7th Session Voluntary Counselling & Testing
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Transcript of 7th Session Voluntary Counselling & Testing
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8/13/2019 7th Session Voluntary Counselling & Testing
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Voluntary Counselling & Testing.
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What is VCT?
VCT is a public health strategy that aims at reducingpreventing) HIV transmission by:
1. Increasing peoples access to knowledge and
understanding of HIV status on a voluntary basis
2. Facilitating early uptake of services for
HIV-positive and -negative people (medical,
psychological, legal, social)
3. Providing tools for the adoption of safe behaviour
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What is VCT? (contd)
4. Increasing awareness and information incommunities
5. Reducing and removing stigmatization and
discrimination associated with the epidemic
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United Nations Policy
VCT is based on the requirement that
testing for HIV be based on the informed
consentof the person being tested.
HIV Testing must alwaysbe the
individuals informeddecision.
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Goals of VCT {1}
1. Prevention of HIV Transmission:
From +ve tested people to -ve or
untested partner/s.
From +ve tested mother to child.
To -ve tested people from +ve or untestedpartner/s.
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Goals of VCT {2}
2. Promote Early Uptake Of Services: Medical care. ARV therapy
Treatment & prevention of OIs
PMTCT
Family planning. Emotional care.
Counselling for positive living. Social support. Legal advice and future planning.
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Goals of VCT {3}
Normalisation of HIV.
Challenging stigma.
Promoting awareness.
Supporting human rights.
Societal
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Guiding principle of VCT
Confidential
Accompanied by Counselling
Only be conducted with Consent, i.e. both
informed and voluntary
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What is confidentiality?
Confidentiality arises when:
There is a confidential relationship, the nature of
which may be dependent on factors of trust,
knowledge and skill
Information which otherwise would not be disclose
to other without the clients consent .
For example, doctorpatient and counsellorclient
relationship
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Informed consent for HIV testing
Pre-test counselling should include:
engagement and assessment
risk reduction and planning assistance
review and signing the consent form
Post-test counselling should include:
presentation and encouragement
priorities and follow-up
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Symptoms or worries leading to a decision to know HIV status
Counselling before testing, including assessment of risk behaviour and psychosocial
condition, and provision or oral and written factual information.
Providing time to consider
Blood test declined Blood sample taken
HIV Negative
Reinforcing appropriate behaviour and
encouraging change of in-appropriate
behaviour.
HIV Positive
Breaking the news sensitively; assessing capacity to manage
news; providing time for discussion; helping to adjust to
situation and making appropriate and reasonable plans.
Explaining that even in a low-risk situation,
care needs to be taken to avoid infection and
possible transmission.
Providing on-going counselling that involves family, friends &others; mobilising family and community support; identifying
other sources of support; encouraging responsible behaviour.
Providing continuing counselling, including stimulating
motivation to reduce risks of transmission; where appropriate,
identifying other sources of support, including medical, hospital
and possibly hospice care.
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Essential elements of VCT services
Determining the clients knowledge
Providing information
Conduct risk assessment
Develop risk reduction plan
Demonstrating correct condom use
Counselling about the test result
Assessing the clients capacity and ability to cope
Counselling on how to inform partner how to refer partner for
testing
Providing psychological and emotional support and referrals,as appropriate
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VCT sites should have at least the
following
An appropriate private room for counselling
A room for HIV testing
A comfortable waiting area
Appropriate equipment, test kits and other supplies .
A trained counsellor
A health worker/laboratory worker certified in HIV testing
Appropriate record keeping, monitoring and evaluation
system
IEC materials, condoms and other supplies.
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Voluntary Versus Mandatory Testing as a
Public Health Strategy
There is no evidence to support the use of
mandatory HIV testing.
There is evidence to suggest that promoting
and offering VCT is an effective public health
strategy.
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What are the Documented Benefits
of VCT ?
VCT reduces risk behaviour, especially in those
tested positive.
VCT assists in test-making decision-making and
coping.
VCT assists HIV status disclosure to family members
& loved-ones.
VCT facilitates access to community support,
material support & psychosocial care.
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Who benefits from accessing HIV counseling and
testing?
Populations most at risk such as FSW,MSW, MSM, IDU, migrants, Pregnant women
People who perceive themselves at risk of HIV infection throughunsafe practices frequent or unprotected sex
injecting drug use
People who had a potential exposure: through unsafe blood supplies or contaminated equipment
victims of rape
Children of HIV positive mothers
Adolescents and young people
Couples planning to commence a sexual relationship or marryand/or have children
Sexual or needle sharing partners of PLHA
People with sign symptom of STI
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