A Guide to PLC (U Soe Tint) Rev 1.0

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Instrumentation EngineerJuly 2013

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The more you learn about PLCs, the more you will be able to solve other control problems. 3

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tcef; (1) PLC jzpfay:vmyHktaMumif;/ 8

tcef; (2) PLC udk jcHKiHkavYvmoHk;oyfjcif;/ 18 Size of PLC 20 PLC Architecture 22 Todays PLC applications 24

tcef; (3) PLC eJY control vkyfyHk taMumif;/ 30 PLC Hardware 32 PLC System 34 PLC wdkif;rSmyg0ifwJh tajccHtydkif; 5 ykdif; 35 Power Supply ykdif; 35 CPU ykdif; 36 Memory ykdif; 37 I/O Image Memory 39 Input Interface 43 Output Interface 46

(1) Relay Output 47 (2) Transistor Output 48 (3) TRIAC Output (SSR Output) 49

PLC Status Indicators and I/O Status Indicators 50 tcef; (4) PLC ukd wyfqiftoHk;jyKyHktaMumif;/ 52

Advised Installation Practices 55 Grounding (Earthing) 55 Personal Safety 57 PLC ukd vHkNcHKatmifxkyfykd;rI tqihfowfrSwfcsuf/ 59 IP eJY NEMA EIdif;,SOfcsuf/ 62 PLC Specification 63



tcef; (5) PLC Wiring jyKvkyfyHk/ 68 1/ Power Supply Wiring 68 2/ Input Wiring 70 3/ Output Wiring 87

1) Relay Output 87 2) Transistor Output 89 3) Triac Output 90

tcef; (6) Sink & Source taMumif;/ 94 tcef; (7) Fail- Safe taMumif;/ 102 tcef; (8) PLC rSm oHk;wJh Number System taMumif;/ 108

1) Decimal Number System (q,fvDpepfjzifha&wGufjcif;) 109 2) Binary Number System (ESpfvDpepfjzifha&wGufjcif;) 110 3) Octal Number System (&SpfvDpepfjzifha&wGufjcif;) 113 4) Hexadecimal Number System

(q,fhajcmufvDpepfjzifha&wGufjcif;) 114 5) BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) Number System

(q,fvDyHkpHeJY a&;om;xm;wJh ESpfvD pepfjzifh a&wGufjcif;) 115

tcef; (9) Boolean logic taMumif;/ 118 tcef; (10) PLC Program Overview 124

tcef; (11) PLC Basic Programming 128 Example program: 1 130 WPLSoft_V2.20.07 Software Installation 132 LD eJY User Program a&;NyD;wkdif; 145 Example program: 2 150 Example program: 3 152 SS2 Memory Map 157 Logical AND Function Program 160 Logical OR Function Program 163 Dominant-ON, Dominant-OFF 171 OFF-dominant Program 174 ON-dominant Program 178



tcef; (12) Scan Cycle taMumif;/ 180 Input Scan 182 Program Scan 183 Output Scan 183 PLC tvkyfvkyfyHkudk vG,fvG,frSwfxm;csif&if 203

tcef; (13) Programming Exercises 1 to 7 210 tcef; (14) PLC xJu Counter taMumif;/ 218

Up Counter 219 Latched Counter 221 Up/Down Counter 223

tcef; (15) PLC xJu Timer taMumif;/ 226 (1) ON-delay Timer Function 232 (2) OFF-delay Timer Function 232 (3) ON/OFF-delay Timer Function 233 (4) Single Pulse Output (Single Shot Timer) Function 234 (5) Delayed Single Pulse Output Function 234 (6) Pulse Train Output Function (Flashing Output) 235 (7) Timing Extension 236

tcef; (16) Program Summary 237 WPLSoft keyboard shortcuts 252

tcef; (17) Periodic Inspection and Preventive Maintenance 253 PLC System Maintenance 254 Troubleshooting the PLC Input Interface 255 Troubleshooting the PLC Output Interface 257 Terminology 259 Reference 268

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Omron PLC Example Programs 269 Siemens PLC Example Programs 276



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pufHkykdif&SifawGu PLC taMumif;ukd odxm;cJh&if rdrd&JUvkyfief;rSm tusdK;aus;Zl; ykd rsm;atmif pDrHaqmif&GufEkdifMuygr,f/ puftopfudk 0,f,lwnfaqmufwJh tcg Life Cycle Cost oufomatmif pOf;pm;wGufcsuf&mrSm taxmuftuljzpfapygw,f/ Life Cycle Cost qkdwm 0,f,lp&dwf? wyfqifp&dwf? Program p&dwf? xdef;odrf; p&dwf? tqifhjrifhwJh p&dwf eJY pufoufwrf;wavQmuf vnfywfoHk;pGJwJh p&dwf pkpkaygif; jzpfygw,f/ Oyrm? pufHkwpfck wnfaxmifawmhr,fqkd&if tJ'DpufrSm PLC ygcJh&if tpuwnf;u a&mif;oleJY 0,folMum; oabmwlnDrI,lwJhtcg? PLC eJY ywfoufNyD; ndEdIif;&r,fY tcsufawGukd jynhfjynhfpHkpHk odxm; zkdY vkdtyfygw,f/

PLC eJY ywfoufwJh documentation awGxJrSm Ladder Diagram (PLC Progarm) udk azmfjyay;&r,f qdkwmavmufawmh odoifhygw,f/ aemufNyD;awmh PLC udk Password eJY ydwfxm;vkdY &ygw,f/ Password rodcJh&if pufysufvkdYyJjzpfjzpf? pufukd wdk;csJUcsifvkdYyJjzpfjzpf program xJ0ifNyD; jyifcsif&if jyifvkdYr&awmhygbl;/ pufa&mif;wJhol Vendor ukdomtm;ukd;& awmhrSmjzpfygw,f/ 'DtcgrSmtcsdefvnf;ukef? aiGvnf; ykdukefwwf ygw,f/ Program udk Hard Copy (Print) xkwfNyD; tpuwnf;u PLC documentation awGxJrSm ay;xm;cJh&ifawmh em;vnfwwfuRrf;wJholu rl&if; PLC eJYyJ jzpfjzpf? oifhawmf&m PLC wpfrsdK;rsdK;eJYyJ jzpfjzpf program udk ul;a&;NyD; rdrd&JUpufudk qufvuf vnfywfEkdifygw,f/

vuf&SdwnfaqmufNyD;om; bdvyfajrpufHk? tcsdK&nfpufHk? aomufa&oefYpufHk? t&uf (bD,m) pufHk? aygifrkefY pufHk? pwJh vuf&SdpufHkwkdif; vkdvkdrSm PLC ukd toHk;jyKxm; Muygw,f/ vuf&Sdwm0efxrf;aqmifaeMuwJhpufHk;rSL;awG?refae*smawG? tif*sifeD,mawG[m PLC eJY qufpyfywfouf aeMu&ygw,f/

PLC taMumif; rSefrSefuefuef awG;qodjrifMuapzkYd 'DpmtkyfrSm a&;om;azmfjy xm; ygw,f/ PLC rygbJeJY Computer rSm PLC program udk a&;NyD; Simulate vkyfMunhfEkdifwJh WPLSoft qkdwJh Software udk tcrJh &,lEkdifwJh Website ukdvnf; azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/



Simulate vkyfwwfzkdY? Program a&;wwfzkdY? udkvnf; wqifhNyD;wqifh tao;pdyf a&;om; azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/ wu,fwrf; PLC ukd avhvmwJhtcg t"du tm;xm; &rSm uawmh PLC udk xkwfvkyfwJh rl&if;ukrPD OEM (Original Equipment Manufacture) &JU Specification awG? User Manual awG? Operation Manual awG? Programming Manual awG? yJjzpfygw,f/

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'DpmtkyfrSm PLC jzpfay:vmyHk? PLC &JU tajccHwnfaqmufyHk? PLC &JU trltusifh? PLC &JU oabmobm0? PLC Program a&;om;enf;? a&;NyD;om; Program udk t"dyg,f azmfenf;? Program udk tjypf&SmjyKjyifenf; pwmawGudk em;vnfatmif? vG,fulatmif yHkawG eJY yl;wGJ azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/

'DpmtkyfrSma&;jyxm;wmawGudk zwfNyD;? rSwfom;? pOf;pm;? vufawGYvkyfMunfhzd k Y ? txl; wdkufwGef;ygw,f/

wdkufwGef;wJhtwdkif; vkyfMunfhMur,f qdk&if? PLC eJY tuRrf;w0if r&Sdao;olawG? PLC eJY rvGJraoG oufqkdif? ywfouf&awmhr,fYolawG? PLC eJY &ifqkdif awGUBuHKae&NyD; PLC taMumif; ususee? (usMueP) **ee? (*CeP) aoaocsmcsm? odcsifaeMuolawG? vQyfppf tif*sifeD,mawG? pdwf0ifpm;olawGtm;vHk;twGuf tusdK;&SdwJhpmtkyf jzpfvdrfhr,fvkdY ,HkMunfygw,f/

tBuHwl? OmPfwl&if? aemufvlompNrJ jzpfwmrkdY? 'DpmtkyfukdzwfNyD; PLC taMumif; ykdaumif;atmif a&;EkdifolawG? rsm;rsm;ay:xGuf vmygapvkdU qkrGefaumif;awmif;vsuf? oifq&m? jrifq&m? Mum;q&m? tm;vHk;wkdU&JU *kPfaus;Zl;udk &nfrSef; *g&0jyK OD;Twf vkdufygw,f/ U Soe Tint Instrumentation Engineer AGTI (EC) Mandalay 1969 [email protected]


tcef; (1) PLC jzpfay:vmyHktaMumif;/ PLC ( Programmable Logic Controller ) qkdwm Machine Control eJY Process Control

awGrSmoHk;zkdY txl;pDrHxkwfvkyfxm;wJh pufrIvkyfief;oHk;uGefysLwm Industrial Computer wrsdK;jzpfygw,f/ Automation vkdY ac:wJh tvkdtavsmuf xdef;ausmif; armif;ESifwJhpepf Automatic Control System rSm PLC udk oHk;Muygw,f/ Automatic Control System rSm pufrIvkyfief;oHk;pufkyf Industrial Robot awGudk PLC ray:aygufcifuwnf;u toHk;jyK aeMuNyD jzpfygw,f/

Figure 1. pufrIvkyfief;oHk;pufkyf Unimate Robot

1954 ckESpf? U.S Patent No. 2988237 eJY rSwfyHkwifxm;wJh Unimate vkdY ac:wJh Robot udk George Devol u wDxGifcJhwmjzpfygw,f/



Figure 2. pufrIvkyfief;oHk;pufkyf Unimate Robot

General Motors Corporation &JU armfawmfum;xkwfvkyfwyfqifwJh vrf;aMumif; assembly line ay:rSm spot welding vkyfzkdYeJY oH&nfusdK oGef;avmif;xm;wJh pufypnf;awG? um;udk,fxnfawGudk csDro,fykd;? ykdYaqmif? ae&mcsxm; zkdYtwGuf Unimate Robot ukd 1962 ckESpfrSm pwiftoHk;jyKcJhygw,f/

1961 ckESpfuwnf;u puLpufHk eJY a&eHcsufpufHkawGrSm Computer ukd toHk;jyKNyD; ukefypnf;awG? xkwfvkyfaeMuNyD jzpfygw,f/



Figure 3. 1961 ckESpfu IBM 1710 Computer

yHkrSmjyxm;wJh IBM1710 Computer udk oHk;NyD; xkwfukeft&nftaoG; jrifhrm;atmif aqmif&GufcJhMuygw,f/ tJ'Dacwf? tJ'Dtcgu Computer [m yHkrSmawGU&wJhtwdkif; t&G,f tpm; BuD;rm;ygw,f/ tyltat;ajymif;vJwJh'Pfukdvnf; rcHEdkifygbl;/ zHk0ifvkdYr&ygbl;/

'gaMumifh Computer udk yHk (Figure 4) rSm jyxm;wJhtwkdif; txl;pDrHjyKvkyf xm;wJh tcef;? Computer Room xJrSm xm;&ygw,f/



Figure 4. Computer Room'DtcuftcJawGukd ausmfvTm;EkdifzkdY? Computer awGxuf tMurf;cHNyD; pufHk? tvkyfHk

awG&JUobm0ywf0ef;usifrSm aumif;aumif;tvkyfvkyfEkdifwJh PLC udk wDxGifzkdY BudK;pm;vmMu ygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd BudK;pm;MuolawGxJu PLC udk atmifjrifatmif taumiftxnf azmfEkdifNyD; vufawGUtoHk;csvkdY&wJh Modicon 084 vkdY emrnfay;xm; wJh PLC udk Richard Morley u pwifxkwfvkyfcJhygw,f/ Richard Morley udk Dick Morley vkdYvnf; ac:Mu ygw,f/ olUukd Father of PLC vkdY todtrSwfjyKMuygw,f/



Figure 5a. Richard Morley [ Father of PLC ]

Figure 5b. Historical photo showing from left to right: Dick Morley, Tom Boissevain, Modicon 084 PLC, George Schwenk, and Jonas Landau.



Figure 6. 1968 ckESpfu xkwfvkyfwJh Modicon 084 PLC

yxrqHk; xkwfvkyfwJh PLC udk Modicon 084 vkdY trnfay;&wmuawmh Bedford Associates &JU 84 ck?ajrmuf Project jzpfvkdY jzpfygw,f/




PLC ukdxkwfvkyfzkdY tNydKifBudK;pm;MuwJh ukrPD av;ck &Sdygw,f/

tJ'D ukrPDawGuawmh 1/ Information Instruments, Inc. (aemuf 1ESpfMumwJhtcg Allen Bradley &JU tykdif

jzpfoGm;ygw,f) 2/ Digital Equipment Corp (DEC) 3/ Century Detroit eJY 4/ Bedford Associates wkdY jzpfMuygw,f/ Bedford Associates &JU tif*sifeD,mwpfOD;jzpfwJh Richard Morley [m PLC rSm yg&

r,fh tcsuftvuf tao;pdyfudk 1968 ckESpf? Zefe0g&Dv? 1&ufaeY? rSm tNyD;owfa&;qGJ owfrSwf EkdifcJhygw,f/ olU&JU U.S Patent No. u 3761893 jzpfygw,f/

Bedford Associates &JU tif*sifeD,mrsm;jzpfMuwJh

1/ Richard Morley 2/ Mike Greenberg 3/ Jonas Landau 4/ George Schwenk eJY 5/ Tom Boissevain wkdY ig;OD;[m PLC xkwfvkyfzkdYtwGuf Modicon qkdwJh ukrPD

topfudk wnfaxmifcJhygw,f/ Modicon qkdwJhemrnfuawmh Modular Digital Controller vkdY t"dyg,f&ygw,f/

Modular type PLC xkwfvkyfzkdY&nf&G,f BudK;pm;tm;xkwfcJhMuwm jzpfygw,f/ vkyfaqmifcsuf Function wpfrsdK;udk Unit wpfck? Board wpfck? Module wpfck? tjzpf wnfaqmufxm;cJh&if ysufvkdYjyif&wJhtcgrSm ysufwJh module ukdom topfeJY tpm;xkd;vJvS,f &wmjzpfvkdY vG,ful ygw,f/ tcsdefukefoufomygw,f/

armfawmfum;xkwfvkyfwJh General Motors Corporation u tif*sifeD,mawG[m ESpfpOf armfawmfum; Model ajymif;vJxkwfvkyfwJhtcgwkdif; awGUBuHKaeMu&wJh tcuftcJukd ajyvnfzkdY enf;vrf;&SmazGaeMuygw,f/ tJ'Dtcgu Automation system udk relay logic eJY wnfaqmufMuygw,f/ ta&twGuf&meJYcsDNyD;yg0ifwJh relay awGudk armfawmfum; armf',f topf ajymif;wkdif; 0g,mqufoG,frItopf jyefvkyf&ygw,f/

tJ'DtwGuf vkyf&ukdif&wmcufcJNyD; tifrwef tcsdefukefygw,f/ vkyf&ukdif&wm vG,fulNyD; 'DxufoufomwJh enf;vrf;udk &SmBuHaeMuwJh tcsdefrSm Bedford Associates u PLC udk xkwfvkyfawmhr,fqkdwmudk Mum;awmh 0,fcsifwJhtaMumif; General Motors u p wif urf;vSrf;vmygw,f/

OD;pd k;wifh PLC vrf;nTef yxrtokwftjzpf a':vm 1oef;zkd;0,f,lzkdY oabmwlnDrI&Muygw,f/ yxrqHk;

PLC jzpfwJh Modicon 084 udk 1969 ckESpf Ekd0ifbmvrSm General Motors u pwifvufcH&&Sd toHk;jyKcJhygw,f/ oHk;&wmtqifajyvkdY aemufxyf a':vm 1oef;zkd;ukd General Motors u xyfrH 0,f,ljyefygw,f/ PLC rlykdifcGifh OEM (Original Equipement Manufacturer) ukdvnf; General Motors u &,loGm;ygw,f/

1977 ckESpfrSm Modicon ukd Gould Electronics u vTJajymif;&,lNyD; PLC ukd qufvuf xkwfvkyfygw,f/ tJ'Daemuf *smrefukrPD wpfckjzpfwJh AEG u Modicon udk qufvuf vTJajymif;&,lygw,f/

1997 ckESpfrSm Modicon ukd jyifopfukrPD wpfckjzpfwJh Schneider Electric u qufvuf vTJajymif;&,ljyefygw,f/ Modicon &JU OEM u ,aeYtcsdefxd Schneider jzpfae ygw,f/

Figure 7. 1973 ckESpfu xkwfvkyfwJh Modicon 184 PLC

1973 ckESpfrSm Michael Greenberg u yHkpHxkwfwJh Modicon 184 ukd xyfrH xkwfvkyfcJhygw,f/

1975 ckESpfrSm Modicon 284 ukd microprocessor oHk;NyD; xkwfvkyfcJhygw,f/


OD;pd k;wifh PLC vrf;nTef Modicon 084 rSmwHk;u logic function yJ ygygw,f/ aemufykdif;xkwfwJh PLC awG

usrS ocFsmwGufcsufrIjzpfwJh taygif;? tEkwf? tajrmuf? tpm;? ukd xyfxnhfygw,f/ tJ'DaemufrSm Subroutine udkxyfxnhfygw,f/ 1970 ckESpf? ESpfv,frSmxkwfvkyfwJh PLC rSm MIPS processor (MIPS : Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages) ESpfvHk;ukd oHk;xm;ygw,f/ Memory u 128 kilo bytes &Sdygw,f/ tJ'Dacwf tJ'Dtcg rSmawmh xl;jcm;aumif;rGefwJh t&nftaoG;jzpfygw,f/ 1971 ckESpfrSm Allen Bradley u olU&JU yxrOD;qHk; PLC jzpfwJh Bulletin 1774 ukd xkwfvkyf ygw,f/

Figure 8. 1971 ckESpfu xkwfvkyfwJh Allen Bradley &JU yxrqHk; PLC, Bulletin 1774


OD;pd k;wifh PLC vrf;nTef 1977 ckESpfrSmxkwfvkyfwJh Allen Bradley PLC rSm 8080 microprocessor udk pwif

toHk;jyKcJhygw,f/ PLC udk pwifxkwfvkyfpOftcgu PC (Programmable Controller) vkdY ac:wGif cJhMuygw,f/ 1980 ckESpf Personal Computer awG toHk; wGifus,fvmwJh tcgrSm PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) vkdY ajymif;vJ ac:a0:vmMuygw,f/ PLC qkdwm Allen Bradley u ay;cJhwJh emrnfjzpfygw,f/ 1985 ckESpfrSm Rockwell Automation u Allen Bradley ukd 0,f,lvkdufwJhtwGuf tcktcgrSm PLC [m Rockwell Automation &JU Trade Mark jzpfaeygw,f/




tcef; (2) PLC udk NcHKiH kavYvmoHk;oyfjcif;/ PLC qkdwmudk wkdwkd&Sif;&Sif;ajym&&if pufrIvkyfief;awGrSm oHk;zkdY txl;wDxGifxm;wJh

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Relay awGukdtoHk;jyKNyD; zG JUpnf;xm;wJh control system eJY PLC udktoHk;jyKNyD;

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#2 Relay System udk toHk;jyKNyD; xkwfukefypnf; wyfqif xkwfvkyfwJhtcg ypnf; trsdK;tpm; Model ajymif;vJxkwfvkyfwkdif; wiring topfvkyf&wm cufcJNyD; tcsdef Mumygw,f/ uRrf;usifrIvnf; txl;vkdtyfygw,f/

PLC System udk oHk;vkdufwJhtcgrSmawmh xkwfvkyfrIyHkpH model ajymif; csif&if PLC program ukd ajymif;a&;vkdufHkeJY NyD;oGm;ygw,f/ qufoG,fxm;NyD;om; 0g,mawGudk jzKwfp&m? jyifqufp&m? rvdkygbl;/ Wire topfxyfrH qufoG,fcsif&ifvnf; tvG,fwul xyfwkd;vkdY &ygw,f/ tcsdefukef oufomygw,f/



#3 Relay system rSm pufwpfvHk; twGuf relay panel wpfck vdktyfygw,f/ rsdK;wlpuf

ESpfvHk; twGuf relay panel ESpfckrSm wiring ESpfcg vkyf&ygw,f/ Panel wiring vkyfwkdif; rSm;Ekdifygw,f/ tcsdef ESpfq Mumygw,f/

PLC system rSmawmh pufwpfvHk;rSm PLC wpfck wyfqif&ygw,f/ puf ESpfvHk; twGuf PLC ESpfck oHk;xm;&ayr,hf PLC program wpfckudk a&;xm;NyD;&if rsdK;wlpuf tvHk;aygif;rsm;pGmtwGuf tJ'D program udkyJ PLC awGxJrSm a&;xnhfwm download udk vkyfvkdufHkyJjzpfygw,f/ tifrwef vG,fulygw,f/ tcsdefukefrsm;pGm oufomyg w,f/

tckacwfrSmxkwfvkyfMuwJh PLC awG&JU pGrf;aqmifEkdifrIu tifrwefjrihfrm;aeNyD jzpfygw,f/ tjcm; control system awGeJY? PLC eJY? qufoG,fajymqkdrI communicate vkyfEkdif MuNyD jzpfygw,f/ ukefxkwfvkyfrI tpD&ifcHpm production report awG? vkyfief;pDrH aqmif&Guf rI scheduling production awG? rSm;wJhae&mudk xkwfazmfjywJh error report awG? apmifhMuyf MunhfIrI self diagnosis awGudk PLC u vkyfukdifaqmif&GufEkdifMuNyDjzpfygw,f/

PLC eJY control vkyfxm;wJh ukefxkwfvkyfief;pOf&JU jzpfay:ajymif;vJrIukd aeY&uf? tcsdef? em&D? eJYwuG aemufaMumif;jyef ajc&maumufMunhfvkdY &Ekdifygw,f/ BudKwifpDrH umuG,fxdef;odrf;rI Preventive Maintenance twGuf ta&;ygwJh tcsuftvuf data awG udk PLC system u &,lpkaqmif;ay;Ekdifygw,f/ PLC eJY HMI ukd qufoG,fNyD; PLC u vwfwavmaqmif&GufaewJh tajctaeawGukd kyfyHkawG? Z,m;awG? eJY HMI ay:rSm azmfjy Ekdifygw,f/ HMI ay:rSm zefwD;a&;qGJxm;wJh softbutton awGudk oHk;NyD; PLC &JU program xJu setting awGudk ajymif;vJvkdY &ygw,f/ HMI (Human Machine Interface) ukd Operator Interface vkdYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ MMI (Man Machine Interface) vkdYvnf; ac:ygw,f/

SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Aquisition) eJY DCS (Distributed Control System) awGvkd tqifhjrifhwJh control system awGtxd wufvSrf;EkdifzkdYtwGuf tajccHaumif; awG&Sdxm;zkdY vkdtyfygw,f/ PLC ukd Computer tjzpf IjrifNyD;avhvmrSom tajccHaumif; awG &&SdvmrSmjzpfygw,f/ PLC twGuf tajccHtkwfjrpfaumif;jzpfatmif 'DpmtkyfrSm BudK; pm;NyD;a&;om;azmfjyxm;ygw,f/ PLC vrf;Tef A Guide to PLC vkdY 'Dpmtkyfudk emrnfay; xm;wJhtwkdif; enf;ay;vrf;TefjyrSm jzpfygw,f/

PLC ukd tckrS pwif avhvmr,hf olawGtwGuf &nf&G,fNyD;vG,fatmif? &Sif;atmif a&;om;xm;ygw,f/



PLC rSm ESpfrsdK; ESpfpm;&Sdygw,f/

1 / Modular PLC trsdK;tpm;eJY 2 / Compact PLC trsdK;tpm;wkdY jzpfMuygw,f/

1 / Modular PLC qkdwmu power supply module u wpfck? memory yg0ifwJh CPU

module u wpfck? Input module u wpfck? Output module u wpfck? tJ'D wpfckcsif;pDjzpfwJh module awGudk atmufcHjym; backplane ay:rSm wwfqifvkdufawmhrS PLC wpfvHk; jzpfvm ygw,f/

2 / Compact PLC qkdwmuawmh tJ'D module wpfckcsif;pD&JU function awGtm;vHk; yg0ifatmif pkpnf;NyD; yHk;cGH enclosure wpfckxJrSm xnhfoGif;wnfaqmufxm;wJh PLC rsdK;jzpf ygw,f/ Compact PLC ukd Integrated PLC, Micro PLC, Monolithic PLC, All in one PLC vkdYvnf; ac:Muygw,f/

PLC rSmyg&SdwJh Input eJY Output ukd aygif;NyD; I/O vkdY ac:ygw,f/ PLC &JU size tBuD; tao;ukd I/O ta&twGufeJY owfrSwfygw,f/ PLC taMumif;a&;om;azmfjywJh catalog pmtkyfawGrSm input (I) eJY output (O) ukd waygif;wnf;a&wGufxm;wJh I/O ta&twGufudk azmfjyavh&Sdygw,f/ Oyrm? input 8 ckeJY? output 6 ckygwJh PLC ukd I/O 14 ckvkdY PLC &JU size ukd a&;om;azmfjyygw,f/

Size of PLC

PLC &JU t&G,ftpm; tBuD;tao;udk Input eJY Output ESpfckaygif; ta&twGufeJY cGJjcm; owfrSwfMuygw,f/

I/O ta&twGuf 15 ck txdukd Nano PLC I/O ta&twGuf 32 ck txdukd Micro PLC I/O ta&twGuf 128 ck txdudk Small PLC I/O ta&twGuf 1024 ck txdudk Medium PLC I/O ta&twGuf 4096 ck txdukd Large PLC I/O ta&twGuf 8192 ck txdudk Very Large PLC vkdY ac:Muygw,f/

'DaeY acwfrSmawmh Large PLC eJY Very Large PLC awGukd toHk;rjyKMuawmhygbl;/ Medium size PLC txdukdom Process Control System awGrSm DCS pepf Distributed Control System eJY wGJzufNyD; network csdwfquf toHk;jyKMuygw,f/ toHk;trsm;qHk; uawmh Micro PLC jzpfygw,f/ I/O wkd;csJUvkdY&wJh Micro PLC awGukd Machine Control rSma&m? Process Control rSmyg toHk;jyKMuwmukd awGU&ygw,f/


Communication Module

Microprocessor

Input Module

External Computer

Programmable Logic Controller Architecture

PLC

Output Module Actuator Process

Sensor

yHkrSm azmfjyxm;wmu PLC ukd Process control rSm toHk;jyKxm;wJh Function Block yHk

jzpfygw,f/ wm0efcGJa0,lrIudk azmfjywmjzpfygw,f/ User Program (Application Program) udk Personal Computer eJY a&;NyD; PLC xJ xnhfxm;&ygw,f/ PLC xJu memory rSm a&;rSwfxm;wmjzpfygw,f/ Input eJY Output ukd tJ'D user program u qufoG,fay;NyD;? PLC &JU Output u Actuator awGudk ckdif;apygw,f/ Process &JU vuf&Sdjzpfay:aewJh tajctaeudk Sensor awGu apmifhMunfhNyD;? PLC ukd owif;ykdYygw,f/ &&SdvmwJh owif; tcsuftvufawGudk toHk;jyKNyD; user program u ckdif;wJhtwkdif; Microprocessor u aqmif &Guf ygw,f/

PLC &JU Input Field Devices awGudkNcHKiHkNyD; Sensors vkdY ac:wmjzpfygw,f/

Sensor qkdwmu physical condition udk electric signal jzpfatmifajymif;ay;wJh device wkdif;udk NcHKac:wmjzpfygw,f/

'DvkdygyJ PLC &JU Output Field Devices awGukd NcHKiHkNyD; Actuators vkdY ac:ygw,f/

Actuator qkdwmu electric signal udk physical condition jzpfatmif ajymif;ay;wJh device wkdif;udk ac:wmjzpfygw,f/



Power Supply

Communication Module

Microprocessor + Memory

Analogue Input (AI) Module

Discrete Output (DO) Module

Discrete Input (DI) Module

Analogue Output (AO) Module

Analogue Sensor

Discrete Sensor

Analogue Actuator

Discrete Actuator

Operator Workstation

Programmable Logic Controller Architecture

PLC

PLC &JU I/O type u ESpfrsdK;ESpfpm; &Sdygw,f/ Discrete I/O eJY Analog I/O wkdY jzpfMuyg

w,f/ Electric signal rSm discrete signal eJY analog signal qkdNyD; signal trsdK;tpm;? ESpfrsdK;

&Sdygw,f/ Discrete signal udk digital signal vkdYvnf; ac:Muygw,f/

Discrete signal qdkwmu signal &SdwJh? taetxm; ON state eJY signal r&SdwJh? tae txm; OFF state qkdwJh tajctae ESpfrsdK;om&SdwJh signal trsdK;tpm;jzpfygw,f/ PLC rSm discrete dc input eJY discrete ac input qkdNyD; discrete input type ESpfrsdK; &Sdygw,f/

Analog signal qkdwmuawmh tjywftawmufr&SdbJ wqufwpyfxJ ajymif;vJaewJh signal rsdK; jzpfygw,f/ PLC rSm toHk;rsm;wJh analog signal awG uawmh 0 to 20 mA dc, 4 to 20 mA dc eJY 0 to 10 Vdc signal awG jzpfMuygw,f/ Analog signal rSm ac signal r&Sdygbl;/ PLC rSm analog ac signal udk roHk;ygbl;/

Discrete input ukd DI vkdY a&;NyD; discrete output udk DO vkdY a&;ygw,f/ Analog input ukd AI vkdY a&;NyD; analog output udk AO vkdY a&;xm;ygw,f/



PLC eJY qufoG,ftoHk;jyKwJh Discrete sensor awGuawmh

Pushbuttons, Selector switch, Motor starter contacts, Relay contacts, Thumbwheel switch, Limit switch, Photoelectric eyes, Proximity switches, Liquid level switch, Temperature switch, Pressure switch pwmawG jzpfMuygw,f/

PLC eJY qufoG,ftoHk;jyKwJh Discrete actuator awGuawmh

Lamps, Alarms, Fans, Horns, buzzers, Control Relays, Magnetic contactors (MC), Solenoid valves (SV), Motor starters, pwmawG jzpfMuygw,f/

PLC eJY qufoG,ftoHk;jyKwJh Analog sensor awGuawmh

Thermocouple (TC), RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector), Pressure Transducer, Load Cell pwmawG jzpfMuygw,f/

PLC eJY qufoG,ftoHk;jyKwJh Analog actuator awGuawmh

Analog meters, Valve Positioners, Motor Drives (Frequency Inverter), Servo Drives pwmawGjzpfMuygw,f/


OD;pd k;wifh PLC vrf;nTef 'DaeYacwf PLC eJYvkyfaqmifaeMuwJh vkyfief;tcsdKUukd atmufrSmazmfjyvkdufygw,f/

Todays PLC applications Aluminum making Assembly machines

Amusement park control Building automation

Burner control Car manufacturing plant

Chemical plants Conveyor systems

Cranes Electro-plating plants

Factory automation Food-processing plants

Material handling Off-shore drilling

Plastic injection molding machines Packaging machine

Paper and pulp industries Pick and place robot control

Pump station control Pipeline pump station control

Plant power system Precast concrete industries

Semiconductor manufacturing machines Storage and retrieval systems

Steel mills Tobacco industries

Tire manufacturing TV manufacturing plant

Water treatment Warehouse automation

Modern Control Room




tcef; (3) PLC eJY Control vkyfyH k taMumif;/ PLC eJY control vkyfwmESpfrsdK;&Sdygw,f/ Machine control eJY process control vkdY ac:

ygw,f/ Machine control qkdwmu pufudkxdef;ausmif;ay;wm jzpfygw,f/ ykvif;xJ t&nf

jznfhwJhpuf filling machine ukd control vkyfwmrsdK;? ykvif;awGudk 6 ykvif; 1 xkyf? xkyfwJhpuf packaging machine ukd control vkyfwmrsdK;? yvyfpwpfypnf;awG yHkoGif;? xkwfvkyfwJhpuf plastic injection molding machine ukd control vkyfwmrsdK;awGukd machine control vdkY ac:wm jzpfygw,f/

Process control qkdwmrSmygwJh process qdkwmu t&m0wKwpfckudk kyfqif; oPmef tm;jzpfap? physically 'grSr[kwf? "gwkzGJUpnf;yHktm;jzpfap? chemically ajymif;vJ atmif vkyfaqmifwmukd process vkdY ac:ygw,f/

Oyrm? *sHKrIHUukd aygifrkefYjzpfatmifvkyfwm ukdvnf; process vkdY ac:ygw,f/ BuHuae oMum;jzpfatmifvkyfwm ukdvnf; process vkdY ac:ygw,f/ acsmif;a&? jrpfa&ukd oHk;a&? aomufa&jzpfatmifvkyfwm udkvnf; process vkdY ac:ygw,f/ a&&,f? av&,f? obm0 "gwfaiGU&,f oHk;rsdK;udk aygif;pyfNyD; Urea "gwfajrMoZm jzpfatmifvkyfwm ukdvnf; process vkdY ac:ygw,f/ ukefxkwfenf;pOfvkdY ajymvkdY&r,fxifygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd ukefxkwfvkyf wJh process ukd control vkyfwmukd process control vkdY ac:wmjzpfygw,f/

PLC qkdwm[m Machine control eJY Process control pepfawGrSm oHk;zkdY jyKvkyfxm;wJh Special Computer jzpfygw,f/ TefMum;csuf Program awG a&;oGif;NyD; ckdif;apvkdY &wJh Industrial (Computer ) Controller jzpfygw,f/

Control vkyfw,fqkdwm &nfrSef;csuf NyD;ajrmufatmif xdef;ausmif;ay;wm jzpfyg w,f/ xdef;ausmif;wJh tvkyfukd vkyfEkdifzdkY Controller wkdif;ukd power ay;oGif;&ygw,f/ PLC udkvnf; power ay;oGif;&ygw,f/

TefMum;xm;wJh TefMum;csufawGudk odrf;xm;zkdY PLC rSm memory yg&Sd&ygw,f/ ckdif;xm;wJh TefMum;csufawGukd ukdifwG,faqmif&GufwJh A[kduGyfuJa&;ykdif; CPU (central processing unit) vnf; PLC rSm yg&Sd&ygw,f/ Signal t0ifykdif; (input ykdif;) eJY signal txGufykdif; (output ykdif;) wkdYvnf; PLC rSm yg&Sd&ygw,f/


Block diagram of PLC




PLC Hardware PLC rSm trsdK;tpm; ajrmufjrm;pGm &SdMuygw,f/ b,f PLC rSmyJjzpfjzpf wire qufvdkY

&wJh ikwf terminal awG yg&SdMuygw,f/ tJ'gawGuawmh Power supply terminal, Input terminal, Output terminal eJY Programming Port wdkY jzpfMuygw,f/

PLC qdkwmu program a&;oGif;xm;rS cdkif;apvdkY&wJh Controller jzpfygw,f/ PLC wpfvHk;udk awGUwJhtcg b,fupNyD; odatmifvkyf&rvJqdkwmudk tvG,frSwfvdkY

&atmif azmfjyygr,f/ PLC qdkwm Computer wpfrsdK;jzpfwmrdkYvdkY PLC rSm hardware a&m? software yg? yg&Sdyg

w,f/ yxrqHk; avhvm&rSmuawmh

Power Supply and I/O Type and Size vdkY jzpfygw,f/

Power supply &JU type, Power supply &JU size; Input &JU type, Input &JU size; eJY Output &JU type, Output &JU size; wdkY jzpfMuygw,f/

PS & I/O; Type & Size vdkY rSwfxm;yg/

PLC &JU hardware udk avhvmwJhtcg PS & I/O wdkY&JU type eJY size udk odatmif t&if vkyf&rSm jzpfygw,f/

PS &JU type qdkwm tJ'D PLC udk AC power ay;&rSmvm;? DC power ay;&rSmvm;? qdkwmudk cGJjcm;odzdkY ajymwmjzpfygw,f/

PLC &JU Power supply terminal rSm AC voltage ay;&wJh PLC &Sdovdk? DC voltage ay;&wJh PLC vnf; &Sdygw,f/

PS &JU size qdkwmuawmh AC power qdk&if 220V vm;? 100V vm;? DC power qdk&if 24V vm;? qdkwm cGJjcm;odzdkY ajymwm jzpfygw,f/

AC power ay;&wJh PLC awGrSm 100VAC udk power supply tjzpf qufay;&wJh PLC u wpfrsdK;? 220VAC udk power supply tjzpfqufoG,fay;&wJh PLC u wpfrsdK;? 100VAC a&m? 220VAC yg? 2rsdK;pvHk; qufoG,fay;vdkY&wJh PLC u wpfrsdK;? qdkNyD; oHk;rsdK;oHk;pm; &Sdyg w,f/



DC power ay;&wJh PLC rSmawmh 24VDC udk power supply tjzpf qufoG,f

ay;&wJh PLC u tawGU&trsm;qHk;jzpfygw,f/

I/O qdkwm uawmh PLC &JU Input eJY Output awGudk ajymwm jzpfygw,f/ PLC &JU I/O signal [m Discrete I/O signal eJY Analog I/O signal qdkNyD; type 2rsdK;? &Sdygw,f/ 'gaMumifh Discrete Input vm;? Discrete Output vm;? Analog Input vm;? Analog Output vm;?qdkwmudk cGJjcm;NyD;odatmif t&ifvkyf&ygr,f/ Discrete I/O udk Digital I/O vkdYvnf; ac:Mu ygw,f/

Discrete Input xJay;oGif;&r,fh signal u AC signal vm;? DC signal vm;? qdkwmu Input &JU type jzpfyg w,f/ AC220V signal vm;? AC100V signal vm;? DC24V signal vm;? qdkwmu Input &JU size jzpfygw,f/

Discrete Output rSxGufvmr,fh signal u Relay Output vm;? TRIAC Output vm;? Transistor Output vm;? qdkwmawGu Output &JU type awGjzpfMuNyD;? Relay &JU Output rating, TRIAC &JU Output rating, Transistor &JU Output rating awGu Output &JU size awG jzpfMuygw,f/ Transistor Output jzpfcJh&if PNP vm;? NPN vm;? cGJjcm;odzdkY vdktyfygw,f/

Sensor awGuay;ydkYwJh signal awGudk? PLC &JU input terminal awGu vufcH&,lygw,f/ Input terminal rSm qufoG,fvdkY&wJh devices awGudk Input Field Devices vdkY ac:ygw,f/

Output terminal rSm qufoG,fvdkY&wJh devices awGudk Output Field Devices vdkY ac:yg w,f/ PLC &JU output terminal u xkwfay;wJh signal awGudk? Output Field Devices awGu vufcH&,lygw,f/ Output Field Devices awGudk Actuators awGvdkYvnf; ac:Muygw,f/

Analog I/O &JU type qdkwmu current vm;? voltage vm;? cGJjcm;odzdkY jzpfygw,f/

Analog I/O &JU size qdkwmuawmh signal &JU range udk ajymwmjzpfygw,f/

Oyrm? 0 to 20mA, 4 to 20mA, 0 to 5V, 0 to 10V pwJU dc signal awGjzpfMuygw,f/

'DpmtkyfrSm discrete I/O signal taMumif;ukdom a&;om;azmfjyrSm jzpfygw,f/

Programming Port uawmh data awG t0iftxGufvkyfwmjzpfvdkY Port vdkY ac:wJh ikwf terminal jzpfygw,f/ PLC xJudk program a&;xnfhwJhtcg? Computer eJY qufoG,f&wJh port jzpfvdkYrdkY Programming Port vdkY ac:wmjzpfygw,f/

Programming cable udk PLC xkwfvkyfwJh OEM qDu? 0,f,ltoHk;jyKMu&ygw,f/ PLC eJY Computer udk Programming cable eJY qufoG,fNyD; PLC xJ a&;xnfhwJh Program udk User Program vdkY ac:ygw,f/ Application Program vdkYvnf; ac:ygw,f/

OD;pd k;wifh PLC vrf;nTef PLC wdkif;rSmryg&dSbJ? tcsdKU PLC awGrSmom ygavh&SdwJh terminal awGuawmh I/O

expansion terminal eJY Communication port wdkY jzpfMuygw,f/ Input eJY Output udk wdk;csJU wwfqifcsif&if I/O expansion port yg&dSrS wdk;csJUwwfqifvdkY &ygw,f/ Communication port uawmh PLC eJY HMI qufoG,fzdkY? PLC tcsif;csif; qufoG,fzdkY? toHk;jyK&wmjzpfygw,f/

PLC awGrSm RS-232 port eJY RS-485 port wdkY ygavh&SdMuygw,f/ ckacwfrSm Ethernet port ygwJh PLC awGudk toHk;jyKaeMuNyD jzpfygw,f/

The more you learn about PLCs, the more you will be able to solve other control problems.

34



PLC wdkif;rSmyg0ifwJh tajccHtydkif; 5 ykdif; uawmh yHkrSmjyxm;wJhtwdkif; (1) Power Supply ykdif;?

(2) CPU ykdif;?

(3) Memory ykdif;?

(4) Input ykdif;? eJY

(5) Output ykdif;?wkdY jzpfMuygw,f/

'Dtydkif; 5ydkif;udk wpfpkwpfpnf;xJ wnfaqmufxm;wJh PLC rsdK;udk Integrated PLC, 'grSr[kwf Compact PLC vdkY ac:ygw,f/ Compact PLC rSm yg&SdwJh Power supply ydkif;? CPU ydkif;? Input ydkif;? pwmawGudk wpfydkif;csif;pD jzKwfvdkY? wyfvdkY? r&ygbl;/

tpdwftydkif; wpfckcsif;pD jzKwfvdkY? wyfvdkY? &wJh PLC rsdK;udk Modular PLC vdkY ac:yg w,f/ Modular PLC qdkwmu Power supply module u wpfck? CPU eJY Memory udk aygif;xm;wJh CPU module u wpfck? Input module u wpfck? Output module u wpfck? 'D 4ck udk atmufcHjym; backplane (baseplate) ay:rSm wyfqifvdkufawmhrS PLC wpfvHk; jzpfvm ygw,f/

Power Supply ykdif; Power Supply ykdif; qkdwmu PLC xJudk tjyifuaeay;oGif;wJh 220VAC 'grSr[kwf

24VDC udk ajymwmr[kwfygbl;/ PLC xJrSm xnfhoGif;wnfaqmufxm;wJh power ykdif;ukd ajymwm jzpfygw,f/ PLC wkdif;ukd vQyfppf"gwftm;ay;oGif;&ygw,f/

AC power ay;oGif;&wJh PLC u wpfrsdK;? DC power ay;oGif;&wJh PLC u wpfrsdK;? qkdNyD; ESpfrsdK;ESpfpm; &Sdygw,f/

AC power ay;&wJh PLC rSmvnf; 100VAC eJY 220VAC qkdNyD; ESpfrsdK; uGJjym;ygao; w,f/

DC power ay;&wJh PLC rSmawmh 24 VDC ay;&wJh PLC u tawGU&rsm;ygw,f/ jyifyuae AC ay;oGif;onfjzpfap? DC ay;oGif;onfjzpfap? ay;oGif;vkdufwJh vQyfppf

power ukd PLC xJrSm&SdwJh CPU wkdY? Memory wdkY?twGuf oifhawmfwJh DC Voltage jzpfatmif PLC xJu Power Supply ykdif;u aqmif&Gufay;ygw,f/

PLC xJudk Power supply terminal uae? pD;0ifwJYvQyfppf current eJY CPU xJ, I/O interface xJ? pD;wJYvQyfppf current wkdYudk woD;wjcm;pDjzpfatmif vkyfay;wJYtvkyf? galvanic isolation udkvnf; Power Supply ykdif;u vkyfay;ygw,f/ 'g[m PLC xJrSmygwJY Power Supply ydkif;&JUtvkyf function 2ck? jzpfygw,f/



wu,fvkdY? 100VAC om ay;&r,fh PLC udk rSm;NyD; 220VAC ay;cJhrd&if? 'grSr[kwf

24VDC om ay;&r,fh PLC udk 220VAC rSm;ay;cJhrd&if? PLC xJu Power Supply ykdif;yJ ysufpD;oGm;ygw,f/ CPU wkdY? Memory wkdYukd rxdcdkufrysufpD; ap&atmif Power Supply ykdif;u taocHumuG,fay;xm;ygw,f/

'DvkdumuG,fay;wmudk isolation vkdY ac:wm jzpfygw,f/

CPU ykdif; CPU (Central Processing Unit) udk microprocessor eJY zGJUpnf; wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/

CPU eJY Memory uawmh tNrJyJ wGJNyD;? tvkyfvkyfygw,f/ User program udk Memory xJrSm odrf;xm;ygw,f/ PLC udk RUN vdkufawmhrS memory xJrSma&;xm;wJh User program rSmygwJhtwdkif; CPU u aqmif&Gufygw,f/ Input terminal rSm&SdwJh signal udk CPU u MunfhNyD;? User program u cdkif;xm;wJhtwdkif; Output terminal udk signal xkwfay;ygw,f/

PLC awGrSm CPU ysufpD;rI[m 5% yJ jzpfwwfygw,f/ PLC tvHk; 100 ysuf&if CPU ysufwm 5 vHk;yJ &Sdygw,f/ CPU [m PLC rSm A[kduGyfuJa&;tydkif; jzpfygw,f/ PLC xJu CPU udk MPU (Main Processing Unit) vkdYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ PLC aumif;aumif; tvkyf vkyfaeovm;? rvkyfbl;vm;vdkY ppfaq;&wJh self-diagnosis wm0efukdvnf; CPU u xrf; aqmifygw,f/

CPU &JU vkyfief;aqmifwmudk twdkcsKyfajym&&if PLC &JU input terminal awGrSm csdwf qufxm;wJY sensor awGuay;ydkYwJY signal awGudk vufcH&,lw,f/ NyD;awmh PLC &JU rSwfOmPf memory rSm a&;rSwfxm;wJY nTefBum;csufawG user program twdkif; aqmif&Guf w,f/ NyD;&if tJ'Daqmif&Gufcsufu&wJY program result awGudk PLC &JU output terminal awGqDudk ydkYvTwfay;ygw,f/

Modular PLC awG&JU CPU module xJrSm memory eJY microprocessor udk wGJNyD; xnfhoGif; wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/ PLC &JUvkyfief;aqmifwmawGukd b,fvdkaqmif&Gufyg vdkY owfrSwf ay;xm;wJY control program (operating system) [mvnf; tJ'D memory xJrSm yg&Sdygw,f/ 'gaMumifh CPU module ysufpD;cJhvkdY&Sd&if CPU module ukd topfvJvS,f wyfqifHkeJYawmh PLC [m e*dktwkdif; tvkyfrvkyf Ekdifao;ygbl;/ jyefvnfae&mcsxm; ay;&ygao;w,f/ tJ'gukd configure vkyfw,fvkdY ac:ygw,f/ Program jyefa&;xnfh ay;&ygao;w,f/ Compact PLC awGrSmawmh CPU ykdif;[m PLC &JUtpdwftykdif; wpfckrQom jzpfvkdY CPU ysuf pD;cJh&if PLC topf wpfvHk;eJY vJvS,fwyfqif&ygw,f/ Program ukdvnf; jyefa&;xnfh ay;&ygw,f/



Memory ykdif;

Memory is the area that holds the operating system and user program. PLC xJrSm TefMum;csuf instruction code awG? owif;tcsuftvuf data awG?

qHk;jzwfcsuf logic result awG? pwmawGudk rSwfom;odrf;qnf;xm;wJh ae&mukd Memory vkdY ac:ygw,f/

Memory rSm ESpfrsdK;?ESpfpm; &Sdygw,f/ Volatile memory eJY non-volatile memory wkdY jzpfMuygw,f/

Volatile memory vQyfppfyg0gtNrJ&&SdaerS a&;rSwfxm;wmawGudk raysmufrysuf atmif odrf;qnf;xm;EkdifwJh memory trsdK;tpm; udk Volatile memory vkdY ac:ygw,f/ RAM (Random Access Memory) [m tJ'DtrsdK;tpm; jzpfygw,f/ vQyfppf"gwftm;r&Sd&if RAM xJrSm a&;rSwfxm;wmawG tm;vHk; taiGUysHvGifhys,foGm;ovkd aysmufysufukefygw,f/ RAM twGuf power supply tNrJwrf;&aeapzkdY PLC xJrSm "gwfcJ battery xnfhay;xm; &ygw,f/ tJ'D"gwfcJ&JU oufwrf;[m 25C rSmyJtNrJoHk;cJh&if 5ESpf MumatmifcHygw,f/ ylvGef;&ifyJjzpfjzpf? at;vGef;&ifyJjzpfjzpf? "gwfcJoufwrf;wkdygw,f/

Non-volatile memory Non-volatile memory uawmh a&;rSwfxm;wmawGukd raysmufrysuf&atmif vQyfppf"gwftm;r&SdyJeJY Mum&Snfodrf;xm;Ekdifygw,f/ EEPROM (Electrically Erasible Programmable ROM) [m tJ'Dvkd trsdK;tpm;jzpfygw,f/ tck vloHk;rsm;aeNyDjzpfwJh memory stick vkdrsdK;? Flash Memory trsdK;tpm; jzpfygw,f/ EEPROM ukd toHk;jyKxm;wJh PLC awGrSm "gwfcJxnfhzkdY rvkdtyfygbl;/

'gaMumifh "gwfcJygwJh PLC u wpfrsdK;? "gwfcJ rygwJh PLC u wpfrsdK; qkdNyD; PLC ESpfrsdK;? ESpfpm;? &S dygw,f/


tJ'D"gwfcJ&JU oufwrf;[m 25C rSmyJtNrJoHk;cJh&if 5ESpf MumatmifcHygw,f/ ylvGef;&ifyJjzpfjzpf? at;vGef;&ifyJjzpfjzpf? "gwfcJoufwrf;wkdygw,f/



I/O Image Memory

PLC wkdif;rSm wire qufoG,fvkdY&wJh Input terminal eJY Output terminal awG yg0ifMuyg w,f/ tJ'gukd External input eJY External output vkdY ac:Muygw,f/ Physical input eJY Physical output vkdYvnf; ac:Muygw,f/

Input terminal awGrSm&SdaewJh signal awG&JUtajctaeukd t&dyfyrm xif[yf azmfjywJh memory xJu ae&mawGukd Input image memory vdkY ac:ygw,f/ Input memory, Input relay vkdYvnf; ac:Muygw,f/ Input image table vdkYvnf; ac:ygw,f/

Input terminal eJY wkdufkdufqufoG,frI&SdwJh memory area jzpfvkdY input image memory vkdY ac:wmjzpfygw,f/

Output terminal awGeYJ wkdufkdufqufoG,frI&SdwJh memory xJu ae&mukd output image memory vdkY ac:ygw,f/ Output image table vdkYvnf; ac:ygw,f/

Output terminal eJY wdkufdkufqufoG,frI r&SdwJh internal memory udk Auxiliary Relay vkdY ac:ygw,f/ Internal Relay vkdYvnf; ac:Muygw,f/ Internal Output vdkYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ Internal Bit vdkYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ Work Bit vdkYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ a&;vdkY? zwfvdkY? &wJh Memory xJu Bit ae&m jzpfygw,f/

Delta PLC awGxJu DVP-14SS2-11R2 rSm yg&SdwJh Physical I/O (X/Y) eJY internal output (M) udk atmufrSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f/


OD;pd k;wifh PLC vrf;nTef Omron PLC awGxJu CPM1A-20CDR rSm yg&SdwJh input image memory ukdusawmh

Input Bit vkdY ac:ygw,f/ Output image memory ukdawmh Output Bit vkdY ac:ygw,f/ Output terminal eJY wdkufdkufqufoG,frI r&SdwJh internal memory udk Work Bit vkdY ac:yg w,f/

Omron PLC awGxJu CPM1A-20CDR rSm yg&SdwJh Physical I/O (IR 000/ IR 010) eJY internal output (IR 200) wdkYudk atmufrSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

Simens PLC awGxJu S7-200 CPU224 rSmyg&SdwJh internal output ukd Bit Memory (M)

vkdY ac:ygw,f/ Input image memory ukdusawmh Process-Image Input Register (I) vkdY ac:ygw,f/ Output image memory ukdusawmh Process-Image Output Register (Q) vkdY ac:ygw,f/ Simens PLC awGxJu S7-200 CPU224 rSm yg&SdwJh Physical I/O (I/Q) eJY internal output (M)

udk atmufrSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

Siemens PLC S7-200 CPU 224 Process-image input register I0.0 to I15.7 Process-image output register Q0.0 to Q15.7

Bit memory (M) M0.0 to M31.7



Input Image Memory



Output Image Memory




Input Interface

When two different objects are linked together the boundary is known as the Interface. PLC rSm signal 0ifwJh tykdif;ukd input ykdif;vkdY ac:ygw,f/ PLC &JU input rSm qufoG,f

&wJh Device awGukd input field devices vkdY ac:ygw,f/ Input Device awG jzpfMuwJh sensor awGeJY PLC ukd qufpyfay;wmjzpfvkdY Input Interface vkdY ac:wm jzpfygw,f/ Modular PLC rSm Input Interface [m oD;jcm; module wpfck jzpfNyD; input module vkdY ac:ygw,f/ Compact PLC rSmawmh Input Interface [m PLC &JU ukd,fwGif;t*Fg tpdwftykdif; wpfckom jzpfygw,f/

Input ydkif;&JU tvkyfuawmh Input Field Devices awGu ay;ydkYwJh signal udk CPU u em;vnf vufcHEdkifwJh signal jzpfatmif ajymif;ay;wJhtvkyfu wpfck? input terminal rSm vSnfhywfpD;qif;wJhvQyfppf eJY PLC xJ vSnfhywfpD;qif;wJhvQyfppfwdkYudk wpfoD;wpfjcm;pD jzpfatmif vkyfay;wJh isolation tvkyfu wpfck? pkpkaygif; tvkyf 2ckudk vkyfygw,f/

PLC wkdif;&JU input interface tykdif;u 'Dtvkyf ESpfrsdK;udk vkyfaqmifMuygw,f/

Input terminal ukd signal strength rwefwq rSm;ay;rdcJh&if input interface tykdif;om ysufpD; oGm;NyD; CPU ukd xdcdkufrI vHk;0r&Sdygbl;/ 'gaMumifh 24VDC signal ay;&r,fh Input point rSm 220VAC ukd rSm;NyD;awmh qufoG,frdcJh&if CPU rysufygbl;/ Memory rysufygbl;/ Input interface yJ ysufoGm;ygr,f/ Modular PLC rSmqkd&ifawmh Input module topf wpfck vJvS,fwyfqifvkdufHkeJY PLC [m e*kdtwkdif; tvkyfjyefvkyfEkdifygw,f/

Input interface rSm tajctaeajymif;vJrI ESpfrsdK;om &SdwJY Discrete Input eJY tajctae ajymif;vJrI wqufxJ &SdwJY Analog Input qdkNyD; input ESpfrsdK; &Sdygw,f/ Discrete input udk digital input vdkYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ PLC [m Computer jzpfwJY twGuf binary udkom vufcHaqmif&Guf Edkifygw,f/ 'gaBumifh analog input interface rSm analog uae digital signal (binary signal) udk ajymif;ay;wJY A/D Converter yg&Sdygw,f/

PLC &JU input signal ESpfrsdK;? ESpfpm; &SdwJYtxJu discrete input signal taMumif;ukd 'DpmtkyfrSm tao;pdyf azmfjyoGm;rSm jzpfygw,f/

Discrete signal rSm signal &Sdaewmukd ON vkdY ac:ygw,f/ Signal r&Sdwmukd OFF vkdY ac:ygw,f/ Signal &Sdjcif;eJY? Signal r&Sdjcif;? 'DESpfrsdK; om&Sdygw,f/ Discrete input interface rSm signal type ESpfrsdK; &Sdygw,f/ AC signal eJY DC signal jzpfygw,f/

Modular PLC rSm AC input module eJY DC input module qkdNyD; oD;jcm;pDxkwfvkyf ygw,f/ Compact PLC rSmvnf; AC input signal om ay;vkdY&wJh PLC eJY DC input signal om ay;vkdY&wJh PLC &,fvkdY ESpfrsdK; cGJjcm;xkwfvkyfygw,f/


'DpmtkyfrSm Delta PLC udk ajccHNyD; a&;om;azmfjyoGm;rSmjzpfygw,f/ taMumif; wkdufqkdif wJh tcgwkdif; tjcm; PLC awGeJY EIdif;,SOfazmfjyay;oGm;ygr,f/

Discrete input interface 24 VDC Input

Figure 9a

yHk (Figure 9a) rSm DC24V signal ukd vufcHaqmif&GufwJh discrete input interface &JU functional circuit diagram ukd azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

Discrete input interface 110 VAC Input

Figure 9b

yHk (Figure 9b) rSm AC110V signal ukd vufcHaqmif&GufwJh discrete input interface &JU functional circuit diagram ukd azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

yHkrSmjyxm;wJhtwkdif; AC input rSma&m? DC input rSmyg optocoupler ukd oHk;NyD; isolation vkyfxm;ygw,f/ tajccHtusqHk;vnf;jzpf? tawGU&trsm;qHk;vnf;jzpfwJh 24VDC input signal ay;&wJh Compact PLC ukd rlwnfNyD; input interface taMumif;udk a&;om; azmfjy oGm;ygr,f/



Figure 9c

yHk (Figure 9c) rSm oHk;xm;wJh Opto-coupler (Photo-coupler) xJrSm tvif;a&mif xkwf vTwfay;wJh LED diode ESpfckudk tNrD;jyef? acgif;jyef? tNydKifquf antiparallel qufxm;yg w,f/ Current direction b,fvkdyJpD;pD;? LED wpfvHk;vHk; uawmh rD;vif;rSm aocsmyg w,f/ tJ'D LED ESpfvHk;uxGufwJh tvif;a&mifukd photo-transistor &JU base ay: wkdufkduf usa&mufatmif csdefxm;ygw,f/ LED eJY photo-transistor twGJukd opto-coupler vkdY ac:ygw,f/ olUukd jyifyutvif;a&mif r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif tvHkydwf? tvif;ydwf? wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh optocoupler xJu LED rD;vif;wmudk jyifyu rjrif rawGUEkdifygbl;/

PLC &JU input point udk jzwfpD;vmwJhvQyfppf currrent [m opto-coupler xJu LED xJ ukdvnf; jzwfoef;pD;qif;wmjzpfvkdY? tJ'D LED rD;vif;NyD; photo-transistor ay:udk tvif; a&mif usa&mufygw,f/ tJY'DtcgrSm photo-transistor ukd ON jzpfapygw,f/ Photo-transistor = ON jzpfoGm;wJhtcg internal circuit u PLC &JU input status indicator LED ukd rD;vif;apygw,f/

Input point ukd signal a&mufvkdY ON jzpfwJhtcg tJ'D input eJY oufqkdifwJh input LED rD;vif;wmjzpfvkdY? b,f point rSm signal &Sdw,fqkdwmukd tvG,fwul odEkdifygw,f/ Meter eJY wkdif;MunhfzkdY rvkdygbl;/ Input point udk jzwfpD;wJh current eJY internal circuit xJ (photo-transistor xJ) pD;wJh current wkdY[m woD;wjcm;pD jzpfMuygw,f/ tJ'gukd galvanically isolated vkdY ac:ygw,f/ Input point u 0ifvmwJh signal ukd internal circuit xJ a&mufatmif ydkYaqmifay;wmu tvif;a&mifeJY ykdYay;wm jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh photo-coupling (opto-coupling) vkdY ac:ygw,f/



Output Interface

Output ydkif;uawmh CPU u xkwfay;wJh signal udk Output terminal twGuf oifhawmfwJh signal trsdK;tpm;jzpfatmif ajymif;ay;wJhtvkyfu wpfck? PLC xJvSnfhywf pD;qif;wJh vQyfppfeJY Output terminal rSm vSnfhywfpD;qif;wJhvQyfppf wdkUudk wpfoD;wpfjcm;pD jzpfatmif isolation vkyfay;&wJh tvkyfuwpfck? pkpkaygif; tvkyf 2ck udk vkyfygw,f/

PLC &JU output rSmvnf; signal type ESpfrsdK; &S dygw,f/

Discrete output signal eJY Analog output signal wkdY jzpfMuygw,f/ CPU u xGufvmwJY signal u binary signal (digital signal) jzpfygw,f/ tJ'D digital signal udk D/A Converter eJY analog tjzpf ajymif;ay;jyD;rS output terminal u analog signal ukd xkwfay;wm jzpfygw,f/

'DpmtkyfrSm discrete output signal taMumif;ukdom a&;om;azmfjyrSm jzpfyg w,f/

PLC rSm discrete output type oHk;rsdK;&Sdygw,f/

(1) Relay Output

(2) Transistor Output

(3) TRIAC Output (SSR Output) wkdY jzpfMuygw,f/

tJ'DoHk;rsdK;pvHk;udk galvanic isolation &atmif wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/



Relay Output

Relay contact

Relay coil

Max. Switching Capacity : 2A, 250VAC (cos = 1) ; 2A, 24VDC Figure 10. yHkrSm Relay contact eJY output point wdkY qufoG,fxm;yHkudk

azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

CPU &JU qHk;jzwfcsufeJYtnD internal circuit u output signal xkwfay;vkdufwJhtcg

(1) Output status indicator LED rD;vif;ygw,f/

(2) Relay coil energize jzpfygw,f/

(3) Relay &JU N.O contact [m close jzpfoGm;ygw,f/

Output wpfckpD rSm internal circuit wpfck? status LED wpfck? relay wpfck?wkdY yg&Sdygw,f/ Relay coil eJY tJ'D relay &JU contact wkdY[m galvanically isolated jzpfNyD; magnetically coupled vkyfxm;ygw,f/

Relay coil xJpD;qif;wJh current eJY contact xJpD;qif;wJh current wkdY[m woD;wjcm;pD jzpfygw,f/

PLC Output Relay [m N.O contact wpfckomygwJh Miniature Relay jzpfygw,f/ Voltage free contact jzpfvkdY AC a&m? DC yg jzwfoef;pD;qif;Ekdifygw,f/



Transistor Output

Transistor Output rSm PNP eJY NPN qkdNyD; ESpfrsdK; &Sdygw,f/ CPU u ckdif;vkdY internal circuit u output signal xkwfay;vkdufwJhtcg?

(1) Output status indicator LED rD;vif;ygw,f/ (2) Optocoupler xJu LED rD;vif;vkdY phototransistor [m ON jzpfoGm;ygw,f/ (3) Output transistor vnf; ON jzpfoGm;ygw,f/

Output Transistor

Photo-transistor

Max. Switching Capacity: 50 mA at 4.5 VDC to 300 mA at 26.4 V Figure 11. yHkrSm Transistor Output (NPN) eJY output point wdkY qufoG,fxm;yHkudk

azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

Output Transistor Opto-coupler

Photo-transistor

Max. Switching Capacity: 50 mA at 4.5 VDC to 300 mA at 26.4 V

Figure 12. yHkrSm Transistor Output (PNP) eJY output point wdkY qufoG,fxm;yHkudk azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

PNP yJjzpfjzpf? NPN yJjzpfjzpf? transistor &JU collector ukd output point eJY qufoG,f xm;ygw,f/ PLC &JU Output Transistor [m open collector output type jzpfNyD;? DC vQyfppf om jzwfoef;pD;qif;Ekdifygw,f/ PLC &JU output [m transistor output jzpfcJY&if PNP 'grSr[kwf NPN wpfrsdK;om ygavh&Sdygw,f/



TRIAC Output TRIAC Output ukd SSR (Solid State Relay) output vkdYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ Triac

output rSm oHk;xm;wJh opto-coupler xJrSm LED eJY photo-diac wkdY yg0ifygw,f/ CPU u apckdif;wJhtwkdif; internal circuit u output signal xkwfay;vkdufwJhtcg

(1) Output status indicator LED rD;vif; ygw,f/ (2) Photodiac ON jzpfoGm;ygw,f/ (3) Output Triac ON jzpfoGm;ygw,f/

Output Triac Photo-diac

Opto-coupler

Max. Switching Capacity: 0.4 A at 100 to 240 VAC (50/60 Hz) Figure 14. yHkrSm Triac Output eJY output point wdkY qufoG,fxm;yHkudk azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

Triac Output ukd AC vQyfppfeJYom toHk;jyK&ygw,f/ tu,f DC vQyfppfeJY qufoG,f toHk;jyKcJhr,fqkd&if ON jzpfNyD;wJh output point [m Triac &JU obm0t& OFF jyefrjzpfawmhygbl;/

PLC &JU output type oHk;rsdK;udk atmufrSm,SOfwGJazmfjyxm;ygw,f/

Output Type Rated Valtage and Current (Typical Value) Switching Time

Relay 250VAC(2A) / 30VDC(2A) OFF to ON: 10 ms, ON to OFF: 10 ms

Transistor 30VDC, 300 mA OFF to ON: 0.2 ms, ON to OFF: 0.2 ms

TRIAC (SSR) 85V to 240VAC, 400 mA OFF to ON: 1ms, ON to OFF: 10 ms

The more you learn about PLCs, the more you will be able to solve other control problems.

49



Typical value qkdwm tawGU&rsm;wJh wefbkd;ukd ajymwmjzpfygw,f/ PLC &JU output awG[m isolated output awGjzpfMuwJhtwGuf output terminal rSmqufoG,frIrSm;,Gif;vkdY PLC ysufoGm;cJh&if output interface ykdif;yJ ysufpD;wmjzpfygw,f/ CPU wkdY Memory wkdYukd rxdcdkuf rysufpD;apygbl;/ Compact PLC rSmawmh output interface ysufoGm;cJh&if PLC topf wpfvHk;eJY vJvS,fwyfqif&rSm jzpfNyD; program udkvnf; jyefa&;xnfh&ygw,f/ Modular PLC rSmqkd&ifawmh Output module topf wpfck vJvS,fwyfqifvkdufHkeJY PLC [m e*kdtwkdif; tvkyfjyefvkyfEkdifygw,f/

PLC Status Indicators and I/O Status Indicators

PLC wdkif;&JU rsufESmpmay:rSm PLC &JU tajctaeawGudk azmfjywJh Status Indicator awG yg&SdMuygw,f/ LED indicator lamp awGeJY azmfjyavh&Sdygw,f/ Status Indicator 3rsdK;&Sdyg w,f/

Input signal awG&JU tajctaeawGudk azmfjywJh LEDs awGudk Input Status LED vdkY ac:ygw,f/ Input terminal ta&twGuf&Sdoavmuf Input Status LED ta&twGuf yg&Sd ygw,f/ PLC &JU input terminal rSm signal &Sd&if Input LED rD;vif;ygw,f/

Output signal &JUtajctaeudk azmfjywJ LEDs awGudk Output Status LED vdkY ac:yg w,f/ Output terminal ta&twGuf&Sdoavmuf Output Status LED ta&twGuf yg&Sd ygw,f/ CPU u signal xkwfay;vdkuf&if output LED rD;vif;ygw,f/

NyD;awmh PLC Status LED vdkY ac:wJh power &&Sd&ifvif;wJh Power LED &,f? PLC udk RUN vdkufrS vif;wJh RUN LED &,f? rSm;aeNyD Error vdkY azmfjywJh ERR LED &,f? 'DoHk;rsdK;?oHk;pm;?uawmh PLC wdkif;rSmyg&SdMuygw,f/

tcsdKU PLC awGrSm PLC xJudk program a&;xnfhwJhtcg rD;vif;wJh Communication LED ygwwfygw,f/

tcsdKU PLC awGrSm PLC xJu battery &JU tajctaeudk azmfjywJh Battery LED vnf; yg&SdwwfMuygw,f/

User program u ckdif;xm;wJhtwdkif; PLC [m vkyfaqmifaeNyDqdk&if RUN LED rD;vif;aeygw,f/


Octal number eJYa&wGufvdkY Input u 24ck jzpfygw,f/

Octal number eJYa&wGufvdkY Output u 16ck jzpfyg w,f/




tcef; (4) PLC ukd wyfqiftoHk;jyKyH ktaMumif;/

PLC ukd wyfqiftoHk;jyKr,fqkd&if PLC ukd b,fvkd xkyfykd;xm;ovJ qkdwmudk azmfjy

wJh IP code number taMumif;ukd odzkdYvkdtyfygw,f/ IP udk Ingress Protection vkdYvnf; ac: ygw,f/ International Protection vkdYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ vHkNcHKatmifxkyfykd;rItqifhowfrSwf csuf jzpfygw,f/ PLC awG[m vHkNcHKatmifxkyfykd;rItqifhowfrSwfcsuf IP 20 yJ &Sdygw,f/

'gaMumifh

(1) aea&mifjcnfeJY wkdufkdufxdawGU EkdifwJhae&mrSm PLC udk rwyfqif&ygbl;/ (2) tylcsdef 0C xufavsmheJwJh ae&meJY 55C xufykdrsm;wJh ae&mawGrSm PLC ukd

rwyfqif&ygbl;/ (3) a&aiGUpkdxkdif;q 10%RH xufavsmheJwJh ae&meJY 90%RH xufydkrsm;wJh ae&m

awGrSmvnf; PLC ukd rwyfqif&ygbl;/ (4) tylcsdef kwfw&uf ajymif;vJrIaMumifh aiGU&nfzGJUwwfwJh ae&mawGrSmvnf; PLC

udk rwyfqif&ygbl;/ (5) avmifpm;wwfwJh "gwfaiGU corrosive gas awG? qm;aiGUawG? rD;avmifvG,fwJh

"gwfaiGUawG? &SdwJhae&mrSmvnf; PLC udk rwyfqif&ygbl;/ (6) qDwkdY? a&wkdY? "gwkaq;&nfwkdY? eJY jzef;yufcH&EdkifwJh ae&mrSmvnf; PLC ukd rwyf

qif&ygbl;/ (7) wkefcgrI? cg&rf;rI? jzpfay:EkdifwJh ae&mrSmvnf; PLC udk rwyfqif&ygbl;/

'gawGuawmU PLC ukd wyfqifzkdYtwGuf OEM &JU Manual awGxJu xkwfEIwfazmfjy xm;wm jzpfygw,f/ tck azmfjycJhwJh ae&mrsdK;rSm PLC ukd rwyfqifbJ? vGwfuif;wJh ae&m rSm wyffqiftoHk;jyKr,f qkd&if PLC &JUoufwrf;&SnfMumpGm toHk;jyKEkdifrSm jzpfygw,f/

PLC &JU vHkNcHKatmif xkyfykd;rItqifh[m IP20 om &SdwJhtwGuf Panel 'grSr[kwf Cabinet xJrSmom wyfqiftoHk;jyK&rSm jzpfygw,f/

tJ'Dvdk wyfqiftoHk;jyKwJh tcgrSm tylcsdefvGefuJrI'Pfudk rcH&atmif? av0if avxGuf rQwrI &Sd&ygr,f/ 'DtwGuf tjcm;ypnf; awGeJY PLC &JUtMum;rSm&SdwJh tuGmta0; udk 50mm (2 vufrcefY) cGmNyD; wyfqif&ygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm OEM u owfrSwfwJh Mum; tuGmta0;xuf ydkreD;ap&ygbl;/

tyl[m atmufbufuae tay:bufukd vGifhysHwufavh&SdvkdY tylxkwfvTwfwJh ypnf;awG&JU tay:bufrSm PLC udk wyfqifjcif; rjyK&ygbl;/ rvTJom? ra&SmifomwJh tajctaeaMumifh 55C xufausmfvGefwJh ae&mrSm PLC udk wyfqif&r,fqkd&if tat;ay; ud&d,mukdoHk;NyD;? PLC ukd 55C txd ra&mufatmif pDrHxm;&ygr,f/ 'Dae&mrSmvnf; OEM u owfrSwfwJh tjrifhqHk;tyl'D*&D Temperature xuf rausmfvGefap&ygbl;/

OD;pd k;wifh PLC vrf;nTef Panel xJrSm PLC udk wyfqifwJhtcg High Voltage Equipment awGeJY twlwla&mNyD;

Panel 1 ckxJrSm rwyfqif&ygbl;/ AkdYtm;jrifh0g,m Power cable awGeJY teJqHk; &SpfvufrcefY 200mm uGmjcm;atmif

PLC udk xm;&ygr,f/

Control panel xJrSm PLC udk wwfqif&r,fhyHk jzpfygw,f/



PLC eJY eH&HMum; teJqHk;&dS&r,fh tuGmta0; jzpfygw,f/

Installation in Control Panel

When wiring input and output lines in ducts, keep a minimum space of 20 mm above and below the PLC base unit for maintenance. To prevent excessive heat built-up, keep a minimum space of 20 mm around the PLC unit for ventilation.



Advised Installation Practices Shield the PLC

The most common method of shielding, is to install the PLC inside a grounded steel enclosure. Proper Cable Selection

Use twisted, shielded-pair cable for the power cable and field wiring. Properly terminate the shields of all cables to a single-point high-quality ground. Ground the PLC

The purpose of grounding the PLC is to protect the electronic equipment from electric shock and harmful noise. To ground the PLC, connect a 12 to 16 gauge wire from the frame ground terminal strip screw of the controller to a high quality earth ground (less then 2 ). Since electrical currents always take the path of least resistance, the noise currents induced by a magnetic field will flow through the PLC frame ground terminal screw to earth ground. This essentially draws the noise away from the PLC modules.

The most effective method of grounding the PLC frame is to ground the PLC independent of other equipment. Avoid grounding the PLC through a daisy chain of wire connections with other equipment.

See figures below for good and bad examples:

'DvdkrqufeJY 'Dvdkqufyg

The length of the ground cable should not exceed 65 feet (20 m). For best results, the resistance of the ground cable should be less than 2 .

Grounding (Earthing) vQyfppfoHvkdufvdIif;rsm;aMumifh PLC udk taESmifht,Suf rjzpfapzkdYeJY ukdifwG,f toHk;

jyKwJhvludk vQyfppftE&m,frusa&mufatmif umuG,fzkdY twGuf Ground (Earth) aumif; aumif; csxm;ay;&ygr,f/ Earth Resistance [m 100 (100 tkrf;) xuf rykdap&ygbl;/ Earth BudK;uvnf; 2mm (2 pwk&ef; rDvDrDwm) xufrao;i,fap&ygbl;/ Wire qufoG,f wJhtcg wire lug (crimp connector) ukd toHk;jyK&ygr,f/ Terminal screw ukd wif;MuyfrI tight vkyfwJhtcg wif;tm;u 0.5Nm to 0.6Nm twGif; &Sd&ygr,f/ Earth cswm&JU &nf&G,fcsufu rawmfwq vQyfppf,kdpdrfhrI leakage jzpfcJh&if vludk tE&m,fuif;apzkdY jzpfygw,f/ Earth terminal rSm PE (Protective Earth) vkdY a&;xm;avh &Sdygw,f/



PLC &JU Input eJY Output awGrSm yg&SdwJh COM (common) terminal udk b,fawmhrS earth rcs&ygbl;/ Shielded cable &JUtpGef; 2zufpvHk;udk ground cscJY&if yHkrSmjyxm;wJhtwdkif; ground loop jzpfay:vmygw,f/

'D udk

'Dvdk jzKwfNyD;

eJY wdkif;yg

Ground loop jzpfaeovm;qdkwmudk odcsif&if

'Dvdk wdkif;MunfhvdkY tkrf; ohm jycJh&if ground loop &dSaeygw,f/

Procedure for identifying ground loops




In normal low-noise environments such as closed-room control cabinets, it is possible to

operate the PLC without frame grounding. However, it is necessary to ground the PLC for noisy environments, and is recommended for all installations regardless of electronic noise levels.

For the frame ground, use a cable of at least 14 AWG (2 mm) in size. The ground should be exclusive to the PLC. Sharing the ground connection with other devices can cause problems due to ground loops and current feedback. Safety

In any industrial design, safety must be a first priority in that the designer(s) must take all reasonable steps to ensure a person or persons cannot be harmed in any way whilst the system is being operated.

There are now European Machinery Safety Standards, which also include the control systems of the machinery. These can be summarised as follows:

1. All emergency circuits such as emergency stop buttons and safety guard switches must be hardwired and not depend on software, i.e. PLCs or electronic logic gates.

2. A designer(s) must carry out a risk assessment procedure. In addition the procedure must be documented for possible inspection at any time.

3. Implement any changes to the design to limit any risk, as far as possible. 4. Ensure that where there are remaining risks, the use of safeguards must be

implemented into the design.

Personal Safety

Personal Safety twGuf odxm;oifhwJh vQyfppf"gwfvkdufwJhtcg jzpfay:vmwJh cHpm;& rI eJY tE&m,fawGukd atmufrSmazmfjyxm;ygw,f/

vlUcEmukd,fxJ vQyfppfjzwfoef; pD;qif;oGm;wJhtcg cHpm;&wJhcHpm;rIudk tqifh (7) qifh cGJjcm;jyxm;ygw,f/

(1) 0 to 1 mA cHpm;od&SdrI? r&Sdyg/ Oyrm 5VDC

(2) 1 to 5 mA "gwfvkdufaMumif;? od&SdcHpm;&ygw,f/ Oyrm? 24VDC

(3) 10 to 20 mA tE&m,f&SdwJh "gwfvkdufrIvkdY owfrSwfygw,f/ Oyrm? 120VAC

(4) 20 to 50 mA taMumqGJNyD; tE&m,fBuD;ygw,f/ Oyrm? 220VAC

(5) 50 to 100 mA tjyif;txef emusifNyD; arharsmoGm;Ekdifygw,f/

(6) 100 to 300 mA ESvHk;ckef &yfoGm;Ekdifygw,f/

(7) 300 mA xuf ykdrsm;&if? toufI&yfoGm;wm? rD;avmifuRrf;wm? jzpfEkdifygw,f/



PLC ukd vHkNcHKatmif xkyfyk d;rItqihf owfrSwfcsuf/ vHkNcHKatmif xkyfykd;rI tqifhtwef;udk IP eJYvnf; owfrSwfygw,f/ NEMA eJYvnf;

owfrSwfygw,f/ IP qkdwmu IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) u owfrSwfwJh

standard jzpfygw,f/ IP udk Ingress Protection vkdYvnf; ac:ygw,f/ International Protection vkdYvnf; ac:ygw,f/

IP 00 to IP 68 txd&Sdygw,f/ IP65 vkdY a&;om;xm;cJh&if a&SU*Pef;jzpfwJh 6 udk 1st characteristic vkdY ac:ygw,f/

aemuf*Pef;jzpfwJh 5 udk 2nd characteristic vkdY ac:ygw,f/ 1st characteristic u xkyfykd;xm;wJh yHk;cGH? tdrfcGH? enclosure xJukd t&m0wKypnf;awG

r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif umuG,fwJh tqihftwef;ukd cGJjcm;owfrSwfazmfjyygw,f/ 2nd characteristic u xkyfykd;xm;wJh enclosure xJukd a&awG? t&nfawG? r0ifa&muf

Ekdifatmif umuG,fwJh tqifhtwef;ukd cGJjcm;owfrSwfazmfjyxm;wm jzpfygw,f/

1st characteristic udk 0 to 6 txd tqihftwef; (7) rsdK; cG Jjcm;xm;ygw,f/ IP0_ rSm ygwJh 0 &JUt"dyg,fu? umuG,frI vHk;0rjyKbl; vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP1_ rSm ygwJh 1 &JUt"dyg,fu? t&G,ftpm; 50mm xufykdBuD;wJh t&m0wKypnf;awG

r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif umuG,fxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP2_ rSm ygwJh 2 &JUt"dyg,fu? t&G,ftpm; 12mm xufykdBuD;wJh t&m0wKypnf;awG

r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif umuG,fxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP3_ rSm ygwJh 3 &JUt"dyg,fu? t&G,ftpm; 2.5mm xufykdBuD;wJh t&m0wKypnf;awG

r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif umuG,fxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP4_ rSm ygwJh 4 &JUt"dyg,fu? t&G,ftpm; 1.0mm xufykdBuD;wJh t&m0wKypnf;awG

r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif umuG,fxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP5_ rSm ygwJh 5 &JUt"dyg,fu? trIHY powder awG r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif umuG,f xm;

w,fvkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP6_ rSm ygwJh 6 &JUt"dyg,fu? trIeftrTm; dust awG vHk;0 r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif

umuG,fxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/



2nd characteristic ukd 0 to 8 txd tqifhtwef; ukd;rsdK;cG J jcm;xm;ygw,f/ IP_0 rSm ygwJh 0 &JUt"dyg,fu? a&r0ifEkdifatmifumuG,frI? vHk;0rjyKbl; vkdY jzpfyg

w,f/ IP_1 rSm ygwJh 1 &JUt"dyg,fu? tay:uusqif;wJh a&pufa&aygufawG r0ifa&muf

Ekdifatmif? umuG,fwnfaqmufxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP_2 rSm ygwJh 2 &JUt"dyg,fu? 15 apmif;wJhae&mu pifusvmwJh a&puf a&ayguf

awG r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif? umuG,fwnfaqmufxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP_3 rSm ygwJh 3 &JUt"dyg,fu? tay:ujzef;wJha&awG r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif?

umuG,f wnfaqmufxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP_4 rSm ygwJh 4 &JUt"dyg,fu tzufzufu jzef;yufwJha&awG r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif

umuG,f wnfaqmufxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP_5 rSm ygwJh 5 &JUt"dyg,fu? ykdufeJYxdk;yufwJha&awG r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif

umuG,f wnfaqmufxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP_6 rSm ygwJh 6 &JUt"dyg,fu? tiftm;oHk;NyD;xkd;oGif;wJha&awG r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif

umuG,f wnfaqmufxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP_7 rSm ygwJh 7 &JUt"dyg,fu? a&xJjyKwfusoGm;&ifvnf; a&awG r0ifa&muf

Ekdifatmif umuG,f wnfaqmufxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/ IP_8 rSm ygwJh 8 &JUt"dyg,fu a&xJepfjrKyfae&ifvnf; a&awG r0ifa&mufEkdifatmif

umuG,f wnfaqmufxm;w,f vkdY jzpfygw,f/

Oyrm? IP00 vkdY a&;xm;&if? t&m0wKawG r0ifa&mufEkdifatmifvnf; umuG,f rxm;bl;? a&r0ifEkdifatmifvnf; umuG,frxm;bl;? bmtumtuG,frS vkyfrxm;bl;? vkdY qkdvkdygw,f/

Oyrm? IP20 vkdY a&;xm;&ift&G,ftpm; 12mm xufykdBuD;wJh t&m0wKypnf;awG r0if a&mufEkdifatmifom umuG,fxm;NyD;? a&r0ifEkdifatmif umuG,frI vkyfrxm;bl;? vkdY qkdvdkygw,f/

Oyrm? IP65 vkdY a&;xm;&if trIHtrTm;awGudk vHk;0r0ifEkdifatmif umuG,fxm;NyD;? ykdufeJY xkd;yufwJha&udkvnf; r0ifEkdifatmif umuG,fxm;w,f? vkdY qkdvkdygw,f/



NEMA 1 to NEMA 13 txd&Sdygw,f/ NEMA (National Electrical Manufactures Association) u owfrSwfxm;wJh vHkNcHK

atmifxkyfykd;rI tqihftwef; owfrSwfcsufukd atmufrSmazmfjyxm;ygw,f/ NEMA 1 qkdwmu trkd;tumatmuf Indoor rSmom wyfqiftoHk;jyKEkdifNyD;?

tay:u usvmwhJ trIHIUawG r0ifEkdifatmif? rawmfwqvufeJY xdrd? udkifrdvkdY r&atmif? wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f vkdY t"dyg,f&ygw,f/

NEMA 2 qkdwmu Indoor rSm wyfqiftoHk;jyKEkdifNyD; tay:uusvmwJh trIHYawG? tay:u usqif;vmwJh a&awGr0ifEkdifatmif? wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/

NEMA 3 qkdwmu trkd;tumrygbJ Outdoor rSm wyfqiftoHk;jyKEkdifNyD; rkd;a& r0if Ekdifatmif? ESif;uswJh'Pfukd cHEkdifatmif? trIHU powder eJY trIeftrTm; dust awG r0if Ekdifatmif? wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/

NEMA 3S qkdwmu NEMA 3 twkdif; umuG,fay;wJhtjyif a&cJwJh 'Pfudkyg cHEkdif atmif? wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/

NEMA 4 qkdwmu Indoor a&m? Outdoor rSmyg wyfqiftoHk;jyKEkdifNyD;? ykdufeJY yufwJh a&udk cHEkdifatmif? wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/

NEMA 4X qkdwmu NEMA 4 twkdif; umuG,fay;wJhtjyif "gwkavmifpm;rI corrosion 'Pfukd cHEkdifatmif? wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/

NEMA 6 qkdwmu Indoor a&m? Outdoor rSmyg wyfqiftoHk;jyKEdkifNyD;? trIHIUawGeJY trIeftrTm;awG r0ifEkdifatmif? ykdufeJY a&xkd;yufwmudk cHEkdifatmif? a&xJjyKwfuswmudk cHEkdifatmif? wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/

NEMA 6P qkdwmu NEMA 6 twkdif; umuG,frIay;wJhtjyif a&xJrSm MumMum epfaeNyD;rS jyefvnfq,f,l toHk;jyKwJhtcg ysufpD;rIr&Sdatmif? wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/

NEMA 7 qkdwmu Indoor rSm wyfqiftoHk;jyKEkdifNyD;? aygufuGJapwwfwJh "gwfaiGU awG? trIHU powder awG &SdwJhae&mrSm wyfqiftoHk;jyKEdkifygw,f/

NEMA 9 qkdwmu Indoor rSm wyfqiftoHk;jyKEkdifNyD; rD;avmifvG,fwJh trIeftrTm; dust awG&SdwJh ae&mrSm wyfqifEkdifygw,f/

NEMA 12 qkdwmu Indoor rSm wyfqiftoHk;NyKEkdifNyD;? powder awG? dust awG? yufjzef;wJh a&awG? pD;qif;vmwJh qDawG? r0ifEkdifatmif? wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/

NEMA 13 qkdwmu Indoor rSm wyfqiftoHk;jyKEkdifNyD;? yufjzef;wJh qDawG r0ifEkdif atmif? wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/



IP eJ Y NEMA EIdif;,SOfcsuf/ IP eJY azmfjyxm;wJh enclosure &JU ae&mrSm NEMA standard eJY owfrSwfazmfjyxm;wJh

enclosue udk tpm;xkd;oHk;pGJr,fqkd&if?

IP 20 &JUae&mrSm NEMA 1 udk tpm;xkd;oHk;vkdY &ygw,f/ IP 22 &JUae&mrSm NEMA 2 udk tpm;xkd;oHk;vkdY &ygw,f/ IP 55 &JUae&mrSm NEMA 3, 3X, 3S, 3SX wdkYudk tpm;xkd;oHk;vkdY &ygw,f/ IP 24 &JUae&mrSm NEMA 3R, 3RX wkdYudk tpm;xkd;oHk;vkdY &ygw,f/ IP 66 &JUae&mrSm NEMA 4, 4X wdkYudk tpm;xkd;oHk;vkdY &ygw,f/ IP 53 &JUae&mrSm NEMA 5 udk tpm;xkd;oHk;vkdY &ygw,f/ IP 67 &JUae&mrSm NEMA 6 eJYtpm;xdk;oHk;vkdY &ygw,f/

NEMA Class No. eJY azmfjyxm;wJh enclosure &JU ae&mrSm IP Class No. eJY azmfjyxm;

wJh enclosure ukd tpm;xkd; oHk;pGJr,fqkd&if?

NEMA 1 &JUae&mrSm IP 10 udk tpm;xdk;oHk;vkYd &ygw,f/ NEMA 2 &JUae&mrSm IP 11 udk tpm;xdk;oHk;vkYd &ygw,f/ NEMA 3 eJY 3S wkdY&JUae&mrSm IP54 udk tpm;xdk;oHk;vkYd &ygw,f/ NEMA 3R &JUae&mrSm IP14 udk tpm;xdk;oHk;vkYd &ygw,f/ NEMA 4 eJY 4X &JUae&mrSm IP56 udk tpm;xdk;oHk;vkYd &ygw,f/ NEMA 5 &JUae&mrSm IP52 udk tpm;xdk;oHk;vkYd &ygw,f/ NEMA 6 eJY 6P wkdY&JUae&mrSm IP67 udk tpm;xdk;oHk;vkYd &ygw,f/ NEMA 13 &JUae&mrSm IP54 udk tpm;xdk;oHk;vkYd &ygw,f/ NEMA 12 eJU 12K &JUae&mrSm IP52 wkdYudk tpm;xkd;oHk;vkdY &ygw,f/

IP Class No. eJY tpm;xkd;oHk;pGJvkdY r&wJh NEMA Class awGuawmh NEMA 7, 8, 9, 10, eJY 11 wkdY jzpfMuygw,f/

IP class No. rSm "gwkavmifpm;rI corrosion 'Pfudk cHEkdifaMumif; azmfjyxm;wm r&Sdygbl;/

NEMA 4 eJY 4P u corrosion 'Pfukd cHEkdifygw,f/ NEMA 6 eJY 6P u a&xJjyKwfuswJh 'Pfukd cHEkdifygw,f/ NEMA 6P u a&xJ tMumBuD; epfjrKyfwJh 'Pfukd cHEkdif&nf &Sdygw,f/


PLC Specification

Specification qdkwm tJ'D PLC eJUomoufqdkifwJh tcsuftvufawG? pkdufvuPm

awGukd azmfjyxm;wmjzpfygw,f/ PLC &JUudk,fa&;rSwfwrf; jzpfygw,f/ ukd,fodcsifwJh PLC &JU specification ukd Internet website rSm&SmazG&,lEkdifygw,f/ Google Search Engine rSm PLC &JJU model number eJY specification qdkwJhpmvHk;ukd space jcm;NyD;? kdufxnfhNyD; &SmvkdY&ygw,f/ PLC ukd 0,f,lvkduf&if PLC eJY wygwnf; Specifications a&m User Manual ukdyg vufcH &&SdrSm jzpfygw,f/ PLC wpfvHk;csif;pD&JUtaMumif;udk tao;pdyfodzdkYtwGuf OEM &JU Manual xJrSm Specification udk &SmMunfh&rSmjzpfygw,f/

PLC &JU udk,fxnfay:rSm twdkcsKyfazmfjyxm;wmudk Name Plate vdkY ac:ygw,f/ tao;pdyfodzdkYtwGuf OEM &JU Manual awGjzpfMuwJh Hardware Manual, Operation Manual, User Manual awGrSm &SmMunfh&rSmjzpfygw,f/

erlemtjzpf Delta Automation u xkwfvkyfwJh PLC awGxJu DVP-14SS-11R2 &JU Name Plate udk yHkrSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f/



'D PLC [m DVP series jzpfNyD; I/O 14 ck yg&SdaMumif;udk DVP14 eJY azmfjyxm;wm jzpfygw,f/ DVP-14SS rSmygwJha&ShpmvHk; S uawmh PLC udk,fxnf[m yg;vswJhudk,fxnf Slim type jzpfNyD; Standard Function MPU (Compact PLC) jzpfwmudk azmfjyygw,f/ SS udk PLC &JU type tjzpf rSwf,l&ygr,f/

DVP-14SS rSmygwJh aemufpmvHk; S u MPU (Main Processing Unit) jzpfaMumif;udk az:jyNyD;? DVP-14SM vdkY a&;xm;&if Input Point Expansion Unit jzpfygw,f/

11R qdkwmuawmh 24VDC udk power supply tjzpfay;&NyD; Relay output ygwJh PLC jzpfaMumif; azmfjyxm;wm jzpfygw,f/

11T vdkY a&;xm;&if 24VDC udk power supply tjzpfay;&NyD; Transistor output ygwJh PLC jzpfygw,f/

DVP14SS11R2T225020 vdkY a&;xm;wmu Serial eHygwfjzpfygw,f/ 14SS11R u

PLC &JU Model No. jzpfNyD;? R &JU aemufrSm&dSwJh 2 u Version No. jzpfygw,f/ T u xkwfvkyfwJhae&m (Taoyuan) udk azmfjywmjzpfygw,f/ T &JU aemufrSm&dSwJh 2 u xkwfvkyfwJh ckESpf 2002 jzpfNyD; 25 u xkwfvkyfwJh week udk azmfjyxm;wmjzpfygw,f/ (1 ESpfrSm 52 weeks &Sdygw,f) / 020 u Batch No. jzpfygw,f/


OD;pd k;wifh PLC vrf;nTef DVP-14SS-11R2 &JU Specification udk atmufrSmazmfjyxm;ygw,f/

DVP-14SS-11R2 ukd 24VDC power supply ay;&ygw,f/ Clean and Regulated 24VDC ukd DVP-PS02 power supply unit u xkwfay; ygw,f/

Power supply &JU t&G,ftpm; capacity ukd a&G;cs,fwJh tcgrSm vuf&SdtoHk;jyKaewJh power (watt) xuf tenf;qHk; 15% ykdNyD;wGuf&ygw,f/ aemifwkd;csJU wyfqifr,fh I/O Device awGtwGufjzpfygw,f/



tJ'DrSmygwJh Program Capacity: 3792 Steps; Built-in EEPROM udk MunfhNyD; "mwfcJxnfhp&m rvdkwJh PLC trsdK;tpm; jzpfaMumif; odEdkifygw,f/ 1 Step [m 1 Word (16 bits) eJY wlnDygw,f/

Input Point Electric Specifications qdkwmu tJ'D PLC &JU Input ydkif; taMumif;udk

azmfjyxm;wm jzpfygw,f/ Input Type qdkwmu signal [m DC24V jzpfNyD; S/S terminal udk positive (+) jzpfjzpf?

negative () jzpfjzpf Sink or Source qufoG,fvdkY&wJh taMumif;udk azmfjyxm;wmjzpfygw,f/ Motion Level qdkwmu switching voltage udk ajymwmjzpfygw,f/ ON signal jzpfzdkY

twGuf 16V xuf rsm;&rSm jzpfNyD; OFF signal jzpfzdkYtwGuf 14.4V xuf enf;&rSm jzpfyg w,f/

Responding Time About 10ms qdkwmu Input terminal rSm ON signal a&mufNyD; 10ms MumrS PLC u signal udk &&dSwm? todtrSwfjyKwm? jzpfygw,f/ Input interface &JU signal transfer delay udk 10ms rSm xm;&dSw,fvdkY ajymwmjzpfygw,f/ 10ms xuf wdkawmif;wJh (jrefqefwJh) electrical noise voltage awGudk signal tjzpf todtrSwf rjyKcsifvdkY aESmifhaES;atmif delay vkyfxm;ay;&wmjzpfygw,f/ tJ'D delay time udk Data Register D1020 eJY D1021 xJrSm0ifNyD; jyifa&;vdkY &ygw,f/

Input Interface taMumif;udk 'Dpmtkyf&JU pmrsufESm (43) rSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

Output Point Specifications qdkwmu output interface taMumif;udk azmfjyxm;wm

jzpfygw,f/ PLC &JU type [m DVP-14SS-11R jzpfcJh&if Relay output jzpfNyD; output terminal 1ck [m 1.5A (AC or DC Load) 0efudk xrf;aqmifEdkifygw,f/ tJ'gudk Load current vdkY ac:ygw,f/ COM (common) terminal uawmh 5A Load udk xrf;aqmifEdkifygw,f/ AC Load udk oHk;&if 250VAC xuf rausmfzdkYeJY DC Load udkoHk;&if 30VDC xuf rausmfvGefzdkY owfrSwfazmfjyxm;ygw,f/


OD;pd k;wifh PLC vrf;nTef PLC xJrSm xnfhoGif;wnfaqmufxm;wJh Output Relay &JU contact [m OFF (open)

uae ON (close) jzpfzdkY MumwJhtcsdefu 10ms jzpfaMumif;udk Responding Time About 10ms vkdY azmfjyxm;wm jzpfygw,f/ Contact travelling time = 10ms jzpfygw,f/

PLC &JU type [m DVP-14SS-11T jzpfcJh&if tJ'D PLC [m Transistor Output jzpfNyD; output terminal 1ck [m 0.1A (100mA) DC Load udkom 0efxrf;Edkifygw,f/

30VDC xuf rydkwJh Load udkom toHk;jyKEdkifygw,f/ Output delay uawmh OFF to ON = 15s eJY ON to OFF = 25s wdkY jzpfygw,f/

The PLC I/O Response Time: The total response time of the PLC from the input signal to the output signal is

calculated as follows: Response Time = input interface delay time + program scan time + output interface delay time

Input delay time &,f? Program Scan time &,f? Output delay time &,f oHk;ck aygif;

MumwJh pkpkaygif;tcsdefudk PLC &JU Total response time vdkY ac:ygw,f/




tcef; (5) PLC Wiring jyKvkyfyH k/

PLC ukd wyfqif toHk;jyKawmhr,f qkd&if Panel xJrSm Mount vkyf wyfqif&yg

w,f/ wyfqifNyD;&if wiring jyKvkyf&ygw,f/ PLC Wiring udk

1/ Power Supply Wiring 2/ Input Wiring 3/ Output Wiring qkdNyD; 3 rsdK;cJGJjcm;a&;om;azmfjyygr,f/

Power supply Wiring

AC power supply ay;&wJh PLC trsdK;tpm; eJY DC power supply ay;&wJh PLC trsdK;tpm; qkdNyD; PLC 2rsdK; 2pm; &Sdygw,f/

AC power supply ay;&wJh PLC rSmvnf; voltage range 2rsdK; &Sdygw,f/ AC100V eJY AC220V wkdY jzpfMuygw,f/ tJ'D 2rsdK; xJu 1rsdK; ukd a&G;cs,fwJh cvkwf selector switch wyfqifNyD; xkwfvkyfwJh PLC vnf; &Sdygw,f/ Autovoltage tjzpf 100VAC eJY 240VAC Mum; BudKufwJh voltage ay;vkdY&wJh PLC rsdK;ukdvnf; xkwfvkyfygw,f/

trSm;t,Gif; rjzpfay:atmifvkdY PLC ay:rSma&;xm;wmukda&m? Manual xJrSm a&;om;azmfjyxm;wmukdyg aoaocsmcsmzwfMunhfNyD;rS Power supply connection ukd quf oG,foifhygw,f/

AC power supply ukd qufoG,fwJh tcgrSm isolation transformer udk oHk;NyD;? qufwm taumif;qHk; jzpfygw,f/ Primary winding u oyfoyf? Secondary winding u oyfoyf? separate winding yg&SdNyD; Faradays Shield ygwJh transformer rsdK;udk isolation transformer vkdY ac:ygw,f/

Power Supply wiring vkyfwJhtcg two pole switch eJY fuse udk xnfhoGif;wyfqif oifhygw,f/ Servicing jyKvkyfwJhtcgrSm personal safety &&SdzkdYjzpfygw,f/


DC power supply ay;&wJh PLC trsm;pk[m 24VDC ukd power supply tjzpf

toHk;jyKMuygw,f/ Clean and Regulated 24VDC ukd oHk;wm taumif;qHk; jzpfygw,f/ Power supply &JU t&G,ftpm; capacity ukd a&G;cs,fwJh tcgrSm vuf&SdtoHk;jyKaewJh

power (watt) xuftenf;qHk; 15% ykdNyD;wGuf&ygw,f/ aemifwkd;csJU wyfqifr,fh I/O Device awGtwGufjzpfygw,f/




Input Wiring Warning Emergency and interlocking circuits must be configured outside the PLC. If such a circuit is configured inside the PLC, failure of the PLC may cause disorder of the control system, damage, or accidents.

Caution Use a power supply of the rated value. Use of a wrong power supply may cause fire hazard.

Use an IEC127-approved fuse on the power line outside the PLC. This is required when exporting equipment containing PLC to Europe.

Use an EU-approved circuit breaker. This is required when exporting equipment containing PLC to Europe.

Do not connect to the ground directly from the PLC. Connect a protective ground to the equipment containing PLC using an M4 or larger screw. This is required when exporting equipment containing PLC to Europe.

If relays or transistors in the PLC output circuit fail, outputs may remain on or off. For output signals which may cause heavy accidents, provide a monitor circuit outside of the PLC.

PLC rSm Analog Input (AI) eJY Discrete Input (DI) vkdY 2rsdK; &SdwJhtxJu discrete input wiring taMumif;ukd qufvufazmfjyygr,f/

Discrete input trsdK;tpm;rSmvnf; signal 2rsdK; uGJjym;ygao;w,f/ tJ'guawmh AC input signal eJY DC input signal wkdY jzpfMuygw,f/ AC input signal ay;vkdY&wJh PLC &JU signal range uvnf; 2rsdK; &Sdygw,f/ wpfrsdK;u AC100V signal jzpfNyD; aemufwpfrsdK;u AC200V signal jzpfygw,f/

OD;pd k;wifh PLC vrf;nTef AC signal a&m? DC signal yg? BudKufwm ay;vkdY&wJh Omron PLC C200H-IM211 ukd

atmufrSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

12 to 24VAC/DC Input Terminal { Omron PLC C200H-IM211 }

C200H-IM211 rSm 12~24VAC/DC ukd Input signal tjzpf owfrSwf xm;ygw,f/ qkdvkdwmu C200H-IM211 [m Input Terminal ukd 12 to 24VDC signal jzpfjzpf? 'grSr[kwf 12 to 24VAC signal jzpfjzpf? input signal ay;vkdY&wJh PLC jzpfygw,f/

AC220V ukd power supply tjzpf ay;oGif;&wJh PLC awGrSm input signal u AC type jzpfcJh&if 220VAC ukd signal voltage tjzpf ay;oGif;&ygw,f/ AC100V ukd power supply tjzpf ay;oGif;&wJh PLC awGrSm input signal [m AC type jzpfcJh&if 100VAC ukd signal voltage tjzpf toHk;jyKMuygw,f/

atmufrSm erlemtjzpf Omron PLC CQM1 ukd azmfjyxm;ygw,f/



Omron PLC CQM1-IA121 Omron PLC CQM1-IA221

Power Supply ukd AC voltage ay;oGif;&NyD; input signal u DC type jzpfcJh&if tJ'D

DC voltage udk PLC xJuae xkwfay;avh&Sdygw,f/ tay:yHkrSmaz:jyxm;ygw,f/ tJ'D DC voltage source udk sensor power output vkdYvnf; ac:ygw,f/


OD;pd k;wifh PLC vrf;nTef erlemtjzpf Allen-Bradley MicroLogix 1000 ukd atmufrSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f/

DC24V udk PLC &JU Power supply tjzpfay;oGif;&wJh PLC trsdK;tpm; jzpfcJh&if

olU&JU input signal uvnf; DC24V yJ jzpfavh&Sdygw,f/ erlemtjzpf Mitsubishi PLC FX1N-24MR-DS ukd atmufrSmazmfjyxm;ygw,f/

DC24V


Input Power Supply

DC24V Output for sensors

Output


DC input signal ay;oGif;&wJh PLC trsdK;tpm;awGrSm ay;oGif;&wJh input signal range twkdif;twm[m trsdK;rsdK;&Sdygw,f/ OyrmtaeeJY azmfjy&&if Omron PLC jzpfwJh CQM1-ID111 eJY ID112 wdkYrSm 12VDC ukd input signal tjzpf owfrSwfxm;ygw,f/

CQM1-ID211 rSm 12 to 24VDC ukd Input signal tjzpf owfrSwfxm;NyD;? CQM1-ID212 rSm 24VDC ukd Input signal tjzpf owfrSwfxm;ygw,f/ atmufu ykHukd

Munfhyg/



Omron PLC CQM1-ID112 Omron PLC CQM1-ID111 Input common ikwfukd S/S vdkYra&;yJ COM vkdY a&;xm;NyD; sink eJY source ajymif;quf

vkdY&wJh PLC awGvnf; &SdMuygw,f/ tay:ykHukdMunfhyg/



Omron PLC CQM1-ID211 Omron PLC CQM1-ID212

Omron PLC CQM1-ID211 eJY CQM1-ID212 wkdYuawmh sink or source qufvkdY&wJh COM vkdY a&;xm;wJh PLC trsdK;tpm;jzpfygw,f/ tay:ykHukdMunfhyg/

t0ifikwf Input terminal eJY bHkoufqkdifwJhikwf COM Mum;rSm 24 VDC udk sensor eJY series cHNyD; qufay;&wJh PLC u wpfrsdK;? Input terminal eJY COM terminal Mum;rSm Sensor ukdom wkdufkdufqufay;&wJh PLC u wpfrsdK;? qkdNyD;awmh 2rsdK; &Sdygw,f/

PLC &JU jyifyuae 24VDC ay;p&mrvkdyJ input device udk t0ifikwf eJY COM ikwfMum; wkdufkduf

A Guide to PLC (U Soe Tint) Rev 1.0

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Transcript of A Guide to PLC (U Soe Tint) Rev 1.0