700Mhz Broadband Interoperability

700Mhz Broadband InteroperabilityProject Proposal

6 February 2007 Author: Emil Olbrich 2

Who are we?• Represent NIST/OLES – National Institute of

Standards/Office of Law Enforcement Standards• We represent the user community through OLES & OIC• Essentially an independent engineering facility within DoC

700Mhz Broadband

Project

ITS.P

Broadband Interop Working Group

Interop Committee

NPSTC Governing

Board

Dept. of Commerce NIST NIST/OLES

OIC

DHS Science & Technology

Command, Control, &

Interoperability Division

2/6/2007 Author: Emil Olbrich 3

What, where, why & how?• NIST/OLES participates in National Public

Safety Telecommunications Committee (NPSTC) meetings• Co-chair the Broadband Interoperability working

group• The group is tasked by the NPSTC governing board to

investigate a proposed 700Mhz broadband interoperability standard

• The task and project are based on the 2nd, 8th & 9th FCC Notice of Proposed Rule Making (NPRM)


What, where, why & how? (2)• These rulings allocate 6Mhz of paired spectrum (12Mhz total) for nationwide public safety

broadband use• First band covers 767 – 773 Mhz UHF TV Channel ~ 64• Second band covers 797 - 803 Mhz UHF TV Channel ~ 68

Flexibility to Accommodate Wideband and Broadband in 700 MHz Public Safety Band

Wideband1143Narrowband

3 MHzNarrowband

3 MHz3 All

WidebandWideband

1143Narrowband 3 MHz

Narrowband 3 MHz

3 AllWideband

120 x 50 kHz WB Channels

Current FCCRules

2427 3 6 3 6 3 273 6 3 6 3Narrowband 3 MHz

Narrowband 3 MHz

776 MHz806 MHz

764794

767797

770800

773803

120 x 50 kHz WB Channels

Current FCCRules

2427 3 6 3 6 3 273 6 3 6 3Narrowband 3 MHz

Narrowband 3 MHz

2427 3 6 3 6 3 273 6 3 6 3Narrowband 3 MHz

Narrowband 3 MHz

776 MHz806 MHz

764794

767797

770800

773803

WB25

WB253Narrowband

3 MHzNarrowband

3 MHz3BB

(1.25 MHz).975M Guard

One 1.25 MHzBroadband

.975M Guard

WB25

WB253Narrowband

3 MHzNarrowband

3 MHz3BB


One 1.25 MHzBroadband

.975M Guard

3Narrowband

3 MHzNarrowband

3 MHz3WB25

BB (2.5 MHz)

.975M Guard Two 1.25 MHz

Broadband

.975M Guard

3Narrowband

3 MHzNarrowband

3 MHz3WB25

BB (2.5 MHz)

.975M Guard Two 1.25 MHz

Broadband

.975M Guard

3Narrowband 3 MHz

Narrowband 3 MHz3Broadband


AllBroadband

.975M Guard3Narrowband

3 MHzNarrowband

3 MHz3Broadband (3.75 MHz)

.975M Guard

AllBroadband

.975M Guard

Narrowband Channels

Wideband Reserve

Wideband Interoperability

Wideband Channels

Optional Broadband

Guard-band for Broadband

Narrowband Channels

Wideband Reserve

Wideband Interoperability

Wideband Channels

Optional Broadband

Guard-band for Broadband


What, where, why & how? (3)• Possibly only one (1) common technology will be utilized if a

ruling is chosen that designates one (1) licensee for the entirenationwide public safety network

• DTV spectrum clearing is taking place • Transition to be completed by 2009 – allowing full

nationwide access to the same spectrum for all of public safety

• Creates a new “sharing” paradigm amongst public safety agencies – since only 6Mhz contiguous spectrum is available

• 700 Mhz has very favorable propagation characteristics and will allow for wide area networks with good in building penetration


Why NIST/OLES?• Congress, Department of Homeland Security,

NPSTC and the FCC support the use of this spectrum for a nationwide public safety broadband network• ITS is the only federal organization that participates

actively in these organizations and has the resources to test these technologies


Technology Choices• “COTS” technologies will be evaluated• Six possible known technologies could satisfy the

needs in this spectrum – others may be viable• IEEE 802.16e “Mobile WiMax”• IEEE 801.11xx “Mobile WiFi”• IS-864 “EV-DO Revision A & B”• 3GPP Release 5/6 “WCDMA, UMTS, HSPA”

• Both TDD and FDD could be considered• OFDM “Qualcomm Flarion or Motorola NextNet”• 3GPP Release 8 “LTE – Long Term Evolution” & 3GPP2

“UMB – Ultra Mobile Broadband”• No independent comparative analysis exists for

these technologies.


Technology Choices (cont’d)• Broadband network will be fully IP based • Services & IP network consolidation will need to

take place • Spectrum is limited and all agencies need to be

able to access it• Cost is typically prohibitive to deploy a single wide

area wireless broadband service for a single agency

• New technologies such as IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) or MultiMedia Domain (MMD) will facilitate IP convergence


What NIST/OLES can do?• Determine public safety wireless broadband

requirements• Use Public Safety SoR volume I and II as initial

requirements• Use results of SAFECOM 2006 National

Interoperability Baseline Survey• Help create general system & application

requirements for public safety• Weight and Rank user requirements


What NIST/OLES can do? (2)• Create a detailed test plan based upon user

requirements• Test plan should be applicable to all of the

technologies being considered• Test plan will need to take into consideration

• Physical layer tests• Throughput/Goodput• Capacity testing• Mobility testing

• Network functionality tests• Application tests – PoC, LBS, ISSI interworking,

Video…etc• Security tests• Link budget analysis – coverage


What NIST/OLES can provide• NIST/OLES is partnering with the leading developers of

broadband technologies• NIST/OLES is also participating in regulatory/industry groups for

various broadband technologies

• Test reports will be made available to public safety *NOTE: It is TBD where and how this information will be distributed.

• Will include analysis of radio technologies as criteria for downselecting to specific technologies

• Will include data and information on IP convergence • Available for public safety agencies to make technically informed

decisions on the proper technologies

• Whitepapers on implementation and “user” experience may also be created.

• Ex. Colocation recommendations for 800MHz LMR and 700MHz broadband

Technology Slides


Typical IMS configuration• All packet switched – IP

access• Standardized in 3GPP Rel 6• Supported by multiple

access technologies• QoS – bedrock of IMS• Unified “single” login

• User profile has what services can be accessed

• Integration of different services through a common platform

• Designed for IPv6 – does have legacy IPv4 support

• Common Protocols • SIP – Session Initiation

Protocol• H.323 & H.248• BICC – Bearer Independent

Control• Diameter• RTP

•CSCF – Call/Session Control Function•P-CSCF – Proxy CSCF•I-CSCF – Interrogating CSCF•S-CSCF – Serving CSCF•HSS – Home Subscriber Server•MRFC – Media Resource Function•Controller•MRFP – Media Resource Function•Processor•BGCF – Breakout Gateway Control •Function•MGCF – Media Gateway Controller•Function•MGW – Media Gateway•SGW – Signaling Gateway


Typical EV-DO Rev. A configuration• 1.25Mhz Bandwidth x 2 = 2.5Mhz

• 3.1Mps Download• 1.8Mps Upload

• Fully Mobile• QoS for VoIP & PoC• Broadcast and Multicast supported (i.e.

one to many)• Rev. B in development will support

aggregation of multiple 1.25Mhz channels up to 20Mhz

• Typically 20W PA

• BTS – Basestation Transceiver Subsystem

• ANC – Access Network Controller• PDSN – Packet Data Serving Node• PCF – Packet Control Function• HA – Home Agent• FA - Foreign Agent• AAA – Authorization, Authentication,

Accounting• O&M – Operation & Maintenance• PDN – Packet Data Network


Typical HSPA configuration – 3GPP Rel 5

• TDD & FDD supported• TDD uses one 5Mhz block• FDD uses two 5Mhz blocks

• Combines HSDPA and HSUPA• 14.4Mps download – currently 1.8Mps or

3.6Mps• 5.76Mps upload – currently 1.46Mps

• QoS for VoIP and PoC• Fully mobile• Typically 20W PA

• HSPA – High Speed Packet Access• HSDPA – High Speed Downlink Packet Access• HSUPA – High Speed Uplink Packet Access• Node B – UMTS/WCDMA BTS• S-RNC – Serving Radio Network Controller• SGSN – Serving GPRS Node• GGSN – Gateway GPRS Node• GPRS – General Packet Radio Service• SMSC – Short Message Service Controller• MSC – Mobile Switching Center• VLR – Visitor Location Register• HLR – Home Location Register• EIR – Equipment Identity Register• AUC – Authorization Center


Possible LTE Configuration• Enhancement of UTRAN

• 3GPP Rel 7 & 8 – in standards development• Download 100Mps (20Mhz @ 5bit/Hz)• Upload 50Mps (20Mhz @ 2.5bit/Hz)• Improved latency – 5ms• Scaleable spectrum

• 1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20 Mhz• Paired/Unpaired up/downlink• TDD &FDD supported• OFDMA – downlink• SC-FDMA - uplink

• Full mobility• Multicast & Broadcast support (1 to many)• MIMO Support

• Node B – BTS or cell site• S-RNC – Serving Radio Network Controller• WAG – Wireless Access Gateway• PDG – Packet Data Gateway• IMS – IP Multimedia Subsystem• O&M – Operation & Maintenance


Typical WiMax Configuration• 802.16e – Mobile WiMax• Standardized by WiMax Forum and IEEE• 75Mps (20Mhz BW, 5bits/Hz, ¾ coding) – realistic is 2-

10Mps• 30km range• OFDMA, 256 subchannels• Full mobility – to be tested later this year• Compatible with IMS• QoS for PoC & VoIP• Multicast/Broadcast support (1 to many)• Multiple Modulations – BPSK to 64QAM• MIMO Support• Multiple BW profile support

• 1.25Mhz to 20Mhz wide

• WiMax – Wireless Interoperability for Microwave Access• OFDMA – Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access• ASN GW – Access Service Network Gateway• FA – Foreign Agent• HA – Home Agent• AAA – Authorization, Authentication, Accounting• CSN IWU – Core Service Network Interworking Unit• WAG – Wireless Access Gateway• PDG – Packet Data Gateway• IMS – IP Multimedia Subsystem


Typical WiFi Configuration• 802.11x – WiFi• Standardized by IEEE and WiFi

Alliance• 54Mps, 23 km range• Mobility in standards development –

unknown if it will offer full high speed mobilty

• Multiple modulations• OFDM & DSSS

• Typically lower power – 36dBm max• Cheap – multiple vendors

• 3GPP support for AAA, IMS supported in standards but not implemented


Flarion/NextNet Configuration• OFDM – Flarion & NextNet configurations• Proprietary Access

• MAC• Air Interface• O&M• Billing

• 1.25Mhz BW (Flarion) - FDD• 5.3Mps download• 1.8Mps upload

• 6Mhz BW (NextNet) – TDD• No QoS• No handsets available – only modems• Limited mobility• Single vendor for each technology• No Standardization


Possible Lab Setup


Test Case Overview ExamplesMinimum Equipment Performance Network functional testing (IMS)

Physical Layer Authentication Frequency: New 700Mhz radio's will require some testing to ensure that they will operate properly Simple IP & Mobile IP support

Frequency Range Rules Engine - testing access by different entities for different services (ie. Police need access to database)

Frequency Tolerance Quality of Service Receiver End to end delay

Sensitivity Delay Jitter Dynamic Range Packet Loss rate Conducted Spurrious Emmissions Application testing

Transmitter Location Based Service

Total Power PoC - Push to Talk on Cellular (generic term for PTT services, can be on WiMax/WiFi)

Spurrious Emmissions VOIP Throughput performance Email

Single user performance IM Near distance basestation: -50dBm rx Video streaming Medium distance basestation: -70dBm rx Video phone/conference Far distance basestation: -90dBm What ever users dictate as necessary

Multiple users Security Layer Near distance basestation: -50dBm rx Connection Layer setup time Medium distance basestation: -70dBm rx Far distance basestation: -90dBm

Capacity testing - use multiple users and OCNS/AWGN (ie. Noise source) to simulate additional users. See what the limit is and the performance degradation

Near distance basestation: -50dBm rx Medium distance basestation: -70dBm rx Far distance basestation: -90dBm

Mobility testing - similar to above, single/multiple user test cases can be executed Handoffs between basestations Handoffs between sectors of a common basestation

Pedestrian speed Slow speed 30mph Medium speed 65 mph High speed 100mph

Limited adjacent interference testing of LMR and broadband technologiesCo-channel interference testing of FDD and TDD technologies (determine if TDD is feasible to consider in the same space as FDD)

700Mhz Broadband Interoperability

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