7. stam entrepreneurial ecosystem in the nthl
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Transcript of 7. stam entrepreneurial ecosystem in the nthl
Entrepreneurial_Ecosystem.NL
“ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND GROWTH-ORIENTED ENTREPRENEURSHIP”International Workshop jointly organised by the OECD LEED Programme and
The Netherlands’ Ministry of Economic Affairs
Prof Dr Erik StamUtrecht University
Entrepreneurial_Ecosystem
Oh no, not the next Silicon Somewhere…
Entrepreneurial_Ecosystem
Reflects two shifts:
Societal: from Managed Economy to Entrepreneurial Economy (Thurik, Stam & Audretsch 2013)
Scientific: from Equilibrium Economics to Complexity Economics (Beinhocker 2007)
Entrepreneurial_Ecosystem?
• Entrepreneurial: explore (identify) and exploit (evaluate, pursue) opportunities for new value creation
Entrepreneurial_Ecosystem?
• ECOsystem: ECOlogical (birds, bees, …)?; Ecology of diverse, heterogenous agents; ECOnomic
• EcoSYSTEM: Systemic
NL: Entrepreneurship Miracle or Paradox?
• Amazing growth of entrepreneurship in the Netherlands, 1987-2012
• Miracle: no country in which the TEA rate has grown as much as in the Netherlands over the period 2003-2012 (and precourse of rising new firm formation and self-employment)
• Paradox: increasingly a matter of growing number of solo self-employed, and low/mediocre rates of growth-oriented entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship NL Facts - I
Entrepreneurship Facts - II
TEA Rate 2003-2012 (GEM)
Paraphrasing Einstein
• Not all entrepreneurship that counts can be counted, and not all entrepreneurship that can be counted counts.
Entrepreneurship Facts - III
Entrepreneurship Facts - IV
Entrepreneurship Facts - V
(Eco)systemic Causes & Consequences
• Positive feedback: virtuous circle (for self-employment!)
Changing preferences
Changing formal
institutions
Lowerentry
barriers
Higherentryrates
+ Context
+ Shocks
(Eco)systemic Causes & Consequences
• Negative/no feedback– No build up of system for high-growth start-ups
(vicious circle high-growth start-up scandals early 2000s: Baan, World Online)
– No champion of intrapreneurship, like Scandinavian countries (in spite of high levels of trust and decentralized decision making)
Entrepreneurial_Ecosystem.NL
• One entrepreneurial system, or many (self-empl, high-growth start-ups, intrapreneurship)?
• One national system, or many (reg, sec, corp)?– Regional systems: e.g. Amsterdam, Eindhoven area,
Utrecht, Twente, …– ‘Sectoral’ systems: e.g gaming, biotech, (construction?)– Corporate systems: intrapreneurship
• Systemic causes?– Institutions, resources
• …
Entrepreneurial_Ecosystem.NLMiracle and Paradox
“ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND GROWTH-ORIENTED ENTREPRENEURSHIP”International Workshop jointly organised by the OECD LEED Programme and
The Netherlands’ Ministry of Economic Affairs
Prof Dr Erik StamUtrecht University