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PREFACE Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a rapidly growing field that has seen tremen- dous progress in the development of theory, technique, technology, and range of applications over the past 15–20 years. GPR has also become a valuable method utilized by a variety of scientists, researchers, engineers, consultants, and university students from many disciplines. The diversity of GPR applications inc ludes a var iet y of are as suc h as the stu dy of gro undwat er contamina tio n, geo tec hni cal eng ineeri ng, sedime ntolog y, gla ciolog y, and arc hae ology. Thi s bre ath of usa ge has lead to GPR’s rapid development and pre-eminence in geophysical consulting and geotechnical engineering, as well as inspiring new areas of interdisciplinary research in academia and industry. The topic of GPR has gone from not even being mentioned in geophysical texts a little over a decade ago to being the focus of hundreds of research papers and special issues of journals dedicated to the subject. The explosion of literature devoted to GPR theory, technology, and applications has led to this book which provides an overview and up-to-date synthesis of select areas in this swiftly evolving field. The book also provides sufficient background and case studies to allow both practitioners and newcomers to the area of GPR to use the volume as an accessible handbook and primary research reference. This publication begins with a part that focuses on the fundamental aspects of GPR including electromagnetic principles of GPR (Annan), electrical and mag- netic properties of rocks, soils and fluids (Cassidy), systems and design (Koppenjan), antennas (Daniels), and data processing, modeling and analysis (Cassidy). The next part covers environmental applications of GPR and includes topics relating to soils, peatlands and biomonitoring (Doolittle and Butnor), water resources (Slater and Comas), and contaminant mapping (Redman). The third part looks at applications relevant to the field of earth science and includes topics on aeolian dune sands (Bristow), coastal environments (Buynevich et al.), fluvial sedimentology (Bridge), and glaciers and ice sheets (Arcone). The volume is rounded out with a part on eng ineeri ng and soc iet al applic ations of GPR tha t cover NDT tra nsport ati on (Sa aren ket o), landmi ne and UXO det ect ion and cla ssi fic ation (Ya rovoy) , and Archaeometry (Goodman et al.). Individual chapters provide a review of the current state of GPR development as well as contemporary issues which the author(s) feels are most appropriate. The authors are leaders in their respective fields and are employ ed in a variety of setti ngs including industry, consulting, government agencies, and academic institutes. By the very nature of this approach, chapters will reflect the author’s strengths and will not be uniform in format. The reader will find some chapters have a theoretical focus, whil e ot hers are more mathematic al , and yet ot hers ta ke a case st udy approach. Each chapter also includes numerous references to direct the interested individual to further information and a more detailed examination of each topic. Many of the references are scientific journals and reports, but where authors felt it xiii
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PREFACE
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a rapidly growing field that has seen tremen-dous progress in the development of theory, technique, technology, and range of applications over the past 15–20 years. GPR has also become a valuable methodutilized by a variety of scientists, researchers, engineers, consultants, and universitystudents from many disciplines. The diversity of GPR applications includes avariety of areas such as the study of groundwater contamination, geotechnicalengineering, sedimentology, glaciology, and archaeology. This breath of usagehas lead to GPR’s rapid development and pre-eminence in geophysical consulting
and geotechnical engineering, as well as inspiring new areas of interdisciplinaryresearch in academia and industry. The topic of GPR has gone from not even beingmentioned in geophysical texts a little over a decade ago to being the focus of hundreds of research papers and special issues of journals dedicated to the subject.The explosion of literature devoted to GPR theory, technology, and applicationshas led to this book which provides an overview and up-to-date synthesis of selectareas in this swiftly evolving field. The book also provides sufficient backgroundand case studies to allow both practitioners and newcomers to the area of GPR touse the volume as an accessible handbook and primary research reference.
This publication begins with a part that focuses on the fundamental aspects of
GPR including electromagnetic principles of GPR (Annan), electrical and mag-netic properties of rocks, soils and fluids (Cassidy), systems and design (Koppenjan),antennas (Daniels), and data processing, modeling and analysis (Cassidy). The nextpart covers environmental applications of GPR and includes topics relating to soils,peatlands and biomonitoring (Doolittle and Butnor), water resources (Slater andComas), and contaminant mapping (Redman). The third part looks at applicationsrelevant to the field of earth science and includes topics on aeolian dune sands(Bristow), coastal environments (Buynevich et al.), fluvial sedimentology (Bridge),and glaciers and ice sheets (Arcone). The volume is rounded out with a part onengineering and societal applications of GPR that cover NDT transportation
(Saarenketo), landmine and UXO detection and classification (Yarovoy), andArchaeometry (Goodman et al.).
Individual chapters provide a review of the current state of GPR development aswell as contemporary issues which the author(s) feels are most appropriate. Theauthors are leaders in their respective fields and are employed in a variety of settingsincluding industry, consulting, government agencies, and academic institutes. Bythe very nature of this approach, chapters will reflect the author’s strengths and willnot be uniform in format. The reader will find some chapters have a theoreticalfocus, while others are more mathematical, and yet others take a case studyapproach. Each chapter also includes numerous references to direct the interestedindividual to further information and a more detailed examination of each topic.Many of the references are scientific journals and reports, but where authors felt it
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advantageous, various other sources have been cited. Ultimately, this book reflects awide range of disciplines and perspectives that show how the field of GPR has asound theoretical and practical base from which to grow in the future. In addition,the publication should bring students up to date on the latest subsurface GPR-
imaging techniques. It will provide guidance to geophysical consultants, research-ers, and engineers who want to move into new applications and/or expand their capability for efficient and effective subsurface investigation. It will also allowindividuals from outside the field to gain ample information on select topics relatingto GPR.
The following people are thanked for their technical peer reviews of one or more chapters in this book: S. Arcone, M. Bano, W. Barnhardt, J. Bridge,I. Buynevich, N. Cassidy, M. Collins, X. Comas, I. Craddock, D. Daniels, J. Doolittle, A. Enders, D. Goodman, S.-E. Hamran, S. Koppenjan, I. Lunt,C. Peterson, D. Redman, M. Sato, T. Savelyev, T. Scullion, R. Versteeg,
B. Welch, R. Young, and A. Yarovoy. In addition, the individuals who reviewedchapters at the request of the authors are also thanked. The time and expertise of these individuals has significantly improved the quality of the book, but theresponsibility for the content of each chapter ultimately rests with the authors.
Brian Moorman is thanked for his insight and vision in getting the project off theground. Linda Versteeg’s guidance and support greatly aided in getting the bookcompleted. I thank my family (Carleen, Brianna, and Connor) and University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire for their support throughout this endeavor. Finally,I acknowledge, due to various reasons, the volume has been delayed at severalstages and it has taken the patience of many of the authors, as well as the publisher,to complete this publication – their perseverance is much appreciated.
Harry M. JolUniversity of Wisconsin-Eau Claire
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