EmergencyEmergency DrugsDrugs

AminophyllineAminophylline-Anti Asthma, COPD. Emplysema, -Anti Asthma, COPD. Emplysema, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, bronchodilators; xanthine derivative bronchodilators; xanthine derivative (classification)(classification)

Apresoline (Hydralazine)Apresoline (Hydralazine)

• Anti hypertensive drug; direct Anti hypertensive drug; direct vasodilator (classification); for vasodilator (classification); for preeclampsiapreeclampsia

Phytomenadione Phytomenadione (Aquamephyton)(Aquamephyton)

• Vitamin K, to stop bleeding, for clot Vitamin K, to stop bleeding, for clot formation.formation.

Atropine SulfateAtropine Sulfate

• Antispasmodic, for severe gastric Antispasmodic, for severe gastric pain; anticholinergic; for insecticide pain; anticholinergic; for insecticide or mushroom poisoningor mushroom poisoning

Diphenhydramine hydrochloride Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl)(Benadryl)

• Anti histamine; can also be used as Anti histamine; can also be used as anti emeticanti emetic

Esmolol hydrochloride Esmolol hydrochloride (brevibloc)(brevibloc)

• Anti hypertensive, anti tachycardiac; Anti hypertensive, anti tachycardiac; ββ blocker; SE: Bradycardia blocker; SE: Bradycardia

Terbutaline sulfate Terbutaline sulfate (Bricanyl)(Bricanyl)

• Anti asthma, for COPD; Anti asthma, for COPD; bronchodilator- sympathominetic; bronchodilator- sympathominetic; ββ adrenergicadrenergic

Hyoscine-N-Butyl bromide Hyoscine-N-Butyl bromide (buscopan)(buscopan)

• Very common anti spasmodic; anti Very common anti spasmodic; anti cholinergic; scopolaminecholinergic; scopolamine

Nifedipine (calcibloc)Nifedipine (calcibloc)

• Anti hypertensive; calcium channel Anti hypertensive; calcium channel blocker; SE: headache; may be SL or blocker; SE: headache; may be SL or oraloral

Clonidine hydrochloride Clonidine hydrochloride (catapres)(catapres)

• Anti hypertensive, SLQ (highly Anti hypertensive, SLQ (highly vascular) – Central acting vascular) – Central acting αα 2 2 AgonistAgonist

Nicardepine (Cardepine)Nicardepine (Cardepine)

• Anti hypertensive, cardiac drugs: Anti hypertensive, cardiac drugs: calcium channel blockercalcium channel blocker

Adenosine (cardiovert)Adenosine (cardiovert)

• Anti tachycardiac drug, cardiac Anti tachycardiac drug, cardiac drugs: for paroxysnal drugs: for paroxysnal supraventricular tachycardiasupraventricular tachycardia

Amiodarone (HCL) Amiodarone (HCL) (Cardorone)(Cardorone)

• Anti Arrythmic; for supraventricular Anti Arrythmic; for supraventricular tachyarrythmics; atrial fibrulationtachyarrythmics; atrial fibrulation

Dexamethasone Dexamethasone (Decadron)(Decadron)

• Gluco corticosteroid, anti Gluco corticosteroid, anti inflammatory, anti allergyinflammatory, anti allergy

Meperidine (Demerol)Meperidine (Demerol)

• Narcotic analgesic, for chest pain, Narcotic analgesic, for chest pain, for OR Pre op Meds; opiate agonist; for OR Pre op Meds; opiate agonist; SE: sedationSE: sedation

Distilled H2o Distilled H2o

• Use as diluentsUse as diluents

Dobutamine Hydrochloride Dobutamine Hydrochloride (Dobutrex)(Dobutrex)

• A cardiac drug, (+) inotropic agentA cardiac drug, (+) inotropic agent

Dopamine Hydrochloride Dopamine Hydrochloride (Docard)(Docard)

• A cardiac drug, for shockA cardiac drug, for shock

Midazolam (Dormicum)Midazolam (Dormicum)

• Sedative, hypnotics, restlessness, Sedative, hypnotics, restlessness, anti insomniac, pre op meds; anti insomniac, pre op meds; benzodiazepinebenzodiazepine

D 50/50 D 50/50

• Dextrose, 50 H2o/50 glucose. For Dextrose, 50 H2o/50 glucose. For hypoglycemia. By BCG or HGThypoglycemia. By BCG or HGT

Anti allergy – Anti allergy – EpinephrineEpinephrine

• A cardiac drug, bronchodilator, -> A cardiac drug, bronchodilator, -> dilates alveoli; sympathomimetic or dilates alveoli; sympathomimetic or ββ agonist agonist

Piroxicam (Feldene Piroxicam (Feldene Flash)Flash)

• NSAID, anti arrythmic drug. COX1 : NSAID, anti arrythmic drug. COX1 : COX2 inhibitor; SE: bleeding; COX2 inhibitor; SE: bleeding; ulcerationulceration

Tranexamic acid Tranexamic acid (Hemostan)(Hemostan)

• Anti hemorrhagic, to stop bleeding, Anti hemorrhagic, to stop bleeding, common in dental cliniccommon in dental clinic

Verapamil (isoptin)Verapamil (isoptin)

• A cardiac drug, anti hypertensive; A cardiac drug, anti hypertensive; calcium channel blockercalcium channel blocker

Isosorbide dinitrate Isosorbide dinitrate (isordil)(isordil)

• Main stay drug for 1Main stay drug for 1stst heart attack, heart attack, w/ nitro glycerine, anti angina, w/ nitro glycerine, anti angina, coronary vasodilators; NITRATEScoronary vasodilators; NITRATES

KY jelly KY jelly

• LubricantLubricant

Digoxin (Lanoxin)Digoxin (Lanoxin)

• (+) inotropic med, a cardiac (+) inotropic med, a cardiac glycoside, diuretic w/ congestive glycoside, diuretic w/ congestive heart failureheart failure

Furosemide (Lasix)Furosemide (Lasix)

• A diuretic, w/ congestive heart A diuretic, w/ congestive heart failure, lower circulatory heart failure, lower circulatory heart volume (500L) normal. Loop diureticvolume (500L) normal. Loop diuretic

Magnesium SO4Magnesium SO4

• Prophylactic meds, anti seizure, anti Prophylactic meds, anti seizure, anti convulsant, given to convulsant, given to hypomagnesimea, given to pregnant hypomagnesimea, given to pregnant w/ PIH to prevent Seizurew/ PIH to prevent Seizure

• SE: respiratory depression and loss SE: respiratory depression and loss of DTRof DTR

Morphine SO4Morphine SO4

• Most powerful narcotic, moderate – Most powerful narcotic, moderate – severe pain, opiate agonist, the main severe pain, opiate agonist, the main stay drug for MI Infarc. SE: stay drug for MI Infarc. SE: sedation; hypotension: sedation; hypotension: Nausea/vomiting; bradycardia; Nausea/vomiting; bradycardia; constipationconstipation

Paracetamol (Alaprex, Paracetamol (Alaprex, Aeknil)Aeknil)

• Anti pyretic. Dose: 10-20 mg/kg/doseAnti pyretic. Dose: 10-20 mg/kg/dose

Pyrecitam (Nootrophil)Pyrecitam (Nootrophil)

• Neurotonic, CVA activate neuro Neurotonic, CVA activate neuro (brain)(brain)

Naloxone hydrochloride Naloxone hydrochloride (Narcan)(Narcan)

• Antidote for opiate overdose, Antidote for opiate overdose, Narcotic antagonist, reverse action Narcotic antagonist, reverse action opiates; other antidotes: opiates; other antidotes: NALMEFENE ; NALTREXONENALMEFENE ; NALTREXONE

Nalbuphine hydrochloride Nalbuphine hydrochloride (Nubain)(Nubain)

• Analgesic, post op med (pain) ; Analgesic, post op med (pain) ; opiate partial agonistopiate partial agonist

PhenerganPhenergan

• Anti emetic, pre op med, anti Anti emetic, pre op med, anti histaminehistamine

• Promethazine- generic namePromethazine- generic name• Combination with DEMEROLCombination with DEMEROL

Metochlopramide (plasil, Metochlopramide (plasil, reglan)reglan)

• Most common anti emetic, anti Most common anti emetic, anti vertigo. Antagonist of dopamine and vertigo. Antagonist of dopamine and serotonin SE: serotonin SE: EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYMPTOMSEXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYMPTOMS

Potassium ChloridePotassium Chloride

• Essential mineral to our body, Essential mineral to our body, needed in our muscle (cardiac needed in our muscle (cardiac muscle), given w/ hypokalemia, to muscle), given w/ hypokalemia, to treat hypernatremia, one of the treat hypernatremia, one of the fluids given to lethal metabolic fluids given to lethal metabolic acidosis.acidosis.

Sodium BicarbSodium Bicarb

• w/ severe diarrhea, antacids are w/ severe diarrhea, antacids are buffers control acids.buffers control acids.

Diazepam (valium), Diazepam (valium), benzodiazepinebenzodiazepine

• Anti anxiety, a muscle relaxant; for Anti anxiety, a muscle relaxant; for seizureseizure

Lidocane (xylocaine)Lidocane (xylocaine)

• Anti arrythmic drug, a cardiac drug, Anti arrythmic drug, a cardiac drug, anesthesia used in catheterization.anesthesia used in catheterization.

Metoprolol (Neobloc)Metoprolol (Neobloc)

• ββ blocker blocker

Other Emergency drugsOther Emergency drugs• Ranitidine (zantac) – H2 blockerRanitidine (zantac) – H2 blocker• Maalox – antacidMaalox – antacid• Diclofenac (Voltaren) – NSAIDDiclofenac (Voltaren) – NSAID• Methyl ergonovine maleate Methyl ergonovine maleate

(Methergine) – to promote (Methergine) – to promote contraction of uterus; to prevent contraction of uterus; to prevent bleeding SE: hypertensionbleeding SE: hypertension

• Oxytocin () – to promote contraction Oxytocin () – to promote contraction of the uterusof the uterus

- - to prevent atony to prevent atony SE: HypotensionSE: Hypotension

• Methydopa (Aldomet) – central acting Methydopa (Aldomet) – central acting αα 2 agonist, for preeclampsia 2 agonist, for preeclampsia

• MANNITOL – osmotic DiureticMANNITOL – osmotic Diuretic

- for brain decompression- for brain decompression

Terbutaline (Bricanyl)- sympathomimetic, Terbutaline (Bricanyl)- sympathomimetic, Beta agonist bronchodilator, for asthmaBeta agonist bronchodilator, for asthma

Salbutamol (ventolin)- same as Salbutamol (ventolin)- same as Terbutaline Terbutaline

SE: tachycardiaSE: tachycardia

Budesonide (Budecort)- Steroid Budesonide (Budecort)- Steroid bronchodilatorbronchodilator

Emergency IV:Emergency IV:

1.1. D5LR – for hypokalemia, hyponatremia D5LR – for hypokalemia, hyponatremia (electrolyte imbalance)(electrolyte imbalance)

2.2. D5NSS – for hyponatremiaD5NSS – for hyponatremia

3.3. D5IMB – increase potassium D5IMB – increase potassium concentration (for hypokalemia)concentration (for hypokalemia)

4.4. D5NM – has more potassium increase (for D5NM – has more potassium increase (for hypokalemia)hypokalemia)

5.5. COLLOIDS – DEXTRAN, PLASMANATE, COLLOIDS – DEXTRAN, PLASMANATE, HETASTARCH – PLASMA EXPANDER – HETASTARCH – PLASMA EXPANDER – for early shockfor early shock

Drug/chemical Drug/chemical AntidotesAntidotes

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)Acetaminophen (Tylenol)Warfarin/AspirinWarfarin/Aspirin

HeparinHeparinMgSO4MgSO4

KEROSENE/Petroleum productsKEROSENE/Petroleum productsLeadLead

MercuryMercuryInsecticide/PesticideInsecticide/Pesticide

Insecticide/MushroomInsecticide/MushroomInsulinInsulin

Acetylcysteine (mucomyst)Acetylcysteine (mucomyst) Vitamin KVitamin K

Protomine sulfateProtomine sulfateCalcium gluconateCalcium gluconateActivated CharcoalActivated Charcoal

EDTA/EdetateEDTA/EdetateDimercaprolDimercaprol

PyridostigminePyridostigmineAtropineAtropineGlucagonGlucagon

EMERGENCY IVFEMERGENCY IVF

• D5LR- for hypokalemia, D5LR- for hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypovolemia hyponatremia, hypovolemia (electrolyte and fluid imbalance)(electrolyte and fluid imbalance)

• D5NSS- same as D5LR, D5NSS- same as D5LR, • PNSS- best for diabetics, main line for PNSS- best for diabetics, main line for

Blood Transfusion, and during CPRBlood Transfusion, and during CPR• D5IMB and D5NM- more K D5IMB and D5NM- more K

concentrationconcentration

PLASMA EXPANDERPLASMA EXPANDER

• DEXTRAN, PLASMANATE, DEXTRAN, PLASMANATE, HETASTARCHHETASTARCH

• Used for early SHOCKUsed for early SHOCK