A: Achet A: Achet

An amulet for luck An amulet for luck Represented the Represented the

sun sun Made of red stone Made of red stone

or red glassor red glass

B: BenbenB: Benben

Symbol of the sun Symbol of the sun godgod

Linked to Primeval Linked to Primeval MoundMound

Linked to Amun Linked to Amun

C: CoffinC: Coffin

Container to hold Container to hold mummymummy

Shape of human Shape of human body or rectanglebody or rectangle

Made of different Made of different materialsmaterials

D: DreamsD: Dreams

Dreams were sent Dreams were sent by godsby gods

Told the futureTold the future Were either good Were either good

or bad or bad

E: Epagomenal Days E: Epagomenal Days

360 days each year360 days each year Realized days Realized days

weren’t in tune weren’t in tune with season, added with season, added five days to end of five days to end of yearyear

The goddess Nut The goddess Nut gave birth to her gave birth to her five children on five children on those daysthose days

F: Funerary Beliefs F: Funerary Beliefs

Burials were just Burials were just pit graves with pit graves with mummy insidemummy inside

Started burying Started burying everyday objects everyday objects with mummieswith mummies

Pharaohs were Pharaohs were moved to tombs moved to tombs

G: GoldG: Gold

Found in the Red Found in the Red Land Land

Most precious thing Most precious thing in Egyptin Egypt

““Flesh of the Gods”Flesh of the Gods”

H: Hathor H: Hathor

Cow was her Cow was her symbolsymbol

Oldest and most Oldest and most beloved goddessbeloved goddess

Became Mother Became Mother Goddess Goddess

I: Immortality I: Immortality

Meant you could Meant you could live foreverlive forever

Only for those pure Only for those pure of heartof heart

The life after deathThe life after death

J: Judgment Day J: Judgment Day

After death, chance After death, chance to become to become immortalimmortal

Heart weighed Heart weighed against featheragainst feather

If heart was If heart was heavier, you would heavier, you would not exist not exist

K: KhatK: Khat

Mummified body Mummified body only home for khatonly home for khat

Spells to protect Spells to protect khatkhat

Offerings for khat Offerings for khat

L: Letters to the DeadL: Letters to the Dead

Practiced writing Practiced writing letters to the deadletters to the dead

Wrote in a bowl full Wrote in a bowl full of offeringsof offerings

Asked for help on Asked for help on Judgment DayJudgment Day

M: MummyM: Mummy

Dead, preserved Dead, preserved bodybody

Made by priests Made by priests Have spells done Have spells done

over themover them

N: Nile RiverN: Nile River

Without Nile River, Without Nile River, no Egypt no Egypt

Good when Nile Good when Nile floods floods

Prayed to Sobek Prayed to Sobek

O: OsirisO: Osiris

Close relations with Close relations with many godsmany gods

God of death and God of death and rebirthrebirth

Murdered by Murdered by brother, Seth brother, Seth

P: PriestsP: Priests

Unsealed and Unsealed and sealed templessealed temples

Lead by Chief Lead by Chief Priest [pharaoh] Priest [pharaoh]

Were closest to Were closest to godsgods

Q: Queen HatshepsutQ: Queen Hatshepsut

Greatest female Greatest female rulerruler

Addressed as a Addressed as a man after man after becoming pharaohbecoming pharaoh

Sent expeditions to Sent expeditions to other lands other lands

R: Ramses IIR: Ramses II

Made big building Made big building projectsprojects

Egypt’s last Egypt’s last warrior-pharaohwarrior-pharaoh

Had over 100 sons Had over 100 sons

S: Social Classes S: Social Classes

Jobs based on Jobs based on social classessocial classes

Classes like Classes like pyramids; top to pyramids; top to bottombottom

Very importantVery important

T :TutankhamenT :Tutankhamen

Not important rulerNot important ruler Everything made of Everything made of

gold and finerygold and finery Had six daughters Had six daughters

and a wifeand a wife

U: UnderworldU: Underworld

Need to be dead Need to be dead and preservedand preserved

Defeat any threatDefeat any threat Reach west of Nile Reach west of Nile

before sun setsbefore sun sets

V: Valley of the KingsV: Valley of the Kings

Important rulers in Important rulers in tombstombs

11 identified tombs11 identified tombs Some family Some family

members includedmembers included

W: WomenW: Women

Considered sacredConsidered sacred Highly respectedHighly respected Had more rights Had more rights

than in other than in other countriescountries

Work CitedWork Cited

Burgan, Michael. Burgan, Michael. Valley of the KingsValley of the Kings. Capstone Press: 2005 . Capstone Press: 2005

Chrisp, Peter. Chrisp, Peter. Revealed Revealed Ancient EgyptAncient Egypt. Dorling Kindersley: 2002. Dorling Kindersley: 2002

Cohen, Daniel. Cohen, Daniel. Ancient EgyptAncient Egypt. Daniel Cohen: 1990. Daniel Cohen: 1990

Day, Nancy. Day, Nancy. Your Travel Guide to Ancient EgyptYour Travel Guide to Ancient Egypt. Nancy Day: 2001. Nancy Day: 2001

Ganeri, Anita. Ganeri, Anita. Focus on Focus on Ancient EgyptiansAncient Egyptians. Gloucester Press: 1993. Gloucester Press: 1993

McCracken, Harold. McCracken, Harold. MummyMummy. The Columbia Encyclopedia: 2000. The Columbia Encyclopedia: 2000

Pollard, Michael. Pollard, Michael. The Nile.The Nile. Marshall Cavendish: 1998 Marshall Cavendish: 1998

Remler, Pat. Remler, Pat. Egyptian Mythology A to ZEgyptian Mythology A to Z. Pat Remler: 2000 . Pat Remler: 2000