261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme 1

José L. Diego

Valencia Local Police

Munich , 26th June 2013

The ValueSec ProjectValencia Formula 1 GP

Mass event

General Scenario

2261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Scenario Framework

Scenario Environment

• A mass event with an international approach.

• It is located close the sea and the port in a touristic city.

• Many authorities, officers, VIPs and other potential targets attractive to terrorists.

• High publicity in case of terrorist attack.

• It is a street circuit so neighbors and event attendees form a large number of people in the surrounding.

• There is a large history of terrorist attacks in this community, especially in touristic places.

3261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Scenario Framework (2)

Security Framework – Potential Risks in the Area

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RISKS DESCRIPTION

HEATSTROKEPossible public fainting by the high local temperatures

THEFTCriminal activities of pickpockets by the large number of public

BRAWLPotential conflicts and fights between the public

RACE CRASHPossibility of racing car parts thrown by accident into the stands

FIREPossibility of any outbreak of fire in the stands or stores nearby

STAIRS COLLAPSEStructural failure occurs in stands that collapse

CRIMINAL ACTIVITIESPick-pocketing supported by the large density of people, etc

CONFLICTS Conflicts between individuals or groups

TERRORIST ATTACK Explosive device261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Background

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DATE PLACETYPE

ATTACK CITY DEADWOUNDE

DTERRORIST

GROUP

13-9-74CAFETERIA ROLANDO APPLIANCE MADRID 12 ? ETA

29-7-79 TRAIN STATION APPLIANCE MADRID 8 ? ETA

15-7-86PZA. REPUBLICA DOMINICANA CAR BOMB MADRID 12 ? ETA

19-6-87 MALL CAR BOMB BARCELONA 21 45 ETA

11-12-87

GUARDIA CIVIL HEADQUARTERS CAR BOMB ZARAGOZA 11 40 ETA

29-5-91GUARDIA CIVIL HEADQUARTERS CAR BOMB VIC 10 ? ETA

21-6-93 CAR BOMB MADRID 7 36 ETA11-12-

95 VALLECAS CAR BOMB MADRID 6 ? ETA

11-3-04 TRAIN STATION APPLIANCE MADRID 191 1858 AL QAEDA30-12-

06 AIRPORT PARKING CAR BOMB BARAJAS 2 36 ETA

29-7-09GUARDIA CIVIL HEADQUARTERS CAR BOMB BURGOS 65 ETA

261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Scenario Framework (3)

Security Framework

Operational coordination of security issues through CECOR, which is formed by rescue team, civil protection, fire brigades, medical service and police forces.

Infrastructures. The stands are detachable metal structure (mecanotube), which means that any explosive action on them would lead to collapse. It would not take large amount of explosive to generate high impact and serious damage.

Easy implementation: Public usually transports bags to carry food. This implies that any attendee could potentially carry a device. Activation may be remote or through a suicidal behaviour, making it almost inevitable action, except for early detection and intelligence out of the environment.

6261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Scenario Framework (4)

Security Framework

High density of people would result in high impact in case of an attack.

Complex behaviour. Pedestrians. Example: Love Parade (Germany) (uncontrollable flow of people).

Difficult to control once the filters of the doors are crossed.

Public infrastructure of temporary accommodation (bleachers and service facilities). Low structural strength increases the vulnerability.

The public is essential part of the event.

High media impact for positive and negative effects. Audience of 527 million viewers. What is in line with classic terrorist targets, visibility of their actions.

High economic impact.

7261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Expected Impacts in Case of Disaster

Physical Damages• Buildings and/or infrastructures

destroyed or seriously damaged.

Economic damages• High lose of tourism business in short

and may be long term.

• Insurance losses/ payments

8261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Expected Impacts in Case of Disaster (2)Damages to people

• Dead and/or injured people: European scale assessment of physical or psychological injuries (compensation).

• Loss of jobs, stores or businesses

• Inconveniences and chaos for neighbors

• Private investments and recovery labour

Consequences for society

• Loss of trust in local politics

• General atmosphere of uneasiness and fear

Consequences for political parties and other institutions

• Loss of confidence in the party / institution (Police…)

9261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Motivation for Security MeasuresMotivation can be mainly translated into

priorities of decision makers:

Prevent the commission of terrorist attacks. Prevent death and injury of citizens. Prevent the creation of damage

Public Services. Infrastructures Private

Show a positive image of the city and its tourist attractions

Economic cost Political cost (electoral) Simplicity of implementation Reduction of terrorist activity Increasing public safety in the area Improving the security vision for visitors Increase in the valuation of policy makers Increasing the feeling of safety and/or comfort of citizens

10261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Motivation for Security Measures (2)

Unfortunately, in most situations the opinions or rather, the assessment criteria of the decision makers are often not explicit.

So a toolkit to identify those criteria, priorities and inconsistencies would enhance the coherence and cost-benefit efficiency of the security decisions.

11261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Security Measures

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1. CCTV with integrated software:

a. Reading license plates.b. Face Recognition.c. Intelligent analysis software (dangerous behaviour patterns ...).

- Installation of 1 plates´ reading system in each of the 10 circuit accesses.- Installation of 5 surveillance cameras with intelligent video analysis for each of the 7 pedestrian accesses.

2. Arches and scanners in doorways to detect dangerous liquids or metals:

- Installation of 1 metal detector arch for each of the 7 pedestrian accesses.

- Installation of 1 packages´ scanner for each of the 7 pedestrian accesses.

3. Frequency inhibitors:

- Installation of 27 frequency inhibitors and aerials along the circuit for denying the activation of explosives through mobile frequencies.261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Effects of the Measures

QUANTITATIVE

Declining crime rates in the area. Declines in security-related incidents within the

circuit. Increasing economic activity during the Formula

1 Number of tourists who have known Valencia due

to the F1 Number of citizen complaints for the adopted

measures

QUALITATIVE

Assessment of safety perception by the public Trend of positive assessment of the decision

makers

13261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Expected Benefits from the MeasuresRISK REDUCTION

• Early detection of threats and subsequent decreasing of probability that the disaster happens.

• Make more difficult for the attacker to carry out the attack.

• Better Security feeling and confidence in institutions.

IMPACT REDUCTION

• Reduction of economical or personal damages.

RISK RETENTION

• More help for damaged people once the disaster has happened.

14261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Negative Effects from the Measures

• Inconveniences for tourists, attendees and neighbors:

• Traffic jams

• Controls and checks

• Cameras recording and scanners (rights at your own picture)

• Access at home or work place properly

• Communication problems (inhibitors & mobile phones…)

• Etc.

• Economic cost. 15261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Why VALUESEC?

Please, note how soft and unvaluable are some of the described costs and benefits:

Many times it is hard and difficult to quantify properly the cost or benefit of potential security measures.

Also the impact and probability of potential risks is hard to assess.

Besides, sometimes decision makers don´t follow rational assessments so decision on measures to be taken is not properly done.

Valuesec tools and method help to overcome these deficiences.

16261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

261742 VALUESEC Project – Seventh Framework Programme

Thank YouAny question?

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ContactValencia Local Police José L. Diego

proyectosplv@valencia.es Tel.: ++34 96 208 54 69

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement Number 261742.

www.valuesec.eu