A Century of A Century of ExpansionExpansion

The Realization of The Realization of America’s Destiny: America’s Destiny: 1763-18671763-1867

Before IndependenceBefore Independence

Britain wins the French Britain wins the French & Indian War& Indian War

Royal government Royal government needs to pay off war needs to pay off war debts – will lead to debts – will lead to Stamp Act Stamp Act etc;etc;

Colonial expansion Colonial expansion restricted by the restricted by the Proclamation Line of 17Proclamation Line of 176363

Gains of the Gains of the Revolutionary Revolutionary

WarWar Treaty of Paris - 1Treaty of Paris - 1

783783 Living space from Living space from

Appalachians west Appalachians west to the Mississippi to the Mississippi RiverRiver

Eases population Eases population pressure on the pressure on the Atlantic seaboardAtlantic seaboard

The Louisiana PurchaseThe Louisiana Purchase

Napoleon and France did not hold onto it for long!Napoleon and France did not hold onto it for long!

The Louisiana PurchaseThe Louisiana Purchase

In 1803 President Jefferson just wanted New Orleans.In 1803 President Jefferson just wanted New Orleans. Sec. of State Madison got all 900,000 acres for $15 million.Sec. of State Madison got all 900,000 acres for $15 million.

The Louisiana The Louisiana PurchasePurchase

Was the purchase legal?

Jefferson’s argument

What did we just buy? The need to find out, leads to Lewis & Clark Expedition

Lewis & Clark, and Zebulon Lewis & Clark, and Zebulon PikePike

Lewis & Clark expLewis & Clark expedition edition reaches the reaches the Pacific OceanPacific Ocean

Zebulon Pike Zebulon Pike explores the explores the Rocky Mountains Rocky Mountains in southern in southern Louisiana territoryLouisiana territory

Which nations Which nations might be might be concerned by U.S. concerned by U.S. encroachment?encroachment?

Unfinished Unfinished Business in Business in

FloridaFlorida Spain - weakened and Spain - weakened and

distracted by revolutiondistracted by revolution Seminole Indians rise Seminole Indians rise

up against settlersup against settlers

General Andrew Jackson General Andrew Jackson invadesinvades, then stays, then stays

Transcontinental Treaty (Transcontinental Treaty (Adams-Adams-OnisOnis) 1819) 1819

Missouri Compromise - 1820Missouri Compromise - 1820

Need arises because of the slavery issueNeed arises because of the slavery issue

Missouri Compromise - 1820Missouri Compromise - 1820

Missouri Missouri added as added as a slave a slave statestate

Will new latitude boundary be enforced?

Issue of slavery Issue of slavery temporarily solvedtemporarily solved

Maine Maine added as added as a free a free statestate

Don’t Mess with Texas:Don’t Mess with Texas:Independence & the Mexican-American Independence & the Mexican-American

WarWar Mexico gains Mexico gains

freedom from Spain freedom from Spain - 1821- 1821

Stephen F. Austin Stephen F. Austin founds the colony of founds the colony of Texas – 1822Texas – 1822

Texas War for Texas War for Independence 1835-Independence 1835-6 6

Santa Anna, Travis Santa Anna, Travis & The Alamo & The Alamo

Don’t Mess with Texas:Don’t Mess with Texas:Independence & the Mexican-American Independence & the Mexican-American

WarWar

-Annexation of -Annexation of Texas: 1845Texas: 1845

-President James -President James K. Polk defends K. Polk defends U.S. actions & U.S. actions & interestsinterests

-Mexican--Mexican-American War: American War: 1846-81846-8

-The Treaty of -The Treaty of Guadalupe Guadalupe HidalgoHidalgo

Gadsden Gadsden Purchase: Purchase:

18531853 30,000 sq. 30,000 sq.

miles for miles for $10 million$10 million

Done primarily for Done primarily for mining & railroad mining & railroad interestsinterests

American American interest interest grows after grows after Lewis & Lewis & Clark Clark expeditionexpedition

2,000 mile 2,000 mile journey on journey on the Oregon the Oregon Trail to get Trail to get therethere

Oregon Country: Oregon Country: Claiming the Northwest TerritoriesClaiming the Northwest Territories

American American settlers want settlers want land as far north land as far north as possibleas possible

54-40’ or Fight 54-40’ or Fight argument led by argument led by James PolkJames Polk

Agreement with Agreement with Britain reached Britain reached at 49at 49thth Parallel Parallel

Oregon Country: Oregon Country: Claiming the Northwest TerritoriesClaiming the Northwest Territories

Alaska: 1867Alaska: 1867 Seward’s Folly? I don’t think so!Seward’s Folly? I don’t think so!

The Dream of The Dream of 17631763

Realized by Realized by 18671867

But how would the closing of the frontier affect

America?