7323169 Emergency Drugs

7/31/2019 7323169 Emergency Drugs

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Commonly Asked Emergency Drugs

Emergency Drug Initial Dose Indications

Adenosine 6 mg

Atropine sulfate 0.5 1 mg.q 3-5 min Bradycardia

Epinephrine 1 mg.q 3-5 min Cardiac arrest

Lasix 0.5-1 mg/kg Pulmonary edema

Lidocaine 1-1.5 mg/kg Ventricular fibrillation, Ventricular tachycardiaMagnesium sulfate 1-2 g Ventricular tachycardia r/t hypomagnesemia

Morphine Sulfate 1-3 mg Chest pain, pulmonary edema

Narcan 0.02-2mg Narcotic respiratory depression

Nitroglycerine 0.4 mg SL Chest pain, pulmonary edema

Vasopressin 40 units Cardiac arrest

Antidotes

Agents Antidotes

Acetaminophen Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

Anticholinesterase Atropine So4

Anticholinergics PhysostigmineBenzodiazepines Flumazenil

Coumadine Vitamin K

Cyanide Sodium nitrate

Digoxin Digoxin immune fab (Digibind)

Dopamine Phentolamine

Heparin Protamine sulfate

Iron Deferoxamine

Lead Dimercaprol, edetate disodium and succimer

Magnesium Sulfate Calcium gluconate

Narcotics Naloxone

Drug Name Endings: What they can suggest you!!!

Endings class

*cain Local anesthetics

*cillin Antibiotics

*dine Antiulcer agent

*done Opiod analgesics

*ide Oral hypoglycemics

*lam/

*pam

Antianxiety

*micin/

*mycinAntibiotics

*mine/

*zideDiuretics

*olol Beta blockers

*pril ACE inhibitors

*sone Steroids


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FREQUENTLY ASKED MEDICATIONS

Drugs Trade /(generics) Classification Desired Effects Best Time to be Taken

1 Aminophylline

(theophylline)Bronchodilator To case breathing AM / empty stomach

2 Amphogel

(aluminum hydroxide)Antacid phosphate level Between meals and HS

3 Antabuse

(disulfiram)

Antialcoholic agent Avoidance of alcohol After 12 hrs. stoppage

from alcohol

4 Aspirin (ASA) Anti-inflammatory

Anti-pyretic

Analgesic

temperature

pain andinflammation

Full stomach

5 Atropine SO4 Anticholinergic and

Vagolytic heart rate and

decrease secretion s

30 PC

6 Bacterium

(cotrimoxazole)

Antibiotic (-) infection PC

7 Benadryl

(diphenhydramine hcl)

Antihistamine

Anti EPS

(-) allergy

(-) movement

syndrome

Best taken with food

8 Celestone

(betamethazone)

Steroids respiratory distress

in newborn

Best taken with food

9 Cytoxan

(cyclophosphamide)

Antineoplastic size of tumor AM

10 Diabinase

(chlorpropaminde)Antidiabetic agent Normal glucose range AM

11 Diamox(acetazolamide)

Antiglaucomaantidiuretics

urine output vertigo

AM with meals

12 Digoxin (lanoxin) Cardiac glycoside Normal heart rate AM

13 Dilantin (phenytoin) Anti-convulsant (-) seizure Best taken with food

14 Diuril (chlorothiazide) Diuretics urine output Best taken with food

15 Epinephrine Bronchodilator heart rate AM

16 Flagyl (metronidazole) Antihelmintic (-) helminth Best taken with food

17 Haldol (haloperidol) Antipsychotic (+) symptoms of

psychosis

AC

18 Kayexalate Promote excretions serum K


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of K

19 Lasix (furosemide) Diuretic urine output AM

20 Lithane (LiCO3) Antimanic hyperactivity PC

21 Lovenox (mevacor) Antithrombotic (-) thrombosis

22 Magnesium SO4 Anticonvulsant (-) convulsion

23 Mastinon

(pyridostigmine)

Cholinesterase

inhibitormuscle strength PC

24 Mathergine

(methylergonovine

maleate)

Oxytocic for postpartum atony

Firmly contracteduterus

25 Monoamine oxidase

inhibitor

Antidepressant Improved sleeping

pattern

PC

26 Nitroglycerin Antiangina (-) chest pain Best taken before anystrenuous activity

27 Pancrease (pancreatin) Pancreatic enzyme (-) fat in the stool Between meal and

snacks

28 Phenergan

(promethazine

hyrochloride)

Antihistamine (-) allergy Empty stomach

29 Reserpine (serpasil) Antihypertensive BP Best taken with meals

30 Ritalin

(methylphenidate)

Stimulant hyperactivity AM / PC

31 Robaxin

(methocarbamol)

Skeletal muscle

relaxant

(-) muscle spasm AM

32 Synthroid

(levothyroxine sodium)Thyroid hormonesupplement

Normal T4 level AM

33 Tagamet (cimetidine) Antiacidity (-) heartburn Best taken with food

34 Thorazine

(chlorpromazine hcl)

Antipsychotic (-) positive signs of

psychosis

PC

35 Valium (diazepam) Antianxiety (-) anxiety AC

36 Xylocaine (lidocaine) Antiarrythmic Normal heart rate

37 Zyloprim (allopurinol) Antigout uric acid Best taken with food


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Common Tubes

Table or Apparatus Purpose Examples of Use Key points

Miller-Abbott tube Longer than Levin

tube; has mercury of

air in bags so tube canbe used to decompress

the lower intestinaltract

1. Small-bowel

obstructions

2. Intussusception3. Volvulus

1. Care similar to that

Levin NG tube

irrigated.2. connected to

suction, not steriletechnique

3. orders will be

written on how to

advance the tubegently pushing

tube a few inches

each hour, patientposition may affect

advancement oftube

4. X-rays determine

the desired

location of tube

Cantor Tube To drain bile from the

common bile duct

until edema hassubscribed

Cholecystectomy

when a common duct

exploration (CDE) orcholedochostomy was

also done

1. Bile drainage is

influenced by

position of thedrainage bag.

2. Clamp tubes as

ordered to see if

bile will flow intoduodenum,

normally.

T-tube A type of closed-

wound drainage

connected to suction-used to drain, a large

amount of

serosanguineousdrainage from under

an incision

1. Mastectomy

2. Total hip

procedure3. Total knee

procedure

1. May compress

unit, and have

portable vacuum orconnect to wall

suction.

2. Small drainagetube may get

clogged physician

may irrigate theseat times

Hemovac A method of closed

wound suctiondrainage indicate

when tissue

displacement andtissue trauma may

1. Neurosurgery

2. Neck surgery3. Mastectomy

4. Total knee and hip

replacement5. Abdominal surgery

Empty reservoir when

full, to prevent loss ofwound drainage and

back contamination


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occur with rigid drain

tubes (e.g Hemovac)

6. Urological

procedure

Jackson-Pratt See Hemovac See Hemovac See Hemovac

Three-way Foley To provide avenues for

constant irrigation and

constant drainage ofurinary bladder

1. Transurethral

resection (TUR)

2. Bladder infection

Watch for blocking by

clots causes bladder

spasmsIrrigant solution often

has antibiotic added tonormal salin or sterilewater

Sterile water rather

than normal saline

may be used for lysisof clots

Suprapubic catheter To drain bladder viaan opening through the

abdominal wall above

the pubic bone

Suprapubicprostatectomy

May have orders toirrigate prn or

continuously

Ureteral catheter To drain urine feomthe pelvis of one

kidney, or for splintingureter

1. Cystoscopy fordiagnostic

workups2. Ureteral surgery

3. Pyelotomy

Never clamp the tube-pelvis of kidney only

holds 4-8 mLUse only 5 mL sterile

normal saline if

ordered to irrigate

Common Diagnostics Procedures

Noninvasive Diagnostic Procedures

Characteristics:1. it provides an indirect assessment of organ size, shape, and / or function

2. it is safe

3. it is easily reproducible4. it requires less complex equipment for recording

5. it does not require the written consent of patient or guardian

General Nursing Tasks:

1. Decrease patients anxieties and offer support by

a. Explain purpose and procedure of testb. Acknowledge questions regarding safety of the procedure

c. Remain with the patient while the procedure is going on2. Use procedure in the collection of specimens that avoids contamination

A. Graphic studies of Heart and brain

1. Electrocardiogram (ECG) graphic record of electrical activity generated by the heart

during depolarization and repolarazation.- diagnose abnormal cardiac rhythms and coronary heart disease


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2. Echocardiography (ultrasound cadiography) graphic record of motions produced by

cardiac structure as high-frequency sound vibrations are echoed though chest wall into theheart.

- used to demonstrate valvular or other structural deformities, detect pericardial

effudion, diagnose tumors and cardiomegaly, evaluate prosthetic valve function.

3. Electroencephalogram (ECG) graphic record of the electrical potentials generated by thephysiological activity of the brain

- used to detect surface lesions or tumors of the brain and presence of epilepsy.

4. Echoencephalogram beam of ultrasound is passed though the head, and returning echoes

are graphically recorded.- used to detect subdural hematomas, intracerebral hemorrhage, or tumors.

B. Roentgenological studies (X-ray)

1. Chest used to determine size, contour of the heart; size, location, and nature of pulmonary

lesions: pleural thickening and effusions: pulmonary vasculature: disorder of thoracic onesand soft tissues.

- used lead shield to protect pregnant woman

2. Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) used to determine size, shape, and position of kidney,

ureter and bladder

- No special consideration

3. Breast (Mammography) examination of the breast with or without the injection of theradiopaque substance into the duct of mammary gland.

- used to determined the presence of tumor or cyst (best done a week after

menstruation)

- no deodorant, perfume, powder, or ointment in underarm area on the day of X-ray(contains Calcium oxalate)

- May be uncomfortable due to the pressure on the breast. (uses two x-ray plates)

C. Roentgenological studies (FLUOROSCOPY) requires the ingestion or injection of a

contrast medium to visualize the target organ.

Additional Nursing Task:

a. Administration of enemies or cathartics before the procedure and laxative after.b. Keeping the patient NPO 6-12 hours before examination

c. Ascertain patients allergy and allergic reactions

d. Observing for allergic reactions to contrast mediume. Providing fluid and food after procedure to prevent dehydration

f. Observe stool for color and consistency until barium passes

1. Upper GI (Barium swallow) ingestion of barium sulfate or meglumine diatrizoate

(Gastrografin [white and chalky substance], followed by fluoroscopic and x-ray

examination)


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- used to determine patency and caliber of the esophagus and to detect esophageal

varices, mobility of gastric wall, presence of ulcer, filling defects due to tumor,

patency of pyloric valve and presence of structural abnormalities2. Lower GI (Barium Enema) rectal instillation of barium sulfate followed by

glouroscopic and x-ray examination

- used to determine contour and mobility of colon and presence of any space-occupying tumors. Perform before upper GI

Patients preparations:

- no food after evening meal the evening before the test

- stool softener laxatives and enema suppositories to cleanse the bowel before the test

- NPO after midnight before the test

After care:

- increased fluid intake, food and rest

- laxatives for at least two days or until stools are normal in color and consistency

3. Cholecystogram ingestion of organic iodine contrast medium (Telepaque) followed in 12

hour by x-ray visualization- gallbladder disease is indicated with poor or no visualization of the bladder

- accurate only if GI and liver function is intact

- perform before barium swallow and barium enema


- administer large amount of water with contrast capsule

- low-fat meal before evening before x-ray- oral laxative of stool softener after meal

- no food allowed after contrast capsule

After care:- increased fluid intake, food and rest

- observe for any untoward reactions

4. Intravenous Pyelography (IVP) injection of a radiopaque contrast medium in the vein

of the client to visualize ureter, bladder and kidney


- Laxative in the evening before the examination- NPO for 12 hours

- Cleaning enema morning of the procedure

After care:

- increased fluid intake, food and rest;

- observe for any untoward reactions


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D. Computed Tomography (CT) an x-ray beam sweeps around the body, allowing measuring

of various tissue densities. Provides clear radiographic deficition of structures that are not

visible by other techniques.- initial scan may be followed by contrast enhancement using an injection of

contrast agent iodine via vein, followed by a repeat scan.


- instructions for eating before test vary- clear liquids up to 2 hours before the procedure are permitted

E. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) noninvasive technique that produces cross sectional

images by exposure to magnetic energy sources. It uses no contrast medium; takes 30-0

minutes to complete. Patient may still for periods of 5-20 minutes at a time.


- patient can take food and medications except for low abdominal and pelvic studies(food and fluid withheld) 4-6 hr to decrease peristalsis)

- Restrictions

a. those who have metal implantsb. those with permanent pacemakers

c. those who are pregnant

F. Ultrasound (sonogram) uses sound waves to diagnose disorders of the thyroid, kidney,

liver, uterus, gallbladder, fetus and intracranial structures of the neonate.


- advise client not to chew gum or smoke before the procedure

- no x-ray

- for gallbladder studies; NPO for 8 hours

- for lower abdomen and uterus ; 32 ounces of water PO 30 minutes before theprocedure

G. Pulmonary function studies

Ventilatory studies use of incentive spirometer to determine how well the lung is

ventilating.

1. Vital capacity (VC) largest amount of air that can be expelled after maximal

inspiration

Normal = 4000 5000 mL.

Decrease = indicate lung diseaseIncrease or decrease = indicate chronic obstructive lung disease

2. Forced expiratory volume (FEV) percentage of vital capacity that can be forcibly

expired in 1, 2, or 3 seconds.

Normal = 80 83% in 1 sec

90 94% in 2 sec


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95 97% in 3 sec

decrease = indicate expiratory airway obstruction

H. Sputum Studies

1. Gross sputum evaluations collection of sputum samples to ascertain quantity, consistency,

color and odor2. Sputum smear sputum is smeared thinly on a slide so that it can be studied

microscopically.

- used to determine cytological changes or presence of pathogenic microorganism

3. Sputum culture sputum samples are implanted or inoculated into special media.

- used to diagnosed pulmonary infection

I. Examination of the gastric contents

1. Gastric analysis aspiration of the contents of the fasting stomach analysis of free and total

acid

Gastric acidity increase : duodenal ulcer

Gastric acidity decrease : pernicious anemia an cancer of the stomach

J. Doppler ultrasound measures blood flow in the major veins and arteries. The

transducer of the test instrument is placed on the skin, sending ultra-high-frequency

sound.

- sound varies with respiration and valsalva maneuver- no discomfort to the patient.

K. Glucose Testing to detect disorder of glucose metabolism, such as diabetes.

1. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) blood sample is drawn after a 12 fast (usually midnight).

Water is allowed.

Normal blood glucose ; 60 120 mg/dL

Diabetic patient = 126 mg/dL

2. 2 hr postprandial (PPBS) blood is taken after meal


- offer a high-carbohydrate diet for 2-4 days before testing

- patient fast overnight

- eats a high-carbohydrate breakfast- blood sample is drawn 2 hr interval

- no cigarette smoking and caffeine for these may increase glucose level


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Common Diagnostics Procedures

Invasive Diagnostics Procedures

Characteristics:

1. it directly records the size, shape and function of an organ;2. it requires the written consent of the patient or guardian;

3. it may result in morbidity and occasionally death.

General Nursing Task:

1. Before procedure:

a. have patient sing permit to procedure

b. ascertain and repot any patient history of allergy or allergic reactionc. explain procedure briefly and accurately

d. explain that contrast medium might cause flushing or warm feeling

e. keep patient NPO 6-12 hour before procedure if anesthesia is to be usedf. allow patient to verbalize concerns

g. administer preprocedure sedatives, as ordered

h. if procedure done at bed side:- remain with patient and offer reassurance

- assist with optimal positioning of patient

- observe for indication of complications shock, pain and dyspnea

2. After procedure:

a. observe and record vital signs

b. check injection or biopsy sites for bleeding, infection, tenderness, or thrombosis

report untoward reaction to the physician

apply warm compress to ease discomfort, as ordered

c. if tropical anesthesia is used during procedure, do not give food or fluid until gag

reflex returnsd. encourage relaxation by allowing patient to discuss experience and verbalize

feelings.

A. Procedures to evaluate the cardiovascular system

1. Angiography intravenous injection of radiopaque solution or contrast for the purpose

of studying its circulation through the patients heart, lungs and great vessels.- Used to check the competency of the heart valves, diagnose congenital septal

defects, study heart function and structure before cardiac surgery, detect occlusions

of coronary arteries.

2. Cardiac catheterization insertion of a radiopaque catheter into a vein to study the

heart great vessels.- Used to confirm diagnosis of heart disease and determine extent of disease,

measure pressures in the heart chamber and great vessels, obtain estimate of cardiacoutput, and obtain blood samples to measure oxygen content.

a. Right heart catheterization catheter is inserted through a cut-down in the

antecubital vein into the superior vena cava, through the right atrium andventricle and into the pulmonary activity.


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b. Left-heart catheterization- catheter maybe passed retrograde to the left

ventricle through the brachial and femoral artery, it can be passed through

the left atrium after right-heart catherization by means of a special needlethat punctures the septa; or it may be passed directly into the left ventricle

by means of a posterior puncture.

Specific nursing considerations:

1. Preprocedure patient teaching:a. Fatigue is a common complaint due to lying still for 3 hr

b. Feeling of fluttery sensation while the catheter is passed back into the left

ventricle

c. Flushed, warm feeling may occur when contrast medium is injected.

2. Postprocedure observations:

a. monitor ECG pattern for arrhythmiasb. check extremities for color and temperature, peripheral pulses for quality.

3. Angiography (Arteriography) injection of a contrast medium in to the arteries tostudy the vascular tree.

- Used to determine obstructions or narrowing of peripheral arteries.

B. Procedure to evaluate the respiratory system

1. Lung scan injection of radioactive isotope into the body, followed by lung scintiscan,

which produces a graphic record of gamma rays emitted by the isotopes in the tissues.- used to determine lung perfusion when pulmonary emboli and infarctions are

suspected.

2. Pulmonary angioghraphy x ray visualization of the pulmonary vasculature after theinjection of a radiopaque contrast medium.

- used to evaluate pulmonary disorders such as pulmonary embolism, lung tumor andaneurysms, and changes in the pulmonary vasculature due to such conditions as

emphysema.

3. Bronchoscopy introduction of a fiberoptic scope into the trachea and bronchi- used to inspect tracheobronchial tree for pathological changes, remove foreign

bodies or mucous plugs causing airway obstruction, and apply chemotherapeutic

agents.a. Prebronchoscopy interventions:

oral hygiene postural drainage as indicated

b. Postbronchoscopy interventions:

Instruct patient not to swallow oral secretions

Save expectorated sputum for laboratory analysis

NPO till gag reflex returns

Observe for subcutaneous emphysema and dyspnea


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Apply ice collar to reduce throat discomfort

4. Thoracentesis needle puncture through the chest wall and into the pleura

- used to remove fluid and occasionally air from the pleural space- nursing considerations

a. position : high fowlers position or sitting upon edge of the bed, with feet

supported on the chair.

b. If the patient is unable to sit up turn unto unaffected side

a. Position: high fowlers position or sitting upon edge of the bed, with feet supported on

the chair.

b. If the patient is unable to sit up-turn unto unaffected side

C. Procedures to evaluate the renal system1. Renal angiogram small catheter is inserted into the femoral artery and passed into

the aorta or renal artery, radiopaque fluid is in stilled, and serial films are taken.

- Used to diagnose renal hypertension and pheochromocytoma and differentiate renal

cyst from tumors.

Postangiogram nursing actions:

1. Check pedal pulse for signs of decreased circulation.

2. Cystoscopy Visualization of bladder, urethra, and prostatic urethra by insertion of a

tubular, lighted, telescopic lens (cystoscope) through the urinary meatus.- Used to directly inspect the bladder; collect urine from the renal pelvis; obtain biopsy

specimens from bladder and urethra; remove calculi; and treat lesions in the bladder,

urethra, and prostate.

Nursing actions following procedure:

Observe for urinary retention

Warm sitz baths to relieve discomfort

3. Renal biopsy needle aspiration of tissue from the kidney for the purpose of

microscopic examination.

Procedures to evaluate the digestive system:1. Esophagoscopy and gastroscopy visualization of the esophagus, the stomach,

and sometimes the duodenum by means of a lighted tube inserted through the

mouth.

2. Proctoscopy visualization of rectum and colon by means of a lighted tube

inserted through the anus.


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3. Peritoneoscopy direct visualization of the liver and peritoneum by means of a

peritoneoscope inserted through an abdominal stab wound.

4. Liver biospsy needle aspiration of tissue for the purpose of microscopic

examination; used to determine tissue changes, facilitate diagnosis, and provide

information regarding a disease course.

Nursing action:1. Place patient on right side and position pillow for pressure, to prevent bleeding.

5. Paracentesis needle aspiration of fluid from the peritoneal cavity used to relieve

excess fluid accumulation or for diagnostic studies.

a. Specific nursing actions before paracentesis:a. Have patient void - to prevent possible injury to bladder during

procedure

b. Position sitting up on side of bed, with feet supported bychair.

c. Check vital signs and peripheral circulation frequently

throughout procedured. Observe for signs of hypovolemic shock may occur due to

fluid shift from vascular compartment following removal of

protein rich ascitic fluid.

b. Specific nursing actions following paracentesis:

a. Apply pressure to injection site and cover with sterile dressing.

b. Measure and record amount and color of ascitic fluid; sendspecimens to lab for diagnostic studies.

D. Procedures to evaluate the reproductive system in women

1. Culdoscopy surgical procedure in which a culdoscope is inserted into theposterior vaginal cul-de-sac

- Used to visualize uterus, fallopian tube, and peritoneal contents.

2. Breast biopsy needle aspiration or incisional removal of breast tissue for

microscopic examination.

- used to differentiate among benign tumors, cysts, and malignant tumor in thebreast.

3. Uterotubal insufflation (Rubins Test) injection of carbon dioxide into thecervical canal.

- Used to determin fallopian tube patency

E. Procedure to evaluate the neuroendocrine system

1. Cerebral angiography fluoroscopic visualization of the brain vasculature

after injection of a contrast medium into the carotid or vertebral arteries

- used to localize lesions (tumors, abscesses, and occlusions) that are large enough

to distort cerebrovascular blood flow.


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2. Myelogram through a lumbar-puncture needle, a contrast medium is injected into

the subarachnoid space of the spinal column to visualize the spinal cord.

- Used to detect herniated or ruptured intervertebral disks, tumors and cysts thatcompress or distort spinal cord.

Nursing consideration:

Elevate head of bed = with water soluble contrast

Flat position with oil contrast

V/s every 4 hr for 24 hr.

3. Lumbar puncture puncture of the lumbar subarachnoid space of the spinal

cordwith a needle to withdraw samples of cerebrospinal fluid.

- Used to evaluate CSF for infections and determine presence of hemorrhage.

Note: not done if increased ICP is suspected

Position: Before : fetal position / knee chest positionAfter : flat or supine

Test Indication

Antigen skin Test to rule-out cancer of the lungs

Benedicts test For glucose monitoring

Bentonite Flacculation Test Test for filariasis

Beutlers test Test for galactosemia

Blanching test Determines the impairment in circulationBronsulpthalein test Liver angiography

Caloric test Test done by placing water in the ear canal causes nystagmus.A test for inner ear

CD4 determination Checking the immune status to AIDS patient

Cerebral perfusion test Test used to check the cerebral function

Coombs test Determines the production of the antibodies. RhoGAM isgiven (1st 72 hours)

CPK BB Test for brain muscles

CPK MB Test for cardiac muscles: for MI

CPK MM Test for muscle injury

Dark field illumination test andkalm test

Determination for the presence of syphilis

Dick test Detect scarlet fever

Dulls eye test Determines the presence of blindness. Done in 1st ten days (+)

normal (-) abnormal

ELISA test Determines presence of HIV

Gram staining and Culture of Determination for the presence of gonorrhea


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cervical and urethral smear

Gross hearing test Test used by whispering words or spoken voice test

Guthrie test Test for PKU

Heat and Acetic acid test For protein or albumin detection

Immunochromatographic test A rapid assessment method done for filariasis. The antigen test

that can be done at daytime

Jones Criteria One way of diagnosing Rheumatic heart fever

Lepronin test A screening test for leprosyLiver enzyme test For SGOT and SGPT

Liver profile test Determines Hepa-b surface antigen

Lumbar puncture Determines for the presence of meningitis and encephalitis.

Position the patient in side lying position

Malaria smear Test to confirm malaria; specimen is taken at the height or peak

of fever

Mantoux test Determination for TB exposure

Menieres test Test for vestibular function

Methylene blue test For ketone detection

Moloney test Hypersensitivity test for Diphtheria

Oxytocin challege test Determines if the fetus can tolerate uterine contraction; (+) CSis necessary

Pandys test Determines the presence of protein in the CSF

Phenosulpthalein test Kidney angiogram

Queckkenstedts test Test that involve the compression of jugular veins

Rectal swab Done in patient with cholera, pinworm detection

Rinne Test Shifted between mastoid bone and two inches from the ear

canal opening

Rombergs test Assess gait and station such as ataxia

Schick test Susceptibility test for diphtheria (+) no immunity (-) withimmunity

Schillers test Staining the cervix with an iodine solution. Healthy tissues willturn brown, while cancerous tissue resist the stain

Schilling test Used to patient with severe chilling sensation; for confirmation

of pernicious anemia

Schwabach test Differentiate between conductive and sensorineural deafness,

mastoid of patient and examiner

Shake test Determines the amount of surfactant in the lungs.

Skin test Purpose it to produce antigen reaction

Slit skin smear A confirmatory test for leprosy

Specific gravity test For diabetes mellitus and insipidus as well as for dehydration

Sperm count test For male infertility (low sperm count-oversex)Sputum exam For defection and sensitivity of causative microorganism, for

pneumonia and TB

Sulkowitch test Urine test detection for calcium deficiency and calcium in the

urine

Sweat chloride test Used to diagnosed cystic fibrosis

Tensilon (Endophonium) test For rapid detection of myasthenia gravis

Tonometer Test used to measure ocular tension and helping in detecting


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early glaucoma N=12-20 mmHg

Torniquet test Done to determine presence of petechiae in Dengue

Hemorrhagic fever

TZANK test Determination for the presence of herpes simplex

Weber test Evaluation of bone conduction. Tuning fork is placed onpatients forehead or teeth

Wedals Test For typhoid fever determination

Western blot test A confirmatory for AIDS

Arterial Blood GasesType Causes Manifestations Management

Respiratory

Acidosis

pH45

. COPD

. Respiratory

. Overdose

. Atelectasis

. Pulmonary edema

. Aspiration

. Weakness

. Tachycardia

. Decreased LOC

. Headache

. Assess VS

. Monitor

. ABG

. CPT

. TCDB

RespiratoryAlkalosis

pH>7.45;

PaCO226

. Vomiting

. NGT

. Diuretics andAntacids

. Tingling

. Dizziness

. Bradypnea

. Monitor VS

. I/O

. ABG

Remember : Respiratory Opposite; Metabolic Equal

Facts : pH = 7.35 7.45 PCO2 = 34 45 HCO3=22-26

7323169 Emergency Drugs

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Transcript of 7323169 Emergency Drugs