3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular...

31
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Cast Iron Application Material Group

Transcript of 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular...

Page 1: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4

Cast IronApplication Material Group

For details on the full Dormer product range, please order a copy of our current tooling catalogue.

For correct tool selection and operation, please also refer to our Product Selector CD.

Further useful technical information can be found in our brand new 2005 Technical Handbook.

www.dormertools.com

© DORMER 2006All rights reserved under the “Dormer” registered trademark. Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained herein, no responsibility for loss or damage occasioned to any person acting from action as a result of any material in this publication can be accepted by the editors, publishers or product manufacturers.

Dormer ToolsShireoaks Road Worksop, S80 3HBUK

T: +44 (0)1909 534700F: +44 (0)1909 534701

[email protected]

Page 2: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

2

BS

SSU

SAU

NS

JIS

3.1

Gra

de 1

50 ,

Gra

de 4

0001

20, 0

212,

081

4A

STM

A48

cla

ss 2

0F1

1401

, F12

801

3.2

Gra

de 2

00 ,

Gra

de 4

0001

25, 0

130,

014

0,

0217

AS

TM A

48 c

lass

40,

A

STM

A48

cla

ss 6

0F1

2801

, F,1

4101

3.3

420/

12, P

440/

7,70

0/2,

30g

/72

0219

, 071

7, 0

727,

07

32, 0

852

AS

TM A

220

grad

e 40

010,

AS

TM A

602

grad

e M

4504

F228

30, F

,200

01

3.4

420/

12, P

440/

7,70

0/2,

30g

/72

0221

, 022

3, 0

737,

08

54A

STM

A22

0 gr

ade

9000

1, A

STM

A60

2 gr

ade

M85

01

F262

30, F

2000

5

HB

EN

DIN

3.1

<150

<500

EN

156

1 -

EN

-JL

1030

0.

6010

, 0.6

040

GG

10, G

G40

3.2

>150

<30

0>5

00 <

1000

EN

156

1 -

EN

-JL

1050

0.

6025

, 0.6

040

GG

25, G

G40

3.3

<200

<700

EN

156

1 -

EN

JL

2040

0.70

40, 0

.707

0,0.

8145

, 0.8

045

GG

G40

, GG

G70

,G

TS45

-06,

G

TW45

-07

3.4

>200

<30

0>7

00 <

1000

EN

156

1 -

EN

JL

2050

0.70

40, 0

.707

0,0.

8145

, 0.8

045

GG

G40

, GG

G70

,G

TS45

-06,

G

TW45

-07

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

Exa

mpl

es o

f Wor

kpie

ce M

ater

ials

- C

ateg

oris

atio

n in

to A

pplic

atio

n M

ater

ial G

roup

s (A

MG

)A

pplic

atio

n M

ater

ial G

roup

(AM

G)

Har

dnes

s Te

nsile

St

reng

th

N/m

m2

Nor

mal

Chi

p Fo

rmW

erks

toff

Num

ber

Lam

ella

r gra

phite

extra

sho

rt

Lam

ella

r gra

phite

extra

sho

rt

Nod

ular

gra

phite

/Mal

leab

le C

ast I

ron

mid

dle/

shor

t

Nod

ular

gra

phite

/Mal

leab

le C

ast I

ron

mid

dle/

shor

t

App

licat

ion

Mat

eria

l Gro

up (A

MG

)

Lam

ella

r gra

phite

Lam

ella

r gra

phite

Nod

ular

gra

phite

/Mal

leab

le C

ast I

ron

Nod

ular

gra

phite

/Mal

leab

le C

ast I

ron

Page 3: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

3

BS

SSU

SAU

NS

JIS

3.1

Gra

de 1

50 ,

Gra

de 4

0001

20, 0

212,

081

4A

STM

A48

cla

ss 2

0F1

1401

, F12

801

3.2

Gra

de 2

00 ,

Gra

de 4

0001

25, 0

130,

014

0,

0217

AS

TM A

48 c

lass

40,

A

STM

A48

cla

ss 6

0F1

2801

, F,1

4101

3.3

420/

12, P

440/

7,70

0/2,

30g

/72

0219

, 071

7, 0

727,

07

32, 0

852

AS

TM A

220

grad

e 40

010,

AS

TM A

602

grad

e M

4504

F228

30, F

,200

01

3.4

420/

12, P

440/

7,70

0/2,

30g

/72

0221

, 022

3, 0

737,

08

54A

STM

A22

0 gr

ade

9000

1, A

STM

A60

2 gr

ade

M85

01

F262

30, F

2000

5

Contents

Classification of workpiece materials 2Application Material Groups 4Introduction to Cast Iron 5Principal Alloying Elements 6Machinability of Cast Iron 6 Hints when machining Cast Iron 7AMG 3.1 8AMG 3.2 9AMG 3.3 10AMG 3.4 11General Hints on Drilling 12Drill Feed Chart 13Drill Selection 14General Hints on Tapping 16Drill diameters for cutting taps 17Tap Selection 18General Hints on Milling 20Milling parameters 21Applications 22Milling Feed Charts 23Milling Cutters Selection 26Table of cutting speeds 30

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

Page 4: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

4

Application Material Groups

Application Material Groups (“AMGs”) are designed to assist in the selection of the optimum cutting tool for a particular application.

Dormer classifies materials into 10 major Application Material Groups. Each major group is divided into sub-groups on the basis of material properties, such as hardness and strength, and chip formation. This booklet concentrates on sub-groups 3.1 – 3.4, Cast Iron.Examples of national designations within each sub-group are shown on page 2.

This booklet contains a selection of tools that are rated “excellent” for machining cast iron. Please see the Dormer catalogue or Product Selector for the full range, or contact your local Dormer representative or Technical Helpdesk if you need further advice.

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

Page 5: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

5

Introduction to Cast Iron

Cast irons make up a family of ferrous metals with a wide range of mechanical properties. They are produced by being cast into shape as opposed to being formed. This makes them particularly suitable for the manufacture of engineering components. The widespread use of cast iron results from its low cost and versatilility. Its versatility arises due to the wide ranging physical properties which are possible due to alloy addition and various heat-treatment procedures. The cooling rate of the casting can also affect the material’s hardness and structure.

Historically, the first classification of cast iron was based on its fracture. Two types of iron were initially recognised:-

1) Grey cast iron – this exhibits a grey fracture surface, due to the large amounts of graphite flakes.

2) White cast iron - this exhibits a white crystalline fracture surface, as fracture occurs along the iron-carbide plates. The structure is generally made up of cementite (iron-carbide) and pearlite, which is lamellar plates of iron carbide in a soft iron matrix. This material is generally harder and more brittle than grey cast iron.

It is more common today to divide cast iron into two main groups:-

• Common cast irons for general purpose applications, which are used for the majority of engineering applications. These tend to be low alloyed.

• Special cast irons, which are used for applications involving extremes of heat, corrosion and abrasion. These are generally high alloyed.

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

Page 6: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

6

Principal Alloying Elements

Cast iron is an iron-carbon-silicon alloy with a carbon content of mostly 2 – 4%, a silicon content of mostly 1 – 3%, as well as other elements like manganese (Mn), phosperous (P) and sulphur (S), with the balance made up of iron.

The addition of nickel, copper, molybdenum and chromium, for example, can affect the heat and corrosion resistance, rigidity and strength of the cast iron. The alloying elements can be divided into two groups: carbide forming and graphite forming elements. The alloys greatly affect the machinability of cast iron.

Machining of Cast Iron

From a machining standpoint, cast iron consists of three basic structural constituents:

Ferritic – Easy-to-machine, low strength and a hardness below 150 HB. At low cutting speed the cast iron can be “sticky” and result in built-up edges.

Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low hardness of 150 HB to high strength and a hardness of 290 HB.

Pearlitic – its strength and hardness is dependent on the roughness of its lamellar plates. With fine lamellar plates, the cast iron is very hard and has high strength, causing it to smear and build up edges on the tool.

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

Page 7: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

7

Important when machining Cast Iron

• Most cast iron materials are easy to machine because of the short chipping properties. The reason is that graphite makes chip breaking easier and can improve lubrication.

• Tools with low rake angles are generally used in cast iron.

• Most materials are abrasive, so coatings improve tool life.

• Dry machining can be done in most applications.

• The most significant difficulties are due to irregular shapes of casting, the presence of hard skins and sand inclusions.

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

Page 8: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

8

3.1 Cast Iron, Lamellar graphite Hardness <150 HBTensile strength <500 N/mm2

Typical Composition

AMG 3.1 and AMG 3.2 encompass the grey lamellar (flake) irons, the most commonly used of the general purpose engineering irons.

AMG 3.1 has a ferrite matrix and excellent machinability. It is relatively soft and ductile, with low strength, poor wear resistance, but good fracture toughness and thermal conductivity.

Examples of uses

Typical applications are low strength components such as stock fittings, valves, flanges, pipe fittings, brake drums and decorative use.

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

Page 9: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

9

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

3.2 Cast Iron, Lamellar graphite Hardness >150 <300 HBTensile strength >500 <1000 N/mm2

Typical Composition

This group of irons represents the higher strength grades typically achieved through a pearlite matrix. Pearlite, whose name is derived from its mother of pearl appearance, is relatively hard and shows moderate toughness and good machinability.

Examples of uses

They are used in the manufacture of engine blocks, cylinder heads, moulds and hydraulic valve bodies.

Page 10: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

10

3.3Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron, Hardness <200 HBTensile strength <700 N/mm2

Typical Composition

AMG 3.3 is represented by malleable and nodular cast iron grades. Malleable irons differ from other irons because they are cast as white iron. Heat treatment produces the final structure, the precise form of which controls the strength properties. Nodular cast iron/spheroidal graphite (SG) is manufactured by alloy addition. Small amounts of magnesium/nickel are added to change the shape of the graphite content from flake to rounded graphite. This improves the strength considerably. AMG 3.3 grades of cast iron are characterised by low cost and ease of machining.

Examples of uses

Typical uses are automotive and agricultural components, pipe fittings, mining machinery, electrical fittings, valve components and hardware tools.

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

Page 11: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

11

3.4 Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron Hardness >200 <300 HBTensile strength >700 <1000 N/mm2

Typical Composition

AMG 3.4 represents the grades capable of achieving higher strength through heat treatment. Nodular cast iron/spheroidal graphite (SG) exhibit better mechanical properties which make them complementary to malleable irons and suitable replacements for steel in many applications.

Examples of uses

Typical components are flywheel castings, crankshafts, gears, valves and rocker arms.

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

Page 12: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

12

General Hints on Drilling

1. Select the most appropriate drill for the application, bearing in mind the material to be machined, the capability of the machine tool and the coolant to be used.

2. Flexibility within the component and machine tool spindle can cause damage to the drill as well as the component and machine - ensure maximum stability at all times. This can be improved by selecting the shortest possible drill for the application.

3. Tool holding is an important aspect of the drilling operation and the drill cannot be allowed to slip or move in the tool holder.

4. The use of suitable coolants and lubricants are recommended as required by the particular drilling operation. When using coolants and lubricants, ensure a copious supply, especially at the drill point.

5. Swarf evacuation whilst drilling is essential in ensuring the correct drilling procedure. Never allow the swarf to become stationary in the flute.

6. When regrinding a drill, always makes sure that the correct point geometry is produced and that any wear has been removed.

Page 13: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

Ø [m

m]

12

34

56

810

1215

1620

2530

4050

A0.

012

0.02

30.

029

0.03

20.

036

0.04

20.

054

0.06

20.

069

0.08

20.

086

0.11

00.

125

0.13

50.

155

0.17

5C

0.01

50.

032

0.04

40.

050

0.05

60.

064

0.08

00.

098

0.11

00.

125

0.13

00.

160

0.18

00.

195

0.22

00.

240

F0.

018

0.05

00.

073

0.08

40.

095

0.10

90.

138

0.16

50.

178

0.20

20.

210

0.24

80.

275

0.29

50.

320.

343

G0.

019

0.05

60.

084

0.09

60.

109

0.12

60.

160

0.19

00.

205

0.23

10.

240

0.28

00.

310

0.33

00.

355

0.37

5I

0.02

10.

076

0.11

90.

134

0.15

00.

173

0.22

00.

265

0.28

00.

310

0.32

00.

360

0.40

00.

420

0.44

0.46

J0.

024

0.08

40.

135

0.15

20.

170

0.19

70.

250

0.29

80.

315

0.34

90.

360

0.40

50.

445

0.46

50.

485

0.50

3K

0.02

60.

092

0.15

00.

170

0.19

00.

220

0.28

00.

330

0.35

00.

388

0.40

00.

450

0.49

00.

510

0.53

0.54

5L

0.02

80.

101

0.16

50.

186

0.20

80.

240

0.30

50.

360

0.38

50.

419

0.43

00.

485

0.52

50.

545

0.56

80.

588

M0.

030

0.11

00.

180

0.20

20.

225

0.26

00.

330

0.39

00.

420

0.45

00.

460

0.52

00.

560

0.58

00.

605

0.63

0V

0.03

80.

069

0.10

00.

115

0.13

00.

153

0.20

00.

250

0.28

00.

310

0.32

00.

340

W0.

049

0.08

90.

130

0.15

00.

170

0.20

00.

260

0.33

00.

380

0.41

80.

430

0.45

0X

0.05

60.

103

0.15

00.

180

0.21

00.

250

0.33

00.

420

0.48

00.

533

0.55

00.

580

Y0.

094

0.17

20.

250

0.32

50.

400

0.53

30.

800

1.00

01.

100

1.17

51.

200

1.20

0

13

mm

/rev

± 25

%

Page 14: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

3.13.23.33.4

14

A022 A124 A520 R022 R520 R557 R558 A551

0.50 - 16.00 3.0 - 16.0 3.0 - 13.0 3.0

- 17/32 3.0 - 16.5 5.0 - 20.0 3.0 - 20.0 5.0 - 20.0

■32K ■55C ■48M ■75X ■90Y ■130Y ■110Y ■55L■25I ■43C ■37K ■75X ■90Y ■130Y ■110Y ■40K■20G ■40C ■30J ■55X ■65X ■90X ■80X ■37K●16G ■32A ■26F ■55X ■65X ■90X ■80X ■33G

■ ●

ExcellentGood

Page 15: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

15

3.13.23.33.4

A552 A160 A510 R002 A553 A554 R553 R554 R570

5.0 - 20.0

4.0 - 16.0

3.0 - 14.0

3.0 - 14.0

5.0 - 20.0

5.0 - 30.0

5.0 - 20.0

3.0 - 20.0

3.00

- 5/8

■55L ■50C ■42K ■75W ■70K ■70K ■130W ■110W ■120W■40K ■40A ■32J ■75W ■50J ■50J ■130W ■110W ■120W■37K ■35A ■28J ■55W ■45J ■45J ■90V ■80V ■80V■33G ■30A ■25F ■55W ■42F ■42F ■90V ■80V ■80V

Page 16: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

16

General Hints on Tapping

1. Select the correct design of tap for the component material and type of hole, i.e. through or blind, from the Application Material Groups chart.

2. Ensure the component is securely clamped - lateral movement may cause tap breakage or poor quality threads.

3. Select the correct size of drill (see opposite). Always ensure that work hardening of the component material is kept to a minimum.

4. Select the correct cutting speed as shown in the tap selection pages, the catalogue or the Product Selector.

5. Use appropriate cutting fluid for correct application.

6. In NC applications ensure that the feed value chosen for the program is correct. When using a tapping attachment, 95% to 97% of the pitch is recommended to allow the tap to generate its own pitch.

7. Where possible, hold the tap in a good quality torque limiting tapping attachment, which ensures free axial movement of the tap and presents it squarely to the hole. It also protects the tap from breakage if accidentally ‘bottomed’ in a blind hole.

8. Ensure smooth entry of the tap into the hole, as an uneven feed may cause ‘bell mouthing’.

Page 17: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

M mm mm mm1.6 0.35 1.321 1.25 3/641.8 0.35 1.521 1.45 542 0.4 1.679 1.6 1/162.2 0.45 1.833 1.75 502.5 0.45 2.138 2.05 463 0.5 2.599 2.5 403.5 0.6 3.010 2.9 334 0.7 3.422 3.3 304.5 0.75 3.878 3.8 275 0.8 4.334 4.2 196 1 5.153 5 97 1 6.153 6 15/648 1.25 6.912 6.8 H9 1.25 7.912 7.8 5/1610 1.5 8.676 8.5 Q11 1.5 9.676 9.5 3/812 1.75 10.441 10.3 Y14 2 12.210 12 15/3216 2 14.210 14 35/6418 2.5 15.744 15.5 39/6420 2.5 17.744 17.5 11/1622 2.5 19.744 19.5 49/6424 3 21.252 21 53/6427 3 24.252 24 61/6430 3.5 26.771 26.5 1.3/64

17

D = Dnom- P

M mm mm

4 0.70 3.405 0.80 4.306 1.00 5.108 1.25 6.9010 1.50 8.7012 1.75 10.4014 2.00 12.2516 2.00 14.25

Drill diameter can be calculated from:

METRIC COARSE THREAD

RECOMMENDED DIAMETERS WHEN USING DORMER ADX AND CDX DRILLS

The above table for drill diameters refer to ordinary standard drills. Modern drills such as Dormer ADX and CDX produce a smaller and more accurate hole which makes it necessary to increase the diameter of the drill in order to avoid breakage of the tap.Please see the small table to the left.

D = Drill diameter (mm)

Dnom = Tap nominal diameter (mm)

P = Tap pitch (mm)

METRIC COARSE THREAD FOR ADX/CDX

Max. DRILL DRILLInternal

Pitch Diam. Diam. Diam.inch

TAP DRILLPitch Diameter

Drill Diameters for Cutting Taps - Recommendation tables

Page 18: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

3.13.23.33.4

DIN

18

E201 E252 E446 E447 E462 E463

M3 - M10 M8 - M24 M3 - M10 M8 - M24 M6 - M10 M12 - M20

■15 ■15 ■22 ■22 ■22 ■22■8 ■8 ■18 ■18 ■18 ■18■15 ■15 ■25 ■25 ■25 ■25●8 ●8 ●18 ●18 ●18 ●18

■ ●

ExcellentGood

Other thread forms available. Please see Dormer catalogue.

Page 19: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

ISO

19

3.13.23.33.4

E053

M3 - M20

■22■18■25●18

Other thread forms available. Please see Dormer catalogue.

Page 20: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

20

General Hints on Milling

1. Where possible, use climb milling (down milling) for longer tool life. Climb milling allows easier chip disposal, less wear, improved surface finish and lower power requirements compared to conventional milling (up milling).

2. Always use a cutter in good condition.

3. Use well-maintained machine tools with sufficient power.

4. Use correct clamping system according to working operation and type of tool.

5. Check for damage or wear on the tool shank or in the holder itself.

6. Use the shortest cutters recommended for your application and work as close to the machine head as possible.

7. For optimum productivity, use coated or Solid Carbide cutters.

Page 21: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

21

Milling parameters

1. Identify the type of end milling to be carried out - type of end mill - type of centre

2. Consider the condition and the age of the machine tool.

3. Select the best end mill dimensions in order to minimize the deflection and bending stress

- the highest rigidity - the largest mill diameter - avoid excessive overhand of the tool from the tool

holder.

4. Choose the number of flutes - more flutes - decreased space for chips - increased rigidity - allows faster table feed - less flutes - increased space for chips - decreased rigidity - easy chip ejection.

5. Determining the correct cutting speed and feed rate can only be done when the following factors are known:

- type of material to be machined - end mill material - power available at the spindle - type of finish.

Page 22: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

22

For details on how to use the feed charts in the tables which follow, please see below.

Slotting Roughing

Ball nose Finishing

Application

Corner radius

Page 23: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

23

Ø m

mm

m/z

± 2

5%1

23

45

68

1012

1416

1820

2225

2830

3236

40↕

0,5D

↔ D

A0,

004

0,00

80,

013

0,01

70,

024

0,02

90,

043

0,06

00,

072

0,08

40,

096

0,09

70,

096

0,09

90,

105

0,10

90,

108

0,10

60,

108

0,10

8

B0,

004

0,00

70,

012

0,01

50,

022

0,02

60,

039

0,05

40,

065

0,07

60,

086

0,08

70,

086

0,08

90,

095

0,09

80,

097

0,09

50,

097

0,09

7

↕ D

↔ 0

,8D

G0,

026

0,03

40,

036

0,04

30,

050

0,05

70,

064

0,07

10,

071

0,05

40,

053

0,05

40,

053

0,05

60,

057

H0,

023

0,03

10,

032

0,03

90,

045

0,05

10,

058

0,06

40,

064

0,04

90,

048

0,04

90,

048

0,05

00,

051

↕ 1,

5D↔

0,1

DS

0,01

00,

015

0,02

30,

029

0,03

90,

051

0,07

10,

086

0,10

00,

114

0,12

90,

143

0,11

30,

129

0,10

70,

114

0,12

20,

137

0,13

3

T0,

009

0,01

40,

021

0,02

60,

035

0,04

60,

064

0,07

70,

090

0,10

30,

116

0,12

90,

102

0,11

60,

096

0,10

30,

110

0,12

30,

120

Page 24: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

Z

Ø m

m

m

m/z

±

25%

>0,5

0.6

0.8

12

34

56

810

1214

1618

20

>4

↕ 1,

5↔

0,

05

A0.

015

0.02

00.

025

0.03

00.

035

0.04

00.

050

0.06

0

B0.

045

0.05

00.

060

0.07

50.

080

0.09

00.

100

0.11

0

C0.

065

0.07

50.

090

0.11

00.

120

0.13

00.

150

0.17

0

3-4

↕ 1,

5↔

0,

1

A0.

010

0.02

00.

030

0.04

00.

045

0.05

00.

060

0.07

50.

080

0.09

00.

100

0.12

0

B0.

015

0.03

00.

040

0.05

50.

065

0.07

50.

090

0.11

00.

120

0.13

00.

150

0.17

0

C0.

015

0.03

00.

040

0.05

50.

085

0.10

00.

120

0.14

00.

150

0.17

00.

200

0.22

0

3-4

↕ 1

0,5

A0.

001

0.00

30.

005

0.00

80.

010

0.01

30.

020

0.02

70.

035

0.04

00.

050

0.05

50.

060

B0.

002

0.00

40.

008

0.01

20.

015

0.02

00.

030

0.04

00.

050

0.06

00.

070

0.08

00.

090

C0.

003

0.00

50.

010

0.01

50.

020

0.02

50.

040

0.05

00.

065

0.08

00.

090

0.10

50.

120

2-3

↕ 0,

5↔

1

A0.

001

0.00

10.

002

0.00

20.

005

0.00

90.

013

0.01

70.

020

0.02

30.

035

0.04

00.

050

0.05

50.

060

0.07

0

B0.

001

0.00

20.

003

0.00

30.

007

0.01

30.

020

0.02

50.

030

0.03

50.

050

0.06

00.

070

0.08

00.

090

0.10

0

C0.

002

0.00

30.

004

0.00

40.

009

0.01

70.

025

0.03

30.

040

0.04

50.

065

0.08

00.

090

0.10

50.

120

0.13

0

3-4

↕ 0,

5↔

1

↕ 1

0,5

B0.

035

0.04

00.

055

0.06

50.

080

0.09

00.

100

0.11

0

2 & 4

↕ 0,1

- 0,

5mm

0,1

- 0,

5mm

A0.

010

0.01

70.

023

0.02

80.

032

0.04

00.

050

0.05

50.

070

0.08

0

BC

0.01

50.

022

0.03

00.

035

0.04

00.

050

0.06

00.

070

0.08

50.

100

4

↕ 0,01

- 0

,1↔

1

A0.

040

0.05

00.

055

0.06

50.

080

BC

0.05

00.

060

0.07

00.

080

0.10

0

24

Page 25: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

Z

Ø m

m

m

m/z

±

25%

>0,5

0.6

0.8

12

34

56

810

1214

1618

20

>4

↕ 1,

5↔

0,

05

A0.

015

0.02

00.

025

0.03

00.

035

0.04

00.

050

0.06

0

B0.

045

0.05

00.

060

0.07

50.

080

0.09

00.

100

0.11

0

C0.

065

0.07

50.

090

0.11

00.

120

0.13

00.

150

0.17

0

3-4

↕ 1,

5↔

0,

1

A0.

010

0.02

00.

030

0.04

00.

045

0.05

00.

060

0.07

50.

080

0.09

00.

100

0.12

0

B0.

015

0.03

00.

040

0.05

50.

065

0.07

50.

090

0.11

00.

120

0.13

00.

150

0.17

0

C0.

015

0.03

00.

040

0.05

50.

085

0.10

00.

120

0.14

00.

150

0.17

00.

200

0.22

0

3-4

↕ 1

0,5

A0.

001

0.00

30.

005

0.00

80.

010

0.01

30.

020

0.02

70.

035

0.04

00.

050

0.05

50.

060

B0.

002

0.00

40.

008

0.01

20.

015

0.02

00.

030

0.04

00.

050

0.06

00.

070

0.08

00.

090

C0.

003

0.00

50.

010

0.01

50.

020

0.02

50.

040

0.05

00.

065

0.08

00.

090

0.10

50.

120

2-3

↕ 0,

5↔

1

A0.

001

0.00

10.

002

0.00

20.

005

0.00

90.

013

0.01

70.

020

0.02

30.

035

0.04

00.

050

0.05

50.

060

0.07

0

B0.

001

0.00

20.

003

0.00

30.

007

0.01

30.

020

0.02

50.

030

0.03

50.

050

0.06

00.

070

0.08

00.

090

0.10

0

C0.

002

0.00

30.

004

0.00

40.

009

0.01

70.

025

0.03

30.

040

0.04

50.

065

0.08

00.

090

0.10

50.

120

0.13

0

3-4

↕ 0,

5↔

1

↕ 1

0,5

B0.

035

0.04

00.

055

0.06

50.

080

0.09

00.

100

0.11

0

2 & 4

↕ 0,1

- 0,

5mm

0,1

- 0,

5mm

A0.

010

0.01

70.

023

0.02

80.

032

0.04

00.

050

0.05

50.

070

0.08

0

BC

0.01

50.

022

0.03

00.

035

0.04

00.

050

0.06

00.

070

0.08

50.

100

4

↕ 0,01

- 0

,1↔

1

A0.

040

0.05

00.

055

0.06

50.

080

BC

0.05

00.

060

0.07

00.

080

0.10

0

Z

Ø m

m

m

m/z

±

25%

23

45

68

1012

1416

20

3-4

↕ 1,

5↔

0,

1

A0.

012

0.01

90.

028

0.03

60.

048

0.04

80.

070

0.08

00.

090

0.10

70.

134

B0.

015

0.02

20.

034

0.04

20.

057

0.05

70.

079

0.09

40.

110

0.12

60.

155

C0.

016

0.02

50.

038

0.04

70.

063

0.06

30.

088

0.10

60.

123

0.14

10.

176

3-4

↕ 1,

5↔

0,

25

A0.

010

0.01

50.

023

0.02

80.

038

0.03

80.

053

0.06

40.

075

0.08

50.

107

B0.

012

0.01

80.

027

0.03

40.

046

0.04

60.

063

0.07

60.

088

0.10

00.

125

C0.

013

0.02

00.

030

0.03

80.

051

0.05

10.

070

0.08

40.

099

0.11

30.

141

S04

4

25

Page 26: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

26

C126 C139 C353 C352 C246 C920 C922 C428 C492 S102 S122 S302 S322 S044 S201

z2 z2 z3 z3 z4-6 z3-4 z3-4 z3-6 z3-6 z2 z2 z3 z3 z4 z4

1.0 - 30 2.0 - 30 3.0 - 30 3.0 - 20 2.0 - 32 6.0 - 25 6.0 - 40 6.0 - 40 6.0 - 30 2.0 - 20 2.0 - 20 2.0 - 20 2.0 - 20 2.0 - 20 2.0 - 20

■60A ■55A ■67A ■61A ■55S ■55S ■61G ■61G ■55G ■150B ■136B ■150B ■136B ■198B ■250B■50A ■45A ■55A ■50A ■45S ■45S ■50G ■50G ■45G ■90B ■82B ■90B ■81B ■131B ■150B■87B ■79B ■96B ■88B ■79T ■79T ■88H ■88H ■79H ■120B ■109B ■120B ■109B ■175B ■150B■54B ■49B ■60B ■55B ■49T ■49T ■55H ■55H ■49H ■80B ■73B ■80B ■72B ■107B ■125B

1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.6 1.1 1.1 0.6 1 1 1 1 1 1

3.13.23.33.4

■ ●

ExcellentGood

Page 27: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

3.13.23.33.4

27

C126 C139 C353 C352 C246 C920 C922 C428 C492 S102 S122 S302 S322 S044 S201

z2 z2 z3 z3 z4-6 z3-4 z3-4 z3-6 z3-6 z2 z2 z3 z3 z4 z4

1.0 - 30 2.0 - 30 3.0 - 30 3.0 - 20 2.0 - 32 6.0 - 25 6.0 - 40 6.0 - 40 6.0 - 30 2.0 - 20 2.0 - 20 2.0 - 20 2.0 - 20 2.0 - 20 2.0 - 20

■60A ■55A ■67A ■61A ■55S ■55S ■61G ■61G ■55G ■150B ■136B ■150B ■136B ■198B ■250B■50A ■45A ■55A ■50A ■45S ■45S ■50G ■50G ■45G ■90B ■82B ■90B ■81B ■131B ■150B■87B ■79B ■96B ■88B ■79T ■79T ■88H ■88H ■79H ■120B ■109B ■120B ■109B ■175B ■150B■54B ■49B ■60B ■55B ■49T ■49T ■55H ■55H ■49H ■80B ■73B ■80B ■72B ■107B ■125B

1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.6 1.1 1.1 0.6 1 1 1 1 1 1

3.13.23.33.4

Page 28: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

S241 S250 S251 S332 S503 S532 S190

z4 z4 z4 z4 z2 z4 z2

3.5 - 20 3.0 - 20 6.0 - 20 6.0 - 20 1.0 - 16 6.0 - 16 3.0 - 16

■192B ■220B ■185B ■90B ■300B ■300B ■300B■115B ■130B ■110B ■80B ■180B ■180B ■180B■115B ■130B ■110B ■90B ■180B ■180B ■180B■96B ■110B ■90B ■80B ■150B ■150B ■150B

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

28■ ●

3.13.23.33.4

ExcellentGood

Page 29: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

29

Page 30: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

58

1015

2025

3040

5060

7080

9010

011

015

0

1626

3250

6682

9813

016

519

723

026

229

633

036

249

5

mm

1,00

1592

2546

3138

4775

6366

7958

9549

1273

215

916

1909

922

282

2546

528

648

3183

135

014

4774

71,

5010

6116

9821

2231

8342

4453

0563

6684

8810

610

1273

214

854

1697

719

099

2122

123

343

3183

12,

0079

612

7315

9223

8731

8339

7947

7563

6679

5895

4911

141

1273

214

324

1591

617

507

2387

32,

5063

710

1912

7319

1025

4631

8338

2050

9363

6676

3989

1310

186

1145

912

732

1400

619

099

3,00

531

849

1061

1592

2122

2653

3183

4244

5305

6366

7427

8488

9549

1061

011

671

1591

63,

181 /

850

080

110

0115

0120

0225

0230

0340

0450

0560

0670

0780

0890

0910

010

1101

115

015

3,50

455

728

909

1364

1819

2274

2728

3638

4547

5457

6366

7176

8185

9095

1000

413

642

4,00

398

637

796

1194

1592

1989

2387

3183

3979

4775

5570

6366

7162

7958

8754

1193

74,

5035

456

670

710

6114

1517

6821

2228

2935

3742

4449

5156

5963

6670

7477

8110

610

4,76

3 /16

334

535

669

1003

1337

1672

2006

2675

3344

4012

4681

5350

6018

6687

7356

1003

15,

0031

850

963

795

512

7315

9219

1025

4631

8338

2044

5650

9357

3063

6670

0395

496,

0026

542

453

179

610

6113

2615

9221

2226

5331

8337

1442

4447

7553

0558

3679

586,

351 /

425

140

150

175

210

0312

5315

0420

0525

0630

0835

0940

1045

1150

1355

1475

197,

0022

736

445

568

290

911

3713

6418

1922

7427

2831

8336

3840

9345

4750

0268

217,

945 /

1620

032

140

160

180

210

0212

0316

0420

0424

0528

0632

0736

0840

0944

1060

138,

0019

931

839

859

779

699

511

9415

9219

8923

8727

8531

8335

8139

7943

7759

689,

0017

728

335

453

170

788

410

6114

1517

6821

2224

7628

2931

8335

3738

9053

059,

533 /

816

726

733

450

166

883

510

0213

3616

7020

0423

3826

7230

0633

4036

7450

1010

,00

159

255

318

477

637

796

955

1273

1592

1910

2228

2546

2865

3183

3501

4775

30

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

Tabl

e of

Cut

ting

Spe

eds,

<10

mm PE

RIP

HE

RA

L C

UTT

ING

SP

EE

D

RE

VO

LUTI

ON

S P

ER

MIN

UTE

(RP

M)

Met

res/

Min

.Fe

et/M

in.

Tool

D

iam

eter in

ch

Page 31: 3.13.23.33 - Geers-Industrie : cat - AMGboekje... · ASTM A220 grade 40010, ... Nodular graphite/Malleable Cast Iron ... Ferritic/pearlitic – vary from low strength and low

58

1015

2025

3040

5060

7080

9010

011

015

0

1626

3250

6682

9813

016

519

723

026

229

633

036

249

5

mm

11,1

17 /

1614

322

928

743

057

371

686

011

4614

3317

1920

0622

9225

7928

6531

5242

9812

,00

133

212

265

398

531

663

796

1061

1326

1592

1857

2122

2387

2653

2918

3979

12,7

01 /

212

520

125

137

650

162

775

210

0312

5315

0417

5420

0522

5625

0627

5737

6014

,00

114

182

227

341

455

568

682

909

1137

1364

1592

1819

2046

2274

2501

3410

14,2

99 /

1611

117

822

333

444

655

766

889

111

1413

3715

5917

8220

0522

2824

5033

4115

,00

106

170

212

318

424

531

637

849

1061

1273

1485

1698

1910

2122

2334

3183

15,8

85 /

810

016

020

030

140

150

160

180

210

0212

0314

0316

0418

0420

0422

0530

0716

,00

9915

919

929

839

849

759

779

699

511

9413

9315

9217

9019

8921

8829

8417

,46

11/ 1

691

146

182

273

365

456

547

729

912

1094

1276

1458

1641

1823

2005

2735

18,0

088

141

177

265

354

442

531

707

884

1061

1238

1415

1592

1768

1945

2653

19,0

53 /

484

134

167

251

334

418

501

668

835

1003

1170

1337

1504

1671

1838

2506

20,0

080

127

159

239

318

398

477

637

796

955

1114

1273

1432

1592

1751

2387

24,0

066

106

133

199

265

332

398

531

663

796

928

1061

1194

1326

1459

1989

25,0

064

102

127

191

255

318

382

509

637

764

891

1019

1146

1273

1401

1910

27,0

059

9411

817

723

629

535

447

258

970

782

594

310

6111

7912

9717

6830

,00

5385

106

159

212

265

318

424

531

637

743

849

955

1061

1167

1592

32,0

050

8099

149

199

249

298

398

497

597

696

796

895

995

1094

1492

36,0

044

7188

133

177

221

265

354

442

531

619

707

796

884

973

1326

40,0

040

6480

119

159

199

239

318

398

477

557

637

716

796

875

1194

50,0

032

5164

9512

715

919

125

531

838

244

650

957

363

770

095

5

31

Gen

eral

Info

rmat

ion

Tabl

e of

Cut

ting

Spe

eds,

>10

mm PE

RIP

HE

RA

L C

UTT

ING

SP

EE

D

RE

VO

LUTI

ON

S P

ER

MIN

UTE

(RP

M)

Met

res/

Min

.Fe

et/M

in.

Tool

D

iam

eter in

ch