3.9 HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE AREAgpcb.gov.in/pdf/BODAL_AGROTECH_EIA_PART_2B.pdf · 3.9...

Draft EIA Study Report – Bodal Agrotech Ltd., Dudhwada, Padra, Vadodara.

Ramans Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., AHMEDABAD.

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3.9 HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE AREA

3.9.1 Physiography and geomorphology of the area:

Bodal Agrotech Ltd is located at Dudhwada Village of Padra Taluka of

Vadodara District. The plant area comes under the Survey of India toposheet no.

46B/16. The proposed plant is located at North latitude 220 10’ 44” East longitude

720 53’ 03.7”.

Vadodara-Padra-Jambusar road passes at about 5 km southeast of proposed

plant location. Vishwamitri-Jambusar railway line passes at about 7 km southeast of

proposed plant location. The nearest airport Vadodara is located at a distance of

about 40 km on north-east side, which connects to major cities like Mumbai, Delhi.

The study area is almost flat terrain. Height values vary between 26m to 6m.

The north east part is having elevation of 26m and the North western part is having

elevation of 6m.On regional scale the area is sloping towards northwest. Figure no 3.5 shows the topography of the area. The contour interval is 2m. About 12 to 14 m

cliff trending northeast-southwest at the riverbank is present in the northwest part of

the lease area.

3.9.2 Natural Drainage Pattern : The area is drained by Mahi and Dhadhar Rivers and its tributaries. Mahi

River flows from NE to SW. It is at about 7km northwest of the proposed location.

Dhadhar River flows from NE to SW. It is at about 15km SE of the proposed location.

The area can be divided in to two major watersheds, one each of Dhadhar and Mahi.

Figure no. 3.6 shows the drainage pattern in the area. Drainages north of proposed

location flows in Mahi River, while the drainages south of proposed location flows in

to Dhadhar River.

3.9.3 Geology of the Area:

The study area is within Padra taluka of Vadodara District and adjoins to the

Jambusar district of Bharuch district. The area is covered with thick alluvial of

Cambay basin as per shown in Figure no. 3.7 and Figure no. 3.8 of Geological

Structure of Gujarat State. No other rock formations are exposed in the area. Tertiary

rocks are exposed at about 50 km east of the study area.



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Source: Water Resources Dept from http://guj-nwrws.gujarat.gov.in/

Figure no. 3.7 : Geological Structure of Gujarat State

3.9.4 Water shed : The topographic map of Survey of India shows drainages in the northwest

part of the study area near river Mahi. So to get the generalized flow of surface water

Digital Elevation Model of Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) was used. The

SRTM data was loaded in to the global mapper software and the watershed as well

as surface drainage was derived from it. For hydrological study, the area can be

divided in to eight major watersheds. The NW and part of NE watersheds delivers

water to the Mahi River passing in the north direction of the area. The SE, SW and

part of NW watersheds delivers water to the Dhadhar River passing in the south

direction of the area as per shown at Figure no. 3.9.



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3.9.5 Seismicity of the area : As per Seismic Zoning Map of Gujarat the area falls under Zone III. This is

referred as moderate damage risk zone.

Source: Institute of Seismological Research (ISR), Govt. of Gujarat form

http://www.isr.gujarat.gov.in/Seismic_Zoning_Gujarat.shtm

3.9.6 Hydrology of the Area : 3.9.6.1 Aquifer System

The sedimentary deposits of recent age are considered as alluvial deposits.

The alluvium contains soil and clay majorly. Sand mixed with kankar are porous in

nature, suitable for storage of ample quantities of groundwater. While clayey

formations having impervious nature are not good for ground water. The depth of

water level varies between 5 m to 28 m in study area talukas as per shown in Figure no. 3.10.

3.9.6.2 Groundwater Condition

The Proposed plant location is in Padra Taluka of Baroda District and near the

Jambusar Taluka of Bharuch District. As per the GWRDC ground water estimation

the Padra Taluka falls in Safe(White) category and the Jambusar Taluka fall into

saline TDS>2500 category. ISO TDS data of two talukas of GWRDC shows that the

ISO TDS ranges from 500 to 8500 in the two talukas of the study area in post

monsoon 2010 as per shown in Figure no 3.12. The highest salinity 8500 is found

near the Mahi estuary at Sarod Village situated at about 15 km west of the proposed

plant location. While the lowest TDS about 500 is found at the village Masar 3.5km

south of the proposed plant location as per shown in Figure no. 3.11.



Figure no. : 3.5 Surface Contour plan of Study Area



Figure no. : 3.6 Surface Drainage plan of Study Area



Figure no. : 3.8 Geology plan of Study Area



Figure no. : 3.9 Watershed plan of Study Area



Figure no. : 3.10 Depth of Water Level Contour plan



Figure no. : 3.11 ISO TDS Contour plan



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Figure no. : 3.12 ISO TDS data of Vadodara and Bharuch of GWRDC



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3.10 ECOLOGY :

3.10.1 Introduction :

Flora and fauna are important components of the environment. They are

organized into natural communities with mutual dependencies among their members

and show various responses and sensitivities to anthropogenic activities.

Considering the agro climatic zone Vadodara district belongs to moderate rainfall

agro-climatic sub region of south Gujarat avg. rainfall – 800-1000 mm. Soils are

medium black. Bharuch district belongs to moderate rainfall to heavy rainfall sub region

of south Gujarat. The average rainfall is 1000- 1500 mm and soil deep black costal

alluvial. However continuity between Padara and Jambusar Taluka and distance

between two Talukas latter may be considered or included with characteristic of

Vadodara agro-climatic sub – region. That is soil become medium black.

3.10.2 Study Area : A detailed on site survey on flora and fauna existing in the study area was carried

on 15th may, 2011. Floristic and faunal survey of all the study areas such as along

agriculture field, marshy land, wasteland, riverside vegetation was carried out. And

village wise enumeration of flora as per their habits namely viz. trees, shrubs, herbs,

grasses and climber was done and accordingly tabulated. Some of the trees were seen

to be planted. Many ornamental shrubs like Jasud, Karen are also planted, so also

climber Madhumalti and woody climber Bogain vel.

The general observation of the site visit is that all species encountered are quite

common and found everywhere. No endangered and rare species were observed.

However presence of Teak, Palash and Baheda indicates as relict of forest species or

they might have been introduced.

A village/location-wise list of flora recorded during field survey is tabulated in

Table No. 3.14. A list of avi-fauns (bird species) and animal species found during

survey is presented at Table No. 3.15.



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Table No. 3.14 Enumeration of Species – Flora

TREES

Sr. No Name of Species Family Local Name Remarks1. Acacia Auriculiformis Mimosaceae Australian Baval W

2. Acacia Catechu Mimosaceae Khair W

3. Acacia Nilotica Mimosaceae Desi Baval W

4. Aegel Marmelos Rutaceae Bili Cl/Pl

5. Ailanthus Excelsa Simarouboceae Arduso W

6. Albizzia Lebbeck Mimosaceae Shirish W

7. Allangium Salvifolium Allangiaceae Ankol W

8. Alstonia Scholaris Apocynaceae Suptaparni Cl

9. Azadirachta Indica Meliaceae Neem W/Cl

10. Bauhinia Racemosa Caesalpiniaceae Asitro W

11. Bombax Ceiba Bombacaceae Simlo W/Cl

12. Butea Monosperma Papilionaceae Khakhro W

13. Carcia Papaya Caricaceae Papaya Cl

14. Cassia Nodosa Caesalpiniaceae Pink Cassia Cl

15. Cassia Siamea Caesalpiniaceae Kasid Cl

16. Casuarina Equisetifolia Casuarinaceae Saru Cl

17. Cocos Nucifera Aeracaceae Coconut Cl

18. Cordial Dichotoma Ehretiaceae Gunda W

19. Cordial Garaf Ehretiaceae Gundi W

20. Dalbergia Sissoo Papilionaceae Sissoo W

21. Derris Indica Syn.Pongamia Pinnata Papilionaceae Kanji W

22. Diospyros Cordifolia Ebenaceae Dheki W

23. Emblica Officinalis Euphorbiaceae Amla W/Cl

24. Eucalyptus Globulus Myrtaceae Nilgiri W/Cl

25. Eugenia Jambolana Syn. Syzygium Cuminii Myrtaceae Jambu W

26. Ficus Benghalensis Urticaceae Vad, Banayan W

27. Ficus Glomerata Urticaceae Umro W



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Sr. No Name of Species Family Local Name Remarks

28. Ficus Hispida Urticaceae W

29. Ficus Racemosa Urticaceae Peepar W

30. Ficus Religiosa Urticaceae Pipalo W

31. Grewia Tiliafolia Tiliaceae Dhaman Cl

32. Holoptelia Integrifolia Ulmaceae Kanjo W

33. Leucaena Leucocephala Mimosaceae Subaval Cl

34. Limonia Acidissima Rutaceae Kotha W

35. Livostonea Chinensis Arecaceae Fan Palm Cl

36. Mangifera Indica Anacardiaceae Mango Cl

37. Manilkara Hexandra Sapotaceae Rayan W

38. Milingtonia Hortensis Bignoniaceae Buch W

39. Moringa Oleifera Moringaceae Saragavo W/Cl

40. Morus Alba Moraceae Setur Cl

41. Murraya Koenigii Rutaceae Mitho Limdo Cl

42. Peltophorum Pterocarpum Caesalpiniaceae Tamraphali, Copper Pod

W

43. Phoenix Sylvestris Arecaceae Khajur W/Cl

44. Pithecellobium Dulce Mimosaceae Goras Amli W

45. Polyalthia Longifolia Annanaceae Asopalav Cl

46. Prosopis Cineraria Mimosaceae Khijdo W

47. Prosopis Julifera Mimosaceae Gando Baval W

48. Roystonea Regia Arecaceae Bottle Palm Cl

49. Samanea Saman Mimosaceae Rain Tree W/Cl

50. Streblus Asper Moraceae Harero W

51. Tamarindus Indica Caesalpiniaceae Amli, Tamarind W

52. Tectona Grandis Verbenaceae Saag, Teak W

53. Terminalia Bellerica Combrataceae Baheda W

54. Terminalia Catappa Combretaceae Badam Cl

55. Thespesia Populnea Malvaceae Paras Piplo W/Cl



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SHRUBS

Sr No Scientific Name Family Local Name Remarks

1. Abutilon Indicum Malvaceae Kanski W

2. Argemone Mexicana Papaveraceae Darudi W

3. Balanites Roxburghii Balanitaceae Ingorio W

4. Cadaba Fruticosa Capparidaceae Batkani W

5. Caesalpinia Crista Caesalpiniaceae Kachka W

6. Calotropis Procera Asclepiadaceae Ankdo W

7. Capparis Aphylla Capparidaceae Kerdo W

8. Capparis Sepiaria Capparidaceae Kanther W

9. Cassia Alata/C. Ilatica Caesalpiniaceae -- W

10. Cassia Auriculata Caesalpiniaceae Aval W

11. Cassia Sophera Caesalpiniaceae Sundri W

12. Cordia Sebestina Ehretiaceae Cordia W

13. Datura Metel Solanaceae Dhatura W

14. Euphorbia Neriifolia Euphorbiaceae Thor W

15. Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Malvaceae Jasud, Shoe-Flower

Cl

16. Ipomoea Carnea Convolvulaceae Besharam Vel W

17. Jatropha Curcas Euphorbiaceae Ratanjyot Cl

18. Kirgenalia Reticulata Euphorbiaceae Kamboi W

19. Lantana Camara Verbenaceae Indradhanush W

20. Lawsonia Inermis Lythraceae Henna, Mehndi Cl/W

21. Nerium Indicum Apocynaceae Pink Karen Cl

22. Prosopis Juliflora Mimosaceae Gando Baval W

23. Ricinus Communis Euphorbiaceae Aerando, Castor Cl

24. Salvadora Oleoides Salvadoraceae Mithi Jar W

25. Salvadora Persica Salvadoraceae Piludi W

26. Tabernaemontana Coronaria Apocynaceae Chandni Cl

27. Thevetia Nerifolia Apocynaceae Yellow Karen Cl

28. Vitex Negundo Verbenaceae Nagod W/Cl



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29. Xanthium Strumarium Asteraceae Gadariyu W

30. Zizyphus Mauritiana Rhamnaceae Bordi W

31. Zizyphus Nimmularia Rhamnaceae Chani Bor W

HERBS


1. Achyranthus Aspera Amaranthaceae Andhedi W

2. Aerva Lanata Amaranthaceae Gorakh Ganjo W

3. Alternanthera Paronychioides

Amaranthaceae -- W

4. Amaranthus Spinosus Amarantheceae Kantalo Dabho W

5. Boerhavia Diffusa Nyctaginaceae Punarnava W

6. Cassia Tora Caesalpiniaceae Kuvadiyo W

7. Catharanthus Rosea Apocynaceae Barmasi Cl

8. Colocasia Antiquorum Araceae Alvi W/Cl

9. Corchorus Olitorius Tiliaceae Chhunchh W

10. Eclipta Prostrata Asteraceae Bhangaro W

11. Euphorbia Hirta Euphorbiaceae Dudheli W

12. Grangea Maderaspatana Asteraceae Madras Carpet W

13. Moluga Hirta Moluginaceae W

14. Musa Paradisiacal Musaceae Banana Cl

15. Occimum Basilicum Labiatae Tulsi, Basil Cl/W

16. Ocimum Sanctum Labiatae Damro Cl/W

17. Sida Acuta Malvaceae Bala W

18. Solanum Nigrum Solanaceae Piludi W

19. Solanum Surratense Solanaceae Bhoi Ringni W

20. Suaeda Sp. Lunini Bhaji Chenopodiaceae W

21. Tagetes Sp. Astaraceae Merigold Cl

22. Tephrosia Purpurea Papilionaceae Soopharkho W



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CLIMBERS


1. Abrus Precatorius Papilionaceae Chanothi W

2. Argyreia Nervosa Convolvulaceae Samodrasosh W/Cl

3. Bougainvillea Spectabilis Nyctaginaceae Bougel Vel Cl

4. Caesalpinia Crista Caesalpiniaceae Kachka W

5. Canavalia Gladiata Papilionaceae Valol, Abbo Cl

6. Cissampelos Pareira Menispermaceae Venivel W

7. Clitoria Tinctoria Papilionaceae Garani Bibri W

8. Cocculus Vilosus Menispermaceae Vevadi W

9. Ipomoea Biloba Convolvulaceae Maryadavel W

10. Ipomoea Obscura Convolvulaceae W

11. Luffa Cylindrica Cucurbitaceae Galka Cl

12. Pergularia Daemia Asclepiadaceae Chamar Dudheli W

13. Quisqualis Indica Combretaceae Madhumalati Cl

14. Scindapsus Aureus Syn Epipremnum Aureum

Araceae Pothos, Money Plant

Cl

15. Trichosanthes Cucumerina Cucurbitaceae Jungli Parval W

GRASSES Sr. No. Scientific Name Family Local Name Remarks

1. Bambusa Stricta Poaceae Katas Vaans W

2. Cenchrus Biflorus Poaceae Motu Dhamnu W

3. Chloris Barbata Poaceae Mindhadiyu W

4. Cynodon Dactylon Poaceae Durva, Dharo W

5. Dactyloctenium Aegyptium Poaceae Tarkiyu W

6. Dendrocalamus Strictus Poaceae Yellow Bamboo W/CL

7. Desmostachya Bipinnata Poaceae Dabhdo W

8. Dicanthium Annulatum Poaceae Zinzvo W

9. Digitaria Sp. Poaceae W

10. Elusine Indica Poaceae Adhan Nagali W



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11. Eriochloa Colonum Poaceae Samo W

12. Paspalidium Flavidium Poaceae Jinko Samo W

13. Pennisetum Purpureum Poaceae W

14. Sorghum Halpense Poaceae Baru W

AQUATIC PLANTS


1 Lemna Gibba Lemnaceae W

2 Typha Angustifolia Typhaceae Gha bajariyu W

PARASITES


1 Cuscuta Reflexa Cuscutaceae Amar Vel W W-wild, CL-cultivated, PL-planted

Statistical of ecological survey

Trees Shrubs Herbs Climbers Grasses Parasites Aquatic Plant Total

Families 29 17 17 9 1 1 2 53

Genera 48 26 20 14 14 1 2 118

Species 55 31 22 15 14 1 2 140

Based on data obtain, it could be stated that all plant species recorded are

common, found everywhere, and some of these seem to be planted by locals. Trees are

highest in numbers (56) followed by shrubs (32). Herbaceous flora is less due to

summer and only heat tolerant species are existing including climbers and grasses. No

rare or endangered species was found or exists.

Effects of air pollutants on Plants The industry manufactures products of floride as a result of which florine gas is released

in to the atmosphere. In addition one of the by products sulphur dioxside is also

released in to the atmosphere. Even SPM are also scatred in to the atmosphere.



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Obviously, one would expect these releases may damage sourounding vegetation; for

example florine causes leaf necrosis and also chlorosis that is reduction in chlorophil

content. Sulphur dioxside is also known to cause chlorosis. SPM deposit on the leafy

surfaces and completely cover them.

Ur actual observation during floristic survey did not show any of such symtoms. Leaves

of all species encountered were observered quite healthy. Hence it is evident that there

is no damanaging effect of all these air pollutents.

In conclusion, leaves of all species encountered were observered quite healthy.

Hence it is evident that there is no damanaging effect of all air pollutants.

Table No. 3.15 Species – Fauna and Avifauna (During Visit)

FAUNA∗

Sr No Family Name Scientific Name Common Name

1. Boidae Eryx johnii Red sand Boa (Andhadi chakad)

2. Canidae Conis aureus Jackal (Shiyal)

3. Canidae Vulpes benghalensis Indian Fox (Lokdi)

4. Cereopithecidae Presbytis enetellus Common Langur (Hanuman langur)

5. Colubridae Ptyas mocosos Indian Rat Snake (Dhaman)

6. Colubridae Xenochrophis piscator Checkered Keel back (Dendavo)

7. Elapidae Bungarus caeruleus Common Indian Krait (Kadotaro)

8. Elapidae Naja naja Common cobra (Nag)

9. Erinaceidae Paraechinus misfopus Pale Hedgehog (Shelo)

10. Herpestidae Herpestes edwardsi Common mongoose (Noliyo)

11. Hystricidae Hystrix indica Indian Porcupine (Shahudi)

12. Leporidae Lepus nigricollis Indian Hare (Sasalu)

13. Muridae Vandeleuria oleraceae Long Tailed Tree Mouse

14. Pteropidae Pteropus giganteus Indian Flying fox (Vagol)

15. Ranidae Limnonectes limnocharis Indian Cricket Frog

16. Soricidae Suncus murinus Musk shrew (Bhukhru kasturi, Chhachhundar)

∗ As reported by villagers



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17. Trionychidae Lissemys punctata Indian mud or lap shell turtle (Kacher)

18. Varnidae Varanus bengalensis Common Indian Monitor (Ghajro, Gho, Patala Gho)

∗ As reported by villagers

AVIFAUNA∗

Sr Family Name Scientific Name Common/Local Name Status

1. Accipitridae Elanus caeruleus Blackshouldered Kite (Kapasi) R

2. Accipitridae Milvus migrans Black Kite (Samdi) R

3. Acciptridae Accipiter badius Shikra (Shakro) R

4. Alcedinidae Alcedo atthis Small Blue Kingfisher (Nano RM

5. Alcedinidae Ceryle rudis Lesser Pied Kingfisher (Kabro R

6. Alcedinidae Halcoyon smyrnensis White-breasted Kingfisher R

7. Ardeidae Ardea purpurea Purple Heron (Nadi Baglo) RM

8. Ardeidae Ardeola grayii Indian Pond Heron (Kani Bagli) R

9. Ardeidae Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret (Dhor Baglo) RM

10. Ardeidae Egretta garzetta Little Egret (Nano Dholo Baglo) R

11. Capitonidae Megalaima Coppersmith Barbet (Kansaro, R

12. Charadridae Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper (Nani RM

13. Charadridae Vanellus indicus Red Wattled Lapwing (Titodi) R

14. Ciconiidae Anastomas oscitans Asian Open Bill Stork (Fati R

15. Ciconiidae Mycteria leucocephala Painted Stork (Pili Chanch RM

16. Columbidae Columba livia Blue Rock Pigeon (Kabutar) R

17. Columbidae Streptopelia decaocto Eurasian collared Dove (Kantha R

18. Columbidae Streptopelia orientalis Laughing Dove (Holi) R

19. Columbidae Streptopelia Little Brown Dove (Lotan Holo) R

20. Coraciidae Coracius benghalensis Indian Roller (Chash) R

21. Corvidae Corvus Jungle Crow R

22. Corvidae Corvus splendens House crow (Kagdo) R

23. Cuculidae Centropus sinensis Greater Coucal (Ghunkiyo, Huko, R

24. Cuculidae Eudynamus Asian Koel (Koel) R

∗ As spotted during the visit



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25. Daniidae Lanius schach Rufous Backed Shrike (Matiyo R

26. Dicruridae Dicrurus macrocerous Black Drongo (Kado koshi) R

27. Falconidae Circus aeruginosus Eurasian Marsh Harrier

(Panpattai) RM

28. Hirondinidae Hirondo smithii Wire tailed Swallow (Tarodiyu) R

29. Hirundinidae Hirundo rustica Common swallow RM

30. Meropidae Merops orientalis Small Bee Eater (Nano Patrango) R

31. Motacillidae Motacilla alba White Wagtail (Diwalighodo) RM

32. Nectariniidae Nectarinia asiatica Purple sunbird (Shakkarkhoro) R

33. Phalacrocoracidae Phalacrocorax niger Little cormorant (Nano Kajiyo) RM

34. Phasianidae Francolinus Grey Francolin (Tetar) R

35. Phasianidae Pavo cristatus Indian Peafowl (Mor & Dhel) R

36. Ploceidae Lonchura malabarica Indian Silver bill (Tapasiyu) R

37. Ploceidae Passer domesticus House sparrow (Chakli) R

38. Ploceidae Ploceus philippinus Weaver Bird (Sugari) R

39. Psittacidae Psittacula krameri Rose ringed Parakeet (Popat, R

40. Pycnonotidae Pycnonotus cafer Red Vented Bulbul (Bulbul) R

41. Pycnonotidae Pycnonotus leucotis White Cheek Bulbul (Ran Bulbul) R

42. Rallidae Amaurornis White Breasted Waterhen R

43. Rallidae Gallinula chloropus Common Moorhen (Jal Murghi) RM

44. Recurvirostridae Himantopus Black Winged Stilt (Gajpau) R

45. Strunidae Sturnus pagodarum Brahminy Myna (Brahminy R

46. Sturnidae Acridotheres tristis Common Myna (Kabar) R

47. Sturnidae Sturnus roseus Rosy starling (Vaiyu) M

48. Threskiomithidae Pseudibis papillosa Black Ibis (Kali Kankansar) R

49. Threskiornithidae Plegadis falanellus Glossy Ibis (Nani Kankansar) RM

50. Threskiornithidae Threskiornis Oriental White Ibis (Safed R

51. Timaliinae Copsychus saularis Magpie Robin (Daiyad) R

52. Timaliinae Orthotomus satorius Common tailorbird (Darjido) R

53. Timaliinae Prinia socialis Ashy Prinia (Fadkafutki) R



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54. Timaliinae Saxicola torquata Common Stonechat

55. Timaliinae Saxicoloides fulicata Indian Robin (Devchakli) R

56. Timaliinae Sylvia curruca Common Lesser White throat M

57. Timaliinae Turdoides malcolmi Large Grey babbler (Motu Lelu,

Laledo) R

58. Timaliinae Turdoides striatus Jungle Babbler (Van Lelu) R

59. Upupidae Upupa epops Common Hoopoe (Ghanti tankno) RM

60. Jacanidae Metopidius indicus Bronze Wing Jacana RM

Fauna and Avifauna were observed and recorded with naked eye or with

binocular or with the references of local peoples. 18 different species of domestic and

wild fauna were found and 60 species of resident and migratory birds were recorded.

3.11 SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

For the present study, an area of 10 km radius has been delineated considering

project site as centre. The villages covered under study area alongwith the nearest town

and the distance from the village are depicted at Table no. 3.16. The information has

been collected from primary data collection from village level and secondary sources

viz. (Primary Census Abstract CD-2001), provisional data from census of India website

regarding socio-economic profile related to following aspects:

• Demographic structure

• Economic structure

• Availability of basic amenities

Table No. 3.16 Villages covered under Study Area

Sr.No. Village Name Taluka District Nearest

town

Distance from Nearest Town

(Km)

Village Cover in 0-5 km Distance 1 Karkhari Padra Vadodara Padra 24 2 Tithar Padra Vadodara Padra 28 3 Dhudhwara Padra Vadodara Padra 26 4 Gametha Padra Vadodara Jambusar 18 5 Brahmanvasi Padra Vadodara Jambusar 10



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6 Masar Padra Vadodara Jambusar 13 7 Kareli Jambusar Bharuch Jambusar 27 8 Kahanwa jambusar Bharuch Jambusar 22 9 Pilodra Jambusar Bharuch Jambusar 14

Village Cover in 5-10 km Distance 10 chaukari Padra Vadodara Padra 22 11 samjipura Padra Vadodara Padra 14 12 Majhathan Padra Vadodara Padra 17 13 Sandha Padra Vadodara Padra 16 14 Lola Padra Vadodara Padra 17 15 Chitral Padra Vadodara Padra 19 16 Muwal Padra Vadodara Padra 16 17 Gavasad Padra Vadodara Padra 18 18 Kural Padra Vadodara Jambusar 15 19 Mobha Padra Vadodara Padra 16 20 Ambhol Padra Vadodara Jambusar 13 21 Pindapa Padra Vadodara Jambusar 16 22 Kanzat Padra Vadodara Jambusar 11 23 Weroch Jambusar Bharuch Jambusar 15 24 Uber Jambusar Bharuch Jambusar 9 25 Gajera Jambusar Bharuch Jambusar 15 26 Uahchhad Jambusar Bharuch Jambusar 8

3.11.1 Demographic Structure :

The demographic structure of the villages covered in study area is summarized in

Table No. 3.17, which highlights information viz. households, population, and literacy.

The demographic details have been abstracted from Primary Census Abstract – CD-

2001 for District Vadodara, Bharuch, and Anand - Gujarat State.

Table No. 3.17 Demographic Structure of Study Area

Sr No Villages

No. of. House-holds

Population Litreates Illitreates %

Literacy Total Male Female

1. Tithor 960 5131 2772 2360 2909 2223 56.7

2. Dudhwada 400 2059 1074 985 1643 416 79.8

3. Karkhadi 983 5119 2781 2338 3650 1469 71.3

4. Brahmanvasi 395 2258 1222 1037 1340 918 59.4

5. Gametha 483 2739 1449 1290 1944 794 71.0

6. Kareli 1144 6200 3233 2967 3852 2348 62.1

7. Kahanava 1636 8916 4797 4119 5309 3607 59.5



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Sr No Villages

No. of. House-holds

Population Litreates Illitreates %

Literacy Total Male Female

8. Piludara 902 4873 2574 2299 3624 1250 74.4

9. Chokari 1561 8996 4814 4182 5437 3559 60.43

10. Majatan 571 3129 1644 1485 2128 1001 68.01

11. Somjipura 456 2829 1517 1312 1992 837 70.40

12. Sandha 433 2473 1279 1194 1543 930 62.41

13. Chitral 342 1978 1007 972 1264 715 63.87

14. Masar 716 3915 2023 1892 2613 1302 66.75

15. Gavasad 713 3936 2111 1825 2958 979 75.14

16. Lola 260 1647 878 769 1186 462 71.97

17. Muval 818 4505 2363 2142 3240 1265 71.92

18. Kural 567 2991 1590 1401 2105 886 70.37

19. Vedach 1369 7401 3915 3486 4742 2659 64.08

20. Uber 753 3812 2014 1798 2692 1120 70.63

21. Gajera 1052 4941 2664 2276 3636 1305 73.59

22. Mobha 991 5589 2952 2637 4042 1548 72.31

23. Pindapa 282 1682 893 789 1191 491 70.81

24. Kanzat 910 5181 2659 2522 3818 1362 73.70

25. Ambhol 448 2444 1298 1146 1543 901 63.13

26. Uachhad 614 3222 1671 1550 2499 723 77.56

Total 19759 107966 57194 50773 72900 35070 67.52 %

NOTE : A person aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with understanding in any

language has been taken as literate.

Source: Compilation using primary census abstract –CD 2001 and provision data

Source from website:

censusindia.gov.in/2011_prov_results/prov_data_products_gujarat

The significant features observed are:

• The total population of the study area is 1,07,966.

• The sex ratio of study area (No. of females per 1000 males) is 887.

• It is observed that study area has an average literacy rate of 67.52 %



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3.11.2 Economic Structure :

The population can be divided into two groups in terms of employment: Workers and

Non –workers. Workers are further categorized into Main workers and Marginal

workers.

• Main worker: A person who has worked last year for six months or more.

• Marginal worker: A person who has worked last year for less than six months.

• Non-worker: A worker who did not work at all during the reference period of one

year.

Distribution of main workers, marginal workers and non-workers of total

population is presented at Table No. 3.18.

Table No. 3.18 Distribution of Workers and Non-workers

Sr No Villages Population

Main Workers Marginal Workers Non-workers Employ

ment Ratio (%)Person

s (%) Persons (%) Persons (%)

1. Tithor 5131 1999 39.0 240 4.7 2893 56.4 44

2. Dudhwada 2059 768 37.3 223 10.8 1069 51.9 48

3. Karkhadi 5119 1659 32.4 8 0.2 3452 67.4 33

4. Brahmanvasi 2258 929 41.2 215 9.5 1114 49.3 51

5. Gametha 2739 737 26.9 970 35.4 1031 37.6 62

6. Kareli 6200 2540 41.0 386 6.2 3274 52.8 47

7. Kahanava 8916 3389 38.0 1223 13.7 4304 48.3 52

8. Piludara 4873 2107 43.2 19 0.4 2747 56.4 44

9. Chokari 8996 3000 33 1857 21 4138 46 54 10. Majatan 3129 989 32 838 27 1303 42 58 11. Somjipura 2829 799 28 483 17 1547 55 45 12. Sandha 2473 847 34 593 24 1033 42 58 13. Chitral 1978 644 33 232 12 1103 56 44 14. Masar 3915 1628 42 501 13 1786 46 54 15. Gavasad 3936 1809 46 127 3 2000 51 49 16. Lola 1647 930 56 107 7 609 37 63 17. Muval 4505 1629 36 662 15 2214 49 51 18. Kural 2991 815 27 506 17 1670 56 44 19. Vedach 7401 2468 33 876 12 4057 55 45 20. Uber 3812 1333 35 609 16 1870 49 51 21. Gajera 4941 2073 42 138 3 2730 55 45



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Sr No Villages Population

Main Workers Marginal Workers Non-workers Employ

ment Ratio (%)Person

s (%) Persons (%) Persons (%)

22. Mobha 5589 2072 37 494 9 3023 54 46 23. Pindapa 1682 586 35 196 12 900 53 47 24. Kanzat 5181 1526 29 331 6 3323 64 36 25. Ambhol 2444 973 40 72 3 1400 57 43 26. Uachhad 3222 1142 35 443 14 1637 51 49

Total 107966 39392 37 12349 12 56226 51 49 Source: Compilation using primary census abstract –CD 2001 and provision data

Source from website:

www.censusindia.gov.in/2011_prov_results/prov_data_products_gujarat

• It is observed that study area has an average employment rate of 49.0%

• The distribution of workers and non-workers is shown in pie-diagram at fig. no 3.4. Main workers and marginal workers can be divided into further four categories

as Cultivators, Agricultural laborers, Household industry workers and other workers.

Cultivator: A person who has been engaged either as an employer, single worker or

family worker in cultivation of undernoted crops on land owned or held from

Government or private persons or institutions for payment in money, kind or share in

cultivation including supervision of direction of cultivation.

Agricultural labour: A person who works in another person’s land for wages in cash/kind or share

crop is regarded as an Agricutural labourer.

Household industry: An industry conducted by one or more members of the household at home or

within the village in rural areas and within the precincts of the houses where the

household lives in urban areas. It should b smaller than the scale of a registered factory

and should be engaged in manufacturing, processing, servicing and repairs of goods at

household level.

Other Workers: All workers, i.e., those who have been engaged in some economic activity

during the last one year, but are not cultivators or agricultural labourers or in Household

Industry, are 'Other Workers(OW)'. The type of workers that come under this category



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of 'OW' include all government servants, municipal employees, teachers, factory

workers, plantation workers, those engaged in trade, commerce, business, transport

banking, mining, construction, political or social work, priests, entertainment artists, etc.

In effect, all those workers other than cultivators or agricultural labourers or household

industry workers, are 'Other Workers'.

Distribution of main workers and marginal workers in sub categories is

presented at Table No. 3.19.



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Table No. 3.19 Distribution of Workers into sub-categories

Sr No Villages

Main Workers Marginal Workers

Cultivators Agricultural Labours

Household industry Others Cultivators Agricultural

Labours Household

industry Others

1. Tithor 298 850 279 572 5 115 16 104

2. Dudhwada 179 218 23 348 3 42 2 175

3. Karkhadi 293 819 11 535 1 1 0 6

4. Brahmanvasi 224 532 0 174 14 144 5 53

5. Gametha 363 274 0 100 16 933 0 22

6. Kareli 791 942 49 758 56 160 9 161

7. Kahanava 1080 1464 41 805 108 339 0 775

8. Piludara 613 441 17 1037 2 5 6 7

9. Chokari 789 1182 233 797 34 717 112 994 10. Majatan 389 288 209 103 188 621 11 17 11. Somjipura 259 260 142 138 6 316 57 104 12. Sandha 386 199 79 184 27 43 18 504 13. Chitral 167 378 6 94 15 75 10 131 14. Masar 316 730 22 561 204 229 8 59 15. Gavasad 258 661 22 869 1 70 29 27 16. Lola 212 142 3 573 5 60 0 42 17. Muval 379 492 62 696 45 434 31 153 18. Kural 209 233 9 364 11 485 2 7 19. Vedach 532 900 17 1019 54 495 8 319 20. Uber 556 362 11 404 80 377 39 113 21. Gajera 364 724 32 953 16 57 18 47 22. Mobha 304 755 26 987 96 149 6 243 23. Pindapa 215 226 3 142 107 89 0 0 24. Kanzat 161 527 41 797 3 51 13 264 25. Ambhol 223 556 6 188 2 9 0 61 26. Uachhad 311 224 7 601 194 142 1 106

Total 9871 14377 1349 13799 1293 6160 402 4494

Percentage with reference to total

population 9.2 13.3 1.3 12.8 11.4 1.2 5.7 0.4

(Source: Primary Census Abstract – CD- 2001)

• It reveals from the above data that majority of workers are engaged in agriculture

work at 41.80 % than cultivators and household industries.

• Distribution of workers in sub- categories is shown in pie-diagram at figure no. 3.13 & figure no. 3.14.



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FIGURE NO. 3.13 DISTRIBUTIONS OF WORKERS AND NON-WORKERS

FIGURE NO. 3.14 DISTRIBUTIONS OF WORKERS INTO SUB- CATEGORIES

3.11.3 Basic Amenities : The primary survey was carried out for gathering informations related to basic

amenities / infrastructures available at village level and its adequacy and effectiveness



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for villages covered in the study area of the project. The statistical data regarding the

basic amenities available within the study area is represented in Table No 3.21.

• All the villages have primary schools facilities and some villages have a primary as

well as secondary education facility. Higher secondary school available at karkhari

village.

• Medical facilities are found satisfactory. Some Villages have Primary Health Sub

Center. Some of the villages have registered medical practioner.

• Tap and well, Tube well and Hand pump are prime sources of water in all villages.

River, tank, canal are also used in the villages.

• Villages are connected with paved roads.

• Bus is the main source of transportations. Masar village have availability of railway

facility.

• For communication purpose, post are available in most of the villages. The villages

having non-availability of these facilities can get these facilities within 5 km distance.

• Electricity supply is available for all purposes in all the villages of study area.



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Table No. 3.20 Availability of Basic Amenities in Study area

Sr No Villages Drinking

Water Power Supply

Educational facilities

Medical facilities

Approach roads

Communication

Transportation

1 Piludara T,W,TK,C EA P,S PHS,HD PR PO B

2 Kareli T,TK,HP P,S PHS,HD,RMP PR PO B

3 Kahanava T,TK,TW,C EA P,S PHS,HD PR PO B

4 Karkhadi T,TK,TW,R,C EA P,S,HS HD,RMP,

PHC PR PO B

5 Tithor T,TK,TW,HP,C EA P HD,RMP PR PO

6 Dhavada T,W,TK,TW,HP,C EA P RMP PR PO B

7 Gametha T,W,TK,TW,HP,C EA P HD PR PO

8 Brahmanvasi T,TK,TW,R,C EA P PR PO B

9 Chokari T,TK,TW,R EA P(6)

HD,PHS,RMP,SMP,

CHW PR,NR PO,TPO,P(5

) B,NW

10 Majatan T,W,TK,TW,HP EA P CHW PR,MR PO,TPO,P(2

) B

11 Somjipura T,W,TK,HP EA P -- PR P(2) B

12 Sandha T,W,TK,TW,HP EA P CHW PR PO,TPO,P B

13 Chitral T,W,TK,TW,HP EA P,S PHS,CHW PR PO,TPO,P(7

) B

14 Masar T,W,TK,TW,HP EA P,S

MH,PHS, CHW,FWC,RMP

PR PO,TPO,P(11) B,RS

15 Gavasad T,W,TK,TW EA P MH,PHS,F

WC,RMP PR PO, P(21) B

16 Lola T,W,TK,TW,HP EA P CHW PR P B

17 Muval T,W,TK,TW,HP EA P,S

D,MH,CHW,PHS,R

MP PR PO, P(20) B

18 Kural T,W,TK,TW,HP EA P,S HD,MH,C

HW PR PO,P(14) B,RS

19 Vedach T,TW,HP EA P(5),S PHS,FWC,CHW PR PO,P(6) B

20 Uber T,TW,HP EA P(2) PHS,FWC,RMP,CH

W PR PO,P(19) B

21 Gajera T EA P(2),S MCW,MH,PHC,PHS,

FWC PR PO,P(25) B

22 Mobha T,TW,HP EA P(2) PHS,FWC,RMP,CH

W PR PO,P(19) B



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Sr No Villages Drinking

Water Power Supply

Educational facilities

Medical facilities

Approach roads

Communication

Transportation

23 Pindapa T,W,TK,TW,HP EA P CHW PR P B

24 Kanzat T,W,TK,TW,HP EA P CHW PR P B

25 Ambhol T,W,TK,TW,HP EA P CHW PR P B

26 Uachhad T,W,TK,TW,HP EA P CHW PR P B

List of Abbreviations

Educational Medical Drinking Water Transportation

P Primary school CHW Common Health Worker T Tap B Bus

S Secondary school PHS Primary Health

Sub Center W Well Approach Roads

HS Higher Secondary PHC Primary Health

Sub-Centre TK Tank PR Paved road

Power Supply HD Homeopathic Dispensary TW Tube well Communication

EA Electric supply for all purpose

RMP Reg. Private practitioners HP Hand pump PO Post office

D Dispensary R River P Phone

C Canal



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Annexure 3.1 Photo Documentation

Surface Water Location at Kahnwa Village AAQM station at Village Karkhari

Surface Water Sampling at Piludra Village High School at Karkhari

Kareli Pond Dried During Sampling Period AAQM station at Kareli Village



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Surface Water Sampling at Gametha Village Pond Post Office at Karkhari Village

Weather Monitoring Station at Bodal Site

Weather Monitoring Station at Bodal Site

Surface Water Location at Joshipura

Village Ground Water Source at Karkhari

Village

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