62-0979c-01

An Adhesive/Sealant QualityAssurance Guide

SILICONE STRUCTURALGLAZING MANUAL

2001 Dow Corning Corporation

An Adhesive/Sealant Quality Assurance Guide

Silicone Structural Glazing Manual

In addition to this quality guide, the following European and National Standards or guidelines arerelevant for this application:

Guidelines for European Technical Approval (EOTA ) for Structural Glazing (ETAG 002 part 1Sept. 1998) (Europe)

CEN Draft European Standards CEN/TC129/WG16 - PrEN 13022 (parts 1 - 4) October 1997 (Europe)

Bundesanzeiger 92a - Bekanntmachung der Leitlinie fr die europische technische Zulassung frgeklebte Glaskonstruktionen, Vom 15. Dezember 1998, ISSN 0720-6100 (Germany)

Ift Rosenheim Leitfaden fur den Ubereinstimmngsnachwies fur Structural Glazing (Germany)

Vitrages extrieurs colls faisant lobjet dun avis technique - Conditions gnrales de conception /fabrication et mise en uvre. (Cahiers du CSTB 3130, Livraison 399 - mai 1999) (France)

BSI: BS 6262 Code of practice for Glazing for Buildings Part 6: Special Applications (U.K.)

STS 56 - Vitrage Extrieur Coll and Cahiers de lINV (Belgium)

Standard Guides for Structural Sealant Glazing. ASTM C1401-98 (United States)

Structural Silicone Sealant for Building. GB 16776 - 1997 (China)

Users are advised to check with their local Building Authority to verify the Standards and requirementsfor Structural Glazing prior to commencement of the work. Please consult your local DOW CORNINGConstruction Office for assistance and further information.



Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Dow Corning Structural GlazingSilicone Adhesives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Dow Corning Insulated GlazingSilicone Sealants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Dow Corning Silicone Sealants forNon-Structural Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Dow Corning Primers and Cleaners . . . . . . . . 2

Project Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Product Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Drawing Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Adhesion Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Compatibility Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Non-Stain Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Other Test Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Structural Adhesion Limited Warranty . . . . . . 5

Product Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

One-Part Structural Silicone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Shelf Life and Storage Conditions . . . . . . . 6Skin-Over Time/Elastomeric Test . . . . . . . . 6

Multi-Component Structural Silicone . . . . . . . 6Shelf Life and Storage Conditions . . . . . . . 6Pump Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Quality Control Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Glass or Butterfly Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Snap Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Mixing Ratio Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Joint Preparation and SealantApplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Substrate Cleaning Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Solvent Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Non-Porous Substrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Porous Substrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Masking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Two-Cloth Cleaning Method . . . . . . . . . . 10

Primer Application Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Setting Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Sealant Application Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Sealant Cure Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Site Glazing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Factory Glazing One-Component Silicone 12Factory Glazing Two-Component Silicone 12

Replacement and Remedial Glazing . . . . . . . 13Replacement Glazing Due toIndividual Unit Breakage . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Replacement of Glazing Due toSystem Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Adhesion Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Peel Adhesion testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

H-Piece Adhesion testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Quality Control Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Quality Control Log Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Project Timetable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Construction Project Checklist . . . . . . .19

DOW CORNING Offices and Locations . . . . 24

Contents



Silicone structural glazing is a method utilizing asilicone adhesive to attach glass, metal, or otherpanel materials to the structure of a building. Thewind-load stresses on the facade are transferredthrough the silicone adhesive sealant to thestructure of the building. The sealant mustmaintain its cohesive integrity and adhesive bondto support the panels bonded to the facade.

Not all silicone sealants are suitable for use in thisapplication. A considerable amount of time hasbeen spent developing and testing specific siliconeproducts to meet the needs of this application.Whenever a silicone adhesive is used tostructurally bond facade panels, a comprehensivequality control procedure must be established toassure the smooth, efficient, trouble-freecompletion of the project.

Specific quality control procedures must be usedon all projects and are required to obtain DOWCORNINGs 10-year Structural Adhesion LimitedWarranty. A quality control procedure mustinclude steps to assure that the following criteriaare satisfied. These points are described in greaterdetails later in this manual.

1. Project Review

Once a structural joint has been designed, thesealant joint details should be reviewed byDOW CORNING.

Laboratory adhesion testing should becompleted for all surfaces to which the siliconemust adhere.

Any material that the structural siliconeadhesive comes in contact with (eg. gaskets,spacers, backer materials, setting blocks)should be tested in the laboratory to confirmtheir compatibility with the silicone sealant.

2. Product Quality

The sealant cures appropriately and is withinits stated shelf life.

Two component sealants must be checked toverify the correct mixing ratio.

3. Joint Preparation and SealantApplication

The substrates should be prepared inaccordance with DOW CORNINGsrecommendations for the specific project(eg. Cleaner or primer recommendations).

The sealant joints must be filled completelywith no gaps or air bubbles.

4. Sealant Adhesion

The sealant should be physically checked toconfirm it has cured, has been appropriatelyapplied, and has developed adhesion afterapplication.

5. Documentation

Quality control procedures should be recorded inan easily retrievable fashion(see Quality control logsheet p. 16)

This guide is intended as a generic starting pointfor the development of a quality assuranceprogram for the application of silicone structuraladhesives. As construction projects vary in manyaspects such as design, customer requirements,and environment, this manual cannot beconsidered as a comprehensive quality assuranceprocedure for all situations. DOW CORNING iswilling to assist in the review of quality controlprocedures for specific projects or applications.

Introduction

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Dow Corning Structural GlazingSilicone Adhesives

The following products are the adhesives currentlyoffered by DOW CORNING for use in siliconestructural glazing:

1. Dow Corning 993 Structural Glazing SiliconeSealant a two-part, high modulus productwith a fast cure rate for in-factory structuralglazing. Extensively tested to EuropeanSpecifications.

2. Dow Corning 895 Structural Glazing SiliconeSealant - a one part, high modulus, neutral cureproduct for structural glazing either in-factoryor at the job site.

DOW CORNING Insulated GlazingSilicone Sealants

The following products are currently offered byDOW CORNING as insulation glazing sealantsfor use in structurally glazed facade systems:

1. Dow Corning 3362 Insulating Glass Sealant- a two-part, fast curing silicone used as thesecondary sealant in insulated glass unitproduction, designed for application in thefactory.

2. Dow Corning 3793 Insulating Glass Sealant -a one-part silicone sealant used in the factoryas a secondary sealant in insulated glass unitproduction.

DOW CORNING Silicone Sealants forNon-Structural Applications

Non-structural applications refer to anyapplication where the silicone is not required tostructurally hold the panel in place (eg.weatherseals, end dams, dilatation joints, sealingscrewheads, expansion joints, butt joints). Manyof the services and application recommendationsdescribed in this guide are applicable to our range

of non-structural building sealant product line:

Dow Corning 897 Natural Stone andFacade Sealant

Dow Corning 797 WeatherproofingSealant

Dow Corning Primers and Cleaners

Although DOW CORNING strives to developprimerless adhesives and sealants, in someinstances, optimal sealant adhesion is onlyobtained with the use of a primer. The primerchemically bonds itself to the substrate and thesealant then adheres to the primer. Store primerwith the caps tightly closed when not in use toprevent unnecessary exposure to moisture.

The following primers are available from DOWCORNING (Consult Primers Selection Guide forfurther information):

1. Dow Corning 1200 OS PrimerThe most commonly recommended productfor a wide variety of construction surfaces.

2. Dow Corning P Primer for porous substrates.

3. Dow Corning Barrier Primer for poroussubstrates and barrier properties.

The following cleaners are available fromDOW CORNING:

1. Dow Corning R40 Cleaner - a specialformulation used to clean the surfaces of glassand metal profiles prior to application of thestructural sealant.

2. Dow Corning 3556 Cleaner for SSG -recommended specifically for cleaning ofanodized aluminium surfaces only.

3. It is also possible to use an IPA (isopropylalcohol) - water solution or a solution of DowCorning R40 Cleaner (70%) - water (30%)(maximum water content is 50% by weight) as acleaner for both glass and aluminium substrates.Contact your DOW CORNING ConstructionOffice for more details.

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Selection of the correct sealant in constructionprojects has become increasingly difficult dueto :

1. The number of sealants available,

2. New construction substrates and surfacetreatments,

3. Special sealant requirements in siliconestructural glazing applications.

DOW CORNING professionals are available toassist you in selecting the correct sealant for yourspecific application.All silicone structural glazing applications usingDow Corning adhesives should be reviewed on aproject-by-project basis by our technical servicestaff prior to sealant specification. The reviewand testing must be successfully completedbefore DOW CORNING can issue a 10-yearStructural Adhesion Limited Warranty.A project submittal form (Project Checklist) isincluded with this manual for your use. Additionalforms and information are available from anyDOW CORNING Construction Office.

The following services are offered by DOWCORNING :

Product Recommendations

After reviewing project drawings andspecifications, and having performed thenecessary laboratory testing, DOW CORNINGwill assist in the selection of the correct DowCorning silicone sealants.

Drawing Review

Guidelines for silicone structural glazing detailsare provided in this section. DOW CORNINGmust review all structural details before anyapproval or acceptance is given. Preliminaryrequirements for standard cases are (4 sided SG) :

1. The structural bite (Hmc) must be a minimumof 6 mm(1).

2. The joint thickness (e) must be a minimumof 6 mm(1).

3. The structural bite must be equal to orgreater than the joint thickness.e Hmc

4. The structural bite must not be greater than 3times the joint thickness.Hmc 3 e

5. To accommodate the windload for standardcases, the structural bite is calculated with theequation :

Structural Bite (m) = Smallest Side of Largest Pane (m) Windload (Pa)

2 Dynamic Sealant Design Strength in Tension(= 140.000 Pa)

(1) Note : Other proprietary systems may havealternate details. The appropriateness of suchsystems will be determined on a case-by-case basis,using independent test data supplied by the systemmanufacturer.

Project Review*

* Any review, recommendation, or statement, made onbehalf of DOW CORNING relating to an engineeringdesign, architectural drawing, product formulation, end-use specification, or similar document is limited to theknowledge of product properties as determined bylaboratory testing of material produced by DOWCORNING. Any comments or suggestions relating to anysubject other than such product properties are offered only

to call to the attention of the engineer, architect, formulator,end-user or other person, considerations that may be relevantin his/her independent evaluation and determination of theappropriateness of such design, drawing, specification,document or formula. DOW CORNING assumes noresponsibility for the comments or suggestions relative tosubjects other than such product properties, and expresslydisclaims any warranty or responsibilities for same.

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bite

e



When using this equation, always round up to thenearest millimeter. For example, a 1.8 m x 1.8 mglass unit exposed to a 1100 Pa windload requires7.07 mm of silicone bite. This amount is roundedup to 8.0 mm. Never round down. Productiontolerances must be added to this value. (2 mmtolerance is generally recommended).

6. To accommodate dead load for standard cases :

Structural Bite (m) =Weight of glass (kg) 9.81 ms-2

2 Height (m) Static Design Strength in Shear (Pa)

7. To accommodate the thermal movement forstandard cases, the structural jointthickness (e) is calculated with the equation:

Joint thickness (m) = Differential dilatation (m) Sealant E modulus (Pa)

3 Dynamic Sealant Design Strength in Shear (Pa)

Additionally, calculations to verify the effects ofpanel deadload, glass deflection, or snowloads ofsloped surfaces are also performed as part of theproject review. Detailed explanations of theseformulas are beyond the scope of this document.Contact your DOW CORNING TechnicalRepresentative should you wish furtherinformation.

8. The structural sealant joint must be able tobe filled using standard application practices.

9. The units containing structural joints mustnot move during cure.

10. The joint design must allow the sealantexposure to air to enable it to cure.

Adhesion Testing

DOW CORNING will evaluate the adhesion ofits products to materials that are representativeof those to be used on the project. Uponcompletion of this testing, DOW CORNING willforward in writing, product recommendations,surface preparation, and primer recommendation(if required). Testing takes approximately fourweeks from receipt of samples.

Compatibility Testing

Incompatible glazing accessories (gaskets, spacers,backer materials, setting blocks, etc.), can lead tosealant discoloration and/or loss of adhesion tothe substrate. To ensure compatibility, DOWCORNING tests the compatibility of projectspecific accessory materials with its siliconesealants. Results of the compatibility test will beforwarded in writing. Testing takes approximatelyfour weeks from receipt of samples.

Non-Stain Testing

If requested, DOW CORNING will test andevaluate the performance of its sealants todetermine if fluid migration from the sealant hasthe potential to stain porous substrates such asgranite, marble, and limestone. Project specificsamples of the porous material will be tested usingthe DOW CORNING stain test procedure. Testingtakes approximately six weeks from receipt ofsamples.

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Other Test Requirements

DOW CORNING can accommodate special, non-standard testing requirements. In such cases,additional time and charges may be incurred.Please consult your local DOW CORNINGConstruction Office at the beginning of theproject.

Structural Adhesion Limited Warranty

Ten year structural adhesion limited warrantiesare available for Dow Corning 895 and Dow Corning993.

To obtain this warranty, DOW CORNING mustperform project-specific adhesion andcompatibility testing on all substrates that willcontact the structural silicone. Also, DOWCORNING must review the structural glazingdetails for the project. These testing services aredescribed in the previous section.

For this warranty to be valid, all writtenrecommendations detailed in the limited warrantymust be followed and documented. Additionally,all daily Quality Control Log sheets, maintainedby the producer for the project, must be submittedwith the request for warranty.

A formal request must be made by the producerto the appropriate DOW CORNING Constructionoffice in order to start the process for issuance ofany warranty.

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DOW CORNING performs extensive qualityassurance testing in our manufacturing facilitiesin accordance with ISO 9001 standards. Thissection is intended to provide the end-user withsimple screening tests to verify that the material,as received at the project site, is suitable for theproposed application. Should the results in yourfacility differ significantly from those listed in thefollowing test methods, write down thecorresponding lot numbers of the product(s)involved, and contact your DOW CORNINGConstruction Office for assistance.

One-Component Structural Silicone

The following procedure outlines a series of stepsto ensure that the quality of Dow Corning 895Structural Glazing Sealant is acceptable forstructural sealant applications.

Shelf Life and Storage Conditions

Dow Corning 895 must be stored at temperaturesbelow 30 C. An expiry date is clearly markedon the product packaging.

Skin-Over Time / Elastomeric Test

For one-part sealants, a skin-over and elastomerictest should be performed once per day and onevery new lot of sealant used. The purpose of thetest is to check sealant working time and to ensurethe sealant cures fully. Any variation (excessivelylong times) in the skin-over time may indicate anout-of-shelf-life sealant. This test is performed asfollows:

1. Spread a 2 mm thick layer of sealant on a sheetof polyethylene.

2. Every few minutes, touch the sealant filmlightly with your finger.

3. When the sealant does not adhere to yourfinger, the sealant is said to have skinned over.Note the time required to reach this point. If askin has not formed within 2 hours, do not usethis material and contact your DOWCORNING Construction Office.

4. Allow the sealant to cure for 48 hours at 23 C &50% RH. After 48 hours, peel the sealant off ofthe polyethylene sheet. Stretch the sealant slowlyto see that it has cured to an elastomeric material.If the sealant has not cured correctly, contact yourDOW CORNING Construction Office.

5. Record the results in the project log book.This testing must be completed and resultsrecorded, retained and be available for reviewupon request.

Two-Component Structural Silicone

Shelf Life and Storage Conditions

Dow Corning 993 Structural Glazing Sealant mustbe stored at temperatures below 30 C. Anexpiry date is clearly marked on both the baseand catalyst product containers.

Pump Procedures

A pump must be used to airlessly meter and mixDow Corning 993. The specific operation andmaintenance procedures for the pump should besupplied by the equipment manufacturer. Theapplicator must have a start-up, shutdown, andmaintenance procedure set up for the pump toproperly apply structural glazing adhesives.

When starting the pump, the curing agent lineshould be opened and material pumped throughthe line until the sealant exiting the dispensinggun ceases to be white or streaked. Instead, itshould be a consistent black colour, indicatingcorrect mixing of the base and curing agentcomponents.

Before shutting down the pump, the static mixerand hoses should be purged with base materialor flushed using a suitable solvent or machinecleaning agent. The amount of wasted materialresulting from the start-up and shut-down of thepump varies with the type of pumping equipmentused. As the volume of the hose after the staticmixer location decreases, so will the amount ofwasted material resulting from start-ups and shut-downs. Regular maintenance of the mixing nozzle

Product Quality

6



by use of Dow Corning 3522 cleaning solvent willimprove over-all system operations, and may beused as an alternative cleaning method for themixer unit each time the equipment is shut down.

Quality Control Testing

Quality control testing to be performed includesthe butterfly test, mixing ratio measurement, andthe snap-time test. A description of each follows.Results of these tests must be recorded in alogbook similar to the example in thedocumentation section.

Glass or Butterfly Test

The glass or butterfly test must be performedevery time the pump is started up, including start-ups that occur after extended breaks. The purposeof this test is to check for an adequate mix of baseand curing agent components. The test isperformed as follows:

Glass Test (see drawing)

The preferred method is to place a bead of mixedDow Corning 993 on a piece of glass,approximately 10 cm x 10 cm, and placeanother piece of glass on top of thesilicone, pressing the two glass piecestogether. The resulting sample forms a sandwich- permitting a clear visual inspection of the mixedsealant.

If streaks are present, then more material mustbe pumped through the lines to improve the

mixing quality. If the sealant smear is a consistentblack colour, the sealant is properly mixed andready for use.

If grey or white streaks continue, equipmentmaintenance may be needed. This problem canoften be corrected by cleaning or changing themixer system, dispensing hose, dispensing gun,system ball check valves controlling the mixingratio. Consult the equipment manufacturer formaintenance requirements. Under nocircumstances should streaked material be usedfor production.

Butterfly Test (see drawing)

Previously, the following procedure was the onlyrecommended method for visual inspection of themixing quality:

1. Fold an A4 piece of stiff white paper in half.

2. Apply a bead of Dow Corning 993 to the creaseor fold in the paper.

3. Press the paper together, smearing the sealantbead to a thin film.

4. Pull the paper apart and visually inspect thesealant smear formed.

5. Inspect the mixed sealant using the samecriteria mentioned above.

insufficient mixing properly mixed

7

1. Apply sealant tocreased white paper

2. Press together

3. Well-mixed sealant 4. Poorly mixed sealantwith white streaks



Snap Time

Once proper mixing of the two-componentsealant is achieved (as confirmed by the glass orbutterfly test), a snap time test should beperformed. This test must be performed eachtime the equipment has been shut down andrestarted. The snap time test relates the base-to-catalyst mix ratio to the cure rate of the sealantand provides an indication of working time(one-half the length of the snap time) and deepsection cure time. The snap time is performed asfollows :

1. Fill a small container with mixed DowCorning 993

2. Place a stick or spatula into the sealant.Note the time.

3. After 5 minutes, pull on the stick. As the sealantbecomes more cured, pull on the stick everytwo minutes.

4. If the sealant does not tear within itself(cohesively) when the stick is pulled out (sealantis still semi-liquid and stringy), the sealant hasnot snapped. The time at which the partially-cured sealant tears cohesively when the stick ispulled out is termed the snap time. Note thesnap time on the log sheet.

5. The snap time will vary depending on the ratioof base to catalyst as indicated in Figure 2.Atmospheric conditions affect the snap timeslightly. A snap time varying more than 15minutes from what is expected may indicatean equipment or sealant problem. Suchproblems include plugged hoses, bad checkvalves, catalyst overly exposed to atmosphericmoisture, or out-of-shelf-life sealant. ConsultDOW CORNING and the pump manufacturerbefore continuing to use this material.

Mixing Ratio Measurement

Each time the equipment is started, or each timea new kit of sealant is put on the machine, aphysical measurement of the mixture ratio of thetwo components should be recorded prior toperforming any other tests.

Most variable ratio pumping equipment providea set of valves that can be opened. Hold adisposable cup underneath each valve outlet, openthe valves for a set time (10 seconds, with aminimum of 3 strokes of both the base and catalystpumps). The collected samples of each materialcan now be weighed to determine the dispensingratio by weight. The acceptable range for theweight ratio of base-to-catalyst for Dow Corning993 is 9:1 to 11:1.

Figure 2. Snap Time vs. TemperatureMixing ratio 9:1 to 11:1

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Joint Preparation and Sealant Application

This application procedure is a general guide forapplying Dow Corning silicone constructionsealants. If you follow these procedures closely,you will help ensure optimum sealantperformance. Whether the application be forweathersealants or structural glazing, these basicsteps should be followed. Since Dow Corningsilicone construction sealants are applied in manydifferent environments and situations, thisprocedure is not meant to be a complete qualityassurance program. It is a starting point, andDow Corning is willing to assist you in puttingtogether a quality assurance programme forspecific applications. Please contact yourDow Corning Construction Office for details.

The basic steps for correct joint preparation andsealant application are:

1. Clean Joint surfaces must be clean, dry, dustfree and frost free.

2. Prime - If required, primer is applied to theclean surface(s).

3. Place - The glass or panel to be glazed is set inplace according to standard practices.Depending on the specific design, a spacer willbe installed during glazing or a backingmaterial will be packed into the joint.

4. Apply - Adhesive/sealant is applied by fillingthe joint cavity completely, being careful to notleave air pockets.

5. Tool - Tooling techniques are used to strike thesealant and making certain the sealant has theproper configuration and fully contacts thejoint walls.

6. Check - Adhesion testing is performed after thesealant cures.

The following sections are intended to providemore detailed information in each of these areas.

Substrate Cleaning Procedure

This section provides information on cleaningsolvents and general cleaning procedures forporous and non-porous substrates. The key togood sealant adhesion is a clean surface. Youshould always check with the supplier of thesubstrate to ensure that the cleaning proceduresand solvents are compatible with each substrate.

Organic Solvent Usage

Not every kind of contaminant are effectivelyremoved by every solvents, and some substratescan be seriously damaged by certain solvents. Thesolvents recommended by name in this sectionare given based on our experience with theseproducts. In many cases, alternative productscould adequately clean the substrate withoutleaving a residual film or contamination. Contactyour local Dow Corning Construction Office forrecommendations regarding alternative cleaners.Please follow the solvent manufacturers safe handlingrecommendations and all local or governmentalregulations regarding solvent usage.

Non-Porous Substrates

Non-porous surfaces must be cleaned with asolvent before the sealant is applied. Currently,Dow Corning R40 Cleaner is recommended forboth structural and weatherseal applications onnon-porous surfaces. Also, an IPA-water solution(maximum 50% water) is acceptable (See page 2).Use the two-cloth cleaning method explainedlater. Contact your Dow Corning TechnicalRepresentative for the use of possible alternativecleaners.

9

Porous Substrates (Weatherseal Surfaces)

Building materials such as concrete, granite,limestone and other stones or cementitiousmaterials that absorb liquid are considered poroussubstrates. Most commonly, sealants are used onporous substrates in nonstructural (weatherseal)applications. The bulk of this section addressesthe surface preparation requirements forweatherseals. The basic concepts, however, remainthe same regardless of the intended sealantapplication.

Dusting alone may be sufficient cleaning for newporous substrates. Depending on the conditionof the surface, porous substrates may requireabrasion cleaning, solvent cleaning, or both.Laitance and surface dirt must be removedcompletely. Concrete mould release agents, waterrepellents, and other types of surface treatments,protective coatings, and old sealant all affectsealant adhesion. Removal of these treatments,coatings, or sealants by abrasion cleaning may berequired in order to obtain acceptable adhesion.

Abrasion cleaning involves grinding, saw cutting,sand or water blasting, or a combination of thesemethods. Remaining dust and loose particlesshould be removed by dusting the surface with astiff brush, vacuuming, or blowing the joints withoil-free and water-free compressed air. If theabraded surface is clean and dry, the sealant canbe applied. If the surface is dirty, it must be solventcleaned with the two-cloth method explainedlater. Some porous surfaces will trap solvents aftercleaning or priming. This solvent must be allowedto evaporate before sealant is applied.

Masking

It is important to note that silicone primers andsealants cannot be removed with organic solvents.If aesthetics are important, then it is imperativethat uncured silicone primers and sealants are notallowed to contact non-abradable surfaces wherethe silicone is not intended. These surfaces shouldbe masked or extreme care taken to preventsilicone from contacting the surface during sealantand priming application.

Two Cloth Cleaning Method

Clean, soft, absorbent, lint-free cloths (orindustrial paper) must be used. This cleaningmethod consists of a solvent wipe followed by adry wipe.

1. Thoroughly clean all surfaces of loose debris.

2. Pour a small quantity of the cleaning solventinto a working container ( do not use thesolvent directly from the original container, asthis may contaminate the cleaning agent).A plastic (solvent resistant) squeeze bottle worksbest for organic cleaning solvents.

3. Wipe with sufficient force to remove surfacecontaminants. Check the cloth to see if it haspicked up contaminants. Rotate the cloth to aclean areas and rewipe until no additional dirtis picked up.

4. Immediately wipe the cleaned area with aseparate clean, dry cloth (paper).

Organic solvent should be removed with a drycloth before the solvent evaporates to make thecleaning more effective.



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Primer Application Procedure

Dow Corning 1200 OS Primer should be appliedas follows:

1. Joint surfaces should be clean and dry. If notalready done, apply masking tape to thesurfaces next to the joint to keep excess primerand sealant off areas where they are notintended.

2. Pour some primer into a small, clean containerand be sure to replace and tighten the cap onthe primer can. To prevent deterioration of theprimer, do not pour more than a 10-minutesupply into the container.

3. Pour a small amount of the primer from theworking container onto a clean, dry, lint-freecloth ( or industrial paper) and gently wipe athin film onto the surface. Only enough primerto wet the surface is required.

Caution: Overpriming can cause adhesion lossbetween the sealant and the primer. If too muchprimer has been applied, a powdery white filmwill form on the surface. Should this occur, or ifpuddles are evident on the surface, remove theexcess primer with a clean, dry, lint-free cloth(industrial paper) before applying the sealant.

4. Allow the primer to dry until all the solventevaporates. This typically takes 15 to 30minutes, depending on the temperature andhumidity.

5. Inspect the surface for dryness and for theappearance of powder deposits.

6. The surface is now ready for the application ofthe backer rod and the sealant. Sealant mustbe applied the same day the surfaces areprimed. Any areas primed but not sealed within6 hours of primer application must berecleaned and reprimed before applyingsealant.

Table 2 - Characteristics of Dow Corning1200 OS Primer

Dow Corning1200 OS Primer

Appearance Clear liquid

Shelf Life (from date of manufacture) 18 months

Storage Temperature 25 C

Discard Indication Product turnsmilky white

Setting Procedure

Glazing, in general, can have very specificprocedural requirements depending on theapplication. The following three points offergeneral rules to follow in structural glazingapplications:

1. Care must be taken to ensure that joint surfacesthat have been cleaned are not contaminated.

2. In some site glazing applications, the siliconephysically cannot be applied the same day thesubstrates are assembled. In this case, the jointpreparation (cleaning and priming) must beaccomplished immediately prior to applyingthe silicone.

3. When glazing on the building site, temporaryfasteners or clips must be used to retain thestructurally glazed panel until the silicone hasfully cured. These temporary fasteners shouldnot introduce any stress into the silicone as itcures.

11



Sealant Application Procedure

It is critical that the sealant fills the entire joint orcavity and firmly contacts all surfaces to which itis intended to adhere. If the joint is improperlyfilled, good adhesion will not be achieved andsealant performance will be impaired. Sealantshould be applied as follows:

1. The substrates should be thoroughly cleanedand masking tape should be used to keepexcess sealant from contacting adjacent areas.

2. Apply the sealant in a continuous operationusing an application gun or pump.A positive pressure, adequate to fill the entirejoint, should be used. This can be accomplishedby either pushing or pulling the sealantbead ahead of the application nozzle.Care must be taken to ensure complete fill of the jointcavity.

This is critical since the effectiveness of thesilicone in structural applications is largelydependent on the sealant bite (contact area).

3. Tool the sealant with light pressure before askin begins to form (typically 5 to 15 minutes).Tooling forces the sealant against the back-upmaterial and the joint surfaces.

4. Remove any masking tape before the sealantsurface cures (within about 15 minutes aftersealant application).

Sealant Cure Requirements

In all silicone structural glazing applications, thesilicone must be fully cured and adhered beforethe adhesive is stressed.

Site Glazing

Temporary support of adjoining materials mustbe used during the cure of the structural siliconesealant. This is to prevent any stress on the sealantprior to full development of sealant adhesion andstrength. Dow Corning 895 typically requires 21days cure depending on joint size, temperature,and relative humidity.

Factory Glazing - One-Component Silicone

If Dow Corning 895 is used, complete cure of thesilicone must be achieved before the units aremoved or stressed in any way. This will require upto 21 days. The exact time can be determined byfabricating several small samples that replicate thejoint design on the units. These samples can betested to determine the degree of cure starting 7days after application. For practical reasons, themaximum sealant bite for one componentsilicones is 15 mm. If the production schedulerequires the units to be moved before completesealant cure, temporary fasteners will be required.

Factory Glazing - Two-Component Silicone

Dow Corning 993 cures in deep section within3 hours and generally achieves full adhesionwithin 24 hours. The silicone must not be stresseduntil full adhesion has developed. It is preferableto allow horizontally glazed units to remain onstorage tables for the full 24 hours.

Verification of sealant cure is done by producingpeel adhesion samples, or by testing sealantstrength and failure mode using H-pieces (bothdescribed in the testing section).

12



Replacement and Remedial Glazing

Glass breakage may occur during many phases ofconstruction or long after a building is completed.How a system will be reglazed is an importantdesign consideration. The specifics will vary fromproject to project. Following are some generalguidelines regarding the silicone that shouldremain common to most projects.

Replacement Glazing Due to Individual UnitBreakage

The following procedure assumes that a DowCorning structural adhesive was originally used onthe project and that the originalrecommendations are available to the contractorperforming the repairs. If this information is notavailable, contact your DOW CORNINGConstruction Office.

1. Perform a field adhesion test to confirm theadhesion of the existing silicone to thesubstrates. If excellent adhesion is notobserved, contact your DOW CORNINGConstruction Office before proceeding.

2. Deglaze the area. Depending on the jointdesign, this may require specially designedtools or piano wire to cut behind the silicone.

3. Cut away the silicone, leaving a thin film(approximately 1-2 mm) of adhesive on theframe.

4. Clean the residual sealant with solvent usingthe two-cloth cleaning technique described onpage 10. If fresh sealant is to be appliedimmediately after cutting the cured sealant,then cleaning of the residual cured sealant maynot be necessary.

5. Fresh sealant will adhere to cured sealantwithout primer. Primer will not, however, harmthe adhesion of fresh sealant to cured sealant.

6. The silicone may absorb some solvent. Allowthis solvent to evaporate so the existing, curedsealant is completely dry before applyingadditional sealant.

7. Clean the new glass or panel and set in place.Install temporary fasteners. Mask the joint.

8. Fill the joint with a bead of fresh sealant. Referto the sealant application procedures sectionof this manual.

9. After the sealant has fully cured, check foradhesion and remove the temporary fasteners.

Replacement of Glazing Due to System Failure

If the scope of reglazing involves a major remedialoperation, please consult with your DOWCORNING Construction Office as early in theplanning process as possible. Remedial glazingutilizing silicone structural adhesives mosttypically occurs when a conventionally glazedbuilding has experienced leakage problems andthe entire facade is refaced. In any major remedialsituation, it is very important to assess the problemwith the system and carefully record dates andlocations of specific failures.

13



Adhesion Testing

Adhesion Tests

Peel Adhesion Testing

This is a simple screening test that can be doneon a flat test surface, as shown in the diagram tothe right.

1. Clean and prime the surface following theproject-specific recommendations.

2. Place a piece of polyethylene sheet or bondbreaker tape across the flat test surface.

3. Apply a bead of sealant and tool it to form astrip approximately 20 cm long, 1.25 cm wideand 6 mm thick. At least 4 cm of the sealantshould be applied over the polyethylene sheetor bond breaker tape.

4. It is recommended to place a strip of wire meshbetween two layers of sealant, and tothoroughly imbed the mesh into the sealant, ifa stronger pull tab is desired.

5. After complete cure (7 to 14 days for onecomponent silicone, 24 to 48 hours for 2component silicone) you should verify theadhesion as follows :

a) grasp the 4 cm piece of sealant (notadhered due to polyethylene sheet)and pull back at 180 degree angle.

b) the sealant passes the test if it demonstratescohesive failure (i.e. silicone remains on thesurface of the test piece).

c) if the silicone totally releases from the testpiece or from the wire mesh, reviewyour sample preparation methods. Ifeverything else appears normal, contactyour DOW CORNING Construction Officefor advice.

Peel Adhesion Test Diagram

14

Peel back with anangle of 180

Structural seal bead12.5 x 6 mmBond breaker Bond breaker

Glass / aluminium profile200 mm

25 mm 25 mm

NOTALLOWED



The shape of the test pieces can be provided bywooden blocks which have been treated with asoap solution to avoid adhesion of the silicone,or by use of a spacing tape, with removing theprotective plastic liner. Be sure that the spacersare not airtight if a one-component sealant is used,as this will prevent curing of the sealant.

For each half-day of production, 3 test piecesshould be made. These test pieces should bestored in the same conditions as the productionunits. The actual test equipment to evaluate thetest pieces is neither expensive nor complex.A static load is added to the opposite end of asimple Roman Scale (see Figure on page 17) toevaluate both the strength and the adhesion ofthe cured samples. More details regarding the testprocedures and requirements in your area can bemade available by your local DOW CORNINGConstruction Technical Representative.

Quality Control Guidelines

In the absence of local standards regarding theQuality Control testing for structural glazingapplications, DOW CORNING recommendstesting the first H-piece:

1. after 24 hours cure for Dow Corning 993

2. after 7 days cure for Dow Corning 895

to verify the minimum strength of 0.7 MPa and100% cohesive failure in order to permit transferof the structurally glazed panels from theproduction facility.

Please consult your local building authority todetermine if different quality control proceduresare required.

H-piece Adhesion Testing

In order to verify the sealant adhesion and curingduring each day of production, a set of H-piecesneeds to be produced, and then tested at theproduction facility. Dimensions for standard sizetest pieces are shown on this page. The twosurfaces to which the silicone sealant are bondedshould be representative of the materials beingused during the days production.

Diagram of H-piece dimensions

15



Quality control log sheet for production of insulating glass units and structural glazing units withDow Corning products.

For every day of production, DOW CORNING advises the customer to fill in the table below in thelogbook :

Visual check of the frames and/or Insulating glass units:Observations and remarks :Name and signature of production supervisor :

16

Company: date:Project name:

morning afternoon packaging change

Lot number of the silicone(for 2 comp.: of base and x xcatalyst)

Dow Corning 3-3522 lot nr. (1) x x

temperature (C) x x

relative humidity (%) x x

base: catalyst ratio (1) (4) x

glass plate test (1) (3) x x xor butterfly test (1) (3)snaptime (1) x x xor tackfree time (1A)

metal (2)

type: x xlot number x x

cleaning solvent name x x lot number x x

primer name (if any) (x) (x) lot number (x) (x)

glass (x)

type: x (x)

cleaning solvent name x x lot number x x

primer name (if any) (x) (x) lot number (x) (x)

adhesion testing onH-pieces (5) (6)sample n1: after ... daystype of rupture x x xtensile stress (MPa) x x x

sample n2: after ... daystype of rupture (x) (x) (x)tensile stress (MPa) (x) (x) (x)

sample n3: after ... daystype of rupture (x) (x) (x)tensile stress (MPa) (x) (x) (x)

reference numbers scaledframes or IG-units x x x

( ) Numbers in brackets are explained on the following page.



(1) Only for two-component silicone

(1A) Only for one component silicone

(2) For insulating units there is no metal support but a second glass plate

(3) The purpose of these tests are to check the homogeneity of the mixture. See test descriptions text of this guidebook.

(4) All 2-component mixing equipment comes equipped with 2 sampling tubes where small quantities of base andcatalyst can be taken for verification of the correct mixing ratio..

(5) The H-pieces are test-pieces of silicone (12*12*50 mm) between 2 supports. See reference drawing in text ofthe guidebook.

The shape of the test-pieces can be provided by wooden blocks which have been treated with a soap solution to avoidadhesion of the silicone or by means of Norton tape from which the adhesive tape has not been removed. Be sure that in thecase of one-component sealants, the spacers are not air- and vapour tight otherwise they will prevent the curing of thesilicone.

For every half day of production, 3 test-pieces have to be made. The test pieces have to be stored in the same conditions asthe produced units. After 24 hours e.g. the first test-piece can be tested according to the procedure described below.

For testing the test pieces to rupture a sophisticated machine is not required. The roman scale as represented below willallow the silicone applicator to test sealant adhesion and mechanical properties with a low cost equipment.

The strength applied to the silicone joint is equal to the weight W on the roman scale plate times the ratio b/a.

Before the produced units can be transported to the site or in the case of structural bonding on site with DC 895 the time towait before the temporary mechanical fixings can be removed, the H-piece test sample needs to have a cohesive (this meansrupture in the mass of silicone and not at the adhesion interface) tensile stress at rupture of minimum0.7 MPa. This corresponds to a strength of 12 * 50 * 0.7 = 420 N to be applied to the test piece. This strength correspondsto a load of 42 kg.

If the roman scale is designed for having a ratio b/a of 10, a weight W of 4.2 kg is necessary on the scale to generate therequired stress in the silicone. This strength will be submitted to the joint for max. 10 seconds and no adhesive or cohesiverupture may be observed.

If this is the case, continue to rupture by adding half a kilo at a time on the scale. The strength must be recorded in thelogbook and also the type of rupture. The rupture needs to be 100 % cohesive in all the cases.

If these two conditions are not fulfilled, the units have not cured sufficiently to transport them to the site. Wait e.g. another24 hours and test the second test piece in the same way ....etc.. Be ware that the time necessary to cure will strongly dependon the temperature and for one-component silicones also on the relative humidity of the air.

(6) In case of impossibility to make H-pieces and to have a roman scale and there are no limits to the delivery time and/orstorage room, one can replace the 3 H-pieces per half a day of production and/or packaging change by 3 peel tests perdifferent substrate. After cleaning the substrate (and priming if necessary), a bead of silicone of approximately 10 mmwide and 3 mm thick is applied. Afterwards a metal wire is pressed in the bead after which a second bead of silicone isapplied. After curing an incision is made with a cutter at the adhesion surface right in between the silicone and the metal,of about 10 mm deep. By tearing with hand the type of tear should be checked. If the tear continues at the adhesionsurface an adhesive type of rupture is obtained which is not good. If the tear continues in the bulk of the silicone a cohesivefailure is obtained. At all times a 100% cohesive failure should be obtained!

This test does not allow the determination of the speed of curing because of the lack of recording a force at rupture.Therefore when glueing in the factory one needs to keep the sealed units 7 days in the factory for a two component and 3weeks for the one component if only performing a peel test and not a test on H-pieces. In the same way, by glueing on site,one has to wait 21 days before removing the temporary mechanical fixings.

17


Silicone Structural Glazing ManualDear Customer,

The Dow Corning checklist is designed to provide our Structural Glazing Engineers a full understanding of thedetails of your project. It is an essential part of Dow Corning Structural Glazing procedures. The accuratecompletion of the following 4 pages ensures a correct joint calculation of joint dimensions and sealant specificationfor your Structural Glazing Project.

Time table for Dow Cornings structural glazing approval procedures

Time from receipt of checklist, drawings and samples.

1. Review drawings and system design 1 week

A technical letter of recommendations will be sentincluding approval/disapproval of the design andpossible modifications.

2. Substrate tests 4 weeks

adhesion testing

compatibility testing

The test results will be communicated by letter,confirming material suitability or identifyingpotential problems.

3. Bonding and production documents your time

This should be completed by your company duringthe production process and mailed to DOW CORNING.

This is essential for obtaining the warranty.

4. Production and job site visits and audits as required

5. DOW CORNING limited warranty issued at project completion(on request)

18

Dow Corning Structural Silicone Glazing

Project Checklist

Dear Customer:

The DOW CORNING Structural Glazing Checklist is designed to provide our Technical Service Engineers with a fullunderstanding of the details of your project. Completion of ALL SECTIONS of this 4-page Checklist initiates our technicalsupport of the project, producing a documentation review, adhesion and compatibility testing, and final warranty.

page 1 of 4

A. Project IdentificationA.1. Project name/city/country ________________________________________________________________________

A.2. Glazing area, m2 ________________________________________________________________________________

A.3. Key Technical Contact ______________________________ Tel. _______________________________________of firm submitting checklist _________________________ FAX ______________________________________

B. Project PartnersB.1. Facade Construction Firm / Contact Person _________________________________________________________

B.2. I.G./Panel Manufacturer / Contact Person __________________________________________________________

B.3. S.G. Bonding Company / Contact Person __________________________________________________________

B.4. Consulting office / Control body __________________________________________________________________

B.5. General contractor ______________________________________________________________________________

C. Structural Glazing System Type and References(circle correct answers)

C.1. 2-sided or 4-sided system

C.2. For 2-sided system, are the horizontal or vertical joints structurally glazed?

Are the non-structurally glazed sides unfastened or mechanically fastened?

Are the two structurally glazed sides shorter, longer, or equal in length to the non-glazed sides?

C.3. Is the deadload (weight) of the structurally glazed system supported or unsupported?

If supported, is the support for internal, external, or both panes of glass?

C.4. Are the glass panes square, rectangular, or other shape? Please draw other shape:

C.5. Are all units vertical or are there sloping elements? Angle (degrees) from horizontal: ___________________

C.6. List any official/national or technical approval of this system: ________________________________________

D. Joint Dimensioning

D.1. Structural Silicone between glass/frame is 1-component (DC 895), 2-component (DC993) or others ___________between glass/glass is 2-component (DC3362) or 1-component (DC3793)

D.2. Maximum wind pressure for geography of project (obtained from architect or authorities): ________ Pa or kN/m2

D.3. Snow load or other forces acting on sloped or horizontal glazing elements: ________ kN/m2

E. Vision Glass

E.1. Width _______m, height _______m, thickness ______mm of the single glass with the largest short-sidedimension panel for this project

E.2. Width _______m, height _______m of the insulation glass with the largest short-side dimensionpanelfor this project

E.3. Thickness _______mm of outer glass, spacer distance ______mm, thickness ________mm of inner glass panel

E.4. Insulation glass panel with the smallest surface area: Width _______m, heigth _______m

E.5. Proposed structural joint dimensions: _______mm bite, _______mm thickness

E.6. The insulating glass contains gas ? Yes No (circle correct answer)

E.7. Proposed insulating glass joint dimension: _______ mm depth

E.8. Type of insulating glass: stepped or non stepped? (circle correct answer)

E.9. If stepped: is structural seal ON side 2 or 4? (circle correct answer)

F. Spandrel Glass

F.1. Width _______m, height _______m, thickness ______mm of the single glass panel with the largest short-side dimension for this project

F.2. Width _______m, height _______m of the insulation glass panel with the largest short-side dimension forthis project

F.3. Thickness _______mm of outer glass, spacer distance ______mm, thickness ________mm of inner glass panel

F.4. Insulation glass panel with the smallest surface area: Width _______m, heigth _______m

F.5. Proposed structural joint dimensions: _______mm bite, _______mm thickness

F.6. The insulating glass contains gas ? Yes No (circle correct answer)

F.7. Proposed insulating glass joint dimension: _______ mm depth

F.8. Type of insulating glass: stepped or non stepped? (circle correct answer)

F.9. If stepped: is structural seal ON side 2 or 4? (circle correct answer)


Project Checklist

page 2 of 4


Project Checklist

page 3 of 4

G. List of Samples for Laboratory Testing

Please provide samples representative of the lot to be used on the project

G.1. Aluminium or Steel Profiles: 6 pieces, 15 cm long 1(per profile lot number)

G.2. Coated, Enamelled, or 3 pieces, 20 cm x 15 cmpreviously untested glass: (only at our request normally)

G.3. Support Materials (gaskets, 1 piece, 10 - 20 cm longbacker rod, tapes in contact (of each material)with the silicone sealant)

G.4. Accessories (setting blocks, 3 pieces eachspacers, etc, in close proximityto the silicone sealant)

1: Exception: projects made in France or elsewhere in Europe under the control of an official French company(Veritas, Socotec, etc) must submit 18 extra profiles that are 7.5 cm in length.

Please send all samples to:

Dow Corning s.a.Parc Industriel, Zone CB-7180 SeneffeBELGIUM

to the attention of Michele Swartele

tel: 0032/64 888 000fax: 0032/64 888 950

H. List of Drawings to be sent

H.1. Vertical & horizontal cross-section of the structural seals of vision and spandrel units.

H.2. Elevation drawing of the facade.

Description of Test SamplesPlease complete the following list for each shipment of samples:


Project Checklist

page 4 of 4

PROJECT NAME / CITY / COUNTRY _______________________________________________________________

Profile: _____ Anodised Aluminium Colour _____________(company performing anodisation: )

_____ Polyester-coated Aluminium Colour _____________

_____ Stainless Steel Colour _____________

lot or batch numbers: ___________________

Vision Glass:

Manufacturer: ________________________________________________

Product Brand Name: ________________________________________________

Coating Brand Name: ________________________________________________

Coating(s) on Glass Face #: 1 2 3 4(outside) (inside)

Coating type (circle answer): enamelled PU coating PU film others (to specify)

Coating is stripped on the bonding area ? (circle answer) Yes No

Spandrel Glass:

Manufacturer: ________________________________________________

Product Brand Name: ________________________________________________

Spandrel Coating Brand Name: ________________________________________________

Coating(s) on Glass Face #: 1 2 3 4(outside) (inside)

Coating type (circle answer): enamelled PU coating PU film others (to specify)

Coating is stripped on the bonding area (circle answer): Yes No

Accessory Materials: Please list the Manufacturer, Brand Name, and type of material to be used:

1. Spacer _____________________________________ / _______________________ / __________________________

2. Backer rod _________________________________ / _______________________ / __________________________

3. Preformed rubber or plasticprofiles or gaskets ___________________________ / _______________________ / __________________________

4. Setting blocks ______________________________ / _______________________ / __________________________

5. Other material ______________________________ / _______________________ / __________________________

Dow Corning is a registered trademark of DOW CORNING Corporation.

Printed in Belgium

Ref

.: 62

-097

8B-0

1

Sealants to be tested for this project: (circle answer)

DC895 DC993 DC3793 DC3362 DC797 DC897

For substrates requiring adhesion testing, please indicate on the samples the suface to be tested.

ELG.: 62-0979C-01

The information contained herein is offered in good faith based on Dow Cornings research and is believed to be accurate. However, because conditions andmethods of use of our products are beyond our control, this information shall not be used in substitution for customers tests to ensure that Dow Corningsproducts are fully satisfactory for your specific applications. Dow Cornings sole warranty is that the product will meet its current sales specifications. Yourexclusive remedy for breach of such warranty is limited to refund of purchase price or replacement of any product shown to be other than as warranted. DOWCORNING SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ORMERCHANTABILITY. UNLESS DOW CORNING PROVIDES YOU WITH A SPECIFIC, DULY SIGNED ENDORSEMENT OF FITNESS FOR USE, DOWCORNING DISCLAIMS LIABILITY FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. SUGGESTIONS OF USE SHALL NOT BE TAKEN ASINDUCEMENTS TO INFRINGE ANY PATENT.

2001 Dow Corning Corporation Dow Corning is a registered trademark of

Dow Corning Corporation

UNITED KINGDOM, EIRE,NORDIC COUNTRIES,BENELUX, SOUTH AFRICA &MIDDLE EASTDOW CORNING Ltd.Meriden Business ParkCopse DriveAllesley, CoventryUNITED KINGDOMTel: INT + 44 (0)1 676 52 80 00Fax: INT + 44 (0)1 676 52 80 01

POLANDDOW CORNING Polska Sp. zo.o.ul. Migdalowa 4PL-02-796 WarszawaPOLANDTel: INT + 48 (0)22 645 14 45Fax: INT + 48 (0)22 645 14 40

AUSTRIA, GERMANY,SWITZERLAND & EASTERNEUROPEDOW CORNING GmbHRheingaustr. 3465201 WiesbadenGERMANYTel: INT + 49 (0)611 - 237 906Fax: INT + 49 (0)611 - 237 603

SPAIN & PORTUGALDOW CORNING Ibrica S.A.Avda Diagonal 613 - 508028 BarcelonaSPAINTel: INT + 34 (0)93 - 405 12 15Fax: INT + 34 (0)93 - 405 38 94

www.dowcorning.com

Construction Sales Offices

FRANCE & NORTH AFRICADOW CORNING France S.A.Le Britanniaboulevard Eugne Deruelle 2069432 Lyon Cedex 3FRANCETel: INT + 33 (0)4 72 84 13 60Fax: INT + 33 (0)4 72 84 13 79

ITALY & EASTERNMEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIESDOW CORNING S.p.A.Via Lombardia, 31/3320098 - Sesto UlterianoMilano - ITALYTel: INT + 39 02 98 8321Fax: INT + 39 02 98 80710

Dow Corning. We help you invent the future.

62-0979c-01

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