Thomas Jefferson

• Third president of the United States

• First president to take his oath of office in the Capital Building in Washington D.C.

• Designed his home at Monticello

John Marshall • Chief Justice of the

Supreme Court • Said the “Supreme Law

of the Land” was the Constitution

The Louisiana Purchase

• Since 1763, Spain controlled all the territory between the Mississippi River & the Rocky Mountains

• Spain gave this territory to France

• Napoleon Bonaparte sent French troops to the West Indies, but failed to conquer because of yellow fever & a slave revolt led by Toussaint L’Ouverture

• France decided give up their quest to conquer America

• James Monroe & Robert Livingston arranged to buy the territory for $15 million.

Lewis & Clark• Explored the Louisiana

Purchase territory • A woman named

Sacajawea (means “Bird Woman” in Shoshone) helped guide them

• The Sioux admired Captain Lewis’ courage

• They reached the Missouri River & followed it to the Pacific Ocean

• a

Barbary Pirates War 1805

• Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli are cities along the Barbary Coast in North Africa along the Mediterranean Sea

• Pirates demanded bribes before releasing ships, or kept the ships & sold the crew as slaves

• Instead of paying bribes, Jefferson sent warships & defeated the pirates

Jefferson Tries to Avoid War

• England & France were at war

• America wanted to remain neutral

• Napoleon stopped neutral ships from entering ports (The Continental System)

• In 1807, the American warship Chesapeake was ordered to stop & surrender to the English warship Leopard

• Congress passed the Embargo Act

• Forbid American ships from entering foreign ports

• This hurt American merchants