Steps in Earthquake Proofing a Country - A Case Study of Myanmar
A Human Rights-Based Approach to Country Analysis: 3 Steps Session 5.
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Transcript of A Human Rights-Based Approach to Country Analysis: 3 Steps Session 5.
A Human Rights-Based Approach to Country Analysis:
3 Steps
Session 5
Session objectives
• Understand the value added of a HRBA in country analysis and UN programming
• Apply the HRBA to the analysis of real country development challenges in three basic steps: causal, role and capacity gap analysis
Road Map- Preparation process of
the UNDAF
Country Analysis- Review existing
analysis (assessment)
- UNCT supported analysis
- Identify UNCT comparative advantages
Strategic Planning
- Strategic priorities for UNDAF/ UNDAF Action
Plan
Programme Planning &
Implementation (Agency or Multi-Agency
Joint Programmes)
Monitoring & Evaluation
HRBA in UN Programming
- Linking rights to development challenges
- Patterns of discrim., inequality, and
exclusion
- Capacity gaps of RHs and DBs
Empowered rights-holders and accountable duty-
bearers contribute to the realization of human
rights
Strengthened capacities of rights-holders and duty-
bearers
Mechanisms for participation or RHs and
DBs in programe monitoring and evaluation
- Positioning human rights issues
- Inclusion of stakeholders
Human rights principles and
standards
Country AnalysisGATHERING INFORMATION
About development problems from existing sources, esp. national treaty reports and observations and
recommendations from treaty bodies
ANALYSISOf root causes &
their linkages
ASSESSMENTShortlist major development problems
for deeper analysis
Gender Mainstreaming and HRBA
• The human rights of women are an integral part of HRBA
• Non-discrimination is both a principle and a provision of the core international treaties, including CEDAW which is devoted exclusively to eliminating sex discrimination as a means to achieving gender equality.
• Development of benchmarks by data disaggregated by sex – and other (i.e. age, location, ethnicity and disability) and of indicators for measuring progress in the achievement of gender equality.
• It is common to find various forms of discrimination intersecting with gender and where they do there is need for sharper focus and targeting.
Analysis – in three
steps
Causality Analysis
1
Role Analysis
2
Capacity Gap
Analysis
3
Why?Which rights are at stake?
Who has to do something about it?
What do they need to take action?
Assessment Who has been left behind?
What is it?
• The essential first step for HRBA and RBM
• A technique for identifying causes of a problem which can then be used to formulate appropriate responses
• We can map the problem and its causes in the form of a
problem tree
Step 1: Causality AnalysisStep 1: Causality Analysis
CAUSALITY ANALYSIS
Manifestation
Immediate Causes
Underlying causes
Root Causes
Causes of a Problem
Problem TreeHigh incidence
of maternal mortality among rural women from
southern districts
Early pregnanciesInadequate obstetriccare services at the
community level
Contraceptive methodsseen as promoting Women infidelity
Little awareness of sexual and reproductive
rights
Insufficient public serviceaccountability and private sector
regulation
Gender discrimination
Poor planning and implementation capacity and little priority to maternal health
In the national budgetRootcausesRoot
causes
Underlyingcauses
Underlyingcauses
Immediatecauses
Immediatecauses
ManifestationsManifestations
Lack of sensibility and a civil service culture
Using the information from the case study…
Formulate the problem in terms of what is happening, to whom and where – write it on a card
Discuss and identify the immediate, underlying and root causes
Build a problem tree
Use the problem tree to identify the rights standards and principles that are not being fulfilled
Group Work: Causality analysis/problem tree
Group Work: Causality analysis/problem tree
HRBA to Analysis in three steps
Causality Analysis
1
Role Analysis
2
Capacity Gap
Analysis
3
Why?Which rights are at stake?
Who has to do something about it?
What do they need to take action?
Assessment Who is left behind?
Rights holders
Who are they?
What are their claims?
Duty bearers
Who are they?
What are their duties?
Rights holders
Who are they?
What are their claims?
Duty bearers
Who are they?
What are their duties?
Step 2: Role AnalysisStep 2: Role Analysis
Check what the human right standards say about their claims and duties
Check what the human right standards say about their claims and duties
Check also what role is expected from rights-holders & duty bearers in national laws, procedures and policies
Check also what role is expected from rights-holders & duty bearers in national laws, procedures and policies
Example: Right to Education
Rights Holder:
Children with disabilities
Claim: ensure access to quality primary and secondary education without discrimination
Capacity gaps:
Duty-bearer (1):
School Administration
Obligations: improve physical accessibility to classroom and toilets, ensure teachers attendance
Capacity gaps:
Duty-bearer (2):
Provincial Direction of Education
OBs.: carry out regular inspections in public and private schools and address individual complaints
Capacity gaps:
Duty Bearer (3):
Ministry of Education
OBs.: promote inclusive education policies, train teachers, adapt textbooks
Capacity gaps:
1. From your causal analysis, select one of the causes in which you want to focus on and highlight why you chose it
2. Identify a main right-holder and a critical claim
3. Identify the max. 3 duty-bearers who should do something about that claim and their most critical obligations
Group Work: Role Analysis Group Work: Role Analysis
Example: Right to Education
Rights Holder: Claim: Capacity gaps:
Duty-bearer (1): Obligations: Capacity gaps:
Duty-bearer (2): OBs.: Capacity gaps:
Duty Bearer (3): OBs.: Capacity gaps:
HRBA to analysis in three steps
Causality analysis
1
Role analysis
2
Capacity gap
analysis
3
Why?Which rights are at stake?
Who has to do something about it?
What do they need to take action?
Assessment Who is left behind?
Duty Bearers capacity elements:
Can?- Knowledge- Resources (human, technical and financial)- Organizational abilities
Want?- Responsibility/motivation /leadership
Should?- Authority
Rights-holders capacity elements:
Can?- Knowledge- resources- individual abilities
Want?- Security- motivation
Enabling environment- right to participate- Information- freedom of association and expression
Step 3: Capacity Gap AnalysisStep 3: Capacity Gap Analysis
Based on the role analysis
1. Go back to the right-holders claim and select the 2 to 3 most critical corresponding duty-bearers obligations
2. For each RH and DB, identify their key capacity gaps The things that prevent duty bearers from performing their roles and rights-holders from claiming their rights
3. List the key capacity gaps identified
Group Work: Capacity Gap Analysis
Group Work: Capacity Gap Analysis
Example: Right to Education
Rights Holder: Claim: Capacity gaps:
Duty-bearer (1): Obligations: Capacity gaps:
Duty-bearer (2): OBs.: Capacity gaps:
Duty Bearer (3): OBs.: Capacity gaps:
GalleryYour opportunity to “visit” other groups and give feedbackOrganise your 3 steps on the wall Choose one person to stay with your analysis to answer questions
– Causality Analysis: Is there a logical flow in the causality analysis and clarity of problems, particularly at lower level of framework?
– Role Analysis: Are the claims and obligations intuitive and presented in plain language – when you read an obligation can you imagine a corresponding action?
– Capacity Gaps: Is there sufficient attention to capacity gaps that address the lower levels of the framework – related to critical gaps in legal, institutional and policy and budgetary frameworks?
– Gender Dimension: How well does the analysis reflect the different ways that women and men experience the development challenge? Will the capacities address the root causes of gender inequality?
!! Remember to leave comments on post-it notes
What next?
Linking HRBA with RBM