PS/PS Line Heat Exchanger (Shell & Tube)

PS and PW-Type U-tube heat exchangers are designed for a wide range of liquid to liquid (PW) and steam to liquid (PS) applications. They are specifically designed for industrial applications with strict duties and heat transfer requirements. The removable tube bundles make it convenient to clean and inspect these units.

General applications:

Domestic hot water Oil temperature cooling Liquid and gas cooling

Standard Materials

Stainless steel 304 tubes Carbon steel shell Carbon steel tubesheet Cast iron/steel head Non-asbestos/pressed fibre gaskets

Limitation

Maximum Working Pressure: 150 psi (1.09MPa) Maximum Working Temperature: 375F (190C)

Design Specification

Heat transfer area ranging from 5 to 1380 ft2 in 2 and 4 pass units U-tube bundles made from ¾’’ stainless steel tubing 2 or 4 pass construction with lengths up to 10 ft and shell diameter up to 30 in.

Materials of ConstructionStandard Optional

SHELL STEEL STAINLESS STEELTUBES SS304 COPPER, SS316, 90/10

CuNiTUBESHEET STEEL STAINLESS STEELCONNECTION STEEL STAINLESS STEELHEAD CAST IRON/STEEL STAINLESS STEELGASKET NON-ASBESTOS-

COMPRESSED FIBER

Procedures for Equipment Sizing and Capital Cost Estimation

I. Heat Exchanger Surface Area

A= QU ∆T (lm)

II. Using Purchase Costs Table to estimate the cost

III. Evaluate the estimation by perform actually calculation

Cp=FP FM FLCB

1. Exchanger cost factor CB 700 kPa (100 psig) exchanger

where:

CB = Base Cost of the HE, USD

A = Heat Transfer Area in m2 (Lower Limit: 14 m2 - Upper Limit: 1100 m2)

Floating Head: (700 KPa = 100 psig exchanger)

CB = EXP(11.667 – 0.8709[ln(A) +0.09005[ln(A)]^2

Fixed Head :

CB = EXP(11.0545 – 0.9228[ln(A) + 0.09861[ln(A)]^2

Kettle Reboiler :

CB = EXP[11.967– 0.8709 ln(A)] +0.09005 [ln(A)]^2

U-Tube :

CB = EXP[11.147 – 0.9186[ln(A)] +0.09790 [ln(A)]^2

2. Design-pressure cost factor, FP

- 700-2100 kPa: FP = 0.8955 + 0.04981*lnA

- 2100-4200 kPa: FP = 1.2002 + 0.07140*lnA

- 4200-6200 kPa: FP = 1.4272 + 0.12088*lnA

where:

FP = Design-pressure cost factor

* Or Fp=0.9803+0.018( P100 )+0.0017( P100 )2

(P=psia)

3. Material-of-Construction Cost Factor, FM

Material FmSS316 1.4144 + 0.23296*lnASS304 1.1991 + 0.15984*lnASS347 1.1388 + 0.22186*lnA

Nickel 200 2.9553 + 0.60859*lnAMonel 400 2.3296 + 0.43377*lnAInconel 600 2.4103 + 0.50764*lnAIncoloy 825 2.3665 + 0.49706*lnA

Titanium 2.5617 + 0.42913*lnAHastelloy 3.7614 + 1.51774*lnA

4. Tube-length Correction Factor

Tube length, ft FL8 1.2512 1.1216 1.0520 1.00

5. Cost of Index

Updated Heat Exchanger Cost

CE(updated) = (CI(calculation yr) / CI(base yr)) * Cp

where:

CI(calculation yr) = cost Index for the calculation year (2014)

CI(base yr) = cost index for the base year (2009)

I. American Units

CB = EXP(8.551 - 0.30863*lnA + 0.06811*(lnA)2)

where:

CB = Base Cost of the HE, USD

A = Heat Transfer Area in ft2

Lower Limit: 150 ft2; Upper Limit: 12000 ft2

Exchanger-type cost factor, FD

Fixed Head:

FD = EXP(-1.1156 + 0.0906*lnA)

Kettle Reboiler:

FD = 1.35

U-Tube:

FD = EXP(-0.9816 + 0.0830*lnA)

where:

FD = Exchanger-type cost factor

Design-pressure cost factor, FP

100-300 psig:

FP = 0.7771 + 0.04981*lnA

300-600 psig:

FP = 1.0305 + 0.07140*lnA

600-900 psig:

FP = 1.14 + 0.12088*lnA

where:

FP = Design-pressure cost factor

Material-of-Construction Cost Factor, FM

SS316:

FM =0.8608 + 0.23296*lnA

SS304:

FM =0.8193 + 0.15984*lnA

SS347:

FM =0.6116 + 0.22186*lnA

Nickel 200:

FM =1.5092 + 0.60859*lnA

Monel 400:

FM =1.2989 + 0.43377*lnA

Inconel 600:

FM =1.2040 + 0.50764*lnA

Incoloy 825:

FM =1.1854 + 0.49706*lnA

Titanium:

FM =1.5420 + 0.42913*lnA

Hastelloy:

FM =0.1549 + 1.51774*lnA

where:

FM = Material-of-construction cost factor

Heat-Exchanger Cost , CE

CE = CB*FB*FD*FM

where:

CE = Heat Exchanger Cost, USD

Updated Heat Exchanger Cost

CE(updated) = (CI(calculation yr) / CI(base yr)) * CE

where:

CI(calculation yr) = cost Index for the calculation year &

CI(base yr) = cost index for the base year