2.21Gender Analysis Tools_Bala Sujit Kumar

8/6/2019 2.21Gender Analysis Tools_Bala Sujit Kumar

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Gender Analysis Using HarvardGender Analysis Using Harvard Analytical Framework Analytical Framework

Dr. Sujit Kumar BalaDr. Sujit Kumar Bala Associate Professor Associate Professor

Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM)Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM)Bangladesh University of Engineering andBangladesh University of Engineering and

Technology (BUET)Technology (BUET)


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Gender AnalysisGender Analysis

GenderGender analysisanalysis takestakes intointo account account women'swomen's rolesroles ininproduction,production, reproduction,reproduction, andand management management of of communitycommunity andand otherother activitiesactivities..

GenderGender analysisanalysis must must bebe donedone at at allall stagesstages of of thethedevelopment development processprocess. .SocialSocial andand economiceconomic analysesanalyses areare incompleteincomplete without without anan understandingunderstanding of of gendergender andand socialsocial differencesdifferences

andand inequalitiesinequalities. .WithWith aa gendergender analysis,analysis, plannersplanners gaingain aa moremoreaccurateaccurate picturepicture of of communities,communities, naturalnatural resourceresourceuses,uses, householdshouseholds andand waterwater usersusers (GWA,(GWA, 20062006))..


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Concept of Gender AnalysisConcept of Gender Analysis

PracticalPractical gendergender needsneeds highlightshighlights onon women'swomen'simmediateimmediate practicalpractical needsneeds (such(such asas accessaccess totowater)water) ..

StrategicStrategic gendergender needsneeds givegive emphasisemphasis toto addressaddressissuesissues of of equityequity andand empowerment empowerment of of womenwomen andandtarget target factorsfactors that that discriminatediscriminate against against womenwomen..

ThisThis maymay includeinclude thethe accessaccess of of womenwomen toto resourcesresourcesandand benefits,benefits, includingincluding lawslaws andand policiespolicies (such(such asasaccessaccess toto landland oror finance)finance). .


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Gender Analytical FrameworkGender Analytical Framework

A A fewfew gendergender analysisanalysis frameworksframeworks areare mentionedmentionedbelowbelow::HarvardHarvard Analytical Analytical Framework,Framework,MoserMoser (triple(triple roles)roles) Framework,Framework,GenderGender Analysis Analysis Matrix,Matrix,EqualityEquality andand Empowerment Empowerment FrameworkFramework (Longwe),(Longwe),C

apacitiesC

apacities andand Vulnerabilities Vulnerabilities Framework,Framework,PeoplePeople OrientedOriented FrameworkFramework andandSocialSocial RelationsRelations Approach Approach FrameworkFramework


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What are the criteria of HAF?What are the criteria of HAF?

HAF is appealing forHAF is appealing forPractical and handsPractical and hands- -on training.on training.Give a clear picture of the gender division of Give a clear picture of the gender division of labor.labor.Distinguish between access and control of Distinguish between access and control of resources.resources.Easily adaptable.Easily adaptable.

NonNon--threatening and gender neutral; they relythreatening and gender neutral; they relyon facts rather than theory.on facts rather than theory.Designed for data collection.Designed for data collection.


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Harvard Analytical FrameworkHarvard Analytical Framework

TheThe frameworkframework usesuses fourfour interrelatedinterrelatedcomponentscomponents: :

Activity Profile, Activity Profile, Access and Control Profile, Access and Control Profile,Factors Influencing Access and Control andFactors Influencing Access and Control and

Project cycle Analysis.Project cycle Analysis.


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The Harvard Analytical FrameworkHelps to understand gender equality

progress assessment

Activity ProfileTo understand the genderequality progress in terms of income generating activities.

Access and Control ProfileTo understand the gender equalityin terms of access and control overland, water, credit programme and

training due to water project.

Influencing FactorsFrom the analysis of activity and access

and control profile -constraint and

opportunity factors are established.

Project Cycle AnalysisTo understand the practical needs

and strategic needs due to thewater project implementation.

Scaling of the Genderequality Result

CIDA s Rating Scale is used tofor scaling the gender equality

result

Figure 3.3: Flowchart of HAF


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Profile Category Indicator

Activityprofile Productive

Activities

Canal excavation (LGED approach); Blanketstitching; Net preparing; Poultry; Day labor;Small farmer; Field Worker(both harvesting&pre-harvesting period); Post harvestingActivities (such as threshing, and grading,packing, storage and selling of crops, fruits &vegetable);House worker; Business; Serviceholder; Farmer; Fisherman; Van driver;Bamboo business; Garage worker; Villagedoctor and Shopkeeper.

ReproductiveActivities

Collection of fuel ;Control of water for household consumption; Cooking ; Caring forchildren; Caring of cattle; Collection of natural medicine; Post Harvesting Activities(processing, storage& seed preservation of

cereal crop).

CommunityManagementactivities

Attending to funeral, wedding ceremonies;Participation in NGO such as BRAC,PROSHIKA, etc ; Participation in villagemeeting such as local shalish andParticipation in the meeting of WMCA etc.


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Profile Category Indicator

AccessandControl

profile

Economic Resources Benefits

Land; Water;Income andCapital.

Credit programme(NGO and WMA);Operation &maintenance of WRS;Training (NGO andWMA); Canalexcavation as incomesource; Pre-harvestingactivities (such seedpreparation,irrigation); Harvestingactivities (such as daylabor) and PHA (suchas processing of crop

rice, wheat, maize,potato, pulses, oilseeds,vegetables).

Improvedliving

Drinking water; Food; Nutrition; Money;Health; and Sanitation.

Decision

Making

Improved Status in terms of Awareness,

Voice, Mobility and Opportunity; Training of WMA.


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Needs Control Area Intervened Area

Practical Gender

Needs 1. Reducing womens work loadthrough increment of wateravailabilities.

2. Improvement of health & sanitationthrough easy accessibility to waterbasically for women during theirdelivery & menstruation period.

3. Livestock rearing & poultry farmingfacilities through water availabilities.

4. Improving income through access tocredit programme and access tocanal excavation.

1. Improvement of health

through primary healthcenter.

2. Improving income througheasier access of women incredit programme and accessto canal excavation.

3. More job opportunity such asplantation programme of LGED will increase genderempowerment.

Strategic GenderNeeds 1. Capacity building in case of decision making through easy access of women

to training & education programme of LGED & other NGOs.2. More education facilities by LGED or other NGO will make poor women

to get literacy which is a predictor of decision making.3. Creation of job sector so that skilled or trained women could exercise their

knowledge and increase their ability.4. Participation of women in the executive body such as member, union

chairmen, will change the social structure and helpful to raise womensvoice. Thus the social and cultural view will be wide for different religiouswomen.

Project Cycle Analysis


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The influencing Factors of a WR Project The influencing Factors of a WR Project

OpportunityOpportunityWater control structureWater control structureTraining & credit programTraining & credit program

Institutional arrangement Institutional arrangement LegislationLegislationConstraints

FundFund

Less concern on gender issues by LGEDLess concern on gender issues by LGEDWMCA WMCA Norms &valuesNorms &valuesGender disparity in case of recognition of laborGender disparity in case of recognition of labor


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Scale Criteria

Significant Depending on the Harvard Analytical Framework ResultMeets ALL the Following criteria

More gender equality in income generating activity due to water availability.More access and control over the resources such as land, water, capital and income.More access and control over the benefits such as credit, training and agricultural

benefits.Gender equality in case of in Decision making and O&M in WMA.

Encouraging Depending on the Harvard Analytical Framework ResultImprovement of gender equality in income generating activity due to water availability.Improvement of access and control over the resources such as land, water, capital andincome.Improvement of access and control over the benefits such as credit, training andagricultural benefits.

Less participation in case of decision makingGender equality in case of in decision making and O&M in WMA.

Modest Depending on the Harvard Analytical Framework ResultImprovement of gender equality in income generating activity due to water availability .

Less access and control over the resources and benefits

Less access and control over the resources such as land, water, capital and income.Less access and control over the benefits such as credit, training and agriculturalbenefits.

Least participation in case of decision makingGender equality in case of in decision making and O&M in WMA.

Weak There is very less evidence achieved on gender equality depending on HarvardAnalytical Framework Result

Rating

Scale forGenderEquality


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Types of activityTypes of activity Activity profileActivity profile

Without ProjectWithout Project With ProjectWith Project

WomanWoman ManMan WomanWoman ManMan

Productive ActivitiesProductive Activities : :Canal excavation (LGEDCanal excavation (LGEDapproach)approach)

Blanket stitchingBlanket stitching

Net preparing Net preparing

i) Livestock & Poultryi) Livestock & Poultryrearingrearing

Day labor Day labor a) Small farmer a) Small farmer

b) Field Worker b) Field Worker

Post harvesting ActivitiesPost harvesting Activities

House worker House worker

Small BusinessSmall Business

Service holder Service holder

Large Farmer Large Farmer

FishermanFisherman

Van driver Van driver

Garage worker Garage worker

Village doctor Village doctor

Shopkeeper Shopkeeper

Activity Profile


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R eproductive ActivitiesR eproductive Activities

Collection of FuelCollection of Fuel

Collection of water Collection of water

Control of water useControl of water use

Cooking foodCooking food

Washing cloth & platesWashing cloth & plates

Caring for childrenCaring for children

R earing of livestock R earing of livestock

Kitchen gardeningKitchen gardening

Cleaning of toiletsCleaning of toilets

Collection of naturalCollection of naturalmedicinemedicine

PHAPHA

Participation in socialParticipation in socialfunctionfunction

Attending in villageAttending in villagemeetingmeeting

Keeping the drinking water Keeping the drinking water pure pure

Participation in NGOsParticipation in NGOs

Participation in WMCAParticipation in WMCA

MeetingMeeting

Activity Profile


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R esources/ BenefitsR esources/ Benefits Without ProjectWithout Project With ProjectWith Project

Economic empowermentEconomic empowerment AccessAccess ControlControl AccessAccess ControlControl

R esourcesR esources

LandLand

Water Water

Labor Labor

CapitalCapital

BenefitsBenefits

Credit programmeCredit programmeyy NGO NGOyy WMAWMA

Operation &Operation &maintenance of W R Smaintenance of W R S

TrainingTrainingyy NGO NGOyy WMAWMA

Canal excavation asCanal excavation asincome source,income source,

PrePre--harvesting activitiesharvesting activitiessuch seed preparation,such seed preparation,irrigation,irrigation,

Harvesting activitiesHarvesting activitiessuch as day labor,such as day labor,

PHA such as processingPHA such as processingof crop rice, wheat,of crop rice, wheat,maize, potato, pulses,maize, potato, pulses,oilseeds, vegetables .oilseeds, vegetables .

AccessandControlProfile


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Improved well beingImproved well being

Drinking water Drinking water

FoodFood

Nutrition Nutrition

MoneyMoney

HealthHealth

SanitationSanitation

Decision makingDecision making

Improved StatusImproved StatusAwarenessAwarenessVoiceVoiceMobilityMobilityOpportunityOpportunity

KnowledgeKnowledge

Training of WMATraining of WMA

AccessandControlProfile


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Influencing Factors of a WR Project Influencing Factors of a WR Project

Opportunity

Constraints


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Types of Types of NeedsNeeds

Control AreaControl Area Implemented AreaImplemented Area

PracticalPracticalGenderGenderNeedsNeeds

ProjectCycleAnalysis


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ProjectProject

CycleCycle Analysis Analysis

StrategicStrategicGenderGenderNeedsNeeds


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Rating Scale for Gender EqualityRating Scale for Gender Equality

ScaleScale CriteriaCriteria

SignificantSignificant

EncouragingEncouraging

ModestModest

Weak Weak

2.21Gender Analysis Tools_Bala Sujit Kumar

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