are three bays in length with small, centrally placed transepts. Originally the south transept was entered through an arched doorway, (its arched hoad higher and more pronounced than those of the windows and door of the central block) that is now bricked in. The north transept initially had an arched window that establishes the size of the original windows of the central block. Like the door of the south transept, the window has also been bricked in. Brick chimneys protruding from the roof of both transepts at the exposed ends provided for fonner wood stoves introduced during the 1893 renovation.

The existing gable roof, unbroken on either slope and with shallow projecting eaves and exposed rafter ends, was probably introduced as part of the 1893 renovations. Toward the west end of the roof ridge is a simple gable-roofed open belfry, un­doubtedly contemporary to the roof structure since it is of the ~~,,,~ g1?Jneral rlan. The belfry shelter~ <:t small cast iron bell bearing the date 1699 that was salvaged from an earlier frau1e ch~pcl which formerly stood on or nq,ar this same site. At the east end of the 1748 structure is a one story brick addition also built about 1893, which houses the present sanctuary, the sa~risty and the vesting room. •

(Sn~ Continuation Sneet No. 1)

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NATIONAL R~A~;~~~:t~; ~~·~~RIC ~LACES c~&~~Yl-_in_4 _ --

UNITED srATEs ot:PAfHl.lt:NT at- THI: 1Nn:111ori f~ .-" .~------- ------- ! -CJ:f ~-~c

INVENTORY • NOMl~ATION HH~M _..!:.' .l;o~c~r~~,-1\C: C'l~-y ~-~-I

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N0, 7 D2~~ri~tion (Continued)

'l'bc~ in teriol: of the church was completely renovated in 189 3 anc.l r ... ~c 10.::ts the tastes of that p~riod. '!'he ceiling, which ban~ly d.is..-:t~rnable structural evidence indicates had a central vault, is open to the roof ridge and has exposed stained sheathing b0~rds and framing rafters. The open pews with shaped Gothic­stylc end boards, the floors, windows, white marble altar, com­!:1unlon rai 1, a.nd the prayer desk and pulpit are a 11 con temporary to thu 1893 r~novation, althougl1 the last two are said to have b1.:~en fcU3hioned out of an eighteenth century altar table. As the iormar west ~nd galle~y was also removed ut that time there i~ nothing on the interior to reflect the actu.:il construction date of th~ building. There are, however, several eighteenth century hca.istones which were removed from the cemetery and set into the ~alls flanking the sanctuary during the renovation •

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fl . . SlGNIFICANCE PERIOD (Checlr One or More•• Approf>ll•to)

O Pre-Columbian: 0 16th Century

O 15th Century XX 17th Century

m 18th Century

Qa 19th Centwry

Cl 20th Century

--·-------------~~~~~'-1 SPECIFIC OATE:ISl (It Applicable and Known) 1 74R

AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Checl< One or More •• Appropriate)

Abor lginal 0 Education 0 Political 0 Urban Planning

0 Pre hi atoric 0 Engineering IX! Religion/Phi. 0 Other (S,..clly)

0 Historic CJ Industry losophy

[I Agricwltw,. L1 Invention II Stience

~ Arc hi tectwre 11 Landscape l I Sculpture

0 Art Architectwre Cl Soc 10 I/Human•

0 Commerce 0 Literature itorian

0 Communications r1 Military (j Theater

Cl Conaervotion u Muoic L 1 T ron•portat ion ___ " ____ STATEMENT OF 51GNIFICANCL

The present·Middleham Chapel was built in 1748 to replace an earlier frame or log structure believed to have been erected as early as 1684 as a Chapel of Ease of Christ Church Parish. I Advertisements requesting the services of a contractor were published as early as 1746 in the Maryland Gazette and build­ing was completed in l '1'48 at a cost of approximately 80, 000 pounds of tobacco. Existing church records indicate that the chapel was repaired in 1792 and again in 1893, although the extent and form of the 1792 repairs or renovations are unknown~ The earliest surviving artifact relatin~ to the seventeenth century history of the church still in use is a cast iron bell bearing the following inscription: "The Gift of John Holdsworth of Middleham (England) to Middleham Chapel, Anno Do 1699." John Holdsworth settled in Calvert County in 1678 and resided on a tract of land that was a portion of Lower Bennett on the Patuxent River. John Holdsworth's daughter, Ann, married John Bond, who built or enlarged the cruciform-shaped "Bond's Ca~~le" in upper Calvert County.

Middleham Chapel is the oldest standing example of ecc~esias­tical architecture in Calvert County and one of the earliest examples in Southern Maryland. It is certainly one of only a few ~hat retain their basic original exterior features, which at Middleham Chapel includes its cruciform plan and dated gable. ·Its history, setting, and attractively preserved state establishes it as a regional landmark worthy of recognition and continued maintenance.

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I 9, MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES

Stein, Charles Francis, A History of Calvert County, Maryland, Baltimore, 1960.

Archives of Middleham Chapel, Lusby, Maryland.

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--'---....,.------- ----------- R-- _(;>F_qi.~5 THAI::! TEN AC!'E~ --ICORNC:R LATITUDE LONGITUO~ LATITUDE LONGI TUOE

r:~-------- -- ----- --- --------- -Degrees Mi"utes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minute• Seconds Dog•••• Minutes Seconds

0 . . 0 . 38° 23 . 56 . 76 0 26 . 16 . I

NE 0 I . 0 . SE 0 . . 0 .

I c.w " . . 0 . Af'P~-~.'.~:'.~ ~~l.Ala:_o~~O~l~ATL!l P_ROPUHY: ___ 2a5 acres.---------------~---i

ILIST "LL STATES ANO COUNTIES FOR PROPLRTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES ------ .. ---·- -- - ---------- --STATE1 CODE COUNTY cc or ,,

------STATE; CODE COUNTY: COl)[

-STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE

ST•TE: CODE COUNTY: c:opc:

111. FORM PREPARE!O BY N.\ME ANO Tl TL..E:

J. Richard Rivoire c:::rlh QRi;;ANI Z.ATION

'

DATE

Marv 1 and His toric_al Tr_u=s_t.,, _____________ ~A=or:..:i=-=l=-.__.-1..,9c....._7'......_ 4-1 STREET ANO NU"4\IER:

2525 Riva Ro=a=d=------------r----------------r---1 CITY OR TOWN:

Annannlis I 12. STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERTIFICAl ION

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As the de11 ignated Staje Liai11on Officer for the Na-

t ion,11 Hiatorlc Pre11ervut ion A~·t of J llh6 (Public Luw

SQ·tm5), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion

in thr Nulional Re~ister and certify that it has h"l.'n

.. valuJt«J uccordinol, to the ~'"iteriu and proccd.t rl's set

f .irth by th<• Nat iona I Ptuk Service. The rt·comnll•mied

lo:vol of i;i._:nificancl' of thi!i nom1nat1on is:

NJtu111.ul l l Stale l .l I.on&! I I

I Nanto.' --------------------

Arthur c. Townsend

Tu~ State Historic Preservation Officer

Oct~~er~ __ l_9_7_4 _______ _

STATE C:Or>E

M;::irvl ;:inn '>A NATIONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION

I hereby certify that this property is included in thr

Nutionul ~l.'gister.

/lir•cfur. Ultice ol Archeolol1Y 1111d llleturic Pre••rv•tlnn

ATTEST:

Kcf'pt'IT of Tho Nutlnnu/ RnlliNtrr

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